Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) are exposed to hemodynamic forces, which modulate EC
functions and vascular biology/pathobiology in health and disease. The flow patterns and …

A single mouse click on the topic tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in PubMed reveals about 50
000 articles providing one or the other information about this pleiotropic cytokine or its …

The c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) group of MAP kinases has been identified in
mammals and insects. JNK is activated by exposure of cells to cytokines or environmental …

Tumour necrosis factor-α (TNFα) is a multifunctional cytokine belonging to a family of ligands
with an associated family of receptor proteins. The pleiotropic actions of TNF range from …

Part of the cellular response to toxins, physical stresses and inflammatory cytokines occurs
by signalling via the stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) and p38 reactivating kinase …

Abbreviations: Apaf, apoptosis protease activation factor; CAD, caspase-activated DNAse;
caspase, cysteine aspartate-directed protease; CAPK, ceramide-activated protein kinase; …

Molecular Medical Microbiology, Third Edition presents the latest release in what is
considered to be the first book to synthesize new developments in both molecular and …

It has been shown that thioredoxin (Trx) in a reduced form binds to and inhibits apoptosis
signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1). Apoptotic stimuli such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and …

Vascular endothelium is a major target of actions of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor
necrosis factor (TNF). Increasingly, the intracellular pathways that are activated in response …

Inflammation is a basic cellular process in innate and adaptive immunity. Vascular
endothelial cells play an important role in the initiation, amplification, and resolution of the …