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Title	Competition between Allowed and First-Forbidden $β$ Decay: The Case of $^{208}$Hg$→^{208}$Tl
Related title	Competition between Allowed and First-Forbidden β Decay: The Case of Hg208→Tl208
Author(s)	Carroll, R J (Surrey U.) ; Podolyák, Zs (Surrey U. ; Darmstadt, GSI) ; Berry, T (Surrey U.) ; Grawe, H (Darmstadt, GSI) ; Alexander, T (Surrey U.) ; Andreyev, A N (York U., England ; JAEA, Ibaraki) ; Ansari, S (Cologne U.) ; Borge, M J G (CERN) ; Brunet, M (Surrey U.) ; Creswell, J R (Liverpool U.) ; Fraile, L M (Madrid U.) ; Fahlander, C (Lund U.) ; Fynbo, H O U (Aarhus U.) ; Gamba, E R (Brighton U.) ; Gelletly, W (Surrey U.) ; Gerst, R B (Cologne U.) ; Górska, M (Darmstadt, GSI) ; Gredley, A (Liverpool U.) ; Greenlees, P T (Jyvaskyla U. ; Helsinki U.) ; Harkness-Brennan, L J (Liverpool U.) ; Huyse, M (Leuven U.) ; Judge, S M (Teddington, Natl. Phys. Lab) ; Judson, D S (Liverpool U.) ; Konki, J (Jyvaskyla U. ; Helsinki U.) ; Kurcewicz, J (CERN) ; Kuti, I (Debrecen, Inst. Nucl. Res.) ; Lalkovski, S (Surrey U.) ; Lazarus, I H (Daresbury) ; Lică, R (CERN ; Bucharest, IFIN-HH) ; Lund, M (Aarhus U.) ; Madurga, M (CERN ; Tennessee U.) ; Marginean, N (Bucharest, IFIN-HH) ; Marginean, R (Bucharest, IFIN-HH) ; Marroquin, I (Madrid, Inst. Estructura Materia) ; Mihai, C (Bucharest, IFIN-HH) ; Mihai, R E (Bucharest, IFIN-HH) ; Nácher, E (Madrid, Inst. Estructura Materia) ; Negret, A (Bucharest, IFIN-HH) ; Nita, C (Bucharest, IFIN-HH ; Brighton U.) ; Pascu, S (Bucharest, IFIN-HH) ; Page, R D (Liverpool U.) ; Patel, Z (Surrey U.) ; Perea, A (Madrid, Inst. Estructura Materia) ; Phrompao, J (Chiang Mai U.) ; Piersa, M (Warsaw U.) ; Pucknell, V (Daresbury) ; Rahkila, P (Jyvaskyla U. ; Helsinki U.) ; Rapisarda, E (CERN) ; Regan, P H (surrey ; Teddington, Natl. Phys. Lab) ; Rotaru, F (Bucharest, IFIN-HH) ; Rudigier, M (Surrey U.) ; Shand, C M (Surrey U.) ; Shearman, R (Surrey U. ; Teddington, Natl. Phys. Lab) ; Stegemann, S (Cologne U.) ; Stora, T (CERN) ; Sotty, Ch (Leuven U. ; Bucharest, IFIN-HH) ; Tengblad, O (Madrid, Inst. Estructura Materia) ; Van Duppen, P (Leuven U.) ; Vedia, V (Madrid U.) ; Wadsworth, R (York U., England) ; Walker, P M (Surrey U.) ; Warr, N (Cologne U.) ; Wearing, F (Liverpool U.) ; De Witte, H (Leuven U.)
Publication	2020
Number of pages	6
In:	Phys. Rev. Lett. 125 (2020) 192501
DOI	10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.192501
Subject category	Nuclear Physics - Experiment
Accelerator/Facility, Experiment	CERN ISOLDE
Abstract	The $β$ decay of $^{208}$Hg into the one-proton hole, one neutron-particle $^{208}_{81}$Tl$_{127}$ nucleus was investigated at CERN-ISOLDE. Shell-model calculations describe well the level scheme deduced, validating the proton-neutron interactions used, with implications for the whole of the N>126, Z<82 quadrant of neutron-rich nuclei. While both negative and positive parity states with spin 0 and 1 are expected within the Qβ window, only three negative parity states are populated directly in the β decay. The data provide a unique test of the competition between allowed Gamow-Teller and Fermi, and first-forbidden $β$ decays, essential for the understanding of the nucleosynthesis of heavy nuclei in the rapid neutron capture process. Furthermore, the observation of the parity changing $0^+→0^-β$ decay where the daughter state is core excited is unique, and can provide information on mesonic corrections of effective operators.
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