Papers by Riski Titian Ginting
A simple and cost-effective fabrication process of a flexible-based inverse micro-cone array (i-M... more A simple and cost-effective fabrication process of a flexible-based inverse micro-cone array (i-MCA) structure textured on flexible transparent conductive electrodes (TCEs) was successfully demonstrated via a micro-imprinting process. The flexible i-MCA films exhibited an extremely high total transmittance of ∼93% and a haze of ∼95% with reduced reflectance while simultaneously demonstrating water-repellent properties. Introducing i-MCA on the illuminating side of organic solar cells (OSCs)-and perovskite solar cells-rigid glass substrate showed improved power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) due to the light trapping effect by multiple light bounces between cone array structures (forward scattering). This results in an increase of the optical path length in the photoactive layer. Similarly, flexible TCEs embedded with textured i-MCA increased the PCE by 14% for flexible OSCs. More importantly, i-MCA-TCE-based OSCs were highly flexible with 98% retention from the initial PCE at both 0° and at 60° even after 2000 bending cycles at a radius of 2 mm. This finding demonstrates that textured i-MCA is promising for improving: (a) the light harvesting efficiency of solar cells when installed in low-/high-latitude locations and (b) the wearable technology where a flexible device attached on curved objects could retain the PCE, even at an oblique angle, with respect to the normal incidence angle.
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In this study, a simple and cost-effective method of fabricating hybrid transparent conductive el... more In this study, a simple and cost-effective method of fabricating hybrid transparent conductive electrodes (TCEs) based on embedded silver nanowires (Ag NWs)/PEDOT: PSS was developed with the addition of low-temperature synthesis of Ni(OH) 2 and polyethylenimine ethoxylated (PEIE) composites as a novel interlayer. The hybrid TCEs with a Ni(OH) 2-PEIE interlayer exhibit remarkable volumetric capacitance of 443 F cm −3 with transparency of 86%, which is one of the highest values reported to date in the transparent supercapacitor. The fabricated bifunctional solid-state electrochromic-supercapacitor device with a transparency of 80% shows stable cyclic stability up to 10,000 charge/discharge cycles, extremely high coloration efficiency of 517 cm 2 C −1 at 633 nm, and a fast switching speed (< 0.6 s). The noted improvement is mainly caused by the Ni(OH) 2-PEIE interlayer influence the pore density of PEDOT: PSS which provides high surface area, thus resulting in efficient charge transfer pathways and fast ion diffusion. Moreover, a capacitance retention of 90% is achieved even after 8000 bending cycles at a bending radius of 1 mm and 15 times of crumpling is tolerated without noticeable degradation, implying excellent mechanical robustness and flexibility. The results present the significant potential of transparent hybrid electrodes for efficient energy storage and electrochromicity with stable trans-mittance changes, even during fast charge/discharge processes, demonstrating their potential as smart wearable energy storage devices.
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Methylammonium lead iodide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on a solution-processed ZnO electr... more Methylammonium lead iodide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on a solution-processed ZnO electron transporting layer were systematically investigated at low-temperature operating conditions. The power conversion efficiency gradually improved from 14.2% to 15.5% as the temperature decreased from 298 to 253 K, mainly owing to increments of short circuit current density and open circuit voltage. In addition, the improvements in photocurrent related to the high charge carrier mobility, owing to the ideal non-dispersive charge transport and fast electron transport lifetime at low temperature. Strikingly, hysteresis was suppressed with decreasing temperature related to the inhibition or relatively slow of ionic migration at reversed poling direction. This finding shows promising result of PSCs working efficiently under low temperature condition.
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Surface modification in nanostructures enables a thorough control on intrinsic properties, surfac... more Surface modification in nanostructures enables a thorough control on intrinsic properties, surface activity and enhancement of their usefulness in several device applications. The crystal growth and design in a low temperature regime (o 90 °C) has been intensively studied for the synthesis of highly crystalline nanostructures. In this paper, we demonstrated a novel two-step facile hydrothermal and air cooled hydrolysis method which tuned ZnO nanostructure from single nanorod to twin nanotube. A concise mechanism related to deformation twinning and self-selective phase etching on a-basal plane of ZnO is proposed and evidenced with the existence of (101) peaks under the increment of etching time. The diameter and the interspacing distance of adjacent nanorods were found to be linearly dependent on the etching time. A blue shift in the absorption edge of the synthetic ZnO samples reveals quantum confinement effect.
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Highly efficient and air-stable inverted organic solar cells (IOSCs) were fabricated from solutio... more Highly efficient and air-stable inverted organic solar cells (IOSCs) were fabricated from solution-processed non-conjugated polyethylenimine ethoxylated (PEIE) as the polyelectrolyte, a zinc oxide (ZnO) bilayer as the electron transport layer, and an active layer of thieno[3,4-b]thiophene/benzodithiophene (PTB7) and [6,6]-phenyl-C 71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC 71 BM). When compared to conventional ZnO thin film devices, the incorporation of ZnO with nano-ridge structures (ZnO-R) and large interfacial areas, in addition to low leakage currents, led to an enhancement in power conversion efficiency from 7.41% to 8.38%. Furthermore, the presence of a thin PEIE layer between ITO and ZnO-R not only suppressed the formation of an oxygen deficient state at the ZnO-R surface, but also improved charge carrier mobilities and prevented leakage currents. Consequently, a maximum (average) efficiency of 8.91% (8.86%) and superior air stability with approximately 65% of the initial efficiency being retained after 326 days of storage under ambient atmosphere were achieved.
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A simple low-temperature solution processed bismuth-doped ZnO nanorods (NRs) and poly(3-hexylthio... more A simple low-temperature solution processed bismuth-doped ZnO nanorods (NRs) and poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) were used as electron acceptor and donor, respectively, in a hybrid inorganic−organic photovoltaic system. Controlling Bi precursor concentration via solution processing (hydrothermal method) plays an important role in altering the morphology, structure, and intrinsic defects of ZnO NRs. Interstitial doping of Bi−Bi 2 O 3 into ZnO (BiZO) NRs results in simultaneous improvement of the open circuit voltage and short circuit current density primarily due to prolonged charge carrier recombination lifetime, increased donor−acceptor interfacial areas with efficient exciton dissociation, and charge carrier mobility. As a result, the power conversion efficiency of the 2 wt % BiZO NRs-P3HT device was significantly enhanced by 55% compared with that of the pristine device. Overall, our study highlighted the immense potential of BiZO NRs as an excellent electron acceptor for fabrication of hybrid optoelectronic devices.
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Papers by Riski Titian Ginting