Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a newly emerging infectious disease caused by a novel coronavirus, SARS-coronavirus (SARS-CoV). The SARS-CoV spike (S) protein is composed of two subunits; the S1 subunit contains a receptor-binding domain that engages with the host cell receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and the S2 subunit mediates fusion between the viral and host cell membranes. The S protein plays key parts in the induction of neutralizing-antibody and T-cell responses, as well as protective immunity, during infection with SARS-CoV. In this Review, we highlight recent advances in the development of vaccines and therapeutics based on the S protein.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2
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Animals
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Antibodies, Monoclonal / immunology
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Antibodies, Monoclonal / therapeutic use
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Antiviral Agents / pharmacology
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Antiviral Agents / therapeutic use
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Humans
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Membrane Glycoproteins / chemistry
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Membrane Glycoproteins / immunology
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Membrane Glycoproteins / physiology*
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Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / metabolism
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RNA Interference
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RNA, Small Interfering
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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome / pathology
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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome / prevention & control*
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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome / therapy*
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Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus* / chemistry
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Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus* / drug effects
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Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus* / genetics
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Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus* / physiology
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Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
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Viral Envelope Proteins / chemistry
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Viral Envelope Proteins / immunology
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Viral Envelope Proteins / physiology*
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Viral Vaccines* / immunology
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Virus Internalization
Substances
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Antibodies, Monoclonal
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Antiviral Agents
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Membrane Glycoproteins
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RNA, Small Interfering
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Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
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Viral Envelope Proteins
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Viral Vaccines
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spike glycoprotein, SARS-CoV
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spike protein, mouse hepatitis virus
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Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
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ACE2 protein, human
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Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2