Josh Maiyo's interdisciplinary research and teaching interests cover the broad areas of the Political Ecology of Development, Comparative (African) Politics, and the Politics of China-Africa relations.
This training manual is an output of ‘Grounded Legitimacy ‐ Strengthening local land registration... more This training manual is an output of ‘Grounded Legitimacy ‐ Strengthening local land registration in conflict‐affected northern Uganda’, a project of the Centre for International Conflict Analysis & Management (CICAM), Institute for Management Research, Radboud University Nijmegen and ZOA Netherlands, in collaboration with ZOA Uganda and GIZ‐RELAPU Uganda. This project explored how the Ugandan state legitimizes itself through decentralized land governance, and how interventions by development organizations to support local land registration feed into the legitimacy of the Ugandan state, as well as that of customary authorities. The project included ethnographic fieldwork in Nwoya and Soroti Districts of Uganda on the dynamics of legitimation around land governance and how development interventions feed into these. It also included a series of workshops that explored how development practitioners in northern Uganda actually strategize around legitimacy. This training programme builds on the experiences of these trainings, and includes examples from our own field‐research. The fieldwork also inspired the story lines for the video‐clips.
Transnational land deals, agrarian change and land governance in Central Uganda
The global outbreak of the food and financial crisis in 2008 is widely understood to have generat... more The global outbreak of the food and financial crisis in 2008 is widely understood to have generated an exponential rise in foreign commercial interest in, and acquisitions of arable land in developing countries, particularly in Africa. The escalation of foreign land acquisitions generated a high level of public attention ¬¬on what came to be known as the global land-grab. The associated rise in global debates initially drew on anecdotal media reports highlighting potentially adverse socio-political and environmental consequences. However empirical evidence and detailed knowledge about the actual characteristics, processes, and effects of transnational land deals at the local level remained scant. The rationale for this research was in part, designed to address some of the glaring gaps that persisted in the initial stages of the land-grab debate including questions as to whether the phenomenon was more hype than reality: Under what circumstances and in what ways did these land deals occur? What were their characteristics and how did they unfold at the local level? Who were the principle actors involved and what were their roles? Ultimately, what were the effects of these land deals? Many studies have since explored these questions from various perspectives and this book seeks to add to the growing body of knowledge on the multi-dimensional complexity of process and location-specific dynamics of transnational land deals. Based on multisited ethnographic research spanning a period of five years, this book examines historical and contemporary trajectories of socio-political relations about land in Central Uganda. It argues that transnational land deals are embedded within long-term historical processes of ethno-political social formations and post-colonial state building, contemporary patterns of decentralised (land) governance, and developmentalist processes of agrarian modernization. Using a comparative interdisciplinary study of Chinese, Norwegian, and Indian owned farms in Nakaseke District in Central Uganda, this research explores the role of contextual socio-economic factors such as conflict, poverty and vulnerability, the political economy of state-society relations and elite use of discourses of legitimation for land control, and the role of patronage in stakeholder relations that shape process of inclusion and exclusion that (re)produce unequal distribution of the outcomes of land deals at the local level. Drawing on dominant discourses depicting transnational land deals as defining a new era of increased foreign direct investment (FDI) in Africa’s hitherto neglected agriculture sector, and those that see in it the dominant power of transnational capital in the globalization of local commons through adverse incorporation and dispossession, this book presents a rich and detailed empirical basis upon which to explore critical discourses, understand everyday practices, and question broader policy choices about the possibilities and differentiated effects of contemporary land reforms, agrarian change and rural development in Central Uganda.
The continued prevalence of deadly conflicts resulting in atrocities and crimes against humanity ... more The continued prevalence of deadly conflicts resulting in atrocities and crimes against humanity bring to sharp contrast the competing demands of justice and the interests of conflict resolution and peace building. While contemporary transitional justice deals with questions of impunity in post conflict situations, this book examines the suitability of international justice for conflict resolution. This critique is situated in the historical development and rise to prominence of international humanitarian law and human rights conventions. It critiques the consequences of pursuing justice in on going conflicts and scrutinizes the competing interests of the punitive and retributive approach to contemporary international justice leading to prosecution, against a conflict resolution approach that favours political considerations for peace and security that may require engagement with perpetrators of war crimes in order to secure peace. The balance between peace and justice is the more difficult to strike in the context of an on going conflict such as Northern Uganda's where the pursuit of justice by the ICC risks exacerbating the conflict and diminishing the prospects for peace.
"Intra-party democracy is an element of participatory democracy that is widely perceived as being... more "Intra-party democracy is an element of participatory democracy that is widely perceived as being necessary for the development of a democratic culture in the wider society. This book examines the state of internal party democracy in East Africa with specific reference to how processes of institutionalisation, inclusiveness and (de)centralisation influence levels of participatory democracy.
While debate continues on exactly how much internal democracy is good for political party effectiveness, there is some consensus on its usefulness in increasing participatory democracy in the wider society. The discussion draws on normative political theory developed largely from studies of political parties in western democracies.
This book seeks to determine if and to what extent these models are adequate for the study and analysis of African political parties and party systems. It concludes that whereas intra-party democracy is a desirable ideal, African political parties are products of distinct socio-economic and historical circumstances to which existing models do not fit wholly and need to be reviewed."
Fostering legitimate authority has become a priority of the international peacebuilding and devel... more Fostering legitimate authority has become a priority of the international peacebuilding and development community, notably in fragile states and conflict-affected settings. Yet, how peacebuilding and development interventions feed into legitimation practices of public authorities remains underexplored, let alone how interveners can strategize on this. Analysis of programs to support land registration in Northern Uganda brings out how interventions not just enhance the legitimacy of targeted authorities. Often unintentionally, they impact on struggles for legitimacy between different state and nonstate authorities and change their relative legitimacy. They do so by redistributing land governance roles and responsibilities; stimulating certain practices of land governance; and contributing to the discussion on legitimacy assessments. The conclusion argues for more sensitivity to legitimation effects of peacebuilding and development interventions.
Fostering legitimate authority has become a priority of the international peacebuilding and devel... more Fostering legitimate authority has become a priority of the international peacebuilding and development community, notably in fragile states and conflict-affected settings. Yet, how peacebuilding and development interventions feed into legitimation practices of public authorities remains underexplored, let alone how interveners can strategize on this. Analysis of programs to support land registration in Northern Uganda brings out how interventions not just enhance the legitimacy of targeted authorities. Often unintentionally, they impact on struggles for legitimacy between different state and nonstate authorities and change their relative legitimacy. They do so by redistributing land governance roles and responsibilities; stimulating certain practices of land governance; and contributing to the discussion on legitimacy assessments. The conclusion argues for more sensitivity to legitimation effects of peacebuilding and development interventions.
The continued prevalence of deadly conflicts resulting in atrocities and crimes against humanity ... more The continued prevalence of deadly conflicts resulting in atrocities and crimes against humanity bring to sharp contrast the competing demands of justice and the interests of conflict resolution and peace building. While contemporary transitional justice deals with questions of impunity in post conflict situations, this book examines the suitability of international justice for conflict resolution. This critique is situated in the historical development and rise to prominence of international humanitarian law and human rights conventions. It critiques the consequences of pursuing justice in on going conflicts and scrutinizes the competing interests of the punitive and retributive approach to contemporary international justice leading to prosecution, against a conflict resolution approach that favours political considerations for peace and security that may require engagement with perpetrators of war crimes in order to secure peace. The balance between peace and justice is the more d...
ABSTRACT Intra-party democracy is an element of participatory democracy that is widely perceived ... more ABSTRACT Intra-party democracy is an element of participatory democracy that is widely perceived as being necessary for the development of a democratic culture in the wider society. This book examines the state of internal party democracy in East Africa with specific reference to how processes of institutionalisation, inclusiveness and (de)centralisation influence levels of participatory democracy. While debate continues on exactly how much internal democracy is good for political party effectiveness, there is some consensus on its usefulness in increasing participatory democracy in the wider society. The discussion draws on normative political theory developed largely from studies of political parties in western democracies. This paper seeks to determine if and to what extent these models are adequate for the study and analysis of African political parties and party systems. It concludes that whereas intra-party democracy is a desirable ideal, African political parties are products of distinct socio-economic and historical circumstances to which existing models do not fit wholly and need to be reviewed.
The surge in international interest in and acquisitions of African farmland has received consider... more The surge in international interest in and acquisitions of African farmland has received considerable attention in the last decade. An equally growing body of research has attempted to explore explanatory pathways, or drivers of the phenomenon from both a local and global perspectives. But how do these land deals actually occur? There is still insufficient understanding of the strategies of access and processes of acquisition deployed by transnational actors. Using findings from five years of empirical research in central Uganda on Chinese, Indian and Norwegian-owned farms, this paper analyses the discourses and practices of land acquisition deployed by transnational investors and examines how these strategies shape the process and determine the outcomes of land deals at the local level. Findings show that investors construct multiple narratives at various times and selectively deploy them in pursuit of specific interests. Careful alignment with global developmental thinking designed to attract funding and synchronizing with local policy priorities to attain access show mixed results. Cultivation of local patronage networks are predominant pathways of access, but these are fraught with risks occasioned by socio-political heterogeneity and shifting power relations across multiple levels. I argue that the identity and experiences of the investors, and their dexterity in navigating the complex diversity of local contexts are important factors that shape the processes and outcomes of transnational land deals at the local level.
In the Acholi and Teso (sub)regions of northern Uganda, state legitimacy is highly contested. Wea... more In the Acholi and Teso (sub)regions of northern Uganda, state legitimacy is highly contested. Weak governance structures, tensions between customary and statutory authorities and the rules they apply, as well as the legacy of a North‐South divide originating in colonial times, create a situation in which state and non‐state actors compete for legitimacy. The complexity of ‘legitimacy’ strongly manifests itself around land governance. How authorities deal with land issues has important consequences for citizens’ appreciation and acceptance of state power.
The rise of an international consensus against impunity for crimes against humanity culminating i... more The rise of an international consensus against impunity for crimes against humanity culminating in the creation of the International Criminal Court has been hailed as a great success for international justice and human rights. This apparent triumph of Kantian neo-liberal idealism that promotes respect for individual rights, the erosion of state sovereignty in favour of universal jurisdiction belies the hegemony of the realist global order and the on-going tussle between the two ideologies for the domination of global politics and conduct ...
This training manual is an output of ‘Grounded Legitimacy ‐ Strengthening local land registration... more This training manual is an output of ‘Grounded Legitimacy ‐ Strengthening local land registration in conflict‐affected northern Uganda’, a project of the Centre for International Conflict Analysis & Management (CICAM), Institute for Management Research, Radboud University Nijmegen and ZOA Netherlands, in collaboration with ZOA Uganda and GIZ‐RELAPU Uganda. This project explored how the Ugandan state legitimizes itself through decentralized land governance, and how interventions by development organizations to support local land registration feed into the legitimacy of the Ugandan state, as well as that of customary authorities. The project included ethnographic fieldwork in Nwoya and Soroti Districts of Uganda on the dynamics of legitimation around land governance and how development interventions feed into these. It also included a series of workshops that explored how development practitioners in northern Uganda actually strategize around legitimacy. This training programme builds on the experiences of these trainings, and includes examples from our own field‐research. The fieldwork also inspired the story lines for the video‐clips.
Transnational land deals, agrarian change and land governance in Central Uganda
The global outbreak of the food and financial crisis in 2008 is widely understood to have generat... more The global outbreak of the food and financial crisis in 2008 is widely understood to have generated an exponential rise in foreign commercial interest in, and acquisitions of arable land in developing countries, particularly in Africa. The escalation of foreign land acquisitions generated a high level of public attention ¬¬on what came to be known as the global land-grab. The associated rise in global debates initially drew on anecdotal media reports highlighting potentially adverse socio-political and environmental consequences. However empirical evidence and detailed knowledge about the actual characteristics, processes, and effects of transnational land deals at the local level remained scant. The rationale for this research was in part, designed to address some of the glaring gaps that persisted in the initial stages of the land-grab debate including questions as to whether the phenomenon was more hype than reality: Under what circumstances and in what ways did these land deals occur? What were their characteristics and how did they unfold at the local level? Who were the principle actors involved and what were their roles? Ultimately, what were the effects of these land deals? Many studies have since explored these questions from various perspectives and this book seeks to add to the growing body of knowledge on the multi-dimensional complexity of process and location-specific dynamics of transnational land deals. Based on multisited ethnographic research spanning a period of five years, this book examines historical and contemporary trajectories of socio-political relations about land in Central Uganda. It argues that transnational land deals are embedded within long-term historical processes of ethno-political social formations and post-colonial state building, contemporary patterns of decentralised (land) governance, and developmentalist processes of agrarian modernization. Using a comparative interdisciplinary study of Chinese, Norwegian, and Indian owned farms in Nakaseke District in Central Uganda, this research explores the role of contextual socio-economic factors such as conflict, poverty and vulnerability, the political economy of state-society relations and elite use of discourses of legitimation for land control, and the role of patronage in stakeholder relations that shape process of inclusion and exclusion that (re)produce unequal distribution of the outcomes of land deals at the local level. Drawing on dominant discourses depicting transnational land deals as defining a new era of increased foreign direct investment (FDI) in Africa’s hitherto neglected agriculture sector, and those that see in it the dominant power of transnational capital in the globalization of local commons through adverse incorporation and dispossession, this book presents a rich and detailed empirical basis upon which to explore critical discourses, understand everyday practices, and question broader policy choices about the possibilities and differentiated effects of contemporary land reforms, agrarian change and rural development in Central Uganda.
The continued prevalence of deadly conflicts resulting in atrocities and crimes against humanity ... more The continued prevalence of deadly conflicts resulting in atrocities and crimes against humanity bring to sharp contrast the competing demands of justice and the interests of conflict resolution and peace building. While contemporary transitional justice deals with questions of impunity in post conflict situations, this book examines the suitability of international justice for conflict resolution. This critique is situated in the historical development and rise to prominence of international humanitarian law and human rights conventions. It critiques the consequences of pursuing justice in on going conflicts and scrutinizes the competing interests of the punitive and retributive approach to contemporary international justice leading to prosecution, against a conflict resolution approach that favours political considerations for peace and security that may require engagement with perpetrators of war crimes in order to secure peace. The balance between peace and justice is the more difficult to strike in the context of an on going conflict such as Northern Uganda's where the pursuit of justice by the ICC risks exacerbating the conflict and diminishing the prospects for peace.
"Intra-party democracy is an element of participatory democracy that is widely perceived as being... more "Intra-party democracy is an element of participatory democracy that is widely perceived as being necessary for the development of a democratic culture in the wider society. This book examines the state of internal party democracy in East Africa with specific reference to how processes of institutionalisation, inclusiveness and (de)centralisation influence levels of participatory democracy.
While debate continues on exactly how much internal democracy is good for political party effectiveness, there is some consensus on its usefulness in increasing participatory democracy in the wider society. The discussion draws on normative political theory developed largely from studies of political parties in western democracies.
This book seeks to determine if and to what extent these models are adequate for the study and analysis of African political parties and party systems. It concludes that whereas intra-party democracy is a desirable ideal, African political parties are products of distinct socio-economic and historical circumstances to which existing models do not fit wholly and need to be reviewed."
Fostering legitimate authority has become a priority of the international peacebuilding and devel... more Fostering legitimate authority has become a priority of the international peacebuilding and development community, notably in fragile states and conflict-affected settings. Yet, how peacebuilding and development interventions feed into legitimation practices of public authorities remains underexplored, let alone how interveners can strategize on this. Analysis of programs to support land registration in Northern Uganda brings out how interventions not just enhance the legitimacy of targeted authorities. Often unintentionally, they impact on struggles for legitimacy between different state and nonstate authorities and change their relative legitimacy. They do so by redistributing land governance roles and responsibilities; stimulating certain practices of land governance; and contributing to the discussion on legitimacy assessments. The conclusion argues for more sensitivity to legitimation effects of peacebuilding and development interventions.
Fostering legitimate authority has become a priority of the international peacebuilding and devel... more Fostering legitimate authority has become a priority of the international peacebuilding and development community, notably in fragile states and conflict-affected settings. Yet, how peacebuilding and development interventions feed into legitimation practices of public authorities remains underexplored, let alone how interveners can strategize on this. Analysis of programs to support land registration in Northern Uganda brings out how interventions not just enhance the legitimacy of targeted authorities. Often unintentionally, they impact on struggles for legitimacy between different state and nonstate authorities and change their relative legitimacy. They do so by redistributing land governance roles and responsibilities; stimulating certain practices of land governance; and contributing to the discussion on legitimacy assessments. The conclusion argues for more sensitivity to legitimation effects of peacebuilding and development interventions.
The continued prevalence of deadly conflicts resulting in atrocities and crimes against humanity ... more The continued prevalence of deadly conflicts resulting in atrocities and crimes against humanity bring to sharp contrast the competing demands of justice and the interests of conflict resolution and peace building. While contemporary transitional justice deals with questions of impunity in post conflict situations, this book examines the suitability of international justice for conflict resolution. This critique is situated in the historical development and rise to prominence of international humanitarian law and human rights conventions. It critiques the consequences of pursuing justice in on going conflicts and scrutinizes the competing interests of the punitive and retributive approach to contemporary international justice leading to prosecution, against a conflict resolution approach that favours political considerations for peace and security that may require engagement with perpetrators of war crimes in order to secure peace. The balance between peace and justice is the more d...
ABSTRACT Intra-party democracy is an element of participatory democracy that is widely perceived ... more ABSTRACT Intra-party democracy is an element of participatory democracy that is widely perceived as being necessary for the development of a democratic culture in the wider society. This book examines the state of internal party democracy in East Africa with specific reference to how processes of institutionalisation, inclusiveness and (de)centralisation influence levels of participatory democracy. While debate continues on exactly how much internal democracy is good for political party effectiveness, there is some consensus on its usefulness in increasing participatory democracy in the wider society. The discussion draws on normative political theory developed largely from studies of political parties in western democracies. This paper seeks to determine if and to what extent these models are adequate for the study and analysis of African political parties and party systems. It concludes that whereas intra-party democracy is a desirable ideal, African political parties are products of distinct socio-economic and historical circumstances to which existing models do not fit wholly and need to be reviewed.
The surge in international interest in and acquisitions of African farmland has received consider... more The surge in international interest in and acquisitions of African farmland has received considerable attention in the last decade. An equally growing body of research has attempted to explore explanatory pathways, or drivers of the phenomenon from both a local and global perspectives. But how do these land deals actually occur? There is still insufficient understanding of the strategies of access and processes of acquisition deployed by transnational actors. Using findings from five years of empirical research in central Uganda on Chinese, Indian and Norwegian-owned farms, this paper analyses the discourses and practices of land acquisition deployed by transnational investors and examines how these strategies shape the process and determine the outcomes of land deals at the local level. Findings show that investors construct multiple narratives at various times and selectively deploy them in pursuit of specific interests. Careful alignment with global developmental thinking designed to attract funding and synchronizing with local policy priorities to attain access show mixed results. Cultivation of local patronage networks are predominant pathways of access, but these are fraught with risks occasioned by socio-political heterogeneity and shifting power relations across multiple levels. I argue that the identity and experiences of the investors, and their dexterity in navigating the complex diversity of local contexts are important factors that shape the processes and outcomes of transnational land deals at the local level.
In the Acholi and Teso (sub)regions of northern Uganda, state legitimacy is highly contested. Wea... more In the Acholi and Teso (sub)regions of northern Uganda, state legitimacy is highly contested. Weak governance structures, tensions between customary and statutory authorities and the rules they apply, as well as the legacy of a North‐South divide originating in colonial times, create a situation in which state and non‐state actors compete for legitimacy. The complexity of ‘legitimacy’ strongly manifests itself around land governance. How authorities deal with land issues has important consequences for citizens’ appreciation and acceptance of state power.
The rise of an international consensus against impunity for crimes against humanity culminating i... more The rise of an international consensus against impunity for crimes against humanity culminating in the creation of the International Criminal Court has been hailed as a great success for international justice and human rights. This apparent triumph of Kantian neo-liberal idealism that promotes respect for individual rights, the erosion of state sovereignty in favour of universal jurisdiction belies the hegemony of the realist global order and the on-going tussle between the two ideologies for the domination of global politics and conduct ...
Land relations and contestation over land control in Uganda are deeply embedded in socio-historic... more Land relations and contestation over land control in Uganda are deeply embedded in socio-historical struggles for legitimacy, identity, and belonging. While contemporary processes of land governance reform attempt to address increasing pressures on land with technocratic, administrative, and legal solutions, these approaches fail to take into consideration stakeholder dynamics underlying land claims. Within the context of rising volumes of transnational land acquisitions and corresponding increase in land-related conflicts, this research investigates the processes by which various actors seek to legitimise their claims over land at the local level. Drawing on empirical research into four transnational land deals in central Uganda, we examine everyday practices of claim-making through the study of discursive legitimation and stakeholder interactions. Land deals are thus conceptualised as ‘zones of intermediality’ where various claims are mediated at the intersection between references, practices, and discourses of local and external actors. We conclude that understanding patterns of stakeholder discourses and dynamics of interaction can provide critical insights into the role of claim-making in shaping practices and outcomes of land access and control. Keywords Claim-makingTransnational land dealsZones of intermedialityStakeholder relationsCentral Uganda
The project 'Grounded Legitimacy' explored how interventions in land governance by development or... more The project 'Grounded Legitimacy' explored how interventions in land governance by development organizations feed into the legitimacy of state and non-state public authorities, and how these development organizations may better take 'legitimacy' into account. This policy note presents key findings and their implications for policy makers.
3rd annual China-Africa Research Initiative (CARI) Conference, October 13 & 14, 2016 at the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS) in Washington DC., 2016
This paper seeks to examine the ways in which Chinese infrastructure engagement in Africa is view... more This paper seeks to examine the ways in which Chinese infrastructure engagement in Africa is viewed from the perspective of local policy makers and opinion leaders through an analysis of the media coverage of the on-going Chinese-funded and Chinese-built standard gauge railway in Kenya. The objective is to critically examine how such perceptions are generated, sustained, and transformed in space and time. The essence of the research is to portray the differentiated nature of such perceptions based on the diverse positions of various interest groups at the local level. In so doing, the research seeks to dispel some of the more dominant and homogenizing “myths” about China in Africa that are prevalent in contemporary Sino- Africa discourse and scholarship.
AEGIS CRG ‘Africa in the World – Rethinking Africa’s Global Connections’ Conference, 22-23 March 2018 Leiden, The Netherlands, 2018
The surge in international interest in and acquisitions of African farmland has received consider... more The surge in international interest in and acquisitions of African farmland has received considerable attention in the last decade. An equally growing body of research has attempted to explore explanatory pathways, or drivers of the phenomenon from both a local and global perspectives. But how do these land deals actually occur? There is still insufficient understanding of the strategies of access and processes of acquisition deployed by transnational actors. Using findings from five years of empirical research in central Uganda on Chinese, Indian and Norwegian-owned farms, this paper analyses the discourses and practices of land acquisition deployed by transnational investors and examines how these strategies shape the process and determine the outcomes of land deals at the local level. Findings show that investors construct multiple narratives at various times and selectively deploy them in pursuit of specific interests. Careful alignment with global developmental thinking designed to attract funding and synchronizing with local policy priorities to attain access show mixed results. Cultivation of local patronage networks are predominant pathways of access, but these are fraught with risks occasioned by socio-political heterogeneity and shifting power relations across multiple levels. I argue that the identity and experiences of the investors, and their dexterity in navigating the complex diversity of local contexts are important factors that shape the processes and outcomes of transnational land deals at the local level.
7th South African AIDS Conference (SA AIDS), 9-12 June 2015 in Durban, South Africa, 2015
The aim of this study was to examine how a positive HIV diagnosis or longer-term experiences of l... more The aim of this study was to examine how a positive HIV diagnosis or longer-term experiences of living with HIV influences gender identity and safer sex attitudes and practices among migrant Sub-Saharan African People Living with HIV (SSA-PLWH) in The Netherlands. Data collected from individual in-depth face-to-face interviews with 21 participants was subjected to Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) using qualitative coding with Atlas.ti. Results show that persisting traditional African gender norms and expectations interact with migrant socioeconomic conditions to generate hybrid perceptions about gender role-expectations. Specifically, HIV+ diagnosis shapes individual masculine and feminine identities around sexuality through changing perceptions on sexual (dis)function, desirability, and ability to fulfil expected sexual roles. These perceptions in-turn affect choices about disclosure, condom use, partner selection, and childbearing. We conclude that appropriate health interventions should be based on critical understanding of how intersectional interactions between traditional African gender norms, socioeconomic context of migration, and lived realities of HIV diagnosis generate new gender identities that shape attitudes towards safer sex.
14th European AIDS Conference (EACS) Oct 12-15, 2011 Belgrade, Serbia, 2011
Sub-Saharan African immigrants in the Netherlands account for higher levels of HIV diagnosis comp... more Sub-Saharan African immigrants in the Netherlands account for higher levels of HIV diagnosis compared to the general population, yet few interventions designed or adapted specifically for HIV-positive Sub-Saharans are available in the Netherlands. In order to develop appropriate interventions, it is important to gain a better understanding of their common sexual risk practices and factors that account for this. Using the PEN-3 conceptual model that centralizes culture in health intervention, the research was designed to gain a better understanding of the influence of culture on sexual risk behaviour of Sub-Saharan African people living with HIV (SSA-PLWH) in the Netherlands. The aim was to determine the influence of culturally rooted values, beliefs, and practices on safer sex practices. Qualitative data was obtained through four focus groups (FGDs) of members of migrant support groups of SSA-PLW. Data was processed and coded using the dimensions of the PEN-3 conceptual model. Results show that although there is high knowledge and positive attitudes towards safer sex, culturally determined gender roles, perceptions of stigma, fears of disclosure, and desire to have children and maintain families, influence actual choices and practices of safer sex among the participants.
Uploads
Books by Josh Maiyo
Based on multisited ethnographic research spanning a period of five years, this book examines historical and contemporary trajectories of socio-political relations about land in Central Uganda. It argues that transnational land deals are embedded within long-term historical processes of ethno-political social formations and post-colonial state building, contemporary patterns of decentralised (land) governance, and developmentalist processes of agrarian modernization. Using a comparative interdisciplinary study of Chinese, Norwegian, and Indian owned farms in Nakaseke District in Central Uganda, this research explores the role of contextual socio-economic factors such as conflict, poverty and vulnerability, the political economy of state-society relations and elite use of discourses of legitimation for land control, and the role of patronage in stakeholder relations that shape process of inclusion and exclusion that (re)produce unequal distribution of the outcomes of land deals at the local level.
Drawing on dominant discourses depicting transnational land deals as defining a new era of increased foreign direct investment (FDI) in Africa’s hitherto neglected agriculture sector, and those that see in it the dominant power of transnational capital in the globalization of local commons through adverse incorporation and dispossession, this book presents a rich and detailed empirical basis upon which to explore critical discourses, understand everyday practices, and question broader policy choices about the possibilities and differentiated effects of contemporary land reforms, agrarian change and rural development in Central Uganda.
This critique is situated in the historical development and rise to prominence of international humanitarian law and human rights conventions. It critiques the consequences of pursuing justice in on going conflicts and scrutinizes the competing interests of the punitive and retributive approach to contemporary international justice leading to prosecution, against a conflict resolution approach that favours political considerations for peace and security that may require engagement with perpetrators of war crimes in order to secure peace.
The balance between peace and justice is the more difficult to strike in the context of an on going conflict such as Northern Uganda's where the pursuit of justice by the ICC risks exacerbating the conflict and diminishing the prospects for peace.
While debate continues on exactly how much internal democracy is good for political party effectiveness, there is some consensus on its usefulness in increasing participatory democracy in the wider society. The discussion draws on normative political theory developed largely from studies of political parties in western democracies.
This book seeks to determine if and to what extent these models are adequate for the study and analysis of African political parties and party systems. It concludes that whereas intra-party democracy is a desirable ideal, African political parties are products of distinct socio-economic and historical circumstances to which existing models do not fit wholly and need to be reviewed."
Papers by Josh Maiyo
Based on multisited ethnographic research spanning a period of five years, this book examines historical and contemporary trajectories of socio-political relations about land in Central Uganda. It argues that transnational land deals are embedded within long-term historical processes of ethno-political social formations and post-colonial state building, contemporary patterns of decentralised (land) governance, and developmentalist processes of agrarian modernization. Using a comparative interdisciplinary study of Chinese, Norwegian, and Indian owned farms in Nakaseke District in Central Uganda, this research explores the role of contextual socio-economic factors such as conflict, poverty and vulnerability, the political economy of state-society relations and elite use of discourses of legitimation for land control, and the role of patronage in stakeholder relations that shape process of inclusion and exclusion that (re)produce unequal distribution of the outcomes of land deals at the local level.
Drawing on dominant discourses depicting transnational land deals as defining a new era of increased foreign direct investment (FDI) in Africa’s hitherto neglected agriculture sector, and those that see in it the dominant power of transnational capital in the globalization of local commons through adverse incorporation and dispossession, this book presents a rich and detailed empirical basis upon which to explore critical discourses, understand everyday practices, and question broader policy choices about the possibilities and differentiated effects of contemporary land reforms, agrarian change and rural development in Central Uganda.
This critique is situated in the historical development and rise to prominence of international humanitarian law and human rights conventions. It critiques the consequences of pursuing justice in on going conflicts and scrutinizes the competing interests of the punitive and retributive approach to contemporary international justice leading to prosecution, against a conflict resolution approach that favours political considerations for peace and security that may require engagement with perpetrators of war crimes in order to secure peace.
The balance between peace and justice is the more difficult to strike in the context of an on going conflict such as Northern Uganda's where the pursuit of justice by the ICC risks exacerbating the conflict and diminishing the prospects for peace.
While debate continues on exactly how much internal democracy is good for political party effectiveness, there is some consensus on its usefulness in increasing participatory democracy in the wider society. The discussion draws on normative political theory developed largely from studies of political parties in western democracies.
This book seeks to determine if and to what extent these models are adequate for the study and analysis of African political parties and party systems. It concludes that whereas intra-party democracy is a desirable ideal, African political parties are products of distinct socio-economic and historical circumstances to which existing models do not fit wholly and need to be reviewed."