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- Notes: Elaboration on Eurostat data. Data cover the 28 EU Member States for a total of 1,321 NUTS-3 level regions. The five French Overseas Departments, and the Spanish extra-territorial autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla have been excluded à priori. The sample does not include 20 Polish regions for which data are not available. Time average of the regional yearly growth rate of GDP per capita over the period 2003-2017. Percentage values. The darker the shade, the higher the growth rate. 49 Table S11: Distribution of NUTS-3 regions and corresponding NUTS-2 regions.
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- Notes: Elaboration on Eurostat data. The plot reports the coefficient of variation. The year 2003 is set equal to 1 as reference value for the time series. Data cover the 28 EU Member States for a total of 1,321 NUTS-3 level regions. The five French Overseas Departments, and the Spanish extra-territorial autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla have been excluded à priori. The sample does not include 20 Polish regions for which data are not available. The within-country cross-region coefficient of variation is defined by, first, calculating the cross-regional coefficient of variation by country, and, second, by averaging the country-level coefficient of variation by year. The within-country cross-region coefficient of variation excludes Cyprus and Luxembourg due to the presence of a unique region at the NUTS-3 level. 48 Figure S3: Spatial distribution of regional average yearly GDP per capita growth.
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- Notes: Elaboration on Eurostat data. Yearly log-GDP per capita is averaged by category. 53 Figure S5: GDP per capita distribution for ‘lagging low-income’ regions in 2003 and 2017.
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- NUTS-3 Region Corresponding NUTS-2 Region High-Income, High-Growth High-Income, Low-Growth Middle-Income, High-Growth Lagging Low-Income Lagging Low-Growth Total No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % High-Income, High-Growth 115 53.00 93 42.86 8 3.69 0 0.00 1 0.46 217 100.00 High-Income, Low-Growth 47 8.82 449 84.24 9 1.69 0 0.00 28 5.25 533 100.00 Middle-Income, High-Growth 33 27.50 11 9.17 48 40.00 11 9.17 17 14.17 120 100.00 Lagging Low-Income 0 0.00 0 0.00 6 3.13 180 93.75 6 3.13 192 100.00 Lagging Low-Growth 8 3.09 88 33.98 3 1.16 6 2.32 154 59.46 259 100.00 Total 203 15.37 641 48.52 74 5.60 197 14.91 206 15.59 1,321 100.00 Notes: Elaboration on Eurostat data. Percentage values are defined on row totals. 50 Table S12: NUTS-3 regions’ growth performance over the period 2003-2017.
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- Taxonomy Average Yearly GDP Per Capita Declined After the Great Recession No Yes Total No. % No. % No. % High-Income, High-Growth 216 16.35 1 0.08 217 16.43 High-Income, Low-Growth 381 28.84 152 11.51 533 40.35 Middle-Income, High-Growth 118 8.93 2 0.15 120 9.08 Lagging Low-Income 192 14.53 0 0.00 192 14.53 Lagging Low-Growth 154 11.66 105 7.95 259 19.61 Total 1,061 80.32 260 19.68 1,321 100.00 Notes: Elaboration on Eurostat data. Percentages are defined on the total number of regions in the sample. Decline of GDP per capita around the Great Recession is defined by comparing the average yearly GDP per capita over the pre-crisis period 2003-2007 with the average yearly GDP per capita over the subsequent period 2008-2017. 52 Figure S4: Temporal dynamics of GDP per capita by category.
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- Taxonomy Average Yearly GDP Per Capita Growth High-Income, High-Growth 3.46 High-Income, Low-Growth 1.70 Middle-Income, High-Growth 3.87 Lagging Low-Income 6.66 Lagging Low-Growth 1.26 Notes: Elaboration on Eurostat data. Time average of the yearly GDP per capita growth rate in percentage terms over the period 2003-2017. 51 Table S13: NUTS-3 regions’ distribution by category and decline in average yearly GDP per capita around the Great Recession.
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