Cape Colony
Dutch and British colony in Southern Africa
(Redirected from British Cape Colony)
The Cape Colony (Dutch: Kaapkolonie) was the name of a colony based around the Cape of Good Hope, in southern Africa. It was first established in 1652 by Jan van Riebeeck as a governorate of the Dutch East India Company. It was captured by the British in 1795 and returned to the Dutch in 1802. In 1806 it was again captured by the British. It united with three other British colonies in 1910 to form the Union of South Africa when it was renamed the "Cape Province". Its capital was Cape Town, the modern-day legislative capital of the Republic of South Africa.
Cape Colony Kaapkolonie | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1795–1910 | |||||||||||
 Flag | |||||||||||
| Anthem: God Save the King (God Save the Queen 1837–1901) | |||||||||||
 The Cape Colony ca. 1890 with Griqualand East and Griqualand West annexed and Stellaland/Goshen (in light red) claimed | |||||||||||
| Status | British colony | ||||||||||
| Capital | Cape Town | ||||||||||
| Common languages | English, Dutch ¹ | ||||||||||
| Religion | Dutch Reformed Church, Anglican | ||||||||||
| Government | Constitutional monarchy | ||||||||||
| Historical era | Scramble for Africa | ||||||||||
• Established | 1795 | ||||||||||
| 1803–1806 | |||||||||||
| 1814 | |||||||||||
• Disestablished | 1910 | ||||||||||
| Area | |||||||||||
| 1822[1] | 331,900 km2 (128,100 sq mi) | ||||||||||
| 1910 | 569,020 km2 (219,700 sq mi) | ||||||||||
| Population | |||||||||||
• 1822[1] | 110380 | ||||||||||
• 1865 census[2] | 496381 | ||||||||||
• 1910 | 2564965 | ||||||||||
| Currency | Pound sterling | ||||||||||
| |||||||||||
| Today part of |  South Africa ² | ||||||||||
¹ Dutch was the sole official language until 1806, when the British officially replaced Dutch with English. Dutch was reincluded as a second official language in 1882. ² Except for the exclave of Walvis Bay, which is now part of Namibia. | |||||||||||
Lists of Leaders
change| King/Queen[3] | |
|---|---|
| 1795–1820 | George III |
| 1820–1830 | George IV |
| 1830–1837 | William IV |
| 1837–1901 | Queen Victoria |
| 1901–1910 | Edward VII |
| 1910 | George V |
| Governors[3][n1 1] | |
|---|---|
| 1797–1798 | George Macartney |
| 1799-1801 | George Younge |
| 1803-1806 | Lieut-Gen Jan Willems Jansen[n1 2] |
| 1807-1811 | Earl of Caledon |
| 1811-1814 | Francis Cradock |
| 1814-1826 | Lord Charles Somerset |
| 1828-1833 | Galbraith Cole |
| 1834-1838 | Benjamin D'Urban |
| 1834-1844 | Thomas Napier |
| 1847 | Henry Pottinger |
| 1847-1852 | Henry Smith |
| 1852-1854 | George Cathcart |
| 1854-1861 | Sir George Grey |
| 1862-1870 | Philip Wodehouse |
| 1870-1877 | Henry Barkly |
| 1877-1880 | Bartle Frere |
| 1881-1889 | Hercules Robinson |
| 1889-1895 | Henry Loch |
| 1895-1897 | Hercules Robinson (Lord Rosemead) |
| 1897-1901 | Alfred Milner |
| 1901–1910 | Walter Hely-Hutchinson |
Notes
| Prime Ministers[3] | |
|---|---|
| 1872–1878 | John Charles Molteno |
| 1872-1878 | John Gordon Sprigg |
| 1881-1884 | Thomas Charles Scanlen |
| 1884-1886 | Thomas Uppington |
| 1886-1890 | Gordon Sprigg |
| 1890-1896 | Cecil John Rhodes |
| 1896-1896 | Gordon Sprigg |
| 1898-1900 | William Philip Schreiner |
| 1900-1904 | Gordon Sprigg |
| 1904-1908 | Leander Starr Jameson |
| 1908–1910 | John X. Merriman |
References
change- ↑ Alexander Wilmot; John Centlivres Chase (1869). History of the Colony of the Cape of Good Hope: From Its Discovery to the Year 1819. J. C. Juta. pp. 268–. Retrieved 10 September 2013.
- ↑ "Census of the colony of the Cape of Good Hope. 1865". HathiTrust Digital Library. p. 11. Retrieved 26 December 2013.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Walker, Eric A (1928). A History of Southern Africa. London: Longmans. pp. xvii–xx.