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- Note: The sample is restricted to the urban and semi-urban municipalities with complete data. A municipality has relatively high (low) exports if its exports/(workers in year 2000) ratio is above (below) the median at municipality level. Figure 5. Correlation between the instrument and the endogenous variable a. In levels b. In differences Source: Elaboration based on customs data, population census and BACI. Note: The sample is restricted to the urban and semiurban municipalities with complete data.
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- Note: The sample is restricted to the urban and semiurban municipalities with complete data. 26 Figure 2. Trends in exports of goods and services in Mexico, 1990–2018 Source: Calculations based on World Development Indicators.
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- OLS IV 23 Table 8. Impact of Exports on Migration patterns a. Impact on the number of immigrants from other Mexican states or countries b. Impact on the number of immigrants from other Mexican states c. Impact on the number of immigrants from other countries d. Impact on the size of the working age population Note: Robust standard errors in parentheses. The dependent variable is the change from 2005 to 2015 for the group specified in the column header in: the number of residents who lived in another state of Mexico or abroad 5 years before (panel a); the number of residents who lived in another state of Mexico 5 years before (panel b); the number of residents who lived abroad 5 years before (panel c); the total working age population (aged 14-55) (panel d).
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- OLS IV IV (1) (2) (3) log (Predicted exports per worker ), change 1.152*** 1.104*** 1.069*** (0.154) (0.154) (0.154) Observations 1,982 1,982 1,982 F-statistic 56.06 51.38 47.94 Demographic and employment controls (year 2000) NO YES YES Median income control (year 2000) NO NO YES Notes: Robust standard errors in parentheses. *** p<0.01, ** p<0.05, * p<0.1. The dependent variable is the change in the log of exports-to-workers from 2004 to 2014. The explanatory variable is the change in the log of the predicted exports-to-workers from 2004 to 2014 (see equations (3), (4) and (5) in the main text). Demographic and employment controls include the proportion of rural population, the proportion of population aged 15 and more who are literate, total population, and the share of employment in the primary, secondary and tertiary sectors of economic activity (all variables in the year 2000).
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World Bank. 2019. Systematic Country Diagnostic: Mexico. Washington, DC: World Bank. 19 Tables Table 1. Descriptive statistics of the sample. Municipality averages Note: Labor force participation, employment and labor incomes as well as US migration and remittances in 2005 corresponds to the year 2000, while exports in 2005 refer to the year 2004. Similarly, US migration and remittances in 2015 corresponds to the year 2010, while exports in 2015 refer to the year 2014. Per capita incomes of each decile are expressed at 2014 prices, while average and total labor incomes are at 2015 prices (both deflated using the average National Consumer Price Index-base December 2010).