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John Balliol pays homage to Edward I of England
JOHN Balliol, son of Sir JOHN de Balliol of Barnard Castle, co Durham & his wife Devorguilla of Galloway ([1250]-in France [4 Mar 1314/4 Jan 1315],.bur [Church of St Waast, Normandy]). The Annales Londonienses name "Johan de Baillol" as son of "la secunde fille Aleyne, Devergoille"[829]. His birth date is estimated from a writ after the death of his mother "Lady Dervergulla de Balliolo", dated "4 Feb 18 Edw I", and later inquisitions which name "John de Balliolo her son, aged 40 at the feast of St Michael last…her…heir"[830]. He succeeded his brother in [1278] as Lord of Bywell, co. Northumberland and Barnard's Castle, co. Durham. He was a claimant to the throne of Scotland in 1291, 11th in order on the Great Roll of Scotland. The special court appointed in Aug 1291 to select the new ruler found in favour of John Balliol in its final judgment 17 Nov 1292[831]. He was crowned 30 Nov 1292 as JOHN King of Scotland at Scone Abbey, Perthshire: John of Fordun´s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records the coronation 30 Nov 1292 "apud Sconam" of "Johannes de Balliolo" and that he swore homage to Edward I King of England "in sequenti festo Sancti Stephani apud Novum-castrum"[832]. He forfeited the Barony of Biwell in 1295[833]. In 1295, he was replaced as head of the Scottish government by the Council of Twelve, and 5 Apr 1296 King John formally renounced his homage to Edward I King of England[834]. King Edward marched into Scotland and King John submitted, abdicating his throne 10/11 Jul 1296 at Brechin. He was kept a prisoner in England (in the Tower of London) for about three years, then went to France.
m (before 7 Feb 1281) ISABEL de Warenne, daughter of JOHN de Warenne 7th Earl of Surrey & his wife Alix de Lusignan (1253-). The Chronicle of Thomas Wykes records the marriage “infra octavus Purificationis” in 1279 of “Johannes de Balhol” and “adolescentulam Isabellam filiam comitis Warennæ”[835]. A charter dated 27 Mar 1281 records a grant of property by "Dervergulla de Balliol" to "her son John de Balliol and the king´s cousin Isabella daughter of Earl Warrenne his wife"[836].
King John & his wife had at least two children.
The House of Balliol
The death of the last surviving heir of Alexander III occasioned the Scottish Wars of Independence. During what has come to be known as the First Interregnum, one of the claimants to Scotland's disputed throne was John Balliol, who had the prior herediary claim being descended from Margaret, eldest daughter of David, the grandson of David I.
King John Balliol was placed on the Scottish throne by Edward I of England, intended as a puppet king, with himself controlling the strings. The short lived and unpopular Balliol dynasty was replaced by the House of Bruce on the abdication of King John, it was briefly reinstated with English aid in the person of John's son, Edward Balliol who reigned 1332-36 before the House of Bruce took back Scotland's throne.
Sources:
- personne, famille : N de Meyrignac (stirnet.com, 26i2008), J-P de Palmas (FMG) 6 v 2011
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