Utajiri
Utajiri (kutoka neno la Kiarabu) ni wingi wa vitu vya thamani na wa vyanzo vya mapato ambavyo nchi au mtu wanamiliki.[1]
Ingawa kimsingi ni suala la uchumi, unahusika sana na maadili, kwa kuwa mali zinaweza kutumika vizuri au vibaya, hasa upande wa haki za watu wengine, ambao pia wanahitaji kiasi fulani cha vitu ili kuishi.[2][3]
Umoja wa Mataifa umepitisha kauli ya Kiingereza inclusive wealth kwa kujumlisha humo hata mambo yenye faida ambayo ni ya kiuasilia (kama vile ardhi na vyote vilivyomo), ya kibinadamu (watu pamoja na elimu, vipawa n.k. walivyonavyo) n.k. (k.mf. miundombinu: mashine, majengo n.k.)[4][5]
Hali halisi
haririKaribu 90% za mali duniani zimo mikononi mwa wakazi wa Amerika Kaskazini, Ulaya na nchi tajiri za Asia na Australia (si India).[6]
Mwaka 2008, 1% ya watu wazima walikadiriwa kumiliki 40% za utajiri wote duniani.[7] Kumbe mwaka 2013, 1% hiyohiyo ilikadiriwa kumiliki 46%.[8][9]
Kwa sasa, nchi tajiri zaidi duniani katika suala la pato la taifa kwa kila mtu ni Marekani.
Tangu mwaka 2011, China ni nchi ya pili kwa uchumi mkubwa duniani.[10]
Mwaka 2013 Qatar ilikuwa nchi tajiri zaidi duniani kwa kigezo cha wastani wa mapato ya wakazi.[11]
Utajiri na dini
haririUtafiti juu ya uhusiano wa utajiri na dini umeonyesha kwamba kwa kawaida kadiri nchi ilivyo tajiri wakazi wake hawajali dini.[12]
Pamoja na hayo, Wakristo ni matajiri kuliko wafuasi wa dini nyingine zote, wakimiliki 55% za mali zote duniani.[13]
Tanbihi
hariri- ↑ Denis "Authentic Development: Is it Sustainable?", pp. 189-205 in Building Sustainable Societies, Dennis Pirages, ed., M. E. Sharpe, ISBN 1-56324-738-0, ISBN 978-1-56324-738-5. (1996)
- ↑ Kronman, Anthony T. (Machi 1980). "Wealth Maximization as a Normative Principle". 9. The Journal of Legal Studies. doi:10.1086/467637.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ Robert L. Heilbroner, 1987 [2008. The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics, v. 4, pp. 880-83. Brief preview link.
- ↑ Sponsored by (Juni 30, 2012). "Free exchange: The real wealth of nations". The Economist. Iliwekwa mnamo Julai 14, 2012.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ "Inclusive Wealth Report - IHDP". Ihdp.unu.edu. Julai 9, 2012. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2012-06-30. Iliwekwa mnamo Julai 14, 2012.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ James B. Davies, Susanna Sandström, Anthony Shorrocks, and Edward N. Wolff. (2008). The World Distribution of Household Wealth, p8. UNU-WIDER.
- ↑ James B. Davies, Susanna Sandström, Anthony Shorrocks, and Edward N. Wolff. (2008). The World Distribution of Household Wealth. UNU-WIDER.
- ↑ "Global Wealth Report 2013". Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2015-02-14. Iliwekwa mnamo 2016-02-03.
- ↑ "Tax on the "private" billions now stashed away in havens enough to end extreme world poverty twice over". Oxfam International. Mei 22, 2013. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2015-12-23. Iliwekwa mnamo 2016-02-03.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ "China's economy is now the world's second largest". Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2022-01-24. Iliwekwa mnamo 2022-01-24.
- ↑ Persian Gulf 2013: India's Relations With the Region - Page 171, P.R. Kumaraswamy - 2014
- ↑ Survey Reports. "World Publics Welcome Global Trade — But Not Immigration | Pew Global Attitudes Project". Pewglobal.org. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2010-01-12. Iliwekwa mnamo 2011-10-21.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|dead-url=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ↑ "Christians hold largest percentage of global wealth: Report". deccanherald.com. 2015-01-14.
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