SIT DOWN AND GET OUT YOUR NOTES!!!! Then get ready to take notes.

Presentation on theme: "SIT DOWN AND GET OUT YOUR NOTES!!!! Then get ready to take notes."— Presentation transcript:

1 SIT DOWN AND GET OUT YOUR NOTES!!!! Then get ready to take notes.

2 British Imperialism in India Ch. 11, Section 4

3 The British Empire

4 British East India Company controlled trade between India & Britain – Limited to coastal cities while Mughal Empire strong Mid-1700s, Mughal empire broke apart & BEI Co. took over – Segregated neighborhoods; exclusive clubs – Westernized Indians – Prejudiced, thought Indians incapable of governing selves

5 British East India Company 1800’s: company operated in India with no regulation by British government company had its own army Company army led by British army officers

6 Jewel in the Crown IR turned Britian into the world workshop India had 300 million people & lots of resources Britain restricted India from competing – Closed factories – Mid-1800s, India primarily exported raw materials, not manufactured goods During Raj, British built railroads, roads, canals in India – India had 4 th largest railroad network in world

7 “Jewel in the Crown” Britain set up a railroad network to take raw materials from inside India to its ports Britain set up a railroad network to take raw materials from inside India to its ports

8 Raw Materials Taken from India Tea Tea Indigo (dye for clothing) Indigo (dye for clothing)

9 Raw Materials Taken from India Coffee Coffee Cotton Cotton

10 Raw Materials Taken from India Jute (fiber for making rope) Opium (plant that heroin is made from) Opium (plant that heroin is made from)

11 Positives for India Great Britain laid the world’s 4th largest railroad network in India Great Britain laid the world’s 4th largest railroad network in India Railroads brought unity to disconnected regions in India Railroads brought unity to disconnected regions in India Modern road Modern roadnetwork ■ Telephone and telegraph lines Dams, bridges, canals Dams, bridges, canals Sanitation and public health improved Sanitation and public health improved Schools/ Schools/ colleges founded Truces between Truces between local warring rulers in India

12 Negatives for India British held all political and economic power British held all political and economic power British restricted Indian- owned industries British restricted Indian- owned industries Cash crops made it impossible for small farmers to produce enough food for themselves Cash crops made it impossible for small farmers to produce enough food for themselves Racist attitudes of most British officials and missionaries threatened Indian traditional life Racist attitudes of most British officials and missionaries threatened Indian traditional life

13 Indians Rebel By 1850 most Indians resented that Great Britain owned their country By 1850 most Indians resented that Great Britain owned their country Indians were angry at attempts to forcefully convert them to Christianity Indians were angry at attempts to forcefully convert them to Christianity Indians were angry Britain controlled all useful land in their country Indians were angry Britain controlled all useful land in their country ■ Indians were angry at the constant racism expressed towards them by the British

14 Sepoys Indians who joined British armies in India – Resented by other Indians

15 Sepoy Mutiny 1857 gossip spread amongst Sepoys (Indian soldiers for the British) 1857 gossip spread amongst Sepoys (Indian soldiers for the British) the seals of their ammunition had to be bitten off the seals of their ammunition had to be bitten off they believed the British dipped the seals of their they believed the British dipped the seals of their ammunition in beef and pork (Hindus can not eat beef/ Muslims can not eat pork)

16 Sepoy Rebellion In 1850: 300,000 men in army. – Only 50,000 were British 100,000 British men ruling over 200 million Indians by 1850 economic problems increased feelings of resentment and nationalism Sepoy Mutiny breaks out on May 10, 1857 The sepoy army was “a delicate and dangerous machine, which a little mismanagement may easily turn against us.” - Governor of Bombay

17 Picture of Sepoy rebellion

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19 Turning Point 1858 British government took direct control over India (because of the Mutiny) 1858 British government took direct control over India (because of the Mutiny) Raj (time period when Raj (time period when India was under Great Britain’s control: 1757-1947)

20 Results of Sepoy Rebellion British ruled India for 2 centuries. Changes many aspects of Indian life. – British provided a single system of law & gov’t, unifying India. – introduced English as a unifying language. Nationalism surfaces – Indian National Congress & Muslim League founded to work for reforms, self- government

21 Raj India was divided into 11 Provinces and 250 districts India was divided into 11 Provinces and 250 districts sometimes a handful of sometimes a handful of officials would be the only officials would be the only British amongst millions of British amongst millions of Indians in a district Indians in a district Mutiny increased distrust between British and Indians: it fueled more British racism towards Indians Mutiny increased distrust between British and Indians: it fueled more British racism towards Indians

22 Indian National Congress 1885 Made up of Hindus; called for self-government Made up of Hindus; called for self-government upset that Britain segregated Bengal (Indian city) into Muslim section and Hindu section in 1905 upset that Britain segregated Bengal (Indian city) into Muslim section and Hindu section in 1905 INC led acts of violence against British in Bengal INC led acts of violence against British in Bengal 1911 Britain changed the order of segregation 1911 Britain changed the order of segregation

23 Muslim League 1906 Made up of Muslims Made up of Muslims also called for self-government also called for self-government also upset about segregation of Bengal in1905 also upset about segregation of Bengal in1905 also participated in acts of violence against British in India also participated in acts of violence against British in India

24 Indians Did Not Fully Unite During Sepoy Mutiny serious splits between Hindus and Muslims serious splits between Hindus and Muslims unclear inconsistent leadership unclear inconsistent leadership Many Indian princes did not take part in the rebellion (made alliances with Many Indian princes did not take part in the rebellion (made alliances withBritish) Sikhs (Indian religious group) remained loyal to the British Sikhs (Indian religious group) remained loyal to the British

25 “I hope they understand them better than we did back then”

26 Questions for Reflection: Why did the British conquer and colonize India? Who were sepoys and why did they rebel against the British? How did the Sepoy Rebellion change the political situation in India? What were the effects of British Imperialism on India?