Prophecies of Nostradamus (1974)
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Prophecies of Nostradamus (ノストラダムスの大予言 is a Nosutoradamusu no Daiyogen, lit. "The Great Prophecies of Nostradamus")1974 tokusatsu disaster film directed and co-written (with Yoshimitsu Banno) by Toshio Masuda based on Tsutomu Goto's 1973 novel The Great Prophecies of Nostradamus, with special effects by Teruyoshi Nakano. Co-produced by Toho Eizo and Toho Pictures, it was released to Japanese theaters by Toho on August 3, 1974. A heavily edited version of the film entitled The Last Days of Planet Earth was syndicated in the United States beginning in 1980.
Plot
In 1853, Gentetsu Nishiyama tells his students that the French prophet Nostaradamus foretells great change for Japan, starting with foreign ships arriving on the shores. Some of his students revolt, calling his words heresy, and his wife flees with a book of Nostradamus’s predictions. U.S. Commodore Perry’s ships arrive in Japan later that year, ending centuries of Japanese isolation, although Gentetsu is executed before he can be vindicated. His family faces abuse for generations because of their belief in the prophecies. During World War II, Gengaku Nishiyama is stripped of his rank for discussing them with his soldiers, although he points out how closely they match the present conflict. He goes on to warn of catastrophic attacks on Japan in the near future.
In the present day, Dr. Nishiyama debates his assistants about the viability of a new fertilizer which causes astounding growth in plants, touted as the solution to global food shortages. He points out that its long-term effects on humans who consume those plants are undetermined. Meanwhile, Nishiyama’s daughter Mariko, a ballet teacher, reunites with her boyfriend, photographer Akira Nakagawa, after he returns from oversea. Nishiyama argues with police over his recent use of a plane to inspect a plant he believes is still producing deadly quantities of pollution, presenting as proof a group of children in his office who have to wear masks to school. He next commiserates with Nakagawa, who has witnessed devastating droughts in Africa. They travel with Mariko to a dump where slugs over a foot long have suddenly appeared. By the time they arrive, the JSDF has already started blanketing the area with flamethrowers. Nishiyama demands that some of the slugs be spared for study, but the soldiers refuse to cease fire.
Discussing the slugs over dinner with Mariko, Nakagawa, and his wife Nobue, Nishiyama recalls a once-popular food additive called AF2 which caused permanent cell damage. This in turn reminds him of a Nostradamus prophecy: “Poison will be hidden in the heads of fish, and those who eat them will die.” Mariko brings out the book of prophecies to show to Nakagawa, who invokes Nostradamus’s prediction that a great king of terror will fall from the sky in July 1999, soon bringing about the end of the world. Nishiyama believes that the Soviet Union, with its increasingly powerful nuclear weapons, could end up fulfilling the prophecy. Nakagawa nonetheless refuses to despair about the future, which Nishiyama concedes is the right mindset. He encourages Mariko and Nakagawa to settle down, despite their concerns about raising children in a troubled world. The house receives another threatening phone call from yakuza associated with the plant Nishiyama has been trying to shut down, which Mariko and Nobue have tried to prevent him from learning about.
Nishiyama gives one of his assistants, Kida, a raise after he explains he has a granddaughter on the way. He later takes part in a presentation, led by a botanist on the importance of conservation. He adds that the entire population of Japan is responsible for bringing about a change in how the country treats the environment, not just leaders of industry. A zoologist on the panel speaks to the dangers of overpopulation, as demonstrated by an experiment with rats that descended into cannibalism. Accordingly, he recommends that major cities be abandoned; at the audience’s disbelief, Nishiyama states that extreme options must be considered given the danger. At the same time, Mariko and Nakagawa witness a beach full of dead fish as local fishers despair. Nakagawa’s father is among them, and he attempts to walk into the sea. He and Mariko reflect on the day’s events and their hopes and fears for the future that night on the beach. They make love on a boat.
Nishiyama receives a report from hospitals in southern Kyushu that almost a third of the children born this year have been deformed. He speaks with a hospital director who has been letting these deformed children die, believing it to be the most humane option. Nishyama believes that a polluted water supply is the cause. Spotting a label on one of the X-rays, Nishiyama is stunned to learn that Kida’s grandchild is among the dead. He visits the family to pay his respects, finding Kida despondent.
An international group of scientists prepares to gather in New Guinea to investigate an outbreak of unexplained neuroses and hallucinations there. Two of Nishiyama’s assistants, Yoshihama and One, join the expedition, and he sees them off at the airport. He reassures a couple that the news from New Guinea is nothing to worry about and recommends they move out of Tokyo for the sake of their ailing daughter’s health. After he receives another call from the factory, he discusses growing cancer rates with his assistant Ihara, which Nishiyama believes are the result of chemical exposure.
Despite Nishiyama’s assurances, strange phenomena continue around Japan. Nakagawa hallucinates at a concert, imagining the dancers growing smaller. A train in Tokyo is forced to come to a screeching halt due to massive weeds infesting the subway. Children living near a zinc mine develop astounding abilities such as enhanced speed, jumping, and calculating, although the malformations in their brains causing these soon become fatal. In a meeting with politicians resistant to environmentalist reform, he points out that the world is littered with the ruins of once-great civilizations that failed. He recommends sweeping changes to save Japan, including closing all non-essential factories and rationing to curb pollution and population growth. When he concedes that the old and weak will not survive this upheaval, the meeting erupts in outrage.
Global cooling grips the world, with snow falling in Egypt and the Pacific Ocean north of Hawaii freezing. At the same time, droughts in Africa, India, and southeast Asia have a billion people near starvation. Nishiyama attends an international conference in Switzerland to discuss solutions to the crises, which are feeding into each other. The representative of an unidentified developing country is outraged by the suggestion that population growth in the countries experiencing droughts has driven global food shortages. He excoriates the developed countries for depleting a large percentage of the world’s agricultural products to feed livestock and in turn feed their luxurious diets. Back home, Nishiyama challenges the government to expand Japan’s own farming capabilities during a Cabinet meeting and is frustrated by the Prime Minister’s vague platitudes. The meeting is interrupted with news that the scientific expedition to New Guinea has gone missing.
Nishiyama and Nakagawa join the rescue mission to New Guinea, now known to be under radioactive dust clouds. They trek deep into a jungle and find a giant carnivorous plant eating a bird, then giant bats who menace them until they are shot down. Frank, one of the expedition members who fell into the water during the attack discovers a giant leech on his neck; another tears it off and shoots it. While grabbing Nishiyama’s medical equipment, Nakagawa discovers a lighter belonging to one of the scientist’s missing assistants. That night, Nishiyama discovers that the leech is radioactive and thus poses a dire threat to Frank. He awakens in a blind rage, forcing the other expedition members to restrain him, then calms just as suddenly. The team hears calls from outside and rushes to investigate; Nishiyama returns to the tent to find radiation-scarred men feeding on Frank moments before more cannibals descend on the camp. Even while under attack himself, Nishiyama begs the others to hold their fire, but they shoot several of the cannibals, then chase after them. They find human bones inside, along with the surviving members of the original expedition, unresponsive and rotting. A shattered Nishyama puts one of them out of his misery with a revolver, then flees the cave in tears. Outside, he hears more gunshots, and questions why God would put humans through such misery. The expedition holds funeral services for the dead men.
A supersonic transport (SST) jet explodes over Japan, tearing a hole in the ozone layer which rapidly causes a drought, starts fires, and exposes residents to deadly levels of ultraviolet radiation. A tanker explodes near the Kawasaki oil refinery in Tokyo, the flames soon consuming the refinery as well, and the destruction of another SST jet inflicts further damage to the ozone layer as the polar icecaps rapidly melt. A rainstorm strikes Tokyo and the surrounding area next, causing rampant flooding. Similar flooding occurs in the United States, with the overflowing Mississippi River devastating corn fields. China, Australia, and the Soviet Union are gripped by droughts.
Amidst the chaos, Nobue falls ill, believing the prophecies of Nostradamus are coming true. As Mariko cares for her, she confirms her mother’s suspicions that she’s pregnant, to her delight. She hasn’t told Nakagawa yet. Nobue stuns her by saying she expects her next life to be through her child. She also suggests that the young family stay with an uncle in the country after their baby is born for their health. To Mariko’s dismay, Nishyama is consumed by work. The Prime Minister rushes a food rationing policy into effect, setting off violent protests. Many Tokyo citizens attempt to flee the city in anticipation of rioting. Tempers flare amidst miles of stopped traffic as Nagakawa snaps photos. One reckless driver tries forcing his way through the other cars; when he crashes, his exploding car sets off a chain reaction, killing thousands in a highway conflagration.
Hundreds of hopeless young people with painted faces and colorful, flowing outfits sail boats into open water with the intent to die by suicide. Others drive motorcycles off cliffs en masse. Nakagawa documents the anticipated riots in Tokyo as the Cabinet meets. The Prime Minister refuses to call out the JSDF, preferring to wait until the panic over food subsides. The rioters storm into warehouses and grocery stores, taking everything they can carry.
Nishiyama visits a dying Nobue, who is looking forward to the next life but sorrowful over the country’s rapid disintegration. He assuages her guilt at leaving him behind; she dies as he clutches her hand. Nagakawa arrives moments later. On a Tokyo roof, they watch in amazement as the world turns green and a mirror image of the city appears in the sky, which Nishiyama explains is caused by smog in the atmosphere. After absorbing the blow of her mother’s death, Mariko tells Nagakawa about their child. He’s both excited and frightened, and they frolic on the beach.
Nishiyama warns the National Diet that one more disaster could bring about the end of Japan, such as a powerful earthquake striking the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. He further cautions that ongoing atomic testing, racial divisions, and food shortages could set off a global nuclear war. In his scenario, Moscow, New York City, London, Paris, and Tokyo are all obliterated. Automated launches ensure that the missiles keep flying even after every soldier in the silos is dead. Humanity is now gone in any recognizable form, but life persists on Earth. In the barren ruins of Tokyo, two deformed humanoids fight over a snake. He urges the Prime Minister to do all he can to prevent such a catastrophe. In a passionate speech, the Prime Minister vows to make Japan an example the rest of the world can look to for inspiration, asking for the population’s support in this for the sake of future generations. He receives great applause. A hopeful Nishiyama walks away from the Diet Building with Mariko and Nakagawa.
Staff
- Main article: Prophecies of Nostradamus/Credits.
Staff role on the left, staff member's name on the right.
- Directed by Toshio Masuda
- Associate director Yoshimitsu Banno
- Written by Toshio Masuda, Yoshimitsu Banno
- From the screenplay for The Last War by Toshio Yasumi
- Based on the novel by Tsutomu Goto
- Inspired by the writings of Michel de Nostredame
- Executive producers Tomoyuki Tanaka, Osamu Tanaka
- Music by Isao Tomita
- Cinematography by Rokuro Nishigaki, Kaoru Washio
- Edited by Nobuo Ogawa
- Production design by Yoshiro Muraki
- First assistant director Fumisuke Okada
- Director of special effects Teruyoshi Nakano
- First assistant director of special effects Koichi Kawakita
Cast
Actor's name on the left, character played on the right.
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International English dub
- Matthew Oram as Dr. Nishiyama / botanist / "Country A" delegate[a] / leader in crowd
- Linda Masson as Mariko Nishiyama
- Barry Haigh as Akira Nakagawa / zoologist / Akira’s brother / policeman / Kazuo Ota, TV newscaster / New Guinea expedition surveyor / Prime Minister Kuroki
- Tony Moore as hospital director / chief cabinet secretary / scholar / "Country A" delegate[b] / New Guinea expedition member
- Michael Ross as director general of environment agency / Dr. Wilson / One
- Carolyn Levine as Katsuko Nakagawa, Akira's mother / voice of Nostradamus's prophecies / Nobue Nishiyama
U.S. version
- Jack Ryland as narrator
- Riley Jackson as sportscaster on radio / leader in crowd
Appearances
Monsters |
Weapons, vehicles, and races |
Gallery
- Main article: Prophecies of Nostradamus/Gallery.
Soundtrack
- Main article: Prophecies of Nostradamus/Soundtrack.
Production
Prophecies of Nostradamus was based on the first of 10 books about Nostradamus by Tsutomu Goto. He first became interested in the physicist following the Apollo 11 Moon landing, which Quatrain 9-85 appeared to have predicted.[2] Published during the 1973 oil crisis, Goto's novel The Great Prophecies of Nostradamus became a bestseller. The script for Prophecies of Nostradamus was written by Yoshimitsu Banno and Toshio Masuda from a Shibuya hotel in about 10 days, though Masuda was not present for the full duration.[3] Toshio Yasumi is given full credit as the movie's writer, however, with Banno and Masuda credited for "adaptation"; the credits do not clarify that Yasumi's credit was for his work on the earlier 1961 movie The Last War, which also featured a nuclear war with a sick mother as an emotional anchor.[4] Prophecies of Nostradamus also incorporated a significant amount of stock footage from The Last War.
As associate director, Banno was responsible for most of the New Guinea sequence. A Toho soundstage was damaged in a fire caused by one of the special effects scenes, with the ruined props including the original Moguera suit.[5]
Alternate titles
- The Great Prophecies of Nostradamus (literal Japanese title)
- PROPHECIES OF NOSTRADAMUS (Catastrophe-1999) (on-screen international English title)
- The Last Days of Planet Earth (United States)
- Nostradamus' End of the World: 2000 (Fin Du Monde Nostradamus - An 2000; France)
- Catastrophe (Catastrofe; Italy)
- The Prophecy of Nostradamus World Disaster in 1999? (Die Prophezeiung des Nostradamus Weltkatastrophe 1999?; West Germany)
- The End of the World: The Prophecies of Nostradamus Fulfilled! (El Fin del Mundo ¡Las Profecías de Nostradamus se Cumplen!; Mexico)
- The End of the World According to Nostradamus (O Fim do Mundo Segundo Nostradamus; Brazil)
- Catastrophe - Prophecies of Nostradamus (Catástrofe - Profecias de Nostradamus; Brazilian video title)
- The Last Days of the World (Verdens Sidste Dage; Denmark)
Theatrical releases
- Japan - August 3, 1974 [view poster]
- France - September 25, 1974 [view poster]
- West Germany - May 22, 1975 [view poster]
- Brazil - September 29, 1975 [view poster]
- Mexico [view poster]
Foreign releases
Toho's export version of the film reduced the film's runtime to 89 minutes. An English dub was recorded in Hong Kong by Matthew Oram's company. This version was released on VHS in Denmark by Panorama Video under the title Verdens Sidste Dage ("The Last Days of the World").
The many alterations made to the film include:
- The pre-title sequence, set in 1853 and during World War II, which establishes the persecution of the Nishiyama family for its belief in Nostradamus' prophecies, is removed.
- The Nishiyama family's dinner with Akira is much longer in the Japanese version. The deleted portions of this sequence include further discussion of the famine in Africa and of harmful chemical preservatives in Japan's food supply, which Dr. Nishiyama states was warned of in Nostradamus' prophecies. He also asks Mariko and Akira to consider settling down together and starting a family. Meanwhile, Nobue takes a phone call off-screen; when she returns, it's revealed that yakuza, associated with the factory Dr. Nishiyama had been investigating, have been making threats against his family.
- The export version entirely deletes a minor subplot involving Kida, one of Dr. Nishiyama's associates, whose daughter is expecting a baby. The child dies at birth, succumbing to severe genetic defects caused by pollution. Nishiyama goes to the hospital to pay his respects to the family, which prompts an emotional outburst from Kida.
- Also at the hospital, in another scene deleted for the export version, Nishiyama is introduced to a family with a young daughter suffering from the pollution-related illness. A followup scene, in which Nishiyama convinces the family to move to the country, and in which he receives another call from the yakuza, is likewise deleted.
- The sequence depicting the "Nature, Mankind, and the Future" panel is trimmed to remove a comment from a concerned woman, as well as Nishiyama's rebuttal.
- A montage juxtaposing strange events with everyday life in Shikoku is removed.
- The scene where Nobue dies is extensively trimmed, removing much of her last conversation with her husband.
- The export version removes the Prime Minister's stirring plea to Japan to reverse course before it's too late to save the world. It instead cuts from Nishiyama sitting down following his speech to the final exterior shot of the National Diet Building.
The controversial shots that had been deleted for later Japanese theatrical exhibitions were dubbed into English and are present in the export version.
U.S. release
A Japanese version of Prophecies of Nostradamus was exhibited at Japanese-language theaters in certain U.S. cities in 1979 and 1980.
In 1980, UPA acquired the rights to distribute the film on television and home video. Although primarily based on Toho's export version, UPA's cut, titled The Last Days of Planet Earth, removes some footage from that version while also adding back in several shots from the Japanese version. The Last Days of Planet Earth was released on VHS and LaserDisc in 1995 through Paramount.[5] This remains the only legitimate home media release of the film in the United States.
UPA made the following changes to its version of the film:
- As in the Japanese version, a female narrator periodically recites Nostradamus' prophecies throughout the English export version. This has been expunged in The Last Days of Planet Earth in favor of a more expository narration by Jack Ryland. Some scenes which originally played with the prophetic recitation are now sans narration, while much more footage that hadn't included any voiceover now does. Ryland's narration also helps bridge the many alterations made by UPA's uncredited editor. Furthermore, narration is heard more frequently in The Last Days of Planet Earth than in Toho's export version.
- Footage from the Japanese version's prologue has been reinstated, without its original dialogue, now repurposed to focus on Nostradamus' predictions instead of the Nishiyama family's history. A closeup of Gengaku Nishiyama is apparently supposed to represent Nostradamus.
- Some of the documentary footage of the People's Republic of China, originally under the opening credits, was moved to the new prologue sequence. UPA padded its prologue with World War II footage, apparently from stock sources.
- UPA filmed an insert shot of the Gibberellin (albeit misspelled "Giberellon") growth diagram with English text.
- In the same scene, footage in Dr. Nishiyama's lab has been shuffled to delete the line "It would mean the genocide of the entire Japanese people."
- Mariko and Akira's reunion at the former's ballet class has been deleted. Some shots of the ballet students would be recycled at this version's concluding montage.
- UPA removed Akira's recollection of the suffering he witnessed in his trip to Africa, which included shots of severely emaciated people and dead animals.
- UPA's version cuts several expository shots of Japanese signs.
- During dinner, Mariko's quip that Akira is "as hungry as a starving African" was removed.
- The lovemaking scene between Akira and Mariko is mostly left intact, save for cropping to prevent showing Mariko's nipple. A short exchange of dialogue at the end of this scene was trimmed and replaced with a recycled shot of the ocean.
- Three shots from the subplot involving Kida's ill-fated grandchild, which had been cut from the export version, are reinstated in this version, albeit presented without context. As these scenes hadn't been dubbed, only shots originally without (or with minimal) dialogue are used. A Nishiyama line from the previous scene has been recycled here, as if the audience is hearing his thoughts.
- In line with the aforementioned deleted Japanese signage, UPA's version deletes several expository shots of newspaper headlines. In the place of the headline announcing the New Guinea expedition is newly-shot footage of an electric typewriter printing a press release.
- Before leaving for New Guinea, Nishiyama asks Ihara to lend One his lighter, as One can't get his to work. UPA's version deletes some dialogue in this bit and instead repeats the shot of One fumbling with his lighter.
- The montage of events occurring in Shikoku, deleted in the export version, was reinstated by UPA. Two folk songs heard in this sequence are left untranslated.
- UPA deleted a shot of one of the dead Giant Bats.
- In the medical tent in New Guinea, Nishiyama examines a lighter that Akira had found. As a flashback, UPA reinserts the shot of One failing to light his cigarette and Nishiyama's line, "Fire is most important in the jungle," before cutting back to the New Guinea sequence.
- The lead-up to the natives' attack is toned down in UPA's version, with less footage of the party members arming themselves and inspecting the perimeter of the camp. Likewise, UPA cut the entire controversial sequence in the tent in which two mutated natives cannibalize Frank.
- Beginning with the shot of the natives leaping out of trees at the research expedition, UPA mirrors the image along its vertical axis. The film remains mirrored for roughly 15 minutes in UPA's version before returning to the footage's normal orientation.
- A gruesome shot of flesh sliding off the arm of one of the zombified research party members is deleted.
- During a press conference, Nishiyama receives a call about his wife's worsened condition. In the Japanese and export versions, it's unclear until the end of the scene that it had been Mariko on the other line. Because of an error in the dubbed dialogue, however, the export version makes it at first seem that Nishiyama is speaking to someone else. UPA's version fixes this by shuffling some of the footage to include a shot of Mariko on the phone during the call and deleting the line in which Nishiyama refers to Mariko's mother as "his wife." The concluding shot of Mariko in this scene ends the long sequence of mirrored footage.
- UPA deleted a shot of a young boy standing naked and unattended in a public fountain, occurring in the background of a shot of the youths doing drugs. Inserted in its place are two incongruous shots of the freeway on fire, recycled from an earlier sequence.
- The "regatta of death" scene is reworked to remove a few shots of Japanese language printed on flags. Additionally, a radio broadcast of this event, as heard in the export version, has been replaced with a new broadcast recorded specifically for the U.S. version.
- Nobue's final moments are further reworked from the export version. UPA deleted Nishiyama's line, "Are you any better?" The scene now ends before Akira enters.
- Footage is once again flipped, this time for roughly three and a half minutes, beginning with Nobue's final scene and ending on a shot of the rioters pointing up at the city's reflection in the sky.
- One scene of the lead rioter urging the others to storm the food storage facility is re-dubbed in UPA's version to avoid using narration from the export version.
- UPA trimmed the scene in which Mariko tells Akira she's pregnant, ending as he chases after her.
- During the speculative end of the world scenario sequence, UPA cut a series of shots depicting nuclear missiles launched from an already-annihilated base.
- A shot of a Soft-bodied Human biting into a snake is removed.
- Following Nishiyama's speech, UPA inserted a montage during which the narrator covers much of the same material as the Prime Minister's speech in the Japanese version. Footage juxtaposing peaceful life in Japan, sourced from various scenes mostly from the Japanese version of the film, is juxtaposed with footage of disaster and destruction, some of which had already been used in the film.
- The final shot in UPA's version is of a mushroom cloud, recycled from the end of the world scenario, whereas both Toho versions end on the shot of Nishiyama, Mariko, and Akira walking away from the Diet Building.
Unmade sequel
Tomoyuki Tanaka proposed a sequel for the film in 1974, the year of the film's theatrical premiere, aimed for a 1975 release. The proposed sequel was tentatively titled Prophecies of Nostradamus II: The Great King of Terror (ノストラダムスの大予言II 恐怖の大魔王, and would follow the character Tsutomu Goto (named after the author of the novel upon which the first film was based) as he attempts to contact the spirit of Michel de Nostredame in order to avert the impending end of the world. Nosutoradamusu no Daiyogen Tsū Kyōfu no Dai Maō)[6]
Videos
Trailers
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Miscellaneous
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Trivia
- Prophecies of Nostradamus was released theatrically in Japan on a double bill with Lupin the Third: Strange Psychokinetic Strategy.[1][7]
- While the film was still in release, various anti-nuclear and atomic bomb survivor advocate groups filed a complaint to the Eirin Board, which was in charge of censoring films in Japan. They protested that the scenes depicting the mutant humans created by nuclear fallout were offensive toward the hibakusha (the survivors of the atomic bombings). In response, Toho cut several minutes of footage from the film and added dialogue to humanize the mutants. Following a 1980 Japanese television broadcast of the uncut version, Toho placed the film under a self-imposed studio ban which continues to this day.[5]
- On July 25, 1974, Fuji TV aired an hour-long special about the film during its "Thursday Report" block, entitled (Secret) Prophecies of Nostradamus (㊙ノストラダムスの大予言. It featured several prophets and experts on meteorology and food ecology giving their respective takes on the 1999 apocalypse that Nostradamus predicted. Performers Hiroshi Itsuki, Shizue Abe and Linda Yamamoto appeared in the special, as well as the film's stars Tetsuro Tamba, Yoko Tsukasa, Toshio Kurosawa, and Kaoru Yumi. Hi Nosutoradamusu no Daiyogen)[1]
- This film depicts the destruction of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, which was the site of a real-life nuclear disaster following the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami.
- Many special effect shots from the finale of The Last War are used for scenes showing the nuclear war at the film's climax.
- The film's Italian poster and opening credits list several actors who do not appear in any version of the film. These same actors are also credited in the French opening credits.
External links
Notes
References
This is a list of references for Prophecies of Nostradamus. These citations are used to identify the reliable sources on which this article is based. These references appear inside articles in the form of superscript numbers, which look like this: [1]
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