The pathophysiologies of neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
(ALS), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), are far from being fully …

The present review gives an overview on the serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) system,
its receptors and their relationship to central nervous system physiology and disorders. …

The pathophysiology of psychiatric diseases, including depression, anxiety, schizophrenia
and autism, is far from being fully elucidated. In recent years, a potential role of the oxidative …

The complexity of the genome is regulated by epigenetic mechanisms, which act on the level
of DNA, histones, and nucleosomes. Epigenetic machinery is involved in various biological …

In multicellular organisms, all the cells are genetically identical but turn genes on or off at
the right time to promote differentiation into specific cell types. The regulation of higher-order …

γ-Aminobutyric acid B (GABA B ) receptors and their ligands are postulated as potential
therapeutic targets for the treatment of several brain disorders, including drug dependence. Over …

There is evidence that indicates that tonic activation of cannabinoid CB1 receptors plays a
role in extinction/reinstatement of cocaine seeking-behavior but is not involved in the …

In the present study, we used in situ hybridization to examine the influence of acute or repeated
cocaine administrations and withdrawal from repeated cocaine treatment on the level of …

Recent data indicate that cocaine locomotor responses may be influenced by dopamine (DA)
neurotransmission and adenosine neuromodulation involving the A 2A receptor (A 2A R). …

Cocaine addiction has somatic, psychological, psychiatric, socio‐economic and legal implications
in the developed world. Presently, there is no medication approved for the treatment of …