WO2020094419A1

WO2020094419A1 - Composite panel for a head-up display

Info

Publication number: WO2020094419A1
Application number: PCT/EP2019/079128
Authority: WO
Inventors: Stephan GIER; Valentin SCHULZ; Raphaela KANNENGIESSER
Original assignee: Saint-Gobain Glass France
Priority date: 2018-11-05
Filing date: 2019-10-25
Publication date: 2020-05-14
Also published as: CN111417516A

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite panel (1) for a head-up display (HUD) with an upper side (O) and an underside (U), at least comprising an outer panel (2), an inner panel (3) and a stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer (4) with a tapering cross-section arranged between the outer panel (2) and the inner panel (3), wherein the outer panel (2) and/or the inner panel (3) has a tapering cross-section. The invention also relates to a method for producing a composite panel (1) of this type.

Description

Composite pane for a head-up display

The invention relates to a composite pane for a head-up display, a method for its production and its use.

Laminated windows are used in many places these days, especially in vehicle construction. The term vehicle includes road vehicles, airplanes, ships, agricultural machines or work equipment.

Laminated panes are also used in other areas. These include, for example, building glazing or information displays, e.g. in museums or as advertising displays.

A composite pane generally has two panes that are laminated to an intermediate layer. The panes themselves can have a curvature and are generally of constant thickness. The intermediate layer generally has a thermoplastic material, preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB), of a predetermined thickness, e.g. 0.76 mm.

Since the composite panes are often inclined in relation to an observer, there are double images. These double images are due to the fact that, as a rule, incident light does not pass completely through both panes, but that at least part of the light is reflected and only then passes through the second pane. These double images are particularly noticeable in the dark, especially with strong light sources, such as the headlights of an oncoming vehicle. These double images are extremely annoying and a security problem.

Composite panes are also often used as a head-up display (HUD) for displaying information. An image is projected onto the laminated glass panes by means of a projection device in order to display information to the viewer in the field of vision. In the vehicle area, the projection device is arranged, for example, on the dashboard, so that the projected image is reflected in the direction of the viewer on the closest glass surface of the laminated glass pane inclined toward the viewer (cf., for example, EP 0 420 228 B1 or DE 10 2012 21 1 729 A1). . Here again part of the light enters the laminated glass panes and is now, for example, at the inner boundary layer of the The viewer, when viewed from the outer glass surface and the intermediate layer, reflects and then emerges offset from the laminated glass pane. A similar effect, the effect of the ghost images, also occurs here in relation to the image to be displayed.

A pure classical compensation of ghost images leads to an overcompensation for double images in transmission being observed. This leads to the viewer becoming irritated or, in the worst case, receiving incorrect information. This problem can be solved by arranging the surfaces of the disks no longer in parallel, but at a fixed angle. This is achieved, for example, in that the intermediate layer is wedge-shaped with a continuously linear and / or non-linearly increasing and / or decreasing thickness. In vehicle construction, the thickness is typically varied such that the smallest thickness is provided at the lower end of the laminated glass pane towards the engine compartment, while the thickness increases toward the roof.

Composite panes of this type with a wedge-shaped intermediate layer and the optical laws on which they are based are known per se and are described, for example, in the international patent applications WO 2015/086234 A1 and WO 2015/086233 A1 or the German patent applications DE 196 1 1 483 A1 and DE 195 35 053 A1. The wedge-shaped intermediate layers are usually produced by extrusion. However, it is also possible to introduce a wedge angle by stretching a thermoplastic film with an essentially constant thickness in the initial state. The stretching of thermoplastic intermediate layers and laminated glass panes with an stretched intermediate layer are disclosed, for example, in WO 2017/153167 A1, EP 1 800 855 A1, WO 2016/091435 A1 and US 2005/0142332 A1.

As an alternative to arranging a wedge-shaped intermediate layer between two glass panes of constant thickness, a wedge-shaped composite pane can also be realized by arranging an intermediate layer of constant thickness between two glass panes, at least one of which has a wedge-shaped cross section.

EP 3 248 949 A1 and US Pat. No. 7,122,242 B2 disclose methods for the production of float glass panes with a wedge-shaped cross section, as well as composite panes comprising two float glass panes and an intermediate layer, at least one of the float glass panes having a wedge-shaped cross section. JP 2017-105665 discloses a composite pane comprising two glass panes and an intermediate layer between them, at least one of the glass panes having a wedge-shaped cross section and the intermediate layer being able to have a wedge angle.

The present invention has for its object to provide a composite pane for a head-up display with a defined wedge-shaped cross section, which is easy to manufacture. In addition, the present invention has for its object to provide a manufacturing method for a composite pane for a head-up display, with which the wedge angle of a composite pane can be easily adjusted.

The object of the present invention is achieved according to the invention by a composite pane according to claim 1 and a method according to claim 12. Preferred statements emerge from the subclaims.

The composite pane according to the invention comprises an outer pane and an inner pane, which are connected to one another via a thermoplastic intermediate layer.

According to the invention, the thermoplastic intermediate layer is an oriented thermoplastic intermediate layer with a wedge-shaped cross section. I.e. the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer has a thicker first end and a thinner second end. The increase in thickness from the second end to the first end can be continuously linear or non-linear.

According to the invention, the outer pane and / or the inner pane has a wedge-shaped cross section with a thicker first end and a thinner second end.

The composite pane according to the invention has an upper edge and a lower edge. The top edge is the side edge of the composite pane which is intended to point upwards in the installed position. The lower edge is the side edge which is intended to point downwards in the installed position. If the composite windshield is the windshield of a motor vehicle, the upper edge is often also referred to as the roof edge and the lower edge as the engine edge.

The outer pane and the inner pane each have an outer and an inner surface and a circumferential side edge running between them. For the purposes of the invention, the outside surface is the main surface which is intended to face the external environment in the installed position. Within the meaning of the invention, the interior surface is the main surface which is intended to face the interior in the installed position. The interior surface of the outer pane and the outer surface of the inner pane face one another and are connected to one another by the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer.

It goes without saying that the cross section means the cross section in the vertical course between the lower edge and the upper edge. In the case of the composite panes according to the invention, the thickness increases from the lower edge to the upper edge. The thicker first end is thus at the top edge and the thinner second end is at the bottom edge of the composite pane. This applies equally to the thermoplastic intermediate layer with a wedge-shaped cross section and the outer pane and / or inner pane, which has a wedge-shaped cross section.

The outer pane, the stretched intermediate layer and the inner pane are arranged in the composite pane according to the invention in such a way that the ends with the greater thickness are arranged one above the other and the ends with the smaller thickness are arranged one above the other.

In one embodiment, both the outer pane and the inner pane are wedge-shaped, i.e. In this embodiment, the outer pane has a wedge-shaped cross section and the inner pane also has a wedge-shaped cross section.

However, it is also possible for only one of the two panes of the composite panes to have a wedge-shaped cross section. In one embodiment, for example, only the outer pane has a wedge-shaped cross section and the inner pane has no wedge-shaped cross section. In a further embodiment, only the inner pane has a wedge-shaped cross section and the outer pane has no wedge-shaped cross section.

The stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer can have a wedge angle in the range from 0.01 mrad to 0.15 mrad, preferably 0.01 mrad to 0.1 mrad. The sum of the wedge angle of the outer pane and the wedge angle of the inner pane is preferably 0.05 mrad to 0.9 mrad. This means that if only one of the two disks has a wedge-shaped cross section, it preferably has a wedge angle of 0.05 mrad to 0.9 mrad.

The wedge angle of the composite pane according to the invention is preferably 0.1 mrad to 1.0 mrad, particularly preferably 0.15 mrad to 0.75 mrad, very particularly preferably 0.3 mrad to 0.7 mrad.

In one embodiment, the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer contains at least polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyurethane (PU) or mixtures or copolymers or derivatives thereof, preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB), particularly preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and plasticizers.

The stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer can be formed by a single film or by more than one film.

The stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer can be a functional intermediate layer, in particular an intermediate layer with acoustically damping properties, an intermediate layer reflecting infrared radiation, an intermediate layer absorbing infrared radiation, an intermediate layer absorbing UV radiation, an intermediate layer colored at least in sections and / or an intermediate layer tinted at least in sections. For example, the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer can also be a band filter film.

In one embodiment, the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer is a functional intermediate layer with acoustically damping properties. Such an acoustic intermediate layer typically consists of at least three layers, the middle layer having a higher plasticity or elasticity than the outer layers surrounding it, for example as a result of a higher proportion of plasticizers.

In a further embodiment, the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer is a functional intermediate layer with a color function. This means the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer is colored or tinted. The stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer can be tinted or colored over the entire surface. Alternatively, the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer also have a color gradient or a colored pattern. In the case of composite panes which are provided as windscreens, the coloring or tinting is designed such that the composite pane has a light transmission of greater than 70% in the spectral range from 380 nm to 780 nm. In the case of composite panes which are provided as roof panes or rear side panes, the coloring or tinting can also be darker and the composite panes thus have a light transmission of 70% or less in the spectral range from 380 nm to 780 nm. It goes without saying that in embodiments in the case of a windshield, the transmission outside the visible area, in particular in the area adjacent to the roof edge, can also be less than 70%.

In a further embodiment, the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer is a functional intermediate layer with a solar function, in particular with properties that absorb infrared radiation, such as a PVB film in which particles of indium tin oxide (ITO) are contained.

In one embodiment, the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer is designed as an element reflecting infrared radiation, for example as an bilayer comprising infrared radiation comprising a first layer and a carrier film arranged thereon with a coating reflecting infrared radiation, or a trilayer comprising infrared radiation comprising a first layer, a second layer and an intermediate layer arranged carrier film with coating reflecting infrared radiation.

The stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer can also be a functional intermediate layer in which two or more functional properties are combined, for example acoustically damping properties with a color function and / or a solar function.

The composite pane according to the invention can comprise one or more additional intermediate layers, in particular functional intermediate layers, these additional intermediate layers being of essentially constant thickness. I.e. the one or more additional intermediate layers have no wedge angle.

In the present application, an essentially constant thickness of a layer is understood to mean that the thickness of the layer over the length and width in the frame normal manufacturing tolerances is constant. This preferably means that the thickness does not vary by more than 5%, preferably by not more than 3%.

This at least one additional intermediate layer is arranged between the outer pane and the thermoplastic intermediate layer or between the inner pane and the thermoplastic intermediate layer. If the composite pane according to the invention has two or more additional intermediate layers, it is also possible for at least one of the additional intermediate layers to be arranged between the outer pane and the thermoplastic intermediate layer and for at least one of the additional intermediate layer to be arranged between the inner pane and the thermoplastic intermediate layer.

An additional intermediate layer can in particular be an element reflecting infrared radiation, an ultraviolet radiation absorbing layer, a tinted or colored layer, a barrier layer or a combination thereof. If there are several additional intermediate layers, these can also have different functions.

As described above, according to the invention the outer pane and / or the inner pane has a wedge-shaped cross section. The outer pane and / or the inner pane is, in particular, a float glass with a wedge-shaped cross section produced using the float glass process. It can be, for example, a quartz glass, borosilicate glass, aluminosilicate glass or preferably a soda-lime glass.

If only the outer pane is a float glass with a wedge-shaped cross section, the inner pane has an essentially constant thickness and can be made of soda-lime glass, as is customary for window panes, using the float glass process. In this case, however, the inner pane can also be made from other types of glass, for example quartz glass, borosilicate glass or aluminosilicate glass. Alternatively, the inner pane in this case can also not be produced using the float glass process and made of rigid, clear plastics, for example polycarbonate or polymethyl methacrylate.

If only the inner pane is a float glass with a wedge-shaped cross section, the outer pane has an essentially constant one Thickness and can be made of soda-lime glass, as is usual for window panes, in the float glass process. In this case, however, the outer pane can also be made from other types of glass, for example quartz glass, borosilicate glass or aluminosilicate glass. Alternatively, the outer pane in this case cannot be produced using the float glass process and can be made of rigid, clear plastics, for example polycarbonate or polymethyl methacrylate.

In one embodiment, the outer pane and / or the inner pane is a flat glass, in particular a float glass produced in a float glass process.

The outer pane and / or the inner pane can have anti-reflective coatings, non-stick coatings, anti-scratch coatings, photocatalytic coatings, electrically heatable coatings, sun protection coatings and / or low-E coatings.

The thickness of the outer pane and the inner pane can vary widely and can thus be adapted to individual requirements. The outer pane and the inner pane preferably have thicknesses of 1 mm to 5 mm, particularly preferably from 1 mm to 3 mm, the greatest thickness being meant in each case in the case of wedge-shaped panes. For example, the outer pane at the thicker first end is 2.1 mm thick and the inner pane at the thicker first end is 1.6 mm thick. The outer pane or in particular the inner pane can also be thin glass with a thickness of, for example, 0.55 mm.

The thickness of the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer is, for example, 0.76 mm to 0.84 mm at the thicker first end and, for example, at least 0.55 mm, preferably at least 0.65 mm, at the thinner second end, with the proviso that the thickness at the thinner second end is less than the thickness at the thicker first end.

Thermoplastic films, in particular PVB films, are sold in standard thicknesses such as 0.38 mm, 0.76 mm and 0.84 mm. However, thermoplastic films, in particular PVB films, are sold in thicknesses of 1.14 mm or 1.52 mm. Thermoplastic films with acoustic damping properties are sold, for example, in thicknesses of 0.50 mm and 0.84 mm. Leave out of all these foils advantageous wedge-shaped stretched thermoplastic intermediate layers are produced by stretching.

The person skilled in the art subsequently recognizes whether a wedge angle is formed by stretching or by extrusion, in particular by the typical course of the thickness in the vicinity of the lower edge and / or upper edge.

The height of the outer pane and the inner pane, i.e. in the case of a windshield, the distance between the roof edge of the composite pane and the motor edge of the composite pane is preferably between 0.8 m and 1.40 m, particularly preferably between 0.9 m and 1.25 m. It goes without saying that the height of the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer and the optional additional intermediate layers is preferably between 0.8 m and 1.40 m, particularly preferably between 0.9 m and 1.25 m.

The composite pane according to the invention can be a vehicle pane. A vehicle window is provided to separate a vehicle interior from an external environment. A vehicle window is therefore a window pane which is inserted into a window opening in the vehicle body or is provided for this purpose. A composite pane according to the invention is in particular a windshield of a motor vehicle.

In the case of a vehicle window, the inner window is the window which is intended to face the interior of the vehicle in the installed position. The outer pane is the pane which is intended to face the external environment of the vehicle in the installed position.

The outer pane and the inner pane can, independently of one another, be clear and colorless, but also tinted, cloudy or colored. In a preferred embodiment, the total transmission through the composite pane is greater than 70%, in particular if the composite pane is a windshield. The term total transmission refers to the procedure for testing the light transmission of motor vehicle windows as defined by ECE-R 43, Appendix 3, § 9.1. The outer pane and the inner pane can consist, for example, of non-toughened, partially toughened or toughened glass. io

A composite pane according to the invention can additionally comprise a cover print, in particular made of a dark, preferably black, enamel. The masking print is in particular a peripheral, i.e. frame-like, masking print. The peripheral masking print serves primarily as UV protection for the assembly adhesive of the composite pane. The masking print can be opaque and cover the entire surface. The masking print can also be semitransparent, at least in sections, for example as a dot pattern, strip pattern or checkered pattern. Alternatively, the cover print can also have a gradient, for example from an opaque cover to a semi-transparent cover. The masking pressure is usually applied to the interior surface of the outer pane or to the interior surface of the inner pane.

The composite pane according to the invention is preferably bent in one or more directions of space, as is customary for motor vehicle panes, typical radii of curvature being in the range from approximately 10 cm to approximately 40 m. The laminated glass can also be flat, for example if it is intended as a pane for buses, trains or tractors.

The composite pane according to the invention can be used as a head-up display (HUD) for displaying information.

The invention also relates to a projection arrangement for a head-up display (HUD) at least comprising a composite pane according to the invention and a projector. As is usual with HUDs, the projector illuminates an area of the windshield where the radiation is reflected in the direction of the viewer (driver), which creates a virtual image that the viewer sees from behind the windshield. The area of the windshield that can be irradiated by the projector is referred to as the HUD area. The beam direction of the projector can typically be varied by mirrors, in particular vertically, in order to adapt the projection to the size of the viewer. The area in which the viewer's eyes must be at a given mirror position is called the eyebox window. This eyebox window can be moved vertically by adjusting the mirrors, the entire area accessible thereby (ie the overlay of all possible eyebox windows) being referred to as an eyebox. A viewer inside the eyebox can view the virtual image perceive. Of course, this means that the viewer's eyes have to be inside the eyebox, not the entire body.

The technical terms used here from the field of HUDs are generally known to the person skilled in the art. For a detailed description, please refer to the dissertation "Simulation-based measurement technology for testing head-up displays" by Alexander Neumann at the Institute of Computer Science at the Technical University of Munich (Munich: University Library of the Technical University of Munich, 2012), in particular Chapter 2 "The Head Up display ”.

The preferred embodiments of the composite pane according to the invention described above also apply accordingly to the projection arrangement comprising a composite pane according to the invention and a projector.

The invention also relates to a method for producing a composite pane for a head-up display (HUD), the composite pane having an outer pane, an inner pane and an oriented thermoplastic intermediate layer with a wedge-shaped cross section arranged between the outer pane and the inner pane, and the outer pane and / or the inner pane has a wedge-shaped cross section, and in the method at least:

(a) an outer pane and an inner pane are provided, the outer pane and / or the inner pane having a wedge-shaped cross section;

(b) providing an oriented thermoplastic intermediate layer with a wedge-shaped cross-section;

(c) the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer is arranged flat between the outer pane and the inner pane; and

d) the outer pane, the stretched intermediate layer and the inner pane are connected by lamination.

According to the invention is also a method for producing a composite pane with a desired wedge angle K1, at least:

(a) the desired wedge angle K1 is determined;

(b) an outer pane and an inner pane are provided, the outer pane and / or the inner pane having a wedge-shaped cross section and the sum KS of the wedge angle K2 of the outer pane and the wedge angle K3 of the inner pane being smaller than the desired wedge angle K1; (c) the difference KD between the desired wedge angle K1 and the sum KS is determined;

(d) an stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer with a wedge-shaped cross section is provided, the wedge angle K4 of the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer corresponding to the difference KD;

(e) the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer is arranged flat between the outer pane and the inner pane; and

(f) the outer pane, the stretched intermediate layer and the inner pane are connected by lamination.

Consequently, the following relationships apply between the desired wedge angle K1, the wedge angle K2 of the outer pane, the wedge angle K3 of the inner pane, the wedge angle K4 of the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer, the difference KD and / or the sum KS:

KS = K2 + K3

K1 = K2 + K3 + K4 = KS + K4

KD = K1 - KS = K1 - (K2 + K3)

K4 = KD = K1 - KS = K1 - (K2 + K3)

A stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer can be produced, for example, by stretching a heated thermoplastic intermediate layer of constant thickness over a so-called stretching cone. The thermoplastic intermediate layer with a constant thickness, or at least individual foils thereof, can preferably be produced in the extrusion process. Since the stretching radius correlates with the wedge angle to be achieved, the person skilled in the art can produce a stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer with a predetermined wedge angle by varying the stretching radius. The person skilled in the art knows which stretching cone must be used in the stretching process as a function of the wedge angle desired for the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer.

The following relationship exists between the wedge angle K4 of the thermoplastic intermediate layer, the initial thickness D of the thermoplastic intermediate layer before the stretching process, the stretching radius R and the height H of the thermoplastic intermediate layer:

D

K \ =

R + H The method can additionally comprise the steps of providing at least one additional intermediate layer and arranging this independently of one another between the outer pane and the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer or between the inner pane and the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer. The at least one additional intermediate layer has a substantially constant thickness. When an additional intermediate layer is provided, it can thus be arranged between the outer pane and the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer or between the inner pane and the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer. If more than one additional intermediate layer is provided, these can either be arranged between the outer pane and the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer or between the inner pane and the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer, or it can be between the outer pane and the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer as well as between the inner pane and the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer additional intermediate layers can be arranged.

The at least one additional intermediate layer is preferably a functional intermediate layer, in particular an IR-reflecting layer, a UV-absorbing layer, a tinted or colored layer, a barrier layer or a combination thereof. If there are several additional intermediate layers, these can also have different functions.

The method according to the invention offers the advantage that the wedge angle can be finely adjusted by introducing an stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer with a wedge-shaped cross section. In the case of stretched thermoplastic intermediate layers, the wedge angle of the intermediate layer can be easily adjusted by selecting a suitable stretching radius. In the production of wedge-shaped float glass, the production of panes with different wedge angles is significantly more complex, so that generally only panes with a number of specific wedge angles, for example 0.1 mrad, 0.2, mrad, 0.3 mrad, 0, 4 mrad, 0.5 mrad, 0.6 mrad can be manufactured. The use of an stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer enables the wedge angle of a composite pane composed of an outer pane and an inner pane and a thermoplastic intermediate layer to be adjusted in a simple manner, the outer pane and / or the inner pane having a wedge-shaped cross section. For example, to produce a composite pane with a wedge angle of 0.55 mrad, an outer pane with a wedge angle of 0.5 mrad, an inner pane of constant thickness (wedge angle equal to 0 mrad) and an oriented thermoplastic intermediate layer with a wedge angle of 0.05 mrad can be laminated .

It goes without saying that in the method according to the invention the outer pane, the stretched intermediate layer and the inner pane are arranged in such a way that the ends with the greater thickness are arranged one above the other and the ends with the smaller thickness are arranged one above the other, since otherwise would at least partially cancel the wedge angles.

If the composite pane is to be curved, the outer pane and the inner pane are preferably subjected to a bending process before the lamination. The outer pane and the inner pane are preferably bent congruently together (i.e. at the same time and by the same tool), because this way the shape of the panes is optimally coordinated for the later lamination. Typical temperatures for glass bending processes are, for example, 500 ° C to 700 ° C.

The preferred embodiments of the composite pane according to the invention described above also apply correspondingly to methods for producing a composite pane according to the invention.

The invention also relates to the use of a composite pane according to the invention as a vehicle pane in means of transportation for traffic on land, in the air or on water, in particular in motor vehicles and in particular in a windshield in a motor vehicle.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to drawings and exemplary embodiments. The drawings are schematic and are not to scale. The drawings in no way limit the invention.

Show it:

Figure 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of a composite pane according to the invention. 2 shows the cross section through the composite pane according to FIG. 1 along the section line X--

X '; 3 shows the cross section of an embodiment of a composite pane according to the invention;

4 shows the cross section of an embodiment of a composite pane according to the invention;

5 shows the cross section of an embodiment of a composite pane according to the invention;

6 shows the cross section of an embodiment of a composite pane according to the invention;

7 shows the cross section of an embodiment of a projection arrangement according to the invention;

8 shows a flowchart of an embodiment of the method according to the invention; and FIG. 9 shows a flow diagram of a further embodiment of the method according to the invention.

1 shows a plan view of an embodiment of a composite pane 1 according to the invention, and FIG. 2 shows the cross section through this composite pane 1 along the section line X-X '.

The composite pane 1 is composed of an outer pane 2 and an inner pane 3, which are connected to one another via an stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer 4. In the installed position, the outer pane 2 faces the external environment, the inner pane 3 faces the vehicle interior. The outer pane 2 has an outside surface I, which in the installed position faces the external environment, and an interior-side surface II, which in the installed position faces the interior. Likewise, the inner pane 3 has an outside surface III, which in the installed position faces the external environment, and an interior-side surface IV, which in the installed position faces the interior. The lower edge U of the composite pane 1 is arranged downwards in the direction of the motor of the passenger car, its upper edge O upwards in the direction of the roof. The HUD area B can also be seen in FIGS. 1 and 2.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, both the outer pane 2 and the inner pane 3 have a wedge-shaped cross section. Both the outer pane 2 and the inner pane 3 thus have a thicker first end and a thinner second end. The wedge angle of the outer pane 2 is identified by K2 and is, for example, 0.3 mrad. The wedge angle of the inner pane 3 is identified by K3 and is, for example, 0.3 mrad. The wedge angle of the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer 4 is identified by K4 and is, for example, 0.05 mrad. The composite pane 1 thus has a wedge angle K1 of 0.65 mrad in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2. The outer pane 2 and the inner pane 3 consist, for example, of soda-lime glass. The outer pane 2 has a thickness of 2.1 mm at the thicker first end, for example, the inner pane 6 has a thickness of 1.6 mm at the thicker first end. The stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer 4 is formed, for example, from a single layer of thermoplastic material, for example from a PVB film with a thickness of 0.76 mm in the initial state before stretching.

3 shows the cross section of a further embodiment of a composite pane 1 according to the invention. The composite disc 1 shown in cross section in FIG. 3 differs from the composite disc 1 shown in FIG. 2 in particular in that only the outer disc 2 has a wedge-shaped cross section with a thicker first end and a thinner second end, the inner disc 3 is one Disc of substantially constant thickness. The thickness of the inner pane 3 is, for example, 1.6 mm and the wedge angle K3 is 0.00 mrad. The thickness of the outer pane 2 at the thicker first end is, for example, 2.1 mm and the wedge angle K2 of the outer pane 2 is, for example, 0.3 mrad. The wedge angle K4 of the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer 4 is, for example, 0.07 mrad, so that the composite pane 1 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 has a wedge angle K1 of 0.37 mrad. The stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer 4 is formed, for example, from a single layer of thermoplastic material, for example from a PVB film with a thickness of 0.76 mm in the initial state before stretching.

4 shows the cross section of a further embodiment of a composite pane 1 according to the invention. The composite disc 1 shown in cross section in FIG. 4 differs from the composite disc 1 shown in FIG. 2 in particular in that only the inner disc 3 has a wedge-shaped cross section with a thicker first end and a thinner second end, the outer disc 2 is one Disc of substantially constant thickness. The thickness of the outer pane 2 is, for example, 2.1 mm and the wedge angle K2 is 0.00 mrad. The thickness of the inner pane 3 at the thicker first end is, for example, 1.6 mm and the wedge angle K3 of the inner pane is, for example, 0.3 mrad. The wedge angle K4 of the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer is, for example, 0.05 mrad, so that the composite pane 1 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 has a wedge angle K1 of 0.35 mrad. The stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer 4 is made, for example, from a single layer of thermoplastic material formed, for example from a PVB film with a thickness of 0.76 mm in the initial state before stretching.

5 shows the cross section of a further embodiment of a composite pane 1 according to the invention. The composite pane 1 shown in cross section in FIG. 5 differs from the composite pane 1 shown in FIG. 4 only in that the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer 4 is an intermediate layer with acoustically damping properties, consisting of a first protective layer 5a, an acoustically damping layer 5b and a second protective layer 5c and a total thickness of 0.84 mm in the initial state before stretching.

6 shows the cross section of a further embodiment of a composite pane 1 according to the invention. The embodiment shown in FIG. 6 differs from that shown in FIG. 3 only in that an additional intermediate layer 6 is arranged between the inner pane 3 and the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer 4. The additional intermediate layer 6 is, for example, a colored PVB film with an essentially constant thickness of 0.76 mm.

FIG. 7 shows the cross section of an embodiment of a projection arrangement 10 according to the invention. The projection arrangement 10 comprises a composite pane 1, in particular the windshield of a passenger car. In the projection arrangement 10 shown in FIG. 7, the composite pane 1 corresponds to the composite pane 1 shown in FIG. 2. The projection arrangement 10 also comprises a projector 12, which is directed onto an area B of the composite pane 1. In the area B, which is usually referred to as the HUD area, the projector 12 can generate images which are perceived by a viewer 11 (vehicle driver) as virtual images on the side of the composite pane 1 facing away from him, if his Eyes are inside the so-called Eyebox E.

1 to 7, the composite pane 1 is shown as a flat for simplification. If the composite pane 1 is a windshield, it is preferably bent in one or more directions in space, as is customary for motor vehicle panes, with typical radii of curvature in the range from approximately 10 cm to approximately 40 m. 8 shows a flow diagram of an embodiment of the method according to the invention for producing a composite pane 1 according to the invention.

In a first step I, the method comprises providing an outer pane 2 and an inner pane 3, the outer pane 2 and / or the inner pane 3 having a wedge-shaped cross section.

In a second step II, the method comprises providing an oriented thermoplastic intermediate layer 4 which has a wedge-shaped cross section.

In a third step III, the method comprises arranging the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer 4 flat between the outer pane 2 and the inner pane 3.

In a fourth step IV, the method comprises connecting the outer pane 2, the stretched intermediate layer 4 and the inner pane 3 by lamination.

9 shows a flow diagram of a further embodiment of the method according to the invention for producing a composite pane 1 according to the invention.

In a first step I, the method comprises determining the desired wedge angle K1 of the composite pane 1.

In a second step II, the method comprises providing a first one

Outer pane 2 and an inner pane 3, the outer pane 2 and / or the inner pane 3 having a wedge-shaped cross section and the sum KS from the wedge angle K2 of the outer pane 2 and the wedge angle K3 of the inner pane 3 being smaller than the desired wedge angle K1.

In a third step III, the method comprises determining the difference KD between the desired wedge angle K1 of the composite pane 1 and the sum KS.

In a fourth step IV, the method comprises providing an oriented thermoplastic intermediate layer 4, which has a wedge-shaped cross section, the Wedge angle K4 of the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer 4 corresponds to the difference KD.

In a fifth step V, the method comprises arranging the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer 4 flat between the outer pane 2 and the inner pane 3.

In a sixth step VI, the method comprises connecting the outer pane 2, the stretched intermediate layer 4 and the inner pane 3 by lamination.

Reference symbol list:

1 composite disc

2 outer pane

3 inner pane

4 thermoplastic intermediate layer

5a first protective layer

5b acoustically damping layer

5c second protective layer

6 additional intermediate layers

10 projection arrangement

11 viewers, vehicle drivers

12 projector

B HUD area of the composite pane 1

E Eyebox, eyebox window

K1 (desired) wedge angle of the composite washer

K2 wedge angle of the outer pane

K3 wedge angle of the inner pane

K4 wedge angle of the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer

KS Sum of the wedge angle of the outer pane and the wedge angle of the inner pane;

KS = K2 + K3;

KD Difference between the desired wedge angle of the composite pane and the sum of the wedge angle of the outer pane and the wedge angle of the inner pane

KD = K1 - KS

O upper pane edge / upper edge / roof edge of the composite pane

U lower pane edge / lower edge / motor edge of the composite pane

Claims

1. composite disc (1) for a head-up display (HUD), at least comprehensively

- an outer pane (2);

- an inner pane (3); and

- A thermoplastic intermediate layer (4) with a wedge-shaped cross section arranged between the outer pane (2) and the inner pane (3);

wherein the outer pane (2) and / or the inner pane (3) has a wedge-shaped cross section.

2. Composite pane (1) according to claim 1, wherein the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer (4) has a wedge angle in the range from 0.01 mrad to 0.15 mrad, preferably 0.01 mrad to 0.1 mrad.

3. composite disc (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sum (KS) of the wedge angle (K2) of the outer pane (2) and the wedge angle (K3) of the inner pane (3) is 0.05 mrad to 0.9 mrad .

4. Composite disc (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the wedge angle (K1) of the composite disc (1) 0.1 mrad to 1.0 mrad, preferably 0.15 mrad to 0.75 mrad, particularly preferably 0, 3 mrad to 0.7 mrad.

5. Composite pane (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the thermoplastic intermediate layer (4) at least polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyurethane (PU) or mixtures or copolymers or derivatives thereof, preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB), particularly preferably contains polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and plasticizers.

6. Composite pane (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer (4) is a functional intermediate layer, in particular an intermediate layer with acoustically damping properties, an infrared layer reflecting infrared radiation, an infrared layer absorbing infrared radiation, absorbing UV radiation Intermediate layer, an intermediate layer colored at least in sections and / or an intermediate layer tinted at least in sections.

7. Composite pane (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the outer pane (2) and / or the inner pane (3) is a flat glass, in particular a float glass produced in a float glass process.

8. Composite pane (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, additionally comprising at least one additional intermediate layer (6) which has a substantially constant thickness, in particular an infrared radiation-absorbing layer, an infrared radiation-reflecting layer, a UV-radiation-absorbing layer, a tinted or colored layer, a barrier layer, or a combination thereof.

9. Composite pane (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the outer pane (2) and / or the inner pane (3) anti-reflective coatings, non-stick coatings, anti-scratch coatings, photocatalytic coatings, electrically heatable coatings, sun protection coatings and / or low-E coatings having.

10. Composite pane (1) according to claim 9, wherein the composite pane (1) is a vehicle pane, in particular a windshield for a motor vehicle.

11. Projection arrangement (10) for a head-up display (HUD) for displaying information for a viewer (1 1) in a HUD area (B), at least comprising:

a composite disc (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, and

a projector (12) directed towards the HUD area (B).

12. A method for producing a composite pane (1) for a head-up display (HUD) according to one of claims 1 to 10, at least comprising the following steps:

(a) providing an outer pane (2) and an inner pane (3), the outer pane (2) and / or the inner pane (3) having a wedge-shaped cross section;

(b) providing an oriented thermoplastic intermediate layer (4) with a wedge-shaped cross section;

(c) arranging the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer (4) flat between the outer pane (2) and the inner pane (3); (d) connecting the outer pane (2), the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer (4) and the inner pane (3) by lamination.

13. The method according to claim 12 for producing a composite disc (1) with a desired wedge angle (K1), at least comprising the following steps:

(a) determining the desired wedge angle (K1) of the composite disc (1);

(b) Providing an outer pane (2) and an inner pane (3), the outer pane (2) and / or the inner pane (3) having a wedge-shaped cross section and the sum (KS) from the wedge angle (K2) of the outer pane (2 ) and the wedge angle (K3) of the inner pane (3) is smaller than the desired wedge angle (K1);

(c) determination of the difference (KD) between the desired wedge angle (K1) and the sum (KS)

(d) providing an stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer (4) with a wedge-shaped cross-section, the wedge angle (K4) of the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer (4) corresponding to the difference (KD);

(e) arranging the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer (4) flat between the outer pane (2) and the inner pane (3); and

(f) connecting the outer pane (2), the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer (4) and the inner pane (3) by lamination.

14. The method according to claim 12 or 13, additionally comprising the steps of providing at least one additional intermediate layer (6) with a substantially constant thickness and arranging this independently of one another between the outer pane (2) and the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer (4) or between the Inner pane (3) and the stretched thermoplastic intermediate layer (4).

15. Use of the composite pane (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10 as a vehicle pane in means of transportation for traffic on land, in the air or on water, in particular in motor vehicles and in particular as a windshield, which as a projection surface of a projection arrangement for a head Up display is used.