The article “The Language of Osip Mandel’shtam’s Armed with the Vision of Narrow Wasps” aims to describe how Osip Mandel’shtam uses literary language in the poem Vooryzhennyi zren’em uzkikh os... (1937) to create its specifi c semantics, which is both complex and extremely easy to understand. The authors demonstrate that complex metaphors in the poem arise from the transformation of idioms and common collocations. The analysis allows us to clarify the meaning-generating role of idiom-based metaphors as one of the main literary devices in Mandel’shtam’s poetry.