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WO2019015314A1 - 背光模组及显示装置 - Google Patents

背光模组及显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019015314A1
WO2019015314A1 PCT/CN2018/076235 CN2018076235W WO2019015314A1 WO 2019015314 A1 WO2019015314 A1 WO 2019015314A1 CN 2018076235 W CN2018076235 W CN 2018076235W WO 2019015314 A1 WO2019015314 A1 WO 2019015314A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
backlight module
light
dimming
light source
liquid crystal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/076235
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王雪绒
禹璐
马俊杰
陈雷
高斐
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
北京京东方光电科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司, 北京京东方光电科技有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to US16/084,902 priority Critical patent/US10969624B2/en
Publication of WO2019015314A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019015314A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133615—Edge-illuminating devices, i.e. illuminating from the side
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
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    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
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    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0023—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
    • G02B6/0025—Diffusing sheet or layer; Prismatic sheet or layer
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    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0023—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
    • G02B6/0031—Reflecting element, sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/13334—Plasma addressed liquid crystal cells [PALC]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133603—Direct backlight with LEDs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0053—Prismatic sheet or layer; Brightness enhancement element, sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133601—Illuminating devices for spatial active dimming
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G02F1/133607—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members the light controlling member including light directing or refracting elements, e.g. prisms or lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133612—Electrical details

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a backlight module and a display device.
  • a backlight module including a light source assembly, a light rendering film disposed on a light exiting side of the light source assembly, wherein the light rendering film includes a plurality of light dimming units arranged in a matrix;
  • the dimming unit is configured to receive the dimming signal and change a transmittance of the dimming unit according to the dimming signal.
  • the dimming unit includes a transmittance adjustment layer and a control electrode for controlling the transmittance adjustment layer, and the control electrode is configured to control the transmission according to the dimming signal generation The rate adjusts the electric field of the light transmittance of the layer.
  • control electrode includes first and second electrodes on opposite sides of the transmittance adjustment layer.
  • controlling the light transmittance of the light transmittance adjusting layer includes controlling the haze of the transmittance adjusting layer.
  • the transmittance adjusting layer comprises a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer.
  • the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer has a thickness of 120 ⁇ m ⁇ 5 ⁇ m.
  • the transmittance adjusting layer includes a polymer stabilizing liquid crystal layer, and an alignment layer located on both sides of the polymer stabilizing liquid crystal layer.
  • the transmittance adjusting layer includes a liquid crystal layer and an alignment layer on both sides of the liquid crystal layer.
  • the illumination rendering film further includes an insulating protective layer covering the first electrode and/or the second electrode.
  • the light source assembly includes a light guide plate and a light source located on at least one side of the light guide plate.
  • the light source assembly further includes a diffusion sheet on the light exit side of the light guide plate, at least one prism sheet, and a reflection sheet on an opposite side of the light exit side of the light guide plate.
  • the light source assembly includes an array of light sources, a diffuser plate sequentially located on a light exit side of the light source array, and at least one prism sheet.
  • the at least one prism sheet includes a first prism sheet and a second prism sheet; the first prism sheet includes a prism extending in a first direction, and the second prism sheet includes extending in a second direction
  • the prism, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.
  • the backlight module further includes a processor configured to provide the dimming signal to the dimming unit.
  • the plurality of dimming units are configured to be capable of independently accepting different dimming signals.
  • Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a display device comprising: a display panel; and the backlight module according to any of the above, configured to provide the light source.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a backlight module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the transmittance of each dimming unit in the illumination rendering film of FIG. 1;
  • Figure 3a is a schematic view showing a display image without local dimming
  • Figure 3b is an image after high dynamic illumination rendering of the image shown in Figure 3a;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the dimming unit of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the light-rendering film of FIG. 1; FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is another schematic structural view of the light-rendering film of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a light transmission state of the transmittance adjusting layer of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a light transmission state of each dimming unit in the illumination rendering film of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing another light transmission state of the transmittance adjusting layer of FIG. 4; FIG.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural view of the transmittance adjusting layer of Figure 4.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural view of the transmittance adjusting layer of Figure 4.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic structural view of the first prism sheet and the second prism sheet of Figure 11;
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of another display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a backlight module 01.
  • the light source assembly 10 includes a light-emitting film 20 disposed on a light-emitting side of the light source assembly 10.
  • the illumination rendering film 20 includes a plurality of dimming units 201 arranged in a matrix.
  • Each dimming unit 201 is configured to receive a dimming signal, and change a transmittance of the dimming unit 201 itself according to the dimming signal.
  • the backlight assembly 10 described above includes a light source for providing light.
  • the light source can for example consist of an LED lamp or an LED strip.
  • the backlight module 01 described above can be applied to a display device that includes a processor.
  • the processor may separately issue the dimming signal to each of the dimming units 201.
  • the processor may be disposed in the backlight module 01 or external to the backlight module 01.
  • the processor may divide the image to be displayed, each region corresponding to the one dimming unit 201, and then the processor. Determining whether each of the regions in the display image is a bright field region or a dark field region, and generating the dimming signal according to the determination result, so that the dimming unit 201 can receive the dimming signal according to the adjustment.
  • the optical signal changes the transmittance of the dimming unit 201 itself. Thereby, the transmittance of the dimming unit 201 corresponding to the bright field region is increased, and the transmittance of the dimming unit 201 corresponding to the dark field region is lowered.
  • the bright field area of the displayed image is brighter and the dark field area is darker, so that more image details can be displayed, and the high dynamic illumination rendering is achieved.
  • FIG. 3a is an image that has not undergone the above-described dimming process, in which the background behind the tree is entirely white.
  • the image shown in Figure 3a is rendered by the above described high dynamic illumination.
  • the processor divides the entire image into regions, and determines that the tree, the mountain, and the blue sky belong to the dark field region, and the white cloud belongs to the bright field region.
  • a plurality of dark field regions or bright field regions may be sorted according to the brightness and darkness of the regions defined in the image to be displayed. For example, the darkness of trees, mountains, and blue sky in Figure 3a is successively decreasing.
  • the transmittances of the dimming units 201 corresponding to the dark field regions where the trees, mountains, and blue sky are respectively increased sequentially.
  • the dimming unit 201 corresponding to the bright field area where the white cloud is located has the highest transmittance, so that the details of the scenery behind the tree can be displayed.
  • the purpose of area dimming can be achieved, so that the details of the displayed image are more clear.
  • dimming unit 201 Some exemplary structures of the above-described dimming unit 201 will be described in detail below.
  • the dimming unit 201 includes a first electrode 210 and a second electrode 220 disposed opposite to each other, and a transmittance adjusting layer 230 between the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220. .
  • the first electrode and the second electrode disposed on both sides of the light transmittance adjusting layer are described as an example, but the embodiment according to the present disclosure is not limited thereto as long as the light transmittance adjusting layer can be controlled. Any suitable control electrode can be applied to the above dimming unit by the electric field of the transmittance.
  • the processor may output the dimming signal to the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220, respectively.
  • the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220 disposed opposite each other may generate an electric field for controlling the haze of the transmittance adjusting layer 230 according to the dimming signal. That is, the electric fields generated by the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220 are different, and the haze of the transmittance adjusting layer 230 is also different.
  • the material constituting the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220 may be a transparent conductive material such as Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) or Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO).
  • ITO Indium Tin Oxide
  • IZO Indium Zinc Oxide
  • the illumination rendering film 20 further includes an insulating protective layer 202 covering the first electrode 210 and/or the second electrode 220.
  • the material forming the insulating protective layer 202 may be a transparent resin material such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • the adjacent two dimming units 201 need to be independently controlled. That is to say, the plurality of dimming units can independently receive different dimming signals, thereby independently controlling the brightness of different regions of the backlight module.
  • the structure of the above-described illumination rendering film 20 is as shown in FIG. 5, and there is a gap or a retaining wall between the structures connecting the two dimming units 201.
  • the first electrodes 210 (or the second electrodes 220) of all the dimming units 201 are connected, and the adjacent second electrodes 220 (or the first electrodes 210) and the adjacent two There is a gap or a retaining wall between the transmittance adjusting layers 230.
  • the above-described transmittance adjusting layer 230 includes a Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal (PDLC).
  • the PDLC is composed of a polymer monomer 2302 and liquid crystal droplets 2301 dispersed in the polymer monomer 2302.
  • the polymer monomer 2302 has a large specific gravity in the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer, so that the liquid crystal is dispersed in the polymer monomer in the form of the above liquid crystal droplets.
  • the thickness of the above polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer is, for example, 120 ⁇ m ⁇ 5 ⁇ m in consideration of production cost and production precision.
  • the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220 may be connected to a voltage source.
  • the voltage source is connected to the above processor.
  • the voltage source outputs a voltage matching the dimming signal to the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220, respectively, according to a dimming signal output from the processor to the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220.
  • liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal droplets 2301 are arranged in an unordered manner in each of the liquid crystal droplets 2301. In this case, most of the light incident on the PDLC is dispersed by the disordered liquid crystal molecules, and the parallel light emitted from the light source unit 10 cannot be emitted in a parallel state.
  • the transmittance of the transmittance adjusting layer 230 is large, and the parallel light transmittance is only 5%.
  • the dimming unit 201 having the transmittance adjusting layer 230 is in a fog state as shown in FIG. In this case, the area corresponding to the dimming unit 201 in the image to be displayed receives less parallel light and has a smaller brightness.
  • the voltage applied to the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220 is large, for example, an alternating current (AC) of about 30 V or so.
  • the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220 can generate a certain electric field, and under the action of the electric field, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal droplets 2301 are driven to be deflected.
  • the electric fields of the liquid crystal molecules located in the same dimming unit 201 are the same, so the deflection angle is also the same.
  • liquid crystal molecules in the same dimming unit 201 are arranged in an orderly manner in each of the liquid crystal droplets 2301. As shown in FIG. 9, most of the light incident on the PDLC can be kept in a parallel state.
  • the transmittance adjustment layer 230 has a haze of 2%, and the parallel light transmittance can reach 90%, and has the transmittance.
  • the dimming unit 201 of the adjustment layer 230 is in a transmission state as shown in FIG. In this case, the area corresponding to the dimming unit 201 in the image to be displayed receives more parallel light and has a larger brightness.
  • the transmittance of each dimming unit 201 can be adjusted within a range of 5% to 90%, thereby causing The amount of parallel light received by the corresponding regions of the different dimming units 201 is different to achieve the purpose of regional dimming. Based on this, the transmittances of the plurality of dimming units 201 in the transparent state (or the fog state) in FIG. 8 may be different.
  • FIG. 8 exemplarily shows two adjustment units 201 having a transmission state.
  • the present disclosure does not limit the number of adjustment units 201 having a transparent state or a fog state. Those skilled in the art can make settings according to the image to be displayed.
  • the above-described transmittance adjusting layer 230 includes a Polymer Stabilized Liquid Crystal (PSLC), and an alignment layer 2303 located on both sides of the polymer-stabilized liquid crystal layer.
  • PSLC Polymer Stabilized Liquid Crystal
  • liquid crystal molecules 2304 For example, a higher content of liquid crystal molecules 2304 is included in the PSLC to be in a continuous phase.
  • polymer monomer 2032 is also included. The polymer monomer 2032 is dispersed in a network form by liquid crystal molecules 2304.
  • the liquid crystal molecules 2304 are arranged in an orderly manner under the orientation of the above-mentioned alignment layer 2303. At this time, the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 2304 matches the refractive index of the polymer monomer 2032, so that most of the light incident to the PSLC can be kept in a parallel state.
  • the transmittance adjusting layer 230 has a high transmittance and a low haze, so that the dimming unit 201 having the transmittance adjusting layer 230 is in a transparent state as shown in FIG. .
  • the dimming unit 201 having the transmittance adjusting layer 230 is in a transparent state as shown in FIG. .
  • the brightness is large.
  • the liquid crystal molecules 2304 can be driven to deflect in the direction of the electric field.
  • the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 2304 does not match the refractive index of the polymer monomer 2032, so that the transmittance of the transmittance adjusting layer 230 is lowered, so that the dimming unit having the transmittance adjusting layer 230 is lowered.
  • 201 is in a fog state as shown in FIG. In the image corresponding to the dimming unit 201 in the image to be displayed, less parallel light is received and the brightness is small.
  • the degree of matching between the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 2304 and the refractive index of the polymer monomer 2032 can be adjusted, thereby causing the image to be displayed.
  • the amount of parallel light received by the region corresponding to the different dimming units 201 is different to achieve the purpose of regional dimming.
  • the transmittance adjusting layer 230 includes a liquid crystal layer 2305 and an alignment layer 2303 located on both sides of the liquid crystal layer 2305.
  • the liquid crystal layer 2305 includes uniformly distributed liquid crystal molecules 2304.
  • the deflection direction of the liquid crystal molecules 2304 in the liquid crystal layer 2305 is controlled by the vertical electric field constituted by the first electrode 210 and the second electrode 220 to adjust the light transmittance of the liquid crystal layer 2305.
  • the purpose of adjusting the transmittance of the transmittance adjusting layer 230 is achieved, so that the dimming unit 201 corresponding to the dark field region in the image to be displayed is in a fog state, and the dimming unit 201 corresponding to the bright field region is transparent. Over the state.
  • the backlight module 01 is a side-in type as shown in FIG.
  • the light source assembly 10 includes a light guide plate 101 and a light source 102 located on at least one side of the light guide plate 101.
  • the light source 102 described above includes a plurality of LED lamps arranged in a row.
  • the light source 102 is an LED light bar.
  • light incident from the side surface of the light source 102 provided on the side of the light guide plate 101 can be introduced to the entire light incident surface of the illumination rendering film 20 by the light guide plate 101.
  • the light source unit 10 further includes a diffusion sheet 103 on the light exiting side of the light guide plate 101, at least one prism sheet 104, and a reflection sheet 105 on the opposite side of the light exit surface of the light guide plate 101.
  • the diffusion sheet 103 is for diffusing light to increase the diffusivity of the light emitted from the light source unit 10.
  • the prism sheet 104 will be concentrated in a smaller range by the light from the diffusion sheet 103, thereby achieving a brightening effect.
  • the at least one prism sheet 104 includes a first prism sheet 1041 and a second prism sheet 1042.
  • the extending direction X of the prism 114 on the first prism sheet 1041 is perpendicular to the extending direction Y of the prism 114 on the second prism sheet 1042.
  • the first prism sheet 1041 can brighten the outgoing light in the X direction.
  • the second prism sheet 1042 can brighten the emitted light in the Y direction, so that the brightness of the light emitted through the entire prism sheet 104 is uniform.
  • the reflective sheet 105 can reflect the light emitted from the light source 102 to the light guide plate 101 and the diffusion sheet 103, so that the utilization ratio of the light emitted from the light source 102 can be improved.
  • the backlight module 01 is a direct type.
  • the light source assembly 10 of FIG. 14 includes a light source array 112 disposed on the back plate 110, a diffusion plate 113 sequentially disposed on the light exiting side of the light source array 112, and at least one prism sheet 104.
  • the prism plate 104 may include a prism 114 extending in the direction of X and a prism 114 extending in the direction Y.
  • the above-described direct type further includes a lower diffusion sheet 115 and an upper diffusion sheet 116 which are respectively located on both sides of the prism sheet 104.
  • the lower diffusion sheet 115 has the same function as the upper diffusion sheet 116 and the diffusion plate 113.
  • the support column 111 needs to be disposed between the diffusion plate 113 and the back plate 110. As a result, the thickness of the direct type backlight module 01 is large.
  • the light source 102 in the side-lit backlight module 01 is disposed on the side of the light guide plate 101, so the thickness of the side-entry backlight module 01 is small.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display device, including any of the backlight module 01 and the display panel 02 disposed on the backlight module 01.
  • the display panel is, for example, a liquid crystal display panel.
  • the display device further includes a processor for outputting a dimming signal to the dimming unit 201 in the backlight module 01.
  • the display device has the same beneficial effects as the backlight module provided in the foregoing embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • the display device may be any product or component having a display function such as a liquid crystal display, a liquid crystal television, a digital photo frame, a mobile phone, or a tablet computer.

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Abstract

一种背光模组及显示装置。该背光模组包括光源组件(10)、设置于所述光源组件(10)出光侧的光照渲染膜(20)。光照渲染膜(20)包括呈矩阵形式排列的多个调光单元(201)；所述调光单元(201)被配置为接收调光信号，并根据所述调光信号改变该调光单元(201)的透过率。该背光模组及显示装置能够在实现区域调光的过程中，无需对光源组件中的光源进行调整，能够避免反复对光源调节。

Description

背光模组及显示装置
本申请要求于2017年7月18日递交的中国专利申请第201710588245.4号的优先权，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本申请的一部分。
技术领域
本公开涉及一种背光模组及显示装置。
背景技术
近年来，HDR(High-Dynamic Range，高动态光照渲染)技术的发展，再次掀起了区域调光(Local Dimming)技术在显示装置上的应用浪潮。随着用户对显示画质技术的追求，采用上述区域调光技术，可以使得显示图像具备具有更多的明暗动态范围和图像细节，从而能够给用户呈现更高画质效果的图像。然而，现有技术中，为了实现上述区域调光技术，通常需要对背光源中的LED灯单独进行调节。这样一来，在反复调节的过程中容易使得LED灯发生损坏，降低背光源的使用寿命。
发明内容
本公开的一些实施例提供一种背光模组，包括光源组件、设置于所述光源组件出光侧的光照渲染膜，其中所述光照渲染膜包括呈矩阵形式排列的多个调光单元；所述调光单元被配置为接收调光信号，并根据所述调光信号改变该调光单元的透过率。
在一些示例中，所述调光单元包括透过率调节层以及用于控制所述透过率调节层的控制电极，所述控制电极被配置为根据所述调光信号产生控制所述透过率调节层的透光率的电场。
在一些示例中，所述控制电极包括位于所述透过率调节层的相对两侧的第一电极和第二电极。
在一些示例中，控制所述透光率调节层的透光率包括控制所述透过率调 节层的雾度。
在一些示例中，所述透过率调节层包括聚合物分散液晶层。
在一些示例中，所述聚合物分散液晶层的厚度为120μm±5μm。
在一些示例中，所述透过率调节层包括聚合物稳定液晶层，以及位于所述聚合物稳定液晶层两侧的取向层。
在一些示例中，所述透过率调节层包括液晶层以及位于所述液晶层两侧的取向层。
在一些示例中，所述光照渲染膜还包括覆盖所述第一电极和/或所述第二电极的绝缘保护层。
在一些示例中，所述光源组件包括导光板以及位于所述导光板至少一个侧面的光源。
在一些示例中，所述光源组件还包括位于所述导光板出光侧的扩散片、至少一层棱镜片，以及位于所述导光板的出光侧的相反侧的反射片。
在一些示例中，所述光源组件包括光源阵列、依次位于所述光源阵列出光侧的扩散板和至少一层棱镜片。
在一些示例中，所述至少一层棱镜片包括第一棱镜片和第二棱镜片；所述第一棱镜片包括沿第一方向延伸的棱镜，所述第二棱镜片包括沿第二方向延伸的棱镜，所述第一方向和所述第二方向彼此垂直。
在一些示例中，背光模组还包括被配置为给所述调光单元提供所述调光信号的处理器。
在一些示例中，所述多个调光单元被配置为能够分别独立地接受不同的调光信号。
本公开的一些实施例提供一种显示装置，包括：显示面板；以及根据上述任一项所述的背光模组，被配置为所述显示面板提供光源。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅涉及本公开的一些实施例，而非对本公开的限制。
图1为本公开实施例提供的一种背光模组的结构示意图；
图2为图1中光照渲染膜中各个调光单元的透过率示意图；
图3a为未进行局部调光的显示图像示意图；
图3b为对图3a所示的图像进行高动态光照渲染后的图像；
图4为图1中调光单元的结构示意图；
图5为图1中光照渲染膜的一种结构示意图；
图6为图1中光照渲染膜的另一种结构示意图；
图7为图4中透过率调节层的一种透光状态示意图；
图8为图1中光照渲染膜中各个调光单元的透光状态示意图；
图9为图4中透过率调节层的另一种透光状态示意图；
图10为图4中透过率调节层的一种结构示意图；
图11为图4中透过率调节层的一种结构示意图；
图12为本公开实施例提供的一种显示装置的结构示意图；
图13为图11中第一棱镜片和第二棱镜片的结构示意图；
图14为本公开实施例提供的另一种显示装置的结构示意图。
附图标记：
01-背光模组；02-显示面板；10-光源组件；101-导光板；102-光源；103-扩散片；104-棱镜片；1041-第一棱镜片；1042-第二棱镜片；114-棱镜；105-反射片；110-背板；111-支撑柱；112-光源阵列；113-扩散板；115-下扩散片；116-上扩散片；20-光照渲染膜；201-调光单元；210-第一电极；220-第二电极；230-透过率调节层；2301-液晶微滴；2302-聚合物单体；2304-液晶分子；2303-液晶层；202-绝缘保护层。
具体实施方式
为使本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例的附图，对本公开实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本公开的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
本公开实施例提供一种背光模组01，如图1所示，包括光源组件10、设置于该光源组件10出光侧的光照渲染膜20。
如图2所示，光照渲染膜20包括呈矩阵形式排列的多个调光单元201。每个调光单元201用于接收调光信号，并根据上述调光信号改变该调光单元201自身的透过率。
此外，上述背光源组件10包括用于提供光线的光源。该光源例如可以由LED灯或者LED灯条构成。
在一些示例中，上述背光模组01可应用于显示装置，该显示装置包括处理器。上述处理器可以向每个调光单元201单独发出上述调光信号。该处理器可以设置于上述背光模组01内，也可以设置于该背光模组01的外部。
在上述背光模组01可应用于显示装置的情况下，在一图像帧显示之前，上述处理器可以对待显示的图像进行区域划分，每个区域与上述一个调光单元201相对应，然后处理器可以对该显示图像中的每个区域是亮场区域还是暗场区域进行判断，并根据判断结果生成上述调光信号，以使得调光单元201在接收到上述调光信号后，可以根据该调光信号改变该调光单元201自身的透过率。从而使得与亮场区域相对应的调光单元201的透过率提高，而与暗场区域相对应的调光单元201的透过率降低。经过上述调光处理后，显示的图像中亮场区域更亮、暗场区域更暗，从而能够显示出更多的图像细节，达到高动态光照渲染的目的。
例如，图3a为未经过上述调光处理的图像，该图像中树后的背景整体发白。如图3b所示，对图3a所示的图像经过上述高动态光照渲染。例如，上述处理器对整个图像进行区域划分，并判断出树、山以及蓝天属于暗场区域，白云属于亮场区域。在此基础上，可以根据上述待显示图像中划分出的区域的亮、暗程度，对多个暗场区域或亮场区域进行排序。例如，图3a中树、山、蓝天的暗度依次递减。因此，分别与树、山、蓝天所在的暗场区域相对应的调光单元201的透过率依次增加。而与白云所在的亮场区域所对应的调光单元201的透过率最大，从而使得树背后的景致细节能够显示出来。这样一来，通过在背光模组中设置具有多个调光单元201的光照渲染膜20，可以实现区域调光的目的，使得显示图像的细节更加清晰。综上所述，上述区域调光过程，无需对光源组件10中的光源进行调整，因此能够避免反复对光源调节，导致光源寿命降低的问题。
以下对上述调光单元201的一些示例性结构进行详细的说明。
在一些示例中，如图4所示，上述调光单元201包括相对设置的第一电极210和第二电极220，以及位于第一电极210和第二电极220之间的透过率调节层230。
上述实施例中以设置在透光率调节层两侧的第一电极和第二电极为例进行了描述，但根据本公开的实施例不限于此，只要能够给透光率调节层施加控制其透过率的电场，任何合适的控制电极均可以应用于上述调光单元。
上述处理器可以分别向第一电极210和第二电极220输出上述调光信号。相对设置的该第一电极210和第二电极220可以根据该调光信号产生用于控制透过率调节层230雾度的电场。即第一电极210和第二电极220产生的电场不同，该透过率调节层230的雾度也不相同。
例如，构成上述第一电极210和第二电极220的材料可以为透明导电材料，例如，氧化铟锡(Indium Tin Oxide，ITO)或氧化铟锌(Indium Zinc Oxide，IZO)。
在一些示例中，为了对上述第一电极210和/或第二电极220的外表面进行保护，或者避免上述第一电极210和第二电极220与其他部件电连接，而发生短路，如图5所示，上述光照渲染膜20还包括覆盖第一电极210和/或第二电极220的绝缘保护层202。
在一些示例中，为了提高上述光照渲染膜20的透明度，形成上述绝缘保护层202的材料可以为透明树脂材料，例如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(Polyethylene Terephthalate，PET)。
由上述可知，相邻两个调光单元201需要独立控制。也就是说，多个调光单元能够分别独立地接受不同的调光信号，从而能够独立控制背光模组不同区域的亮度。在此情况下，上述光照渲染膜20的结构如图5所示，相连两个调光单元201的结构之间具有间隙或者挡墙。或者，还可以如图6所示，所有调光单元201的第一电极210(或第二电极220)相连接，而相邻第二电极220(或第一电极210)、以及相邻两个透过率调节层230之间具有间隙或者挡墙。
以下对上述透过率调节层230的一些示例性结构进行详细的说明。
例如，如图7所示，上述透过率调节层230包括聚合物分散液晶层(Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal，PDLC)。PDLC由聚合物单体2302以及分 散于聚合物单体2302中的液晶微滴2301构成。聚合物单体2302在该聚合物分散液晶层中比重较大，使得液晶以上述液晶微滴的形式分散于聚合物单体中。
在一些示例中，考虑到制作成本以及生产精度，上述聚合物分散液晶层的厚度例如为120μm±5μm。
为了使得分别位于该聚合物分散液晶层两侧的第一电极210和第二电极220之间能够产生电场，如图7所示，上述第一电极210和第二电极220可以与电压源相连接。而该电压源连接上述处理器。电压源根据处理器向第一电极210和第二电极220输出的调光信号，分别向第一电极210和第二电极220输出与上述调光信号相匹配的电压。
例如，当施加至第一电极210和第二电极220的电压较小，例如在0V左右时。由于第一电极210和第二电极220产生的电场较弱，不足以驱动液晶微滴2301中液晶分子的偏转方向发生变化。因此液晶微滴2301中液晶分子以无序的方式排布于每一个液晶微滴2301中。在此情况下，入射至PDLC的大部分光线被无序的液晶分子分散，而无法将光源组件10发出的平行光，仍然保持平行的状态出射。此时，该透过率调节层230的雾度较大，平行光透过率仅为5％，该具有该透过率调节层230的调光单元201处于如图8所示的雾态。在此情况下，待显示图像中与该调光单元201相对应区域，接收到平行光较少，亮度较小。
或者，当施加至第一电极210和第二电极220的电压较大，例如交流电(Alternating Current，AC)±30V左右时。此时第一电极210和第二电极220能够产生一定的电场，并在该电场的作用下，驱动液晶微滴2301中液晶分子发生偏转。例如，位于同一调光单元201中的液晶分子所在的电场一样，所以偏转角度也相同。
在此情况下，同一调光单元201中液晶分子以有序的方式排布于每一个液晶微滴2301中。如图9所示，入射至PDLC的大部分光线能够保持平行状态出射。此时，当施加至第一电极210和第二电极220的电压最大时，该透过率调节层230的雾度为2％，而平行光透过率可以达到90％，具有该透过率调节层230的调光单元201处于如图8所示的透过态。在此情况下，待显示图像中与该调光单元201相对应区域，接收到平行光较多，亮度较大。
例如，通过调节施加至第一电极210和第二电极220的电压大小，可以使得每个调光单元201的透过率在5％～90％的范围内进行调节，从而使得待显示图像中与不同调光单元201相对应的区域接收到的平行光的光量不同，以达到区域调光的目的。基于此，图8中多个处于透过态(或雾态)的调光单元201的透过率可以不相同。
需要说明的是，图8示例性的示意出两个具有透过态的调节单元201。本公开对具有透过态或雾态的调节单元201的数量不做限定。本领域技术人员可以根据待显示图像进行设定。
在一些示例中，如图10所示，上述透过率调节层230包括聚合物稳定液晶层(Polymer Stabilized Liquid Crystal，PSLC)，以及位于该聚合物稳定液晶层两侧的取向层2303。
例如，PSLC中包括含量较高的液晶分子2304，以呈连续相。此外，还包括聚合物单体2032。该聚合物单体2032以网络形式分散于由液晶分子2304形成的液晶中。
在此情况下，当施加至第一电极210和第二电极220的电压较小，例如0V时，由于第一电极210和第二电极220产生的电场较弱，不足以驱动液晶分子2304的偏转方向发生变化。因此液晶分子2304在上述取向层2303的取向作用下，以有序的方式排布。此时，液晶分子2304的折射率与聚合物单体2032的折射率相匹配，从而使得入射至PSLC的大部分光线能够保持平行状态出射。在此情况下，该透过率调节层230具有较高的透过率，且雾度较低，使得具有该透过率调节层230的调光单元201处于如图8所示的透过态。待显示图像中与该调光单元201相对应区域，接收到的平行光较多，亮度较大。
或者，当施加至第一电极210和第二电极220的电压增大时。由于第一电极210和第二电极220能够产生一定的电场，从而可以驱动液晶分子2304沿电场的方向偏转。此时，液晶分子2304的折射率与聚合物单体2032的折射率不相匹配，从而使得该透过率调节层230的透过率降低，使得具有该透过率调节层230的调光单元201处于如图8所示的雾态。待显示图像中与该调光单元201相对应区域，接收到的平行光较少，亮度较小。
综上所述，通过调节施加至第一电极210和第二电极220的电压大小，可以对液晶分子2304的折射率与聚合物单体2032的折射率的匹配程度进行 调节，从而使得待显示图像中与不同调光单元201相对应的区域接收到的平行光的光量不同，以达到区域调光的目的。
在一些示例中，如图11所示，上述透过率调节层230包括液晶层2305以及位于液晶层2305两侧的取向层2303。该液晶层2305包括均匀分布的液晶分子2304。
在此情况下，通过由第一电极210和第二电极220构成的垂直电场控制液晶层2305中液晶分子2304的偏转方向，以对液晶层2305的透光率进行调整。最终达到调节该透过率调节层230透过率的目的，以使得待显示图像中与暗场区域相对应的调光单元201处于雾态，与亮场区域相对应的调光单元201处于透过态。
以下结合不同类型的背光模组，对图1中的光源组件10的一些示例性结构进行详细的说明。
例如，上述背光模组01为侧入式，如图12所示。光源组件10包括导光板101以及位于该导光板101至少一个侧面的光源102。上述光源102包括排成一排的多个LED灯。或者该光源102为LED灯条。
例如，通过导光板101可以将由设置于导光板101侧面的光源102从侧面入射的光线导入至光照渲染膜20的整个入光面。
此外，上述光源组件10还包括位于导光板101出光侧的扩散片103、至少一层棱镜片104，以及位于导光板101的出光面的相反侧的反射片105。
扩散片103用于对光线进行扩散，以提高光源组件10出射光的扩散率。
此外，棱镜片104将经过由扩散片103光线汇聚在一个更小的范围内，从而达到增亮效果。基于此，上述至少一层棱镜片104包括第一棱镜片1041和第二棱镜片1042。如图13所示，第一棱镜片1041上的棱镜114的延伸方向X与第二棱镜片1042上的棱镜114的延伸方向Y垂直。这样一来，第一棱镜片1041可以在X方向上，对出射光线进行增亮。而第二棱镜片1042可以在Y方向上，对出射光线进行增亮，从而使得经过整个棱镜片104出射的光线的亮度均匀。
另外，反射片105可以将光源102出射光线反射至导光板101和扩散片103，从而可以提高光源102出射光线的利用率。
在一些示例中，上述背光模组01为直下式。如图14上述光源组件10 包括设置于背板110上的光源阵列112、依次位于该光源阵列112出光侧的扩散板113、至少一层棱镜片104。
棱镜片104的结构同上所述，此处不再赘述。或者该棱镜板104可以同时包括延伸方向为X的棱镜114和延伸方向为Y的棱镜114。
此外，上述直下式还包括分别位于该棱镜片104两侧的下扩散片115和上扩散片116。例如，该下扩散片115和上扩散片116以及扩散板113的作用相同。
需要说明的是，由于直下式背光模组01对混光距离具有较高的要求，因此扩散板113与背板110之间需要设置支撑柱111。这样一来，导致该直下式背光模组01的厚度较大。而侧入式背光模组01中的光源102设置于导光板101的侧面，因此侧入式背光模组01的厚度较小。
本公开实施例提供一种显示装置，包括如上所述的任意一种背光模组01以及设置于该背光模组01出光测的显示面板02。该显示面板例如为液晶显示面板。此外该显示装置还包括上述用于向背光模组01中的调光单元201输出调光信号的处理器。
需要说明的是，该显示装置具有与前述实施例提供的背光模组相同的有益效果，此处不再赘述。
此外，在本公开实施例中，显示装置可以为液晶显示器、液晶电视、数码相框、手机或平板电脑等任何具有显示功能的产品或者部件。
以上所述仅是本公开的示范性实施方式，而非用于限制本公开的保护范围，本公开的保护范围由所附的权利要求确定。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种背光模组，包括光源组件、设置于所述光源组件出光侧的光照渲染膜，其中
    所述光照渲染膜包括呈矩阵形式排列的多个调光单元；
    所述调光单元被配置为接收调光信号，并根据所述调光信号改变该调光单元的透过率。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，其中，所述调光单元包括透过率调节层以及用于控制所述透过率调节层的控制电极，所述控制电极被配置为根据所述调光信号产生控制所述透过率调节层的透光率的电场。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的背光模组，其中，所述控制电极包括位于所述透过率调节层的相对两侧的第一电极和第二电极。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的背光模组，其中，控制所述透光率调节层的透光率包括控制所述透过率调节层的雾度。
  5. 根据权利要求2-4任一项所述的背光模组，其中，所述透过率调节层包括聚合物分散液晶层。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的背光模组，其中，所述聚合物分散液晶层的厚度为120μm±5μm。
  7. 根据权利要求2-4任一项所述的背光模组，其中，所述透过率调节层包括聚合物稳定液晶层，以及位于所述聚合物稳定液晶层两侧的取向层。
  8. 根据权利要求2-4任一项所述的背光模组，其中，所述透过率调节层包括液晶层以及位于所述液晶层两侧的取向层。
  9. 根据权利要求3所述的背光模组，其中，所述光照渲染膜还包括覆盖所述第一电极和/或所述第二电极的绝缘保护层。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的背光模组，其中，所述光源组件包括导光板以及位于所述导光板至少一个侧面的光源。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的背光模组，其中，所述光源组件还包括位于所述导光板出光侧的扩散片、至少一层棱镜片，以及位于所述导光板的出光侧的相反侧的反射片。
  12. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的背光模组，其中，所述光源组件包 括光源阵列、依次位于所述光源阵列出光侧的扩散板和至少一层棱镜片。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的背光模组，其中，所述至少一层棱镜片包括第一棱镜片和第二棱镜片；所述第一棱镜片包括沿第一方向延伸的棱镜，所述第二棱镜片包括沿第二方向延伸的棱镜，所述第一方向和所述第二方向彼此垂直。
  14. 根据权利要求1-13所述的背光模组，还包括被配置为给所述调光单元提供所述调光信号的处理器。
  15. 根据权利要求1-14所述的背光模组，其中，所述多个调光单元被配置为能够分别独立地接受不同的调光信号。
  16. 一种显示装置，包括：
    显示面板；以及
    根据权利要求1-15任一项所述的背光模组，被配置为所述显示面板提供光源。
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