WO2021001693A1

WO2021001693A1 - Deep porosity-gradient and varying pitch filter cartridges

Info

Publication number: WO2021001693A1
Application number: PCT/IB2020/050643
Authority: WO
Inventors: Pathik GOPANI; Rajanikant PATEL
Original assignee: Uniexcel Agencies & Services Private Limited
Priority date: 2019-07-01
Filing date: 2020-01-28
Publication date: 2021-01-07

Abstract

A filter cartridge with enhanced dirt holding capacity, longer filtration service and good performance for a filtration system is disclosed. The disclosed filter cartridge comprises a perforated core; and a plurality of filter media layers arranged around the core. The plurality of filter media layers include a multifilament yarn that is wound around the core such that pitch of the yarn is continually varied across the entire thickness of the plurality of filter media layers and the pitch is also gradually increased from an inner layer that is wound near the core to an outer of the plurality of filter media layers. The plurality of filter layers are arranged such that a deep porosity gradient towards the centre of core is achieved to capture a wide range of particles sized contaminants within the filter media layers.

Description

DEEP POROSITY-GRADIENT AND VARYING PITCH FILTER CARTRIDGES

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of liquid filtration system. More specifically, it pertains to an efficient deep porosity-gradient and varying pitch filter cartridge for a filtration system for high liquid filtration performance.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0002] Background description includes information that may be useful in understanding the present invention. It is not an admission that any of the information provided herein is prior art or relevant to the presently claimed invention, or that any publication specifically or implicitly referenced is prior art.

[0003] Filtration can be defined as the removal of a dispersed component (particles) from a dispersing medium or fluid. The particles can be solid, gaseous, or liquid. Since these particles are not uniform in size, various methods of removal can be used. Presently, a wide variety of filtration equipments are used in industries to suit differing applications. Many of filtering equipment types, available are used individually, or in combination of other equipment to generate the clean fluids required. Out of various devices, the filtering cartridges are the most widely used in industry and homes. The filter cartridges are mainly of two types, which can be categorized as“a surface type filter cartridge” and“a depth type filter cartridge” meant to achieve specific purpose._. The surface type cartridge filters remove particles from fluids at the filter’s surface like a screen or sieve with a narrow distribution of fixed pore sizes. Since the pores sizes of these types of the filter cartridges are fixed and controlled, this allows the fluids to be reliably filtered to remove essentially all particles of a given micron size and larger. As the pores sizes are fixed and can be controlled, an absolute particle removal efficiency can be assigned to these filters.

[0004] While, the depth type filter cartridges consist of (fibre) string-wound, melt-blown and resin-bonded type which work on mechanism of depth filtration. Out of these, the wound filter cartridges are commonly used filters. The wound filters are designed to capture particles within the tortuous matrix of filter media itself as well as on the surface of the filter cartridge. The wound filter media matrix, contains broad pore-size distribution and the pore openings decrease in size in the direction of fluid flow from the outside to the inside of the filter cartridge. This graded pore density allows for the capture of larger particles near the surface and finer particle capture toward centre of the filter cartridge.

[0005] The fiber-wound depth filter cartridges are typically meant to remove most particles from liquid delivered to it of its rated micron size or larger. These filter cartridges work best when fluid-flow rate per filter and the fluid viscosity is low. As the particles removal is not always total and somewhat dependent upon operating conditions, the filter cartridges are also said to provide“nominal” filtration.

[0006] The depth filter cartridges provide an economical filtration alternative when fluids require significant solids removal. If used in this way, depth filter cartridges provide adequate fluid quality for many applications/uses, or as pre-filter protection to extend the life of more expensive absolute rated surface filter cartridges.

[0007] In large volume systems, there are some economic considerations for use of cartridge filters as these are discarded when they become plugged. These conventional filter cartridges must be changed very often, requiring additional labour cost. If suspended particles load in liquid is high, the cost of filtration also becomes high. There are two important factors which influence cartridge filter economics. They are the size of the smallest particles to be removed and concentration of the particles in the fluid. The finer filter cartridges are more expensive, and higher dirt-loads shorten filter life requiring frequent replacement.

[0008] Some users make efforts to clean the filter cartridges for reuse but the depth filter cartridges usually cannot be readily cleansed because the dirt is so well -entrapped in the medium that cleaning would provide little benefit in restoring the cartridge for reuse. Eventually, even the cleanable cartridge will have to be replaced. Besides, on multi-cartridge units, adequate cleaning of all cartridges by backwashing the entire unit, is normally impossible because of flow channelling through few cartridges. So, there are additional labour costs involved to do this cleaning.

[0009] Presently, there have been serious concerns to reduce the filtration cost due to cost of spares and man-power cost involved in operation and maintenance. The filtration operation is one of the most expensive that takes place in oil producing company, refinery or petrochemical plant, especially when the filter and filtering media are handling hazardous or toxic materials. This makes disposal of waste quite expensive and problematic. [0010] In view of above reasons, an improved dirt-holding capacity and higher efficiency filter cartridges are essential to reduce operating and maintenance costs of the filtration system.

[0011] There is, therefore, a need in the art to provide a simple, efficient and cost effective deep porosity-gradient and varying pitch filter cartridges for a filter system which can obviate above mentioned challenges in the art.

[0012] As used in the description herein and throughout the claims that follow, the meaning of“a,”“an,” and“the” includes plural reference unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Also, as used in the description herein, the meaning of“in” includes“in” and“on” unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

[0013] The recitation of ranges of values herein is merely intended to serve as a shorthand method of referring individually to each separate value falling within the range. Unless otherwise indicated herein, each individual value is incorporated into the specification as if it were individually recited herein. All methods described herein can be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context. The use of any and all examples, or exemplary language (e.g.“such as”) provided with respect to certain embodiments herein is intended merely to better illuminate the invention and does not pose a limitation on the scope of the invention otherwise claimed. No language in the specification should be construed as indicating any non-claimed element essential to the practice of the invention.

[0014] Groupings of alternative elements or embodiments of the invention disclosed herein are not to be construed as limitations. Each group member can be referred to and claimed individually or in any combination with other members of the group or other elements found herein. One or more members of a group can be included in, or deleted from, a group for reasons of convenience and/or patentability. When any such inclusion or deletion occurs, the specification is herein deemed to contain the group as modified thus fulfilling the written description of all groups used in the appended claims.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION

[0015] A general object of the present disclosure is to provide an improved filter cartridge. [0016] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a deep porosity-gradient and varying pitch filter cartridges for a filter device for various filtration applications.

[0017] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a simple and cost-effective deep porosity-gradient and varying pitch filter cartridges for a filtration system.

[0018] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide an efficient deep porosity- gradient and varying pitch filter cartridges for a filtration system for high liquid filtration performance.

[0019] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide an efficient filter cartridge which may give about four times enhanced dirt-holding capacity as compared to that of a conventional filter cartridge.

[0020] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide an improved filter cartridge which may give about three times longer filtration service (life) as compared to that of a conventional filter cartridge.

[0021] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide an improved filter cartridge, which can give good quality of filtrate like that of a conventional filter cartridge with respect to TSS (Total suspended solids) test as per NACE test method.

[0022] Another object of present disclosure is to provide an improved filter cartridge to reduce the operating expense (OPEX cost) of filtration through reduced replacement of filter cartridges.

[0023] These and other objects of the present invention will become readily apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

SUMMARY

[0024] The present disclosure relates to the technical aspects of fluid filtration device/ system. More specifically, it pertains to an efficient deep porosity-gradient and varying pitch filter cartridge for high liquid filtration performance.

[0025] In an aspect, the disclosed filter cartridge includes a perforated core; and a plurality of filter media layers arranged around the core. The plurality of filter media layers include a multifilament yarn that is wound around the core such that pitch of the yam is continually varied across the entire thickness of the plurality of filter media layers and the pitch is also gradually increased from an inner layer that is wound near the core to an outer of the plurality of filter media layers, wherein the plurality of filter media layers comprise pores of varying sizes.

[0026] In an aspect, the plurality of filter layers are arranged such that a deep porosity gradient towards the center of core is achieved to capture a wide range of particles sized contaminants within the filter media layers.

[0027] In an aspect, the filter cartridge comprises a media sheet that is arranged between the core and plurality of filter media layers, wherein the media sheet is adapted to support the plurality of filter media layers over the core.

[0028] In an embodiment, winding of the multifilament yam to achieve the deep porosity gradient toward center of the core, is controlled to provide sufficient mechanical strength and structural integrity to the plurality of filter media layers combined with lower pressure drop for proper advantage of filtration. This is also ensured that filter cartridge can withstand the maximum permissible differential pressure and also giving good quality of filtrate with respect of TSS analysis (total suspended solids) of filtrate by NACE test method.

[0029] In an embodiment, the multifilament yarn that can be wound around the core in multiple layers in a spiral manner with successive turns at pronounced angles with respect to the circumference of the core, and the angle of multifilament yarn is reversed in each successive layer of the plurality of filter media layers.

[0030] In an embodiment, the multifilament yarn can be wound around core such that pluralities of diamond-shaped varying apertures in each of the plurality of filter media layers are formed. As a result, the plurality of filter media layers comprises very tortuous paths for the fluid flow through the plurality of filter media layers.

[0031] In an embodiment, the porosity gradient of the plurality of filter media layers is configured such that the outer filter media layer comprises pores with largest opening sizes and openings of the pores of the plurality of filter media layers gradually decrease in size from the outer layer to the inner layer in the direction of fluid flow, and wherein the porosity gradient allows capturing of large contaminant particles near the outer layers, and finer contaminant particles near the inner layers of the plurality of filter media layers. This allows for progressive increase in the trapping efficiency in direction of fluid flow, which ensures that smaller particles escaping outer matrix (first barrier) get trapped as they approach towards core (next barrier), where winding pattern is denser.

[0032] In an embodiment, the multifilament yam can be any of a polypropylene yarn, nylon yam, glass-fiber yam, cotton yarn, and a polyester yarn. Through the entire thickness of filter media layers, each of the multifilament yarn continues, without a break throughout the length of the yarn, making cartridge free from any media migration problem.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the multifilament yarn is a polypropylene yam.

[0034] In an embodiment, size of the pores of the plurality of filter media layers can be in range from 0.5 to 200 pm.

[0035] In an embodiment, the core is of cylindrical shaped.

[0036] Various objects, features, aspects and advantages of the inventive subject matter will become more apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments, along with the accompanying drawing figures in which like numerals represent like components.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0038] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary representation of the proposed filter cartridge, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0039] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary representation of an experimental setup for testing the proposed filter cartridge, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0040] Figs 3A and 3B illustrate exemplary representations graphs (plots) of cumulative test dust used and differential pressure rise against time made for both proposed filter cartridge and a conventional filter cartridge respectively in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following is a detailed description of embodiments of the disclosure depicted in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments are in such details as to clearly communicate the disclosure. However, the amount of detail offered is not intended to limit the anticipated variations of embodiments; on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.

[0042] If the specification states a component or feature“may”, “can”,“could”, or “might” be included or have a characteristic, that particular component or feature is not required to be included or have the characteristic.

[0043] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which exemplary embodiments are shown. This disclosure may however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. These embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those of ordinary skill in the art. Moreover, all statements herein reciting embodiments of the disclosure, as well as specific examples thereof, are intended to encompass both structural and functional equivalents thereof. Additionally, it is intended that such equivalents include both currently known equivalents as well as equivalents developed in the future (i.e., any elements developed that perform the same function, regardless of structure).

[0044] Various terms as used herein. To the extent a term used in a claim is not defined below, it should be given the broadest definition persons in the pertinent art have given that term as reflected in printed publications and issued patents at the time of filing.

[0045] Embodiments explained herein relate to an improved deep porosity-gradient and varying pitch filter cartridge for a filter system for high liquid filtration performance. The disclosed filter cartridge may give about four times enhanced dirt-holding capacity as well as about three-times longer filtration service (lifetime) as compared to a conventional filter cartridge.

[0046] In an aspect, the disclosed filter cartridge is based on a cylindrical shaped perforated core; and a plurality of filter media layers arranged around the core. The plurality of filter media layers include a multifilament yarn that is wound around the core such that pitch of the yarn is continually varied across the entire thickness of the plurality of filter media layers and the pitch is also gradually increased from an inner layer that is wound near the core to an outer of the plurality of filter media layers, wherein the plurality of filter media layers comprise pores of varying sizes.

[0047] In an aspect, the plurality of filter layers are arranged such that a deep porosity gradient towards centre of core is achieved to capture a wide range of particles sized contaminants within the filter media layers.

[0048] In an aspect, the filter cartridge comprises a media sheet that is arranged between the core and plurality of filter media layers, wherein the media sheet is adapted to support the plurality of filter media layers over the core.

[0049] In an embodiment, the winding of the multifilament yarn to achieve the deep porosity gradient toward centre of the core, is controlled to provide sufficient mechanical strength and structural integrity to the plurality of filter media layers combined with lower pressure drop for proper advantage of filtration.

[0050] In an embodiment, the multifilament yam that can be wound around the core in multiple layers in spiral manner with successive turns at pronounced angles with respect to the circumference of the core, and the angle of multifilament yarn is reversed in each successive layer of the plurality of filter media layers.

[0051] In an embodiment, the multifilament yarn can be wound such that pluralities of diamond-shaped varying apertures in each of the plurality of filter media layers are formed. As a result, the plurality of filter media layers comprises very tortuous paths for the fluid flow through the plurality of filter media layers.

[0052] In an embodiment, the porosity gradient of the plurality of filter media layers is configured such that the outer filter media layer comprises pores with largest opening sizes and openings of the pores of the plurality of filter media layers gradually decrease in size from the outer layer to the inner layer in the direction of fluid flow, and wherein the porosity gradient allows capturing of large contaminant particles near the outer layers, and finer contaminant particles near the inner layers of the plurality of filter media layers. This allows for progressive increase in the trapping efficiency in direction of fluid flow, which ensures that smaller particles escaping outer matrix (first barrier) get trapped as they approach towards core (next barrier), where winding pattern is denser. [0053] In an embodiment, the multifilament yarn can be any of a polypropylene yarn, nylon yarn, glass-fiber yarn, cotton yarn, and a polyester yarn.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment, the multifilament yarn is a polypropylene yam.

[0055] In an embodiment, size of the pores of the plurality of filter media layers can be in range from 0.5 to 200 pm.

[0056] In an embodiment, the disclosed filter cartridge gives a good filtrate quality as per requirement with respect to TSS test (total suspended solids) of filtrate as per NACE method.

[0057] In an embodiment, the disclosed filter cartridge has increased filtration capacity, longer life-time and good performance, thus would result in reduced overall cost and reduced consumption of filter cartridges, which would be environmentally favourable.

[0058] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary representation of the proposed filter cartridge, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown, the proposed filter cartridge 100, a fluid filtration device can include a cylindrical shaped perforated core 102; and a plurality of filter media layers 104 arranged around the core 102. The plurality of filter media layers 104 can include pores of varying sizes. The plurality of filter media layers 104 are arranged such that a deep porosity gradient towards centre of the core 102 can be achieved to capture a wide range of particles-sized contaminants within the plurality of filter media layers 104 while having sufficiently large pores for the fluid to pass through.

[0059] In an embodiment, the filter cartridge may include a selected media sheet (also referred to as core cover) arranged between the core 102 and plurality of filter media layers 104. The media sheet is adapted to support the plurality of filter media layers 104 over the core 102.

[0060] In an embodiment, the media sheet can be configured to support the wound filter media to improve the performance.

[0061] In an embodiment, the fluid can be any or combination of water, liquid fuel, and the like.

[0062] In an aspect, the plurality of filter media layers 104 can be formed by winding a multifilament yam around the core 102 in multiple layers in a spiral manner with successive turns at pronounced angles with respect to the circumference of the core 102. The angle of multifilament yarn is reversed in each successive layer of the multiple layers. [0063] In an embodiment, winding of the multifilament yarn can result a plurality of diamond-like shaped apertures in each of the plurality of filter media layers 104, and very tortuous paths for the fluid flow through the of the plurality of filter media layers 104.

[0064] In an embodiment, the multifilament yarn can be wound around the core such that pitch of the multifilament yam can be continually varied across the entire thickness of plurality of filter media layers 104. The pitch that is the distance between two multifilament yarns in a layer of the multiple layers is gradually increased from the inner layer 108 that is wound near to the core 102 to an outer layer 106 of the plurality of filter media layers 104.

[0065] In an embodiment, the porosity gradient of the plurality of filter media layers 104 can be controlled towards the centre of the core 102 such that an outer filter media layer 106 can include pores with largest opening size, and openings of the pores of the plurality of filter media layers 104 gradually decrease in size from the outer layer 106 to the inner layer 108 in the direction of fluid flow.

[0066] In an embodiment, size of the pores of the plurality of filter media layers can be in range from 0.5 to 200 pm.

[0067] In an exemplary embodiment, the proposed cartridge can have length up to 80- inch and diameter up to 150 mm or any other customized size.

[0068] In an embodiment, the porosity-gradient in the plurality of filter media layers 104 allows capturing of large contaminant particles near the outer layer 106 of the plurality of filter media layers 104, and finer contaminant particles near the inner layer 108 of the plurality of filter media layers 104.

[0069] In an embodiment, the winding of the multifilament yam is so controlled to achieve the deep porosity-gradient of filter media layers 104 towards the centre of the core 102 to provide sufficient mechanical strength as well as structural integrity to the plurality of filter media for proper advantage of filtration and to withstand maximum permissible differential pressure.

[0070] In an embodiment, the multifilament yarn can be any of a polypropylene yarn, nylon yarn, glass-fiber yarn, cotton yam, polyester yarn and like.

[0071] In an embodiment, the proposed filter cartridge 100 allow full utilization of the plurality of filter media layers 104 and also gives good filtrate quality. While the conventional filter cartridges do not utilise the filter media layers fully. [0072] In an exemplary embodiment, the proposed filter cartridge 100 can be made by a computerized numerical controlled (CNC) filter winding machine and complete winding process through the plurality of filter media layers is controlled. Each of the multifilament yarn continues without a break in multiple layers throughout the length of the yarn, making the cartridge free from any media migration problems as there are no short fibers which can come loose and migrate during use.

[0073] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary representation of an experimental setup for testing the proposed filter cartridge 100, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0074] In an exemplary embodiment, the proposed filter cartridge 100 that was held in an uPVC filter-housing and tested for dirt-holding capacity and other parameters, using“clean water” and “standard test dust (ISO12103-l,A4 Coarse Dust)”. While development of cartridges for enhancing dirt-holding capacity, it was ensured that quality of filtrate is also good as required even up to maximum permissible differential pressure. The filtrate water samples were tested for total suspended solids (TSS) as per NACE method TM-0173-2015. The experimental details and comparative test results are shown at Table-1 and Table-2.

[0075] In an embodiment, the disclosed filter cartridge 100, is having enhanced dirt holding capacity and improved filtration service (lifetime) as compared to the conventional cartridges without compromising the filtrate quality.

[0076] Table- 1 , EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS

Table-1 [0077] Table-2, Comparative Test Results of developed cartridge against standard cartridge

( *) Deep Porosity Gradient and Varying Pitch Filter cartridge.

Table-2

[0078] In an embodiment, the pitch of the multifilament yarn can be adjusted while winding of the multifilament yarn over the core to enhance dirt-holding capacity of the disclosed filter cartridge 100.

[0079] Figs 3A and 3B illustrate exemplary representations graphs (plots) of cumulative test dust used and differential pressure rise against time made for both proposed filter cartridge, and a conventional filter cartridge respectively in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0080] It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that many more modifications besides those already described are possible without departing from the inventive concepts herein. The inventive subject matter, therefore, is not to be restricted except in the spirit of the appended claims. Moreover, in interpreting both the specification and the claims, all terms should be interpreted in the broadest possible manner consistent with the context. In particular, the terms“comprises” and“comprising” should be interpreted as referring to elements, components, or steps in a non-exclusive manner, indicating that the referenced elements, components, or steps may be present, or utilized, or combined with other elements, components, or steps that are not expressly referenced. Where the specification claims refers to at least one of something selected from the group consisting of A, B, C ....and N, the text should be interpreted as requiring only one element from the group, not A plus N, or B plus N, etc. The foregoing description of the specific embodiments will so fully reveal the general nature of the embodiments herein that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily modify and/or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments herein have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments herein can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

[0081] While the foregoing describes various embodiments of the invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof. The scope of the invention is determined by the claims that follow. The invention is not limited to the described embodiments, versions or examples, which are included to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make and use the invention when combined with information and knowledge available to the person having ordinary skill in the art.

ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION

[0082] The present disclosure provides an improved filter cartridge.

[0083] The present disclosure provides a deep porosity-gradient and varying pitch filter cartridges for a filtration device.

[0084] The present disclosure provides a simple and cost effective deep porosity-gradient and varying pitch filter cartridges for a filtration system.

[0085] The present disclosure provides an efficient deep porosity-gradient and varying pitch filter cartridges for a filtration system for high liquid filtration performance.

[0086] The present disclosure provides an efficient filter cartridge which may give about four times enhanced dirt-holding capacity as compared to that of a conventional filter cartridge. [0087] The present disclosure provides an improved filter cartridge which may give about three times longer filtration service (lifetime) as compared to that of a conventional filter cartridge.

[0088] The present disclosure provides an improved filter cartridge, which can give good quality of filtrate like that of a conventional filter cartridge with respect to TSS (Total suspended solids) test as per NACE test method.

[0089] The present disclosure provides an improved filter cartridge to reduce the operating expense (OPEX cost) of filtration through reduced replacement of filter cartridges i.e. the filter cartridges will have extended mean time between change-out (MTBC).

Claims

We Claim:

1. A filter cartridge for a fluid filtration device, the filter cartridge comprising:

a perforated core; and

a plurality of filter media layers arranged around the core, the plurality of filter media layers comprise a multifilament yam that is wound around the core such that pitch of the yarn is continually varied across the entire thickness of the plurality of filter media layers and the pitch is also gradually increased from an inner layer that is wound near the core to an outer of the plurality of filter media layers,

wherein the plurality of filter media layers comprise pores of varying sizes; and

wherein the plurality of filter layers are arranged such that a deep porosity gradient towards the center of core is achieved to capture a wide range of particles sized contaminants within the filter media layers.

2. The filter cartridge as claimed in claim 1, wherein winding of the multifilament yarn to achieve the deep porosity gradient toward center of the core is controlled to provide sufficient mechanical strength and structural integrity to the plurality of filter media layers along with a lower pressure drop for proper advantage of filtration.

3. The filter cartridge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the filter cartridge comprises a media sheet that is arranged between the core and plurality of filter media layers, wherein the media sheet is adapted to support the plurality of filter media layers over the core.

4. The filter cartridge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the multifilament yam that is wound around the core with successive turns at pronounced angles with respect to the circumference of the core, and wherein the angle of multifilament yam is reversed in each successive layer of the plurality of filter media layers.

5. The filter cartridge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the multifilament yam is wound such that a plurality of diamond-shaped varying apertures in each of the plurality of filter media layers are formed, and wherein the plurality of filter media layers comprises very tortuous paths for the fluid flow through the plurality of filter media layers.

6. The filter cartridge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the porosity gradient of the plurality of filter media layers is configured such that the outer filter media layer comprises pores with largest opening sizes and openings of the pores of the plurality of filter media layers gradually decrease in size from the outer layer to the inner layer in the direction of fluid flow, and wherein the porosity gradient allows capturing of large contaminant particles near the outer layers, and finer contaminant particles near the inner layers of the plurality of filter media layers.

7. The filter cartridge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the multifilament yarn is any of a polypropylene yam, nylon yam, glass-fiber yarn, cotton yarn, and a polyester yam.

8. The filter cartridge as claimed in claim 1, wherein size of the pores of the plurality of filter media layers is in range from 0.5 to 200 pm.