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WO2018126663A1 - 电动车辆自动充换电方法 - Google Patents

电动车辆自动充换电方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018126663A1
WO2018126663A1 PCT/CN2017/095143 CN2017095143W WO2018126663A1 WO 2018126663 A1 WO2018126663 A1 WO 2018126663A1 CN 2017095143 W CN2017095143 W CN 2017095143W WO 2018126663 A1 WO2018126663 A1 WO 2018126663A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
charging
electric vehicle
facility
discharging
replacing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/095143
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴毅成
陈炯
赖建文
顾宇俊
付力涛
Original Assignee
上海蔚来汽车有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 上海蔚来汽车有限公司 filed Critical 上海蔚来汽车有限公司
Publication of WO2018126663A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018126663A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/65—Monitoring or controlling charging stations involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/66—Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/68—Off-site monitoring or control, e.g. remote control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S5/00—Servicing, maintaining, repairing, or refitting of vehicles
    • B60S5/06—Supplying batteries to, or removing batteries from, vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of vehicle charging and replacing, and particularly relates to an automatic charging and replacing method for an electric vehicle.
  • the method of the present invention includes the steps of: establishing a communication connection between the electric vehicle to be recharged and the charging and replacing facility; the electric vehicle driving into a specific location within the service range of the charging and replacing facility; The electric vehicle is authenticated; if the authentication is successful, the charging and discharging facility initiates a charging or power-changing operation to charge or replace the electric vehicle.
  • the electric vehicle in the step of establishing a communication connection between the electric vehicle to be charged and replaced and the charging and discharging facility, the electric vehicle establishes a communication connection with the charging and replacing facility by wireless communication.
  • the wireless communication mode is WiFi, Bluetooth or Zigbee
  • the The mobile vehicle establishes a communication connection with the charging and replacing facility in a manner of password access or non-password access.
  • the step of establishing a communication connection between the electric vehicle and the charging and replacing facility in a password access manner further comprises: obtaining, by the electric vehicle, a user name and a password of the charging and replacing facility for a communication connection from a server; When the electric vehicle travels to the vicinity of the charging and replacing facility, the electric vehicle detects a wireless signal of the charging and replacing facility, and establishes a communication connection with the charging and replacing facility through the obtained username and password. .
  • the electric vehicle remotely controls the charging and discharging facility to open the door before the electric vehicle enters the specific position of the charging and discharging facility.
  • the step of the electric vehicle remotely controlling the opening and closing of the charging and discharging facility further comprises: the electric vehicle acquiring an opening authentication information of the charging and discharging facility from a server; and when the electric vehicle is replaced with the charging After the electrical facility establishes a communication connection, the opening and closing authentication information is sent to the charging and replacing facility, and if the authentication is passed, the charging and discharging facility opens.
  • the automatic charging and discharging process is initiated by human-computer interaction or fully automatic.
  • the electric vehicle in the step of the electric vehicle entering a specific position within the service range of the charging and replacing facility, the electric vehicle enters the specific position in a predetermined manner, and dynamic information during the driving process Send to the charging and switching facility.
  • the charging and discharging facility identifies the electric vehicle that is driven in before the charging and discharging facility authenticates the electric vehicle.
  • the charging and replacing facility determines, according to the received dynamic information, whether the electric vehicle that initiates the charging and replacing request is driving in The electric vehicle at the specific location.
  • the electric vehicle when the electric vehicle enters the specific position in a predetermined manner, the electric vehicle enters the specific position along a predetermined trajectory and/or in a reverse manner and/or in an automatic driving mode.
  • the electric vehicle transmits electric vehicle operation information during the driving process to the charging and replacing facility as the dynamic information.
  • the electric vehicle operation information includes gear information, steering information, driving information, and parking information.
  • the dynamic information further includes in-vehicle device operation information and/or electric vehicle travel information.
  • the in-vehicle device operation information includes whether the auxiliary automatic driving of the electric vehicle is turned on and when is turned on, and/or whether the high-power system is turned on/off and when is turned on/off, and the electric vehicle travel information includes Whether the electric vehicle has undergone a climbing process, and/or whether the electric vehicle is driven in from the left or the right.
  • the charging and replacing facility further acquires sensor information in the charging and replacing facility, and then according to the received dynamic information
  • the obtained sensor information is used in conjunction with the acquired sensor information to determine whether the electric vehicle that initiates the charging and discharging request is the electric vehicle that enters the specific position.
  • the dynamic information includes information of stepping on the throttle of the electric vehicle and time when the electric vehicle throttle is stepped on
  • the sensor information includes information on the departure of the electric vehicle, information on when the electric vehicle is off and information on the approach and stop of the electric vehicle, and electric The time when the vehicle is approaching and stopping.
  • the sensor information further includes a change in the specific position bearing capacity and/or living body sensing information.
  • the step of authenticating the electric vehicle by the charging and replacing facility further comprises: the charging and replacing facility transmitting an authentication request to the server; the server is configured to the electric device according to the received authentication request The charging and recharging request of the vehicle is authenticated; if the authentication is passed, the information for successful authentication is returned to the charging and replacing facility.
  • the step of authenticating the electric vehicle by the charging and discharging facility further comprises: the charging and replacing facility transmitting an authentication code to the electric vehicle; the electric vehicle Calculating a response code according to the predetermined algorithm according to the predetermined algorithm, and returning the response code to the charging and replacing facility; the charging and replacing facility checks whether the response code is correct, and if correct, passes the authentication .
  • the electric vehicle sends a vehicle parking confirmation message to the charging and discharging facility, and the charging and discharging facility is received by the The electric vehicle is authenticated after the vehicle is sent by the electric vehicle to confirm the confirmation message.
  • the charging and switching facility queries whether the electric vehicle is ready for charging and discharging, and if so, starts the charging or switching operation .
  • the method further comprises the step of: sending, by the charging and discharging facility, a message that the charging and discharging ends to the electric vehicle After receiving the message, the electric vehicle starts a self-test and sends a confirmation notice to the charging and replacing facility after confirming that it can work.
  • the charging and discharging facility is a charging and replacing station.
  • the entire charging and replacing process does not require the participation of the staff, and the full automation of the charging and discharging process is realized, and is suitable for the unattended automatic charging and replacing facility.
  • the method of the present invention enables the charging and replacing facility to automatically, accurately and cost-effectively identify the entry into the charging and replacing facility due to the unique dynamic information generated during the process of driving the electric vehicle into the charging and replacing facility.
  • the method of the present invention can accurately identify the vehicle that should be powered up, and no misidentification occurs at all.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an authentication method of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a vehicle identification method in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method includes establishing a communication connection between the electric vehicle to be charged and replaced in step S1 and the charging and replacing facility.
  • the electric vehicle first needs to establish a communication connection with the charging and discharging facility to transmit information.
  • the electric vehicle can confirm whether the charging and discharging facilities are in normal operation condition, whether the charging and replacing service can be provided, etc.
  • the power changing facility can obtain information of the electric vehicle, such as the vehicle VIN code, driver ID, battery ID, SOC, and the like.
  • the electric vehicle can remotely control the charging and replacing facilities, such as remotely opening the door of the charging and replacing facility, starting the charging and replacing facilities, and transporting the new battery to prepare for the electrician's position.
  • the electric vehicle establishes a communication connection with the charging and replacing facility by means of wireless communication, such as WiFi, Bluetooth or Zigbee, wherein the electric vehicle can be accessed by password or non-password. Establishing a communication connection with the charging and discharging facility.
  • the electric vehicle when the electric vehicle establishes a communication connection with the charging and replacing facility in a password access manner, the electric vehicle acquires a user name and password of the charging and switching facility for a communication connection from the server (for example, changing a WiFi user name and password of the electrical facility), when the electric vehicle travels to the vicinity of the charging and replacing facility, the electric vehicle detects a wireless signal (eg, a WiFi signal) of the charging and replacing facility, and passes the obtained The username and password establish a communication connection with the charging and replacing facility. After the communication connection is successful, the electricity is described in step S2. The moving vehicle enters a specific location within the service range of the charging and discharging facility.
  • a wireless signal eg, a WiFi signal
  • the electric vehicle remotely controls the charging and discharging facility to open the door before the electric vehicle enters the specific position of the charging and discharging facility.
  • the electric vehicle acquires, in advance, an opening authentication information (such as an opening code) of the charging and replacing facility from a server for managing a charging and replacing facility, when the electric vehicle and the charging and replacing facility After the communication connection is established, the opening and closing authentication information is sent to the charging and replacing facility, and if the authentication is passed, the charging and discharging facility opens the door, and then the electric vehicle enters the charging and replacing facility
  • the specific location may include: a location where the vehicle stops and can accept charging or changing service - that is, charging and replacing the electrician, the vehicle can enter, and after entering, other vehicles can no longer use the charging and charging facility to charge or change The location of the electrical service, etc.
  • the automatic charging and discharging process is initiated by a human-machine interaction or a fully automatic manner before the electric vehicle remotely controls the charging and discharging facility to open the door.
  • the electric vehicle may prompt the driver whether to enter the automatic charging and replacing process. If yes, the driver initiates the automatic charging and replacing process, for example, through the in-vehicle button, and then sends the pre-acquired opening authentication information. Remote control charging and switching facilities to open the door. This prevents the vehicle from accidentally opening the door by accident.
  • the charging and discharging facility automatically authenticates the electric vehicle.
  • the purpose of the authentication is to determine whether the current vehicle and/or the driver are authorized to perform charging and charging at the charging and discharging facility, and only authorized vehicles and/or drivers are allowed to perform charging and discharging. This is conducive to the management and maintenance of charging and replacing facilities.
  • the step of automatically authenticating the electric vehicle by the charging and replacing facility further comprises: the charging and replacing facility sending an authentication request to the server, the authentication request
  • the information may include, for example, an ID of the vehicle, an ID of the driver, and an ID of the charging and replacing facility;
  • the server authenticates the charging and discharging request of the electric vehicle according to the received authentication request, specifically, After the server receives the authentication request The verification will be performed according to the previous authorization record. If there is a corresponding authorization record, the authentication is passed, and the authentication success information is returned to the charging and replacing facility, otherwise the charging and replacing service is rejected.
  • the charging and replacing facility performs automatic authentication of the electric vehicle in a local authentication manner, which is particularly applicable to one of the electric vehicle and the charging and replacing facility or The two sides did not have a network when they were authenticated.
  • the step of local authentication further comprises: the charging and replacing facility transmitting an authentication code (for example, a random number) to the electric vehicle; the electric vehicle calculating according to the authentication code according to a predetermined algorithm Answering the code and returning the response code to the charging and replacing facility; the charging and switching facility checks whether the response code is correct, and if correct, passes the authentication.
  • an authentication code for example, a random number
  • the charging and discharging facility generates a random number salt_code to be sent to the electric vehicle, and the electric vehicle calculates a response code response_code according to the random number salt_code, and returns the response code to the charging and discharging Facilities, where:
  • the charging and replacing facility acquires a response_code sent by the electric vehicle, and obtains the Data content in the response_code according to its own private key PrivateKeySwap, locally verifies the electric vehicle certificate, and extracts the electric vehicle from the electric vehicle certificate.
  • the public key PubKeyVehile obtains the original information MD5 (salt_code+timestamp+swap_id) of the virtual_key in the data information through the obtained PubKeyVehile, and then calculates the MD5 (salt_code+timestamp+swap_id) locally through the salt_code, timestamp and its own ID. The value is finally compared with whether the locally calculated MD5 and the MD5 sent by the electric vehicle are equal, and if they are equal, the local authentication is passed.
  • the TLS protocol can also be used for local authentication.
  • the step of transmitting the vehicle parking confirmation message to the charging and replacing facility, the charging and replacing facility is performed before the charging and discharging facility authenticates the electric vehicle
  • the electric vehicle is authenticated upon receiving a vehicle parking confirmation message sent by the electric vehicle.
  • the charging and switching facility may be manually operated by the driver to trigger the charging and switching facility to authenticate the electric vehicle.
  • the charging and discharging facility starts the charging and discharging operation in step S5, and the electric vehicle is charged and replaced.
  • the charging and switching facility queries whether the electric vehicle is ready for charging and discharging, and if so, starts the charging or switching operation .
  • the method further comprises the step of: sending and receiving the charging and discharging facility to the electric vehicle The electric vehicle starts the self-test after receiving the message, and sends a confirmation notice to the charging and replacing facility after confirming that it can work, and then the vehicle automatically or by the driver leaves the charging and replacing facility.
  • the present invention before the charging and discharging facility authenticates the electric vehicle, the present invention further includes an optional step S3: the charging and replacing facility identifies the electric motor that is driven in. vehicle.
  • the charging and replacing facility identifies the electric motor that is driven in. vehicle.
  • the electric vehicle enters a specific position within the service range of the charging and replacing facility, the electric vehicle enters the specific position in a predetermined manner, and dynamic information of the electric vehicle during the driving process Send to the charging and switching facility. For example, the vehicle enters the particular location along a predetermined trajectory, and/or in a reversed manner, and/or in an automatic driving mode.
  • the electric vehicle transmits the dynamic information during the driving process to the charging and replacing facility, and the charging and discharging device determines, according to the received dynamic information, whether the electric vehicle that initiates the charging and replacing request is driving.
  • the dynamic information sent by the electric vehicle to the charging and replacing facility preferably includes an electric vehicle operating letter Information, such as gear information, steering information, driving information, parking information, etc. during vehicle entry.
  • the charging and replacing facility is an electric vehicle that has undergone a dynamic process corresponding to the dynamic information.
  • the charging and discharging facility can determine whether the electric vehicle that initiates the charging and discharging request is To drive into the electric vehicle of the specific location.
  • the dynamic information further includes in-vehicle device operation information and/or electric vehicle travel information, wherein the in-vehicle device operation information may include whether the assisted automatic driving of the electric vehicle is turned on and when, and And/or whether the high power system is turned on/off and when it is turned on/off, the electric vehicle travel information may include whether the electric vehicle has undergone a climbing process, and/or the electric vehicle is driven in from the left or the right.
  • the in-vehicle device operation information may include whether the assisted automatic driving of the electric vehicle is turned on and when, and And/or whether the high power system is turned on/off and when it is turned on/off
  • the electric vehicle travel information may include whether the electric vehicle has undergone a climbing process, and/or the electric vehicle is driven in from the left or the right.
  • the driver of the electric vehicle can trigger the charging and replacing request, and perform identity confirmation, charging and replacing
  • the facility detects that its corresponding vehicle has completed the charging and replacing preparation operation, and stops in the charging and replacing electrical position to prepare for charging and replacing the power. After the self-test passes, the charging and replacing operation begins.
  • the method of the present invention can accurately identify the vehicle entering the charging and discharging facility. If other drivers trigger the charging and discharging start command on the charging and discharging facility during the process, the charging and replacing facility will require the driver to confirm the identity.
  • And authentication for example, requesting the input of the vehicle ID
  • the charging and discharging facility does not respond to the charging and switching request .
  • the charging and discharging facility also acquires a sensor in the charging and discharging facility during a predetermined manner in which the electric vehicle enters a specific position of the charging and discharging facility.
  • the information is then used, based on the received dynamic information in conjunction with the acquired sensor information, to determine whether the electric vehicle that initiated the charging and replacing request is the electric vehicle that enters the specific location.
  • the dynamic information includes stepping on an electric vehicle throttle Information and time when the electric vehicle throttle is stepped on
  • the sensor information includes, for example, information about the departure of the electric vehicle obtained by the positioning slot sensor and the time when the electric vehicle is driven away, and information about the approach and stop of the electric vehicle acquired, for example, by the proximity switch.
  • the time when the electric vehicle approaches and stops it is also possible to identify that the vehicle has entered the particular location by a change in the load-bearing capacity of the charging facility, in particular a load-bearing change of the parking platform at the particular location, and/or vital sensory information.
  • the dynamic information in the driving process sent by the vehicle, combined with the sensor information in the charging and replacing facility is synchronized with the time stamp, and the vehicle to be replaced in the charging and discharging facility can be automatically and accurately identified.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for identifying an electric vehicle in a charging and replacing facility according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the charging and replacing facility is specifically a single-station modular power-changing station, the electric vehicle driving into the power-changing station in a reverse manner, and the operation information sent by the electric vehicle to the power-changing station includes hanging down Block information, steering information, reversing information, parking information, etc., and then the substation confirms that the vehicle that has experienced these operating procedures is the vehicle currently entering the substation based on the operational information sent by the vehicle.
  • step S210 the vehicle travels to the vicinity of the power exchange station, and the power exchange door is opened by the door opening command.
  • step S220 the vehicle starts the reverse steering, and transmits the reverse gear and the reverse steering information to the power station.
  • step S230 the steering wheel of the vehicle is positive, the vehicle is driven into the power station, and the steering wheel is sent back to the power station, the power station receives the vehicle information, and the vehicle is informed that the vehicle is entering.
  • step S240 the vehicle continues to reverse, then brakes, and sends corresponding accelerator pedal information and brake information to the power station.
  • step S250 the vehicle is stopped at the power-changing position, and the parking information is sent to the power-changing station, the power-changing station receives the parking information, and the vehicle is informed that the vehicle is stopped.
  • the substation recognizes the door opening-to-reverse-steering-returning-reversing of the vehicle according to the above information sent by the vehicle (at this time, the substation sensor senses that there is a vehicle entering) - the brake stops (the sensor senses the vehicle)
  • the operation process such as stopping, confirms that the vehicle that has undergone the above-described action process is a vehicle that is parked at the electrician's position.
  • the automatic charging and replacing method of the invention realizes full automation of the entire charging and discharging process, and is suitable for an unattended automatic charging and replacing facility. Further, in terms of the charging and replacing process, the present invention can automatically complete the charging and replacing full-process operation without the driver's participation.
  • the present invention preferably uses short-range wireless communication methods such as WiFi, Bluetooth or Zigbee to communicate with the charging and replacing facilities, and has the advantages of low cost, good compatibility, and good communication quality. If 3G/4G is used to communicate with charging and replacing facilities, it is not only costly, but also may have no signal in the basement.
  • the present invention preferably identifies the vehicle that enters the charging and replacing facility by the real-time dynamic information sent by the vehicle.
  • the method has small requirements on the hardware device, and can directly utilize existing hardware and software resources on the vehicle without additional Add equipment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种电动车辆自动充换电方法，包括下述步骤：待充换电的电动车辆与充换电设施建立通信连接；所述电动车辆驶入所述充换电设施服务范围内的特定位置；所述充换电设施对所述电动车辆进行鉴权；如果鉴权成功，所述充换电设施启动充电或换电操作，对所述电动车辆进行充电或换电。上述自动充换电方法，实现了整个充换电过程的全自动化，适用于无人值守的自动型充换电设施，解决了现有充换电设施自动化程度低的问题。

Description

电动车辆自动充换电方法 技术领域
本发明涉及车辆充换电技术领域，尤其涉及一种电动车辆自动充换电方法。
背景技术
随着电动汽车的普及，充换电设施也广泛投入使用。为了便于管理、节约成本，无人值守全自动充换电设施是未来商业发展的目标，通过无人值守能极大地降低运营车本，通过全自动充换电能极大地降低人员学习、培训的成本，也能极大地降低人为操作错误带来的风险。然而，在现有的充换电设施中，充换电过程要么由工作人员人工进行，要么借助机器人辅助半自动化地进行。因此，急需一种新的方案来实现整个充换电过程的全自动化。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提出一种自动充换电方法，以实现整个充换电过程的全自动化。
本发明的方法包括下述步骤：待充换电的电动车辆与充换电设施建立通信连接；所述电动车辆驶入所述充换电设施服务范围内的特定位置；所述充换电设施对所述电动车辆进行鉴权；如果鉴权成功，所述充换电设施启动充电或换电操作，对所述电动车辆进行充电或换电。
优选地，在待充换电的电动车辆与充换电设施建立通信连接的步骤中，所述电动车辆通过无线通信方式与所述充换电设施建立通信连接。
优选地，所述无线通信方式为WiFi、蓝牙或Zigbee，所述电 动车辆以密码访问或非密码访问的方式与所述充换电设施建立通信连接。
优选地，所述电动车辆以密码访问的方式与所述充换电设施建立通信连接的步骤进一步包括：所述电动车辆从服务器获取所述充换电设施的用于通信连接的用户名和密码；当所述电动车辆行驶到所述充换电设施附近时，所述电动车辆检测所述充换电设施的无线信号，并通过获得的所述用户名和密码与所述充换电设施建立通信连接。
优选地，在所述电动车辆驶入所述充换电设施的所述特定位置之前，所述电动车辆远程控制所述充换电设施开门。
优选地，所述电动车辆远程控制所述充换电设施开门的步骤进一步包括：所述电动车辆从服务器获取所述充换电设施的开门鉴权信息；当所述电动车辆与所述充换电设施建立通信连接后，将所述开门鉴权信息发送给所述充换电设施，如果鉴权通过，则所述充换电设施开门。
优选地，在所述电动车辆远程控制所述充换电设施开门之前，通过人机交互或全自动的方式启动自动充换电流程。
优选地，在所述电动车辆驶入所述充换电设施服务范围内的特定位置的步骤中，所述电动车辆以预定的方式驶入所述特定位置，并将驶入过程中的动态信息发送给所述充换电设施。
优选地，在所述充换电设施对所述电动车辆进行鉴权之前，所述充换电设施识别驶入的所述电动车辆。
优选地，在所述充换电设施识别驶入的所述电动车辆的步骤中，所述充换电设施根据收到的所述动态信息，判断发起充换电请求的电动车辆是否为驶入所述特定位置的所述电动车辆。
优选地，在所述电动车辆以预定的方式驶入所述特定位置时，所述电动车辆沿预定的轨迹和/或以倒车的方式和/或以自动驾驶模式驶入所述特定位置。
优选地，所述电动车辆将驶入过程中的电动车辆操作信息作为所述动态信息发送给所述充换电设施。
优选地，所述电动车辆操作信息包括挂挡信息、转向信息、行驶信息、停车信息。
优选地，所述动态信息还包括车载设备操作信息和/或电动车辆行进信息。
优选地，所述车载设备操作信息包括所述电动车辆的辅助自动驾驶是否打开以及何时打开、和/或强电系统是否开启/关闭以及何时开启/关闭，所述电动车辆行进信息包括所述电动车辆是否经历了爬坡过程、和/或所述电动车辆从左侧还是右侧驶入。
优选地，在所述电动车辆以预定的方式驶入所述特定位置的过程中，所述充换电设施还获取所述充换电设施中的传感器信息，然后根据收到的所述动态信息结合获取的所述传感器信息来判断发起充换电请求的电动车辆是否为驶入所述特定位置的所述电动车辆。
优选地，所述动态信息包括踩踏电动车辆油门的信息以及踩踏电动车辆油门的时间，所述传感器信息包括电动车辆驶离的信息以及电动车辆驶离的时间和电动车辆靠近和停止的信息以及电动车辆靠近和停止的时间。
优选地，所述传感器信息还包括所述特定位置承重的变化和/或生命体感测信息。
优选地，所述充换电设施对所述电动车辆进行鉴权的步骤进一步包括：所述充换电设施向服务器发送鉴权请求；所述服务器根据接收到的鉴权请求，对所述电动车辆的充换电请求进行鉴权；如果鉴权通过，则向所述充换电设施返回鉴权成功的信息。
优选地，所述充换电设施对所述电动车辆进行鉴权的步骤进一步包括：所述充换电设施向所述电动车辆发送鉴权码；所述电动车辆 根据所述鉴权码按照预定的算法计算出应答码，并将所述应答码返回给所述充换电设施；所述充换电设施检查所述应答码是否正确，如果正确则通过鉴权。
优选地，在所述充换电设施对所述电动车辆进行鉴权之前，所述电动车辆向所述充换电设施发送车辆停好确认消息，所述充换电设施在接收到由所述电动车辆发送的车辆停好确认消息后对所述电动车辆进行鉴权。
优选地，在鉴权成功之后，启动所述充电或换电操作之前，所述充换电设施询问所述电动车辆是否做好充换电准备，如果是，则启动所述充电或换电操作。
优选地，在所述充换电设施对所述电动车辆进行充电或换电操作之后，所述方法还包括下述步骤：所述充换电设施向所述电动车辆发送充换电结束的消息；所述电动车辆收到此消息后，开始自检，并在确认可以工作后向所述充换电设施发送确认通知。
优选地，所述充换电设施是充换电站。
本发明的自动充换电方法，整个充换电过程无需工作人员的参与，实现了充换电过程的全自动化，适用于无人值守的自动型充换电设施。此外，由于将电动车辆驶入充换电设施的过程中产生的特有动态信息作为判断依据，本发明的方法还使充换电设施能自动、准确且低成本地识别进入充换电设施的待充换电的电动车辆，尤其在多个车辆同时到达充换电设施的情况下，本发明的方法能够准确识别出应该被加电的车辆，完全不会发生错误识别。
附图说明
图1是本发明的自动充换电方法的流程图；
图2是本发明优选实施例的鉴权方法的流程图；
图3是本发明优选实施例的车辆识别方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图来描述本发明的优选实施方式。本领域技术人员应当理解的是，这些实施方式仅仅用于解释本发明的技术原理，并非旨在限制本发明的保护范围。例如，尽管本申请是结合换电站来描述的，但是本发明的技术方案显然还可以应用于其他充换电设施或场所，这种应用对象的改变并没有偏离本发明的基本原理，因此也将落入本发明的保护范围之内。
图1是本发明实施例的自动充换电方法的流程图。如图1所示，所述方法包括在步骤S1中待充换电的电动车辆与充换电设施建立通信连接。为了实现自动化的充换电过程，电动车辆首先需要与充换电设施建立通信连接，以传递信息，例如电动车辆可以确认充换电设施运行状况是否正常，是否可以提供充换电服务等，充换电设施可以获得电动车辆的信息，例如车辆VIN码、驾驶员ID、电池ID、SOC等。此外，电动车辆还可以远程控制充换电设施，例如远程打开充换电设施的门，启动充换电设施并运送新电池到准备换电工位等。
在本发明一个优选的实施方式中，电动车辆通过无线通信方式，例如WiFi、蓝牙或Zigbee与所述充换电设施建立通信连接，其中，所述电动车辆可以以密码访问或非密码访问的方式与所述充换电设施建立通信连接。举例而言，所述电动车辆以密码访问的方式与所述充换电设施建立通信连接时，所述电动车辆从服务器获取所述充换电设施的用于通信连接的用户名和密码(例如换电设施的WiFi用户名和密码)，当所述电动车辆行驶到所述充换电设施附近时，所述电动车辆检测所述充换电设施的无线信号(例如WiFi信号)，并通过获得的所述用户名和密码与所述充换电设施建立通信连接。通信连接成功后，在步骤S2中所述电 动车辆驶入所述充换电设施服务范围内的特定位置。优选地，在所述电动车辆驶入所述充换电设施的所述特定位置之前，所述电动车辆远程控制充换电设施开门。举例而言，所述电动车辆事先从用于管理充换电设施的服务器处获取所述充换电设施的开门鉴权信息(例如开门密码)，当所述电动车辆与所述充换电设施建立通信连接后，将所述开门鉴权信息发送给所述充换电设施，如果鉴权通过，则所述充换电设施开门，然后所述电动车辆驶入所述充换电设施中的所述特定位置，该特定位置可包括：车辆停止并可接受充电或换电服务的位置－即充换电工位，车辆能够进入、并且进入后其他车辆无法再使用本充换电设施充电或换电服务的位置等。
在一个实施方式中，在所述电动车辆远程控制所述充换电设施开门之前，通过人机交互或全自动的方式启动自动充换电流程。以人机交互为例，可由电动车辆提示驾驶员是否进入自动充换电流程，如果是，则驾驶员例如通过车内按键启动自动充换电流程，然后才发送事先获取的开门鉴权信息，远程控制充换电设施开门。由此避免车辆只是碰巧经过而误开门的情况。
在所述电动车辆驶入所述充换电设施中的充换电工位之后，在本发明的步骤S4中，所述充换电设施对所述电动车辆进行自动化鉴权。鉴权的目的是判断当前车辆和/或驾驶员是否被授权在所述充换电设施进行充换电，只有获得授权的车辆和/或驾驶员才允许进行充换电。这样有利于充换电设施的管理和维护。
在一个优选的实施方式中，如图2所示，所述充换电设施对所述电动车辆进行自动化鉴权的步骤进一步包括：所述充换电设施向服务器发送鉴权请求，鉴权请求的信息中例如可以包括车辆的ID、驾驶员的ID以及充换电设施的ID；所述服务器根据接收到的鉴权请求，对所述电动车辆的充换电请求进行鉴权，具体地，所述服务器收到鉴权请求后 会根据之前的授权记录进行验证，如果有相应的授权记录，则鉴权通过，向所述充换电设施返回鉴权成功的信息，否则拒绝该次充换电服务。在另一个优选的实施方式中，所述充换电设施对所述电动车辆的自动化鉴权以本地鉴权的方式进行，这尤其适用于所述电动车辆和所述充换电设施中一方或双方在鉴权时没有联网的情况。优选地，该本地鉴权的步骤进一步包括：所述充换电设施向所述电动车辆发送鉴权码(例如一个随机数)；所述电动车辆根据所述鉴权码按照预定的算法计算出应答码，并将所述应答码返回给所述充换电设施；所述充换电设施检查所述应答码是否正确，如果正确则通过鉴权。举例而言，所述充换电设施生成一个随机数salt_code发送给所述电动车辆，所述电动车辆根据所述随机数salt_code计算出应答码response_code，并将该应答码返回给所述充换电设施，其中：
Figure PCTCN2017095143-appb-000001
所述充换电设施获取所述电动车辆发送的response_code，并根据自己的私钥PrivateKeySwap得到response_code中的Data内容，本地验证所述电动车辆证书，并从所述电动车辆证书中提取所述电动车辆的公钥PubKeyVehile，通过得到的PubKeyVehile得到Data信息中virtual_key的原始信息MD5(salt_code+timestamp+swap_id)，然后通过salt_code,timestamp和自己的ID本地计算MD5(salt_code+timestamp+swap_id) 的值，最后比较本地计算的MD5和所述电动车辆发送的MD5是否相等，如果相等则通过本地鉴权。在其它的实施方式中也可以使用TLS协议进行本地鉴权。
在一个实施方式中，在所述充换电设施对所述电动车辆进行鉴权之前，执行所述电动车辆向所述充换电设施发送车辆停好确认消息的步骤，所述充换电设施在接收到由所述电动车辆发送的车辆停好确认消息后对所述电动车辆进行鉴权。此外，也可以通过驾驶员手动操作所述充换电设施来触发所述充换电设施对所述电动车辆的鉴权。
鉴权成功之后在步骤S5中所述充换电设施启动充换电操作，对所述电动车辆进行充换电。优选地，在鉴权成功之后，启动所述充电或换电操作之前，所述充换电设施询问所述电动车辆是否做好充换电准备，如果是，则启动所述充电或换电操作。进一步优选地，在所述充换电设施对所述电动车辆进行充电或换电操作之后，所述方法还包括下述步骤：所述充换电设施向所述电动车辆发送充换电结束的消息；所述电动车辆收到此消息后，开始自检，并在确认可以工作后向所述充换电设施发送确认通知，然后车辆自动地或者由驾驶员驶离充换电设施。
在本发明一个优选的实施方式中，在所述充换电设施对所述电动车辆进行鉴权之前，本发明还包括可选的步骤S3：所述充换电设施识别驶入的所述电动车辆。优选地，在所述电动车辆驶入所述充换电设施服务范围内的特定位置时，所述电动车辆以预定的方式驶入所述特定位置，并将驶入过程中电动车辆的动态信息发送给所述充换电设施。例如，车辆沿着预定的轨迹、和/或以倒车的方式、和/或以自动驾驶模式驶入所述特定位置。与此同时，电动车辆将驶入过程中的动态信息发送给所述充换电设施，所述充换电设施根据收到的所述动态信息，判断发起充换电请求的电动车辆是否为驶入所述特定位置的所述电动车辆。所述电动车辆发送给所述充换电设施的动态信息优选地包括电动车辆操作信 息，例如车辆驶入过程中的挂挡信息、转向信息、行驶信息、停车信息等。然后，在所述充换电设施识别驶入的所述电动车辆的步骤中，所述充换电设施根据接收到的所述动态信息，将经历了与这些动态信息对应的动态过程的电动车辆识别为驶入所述特定位置的所述电动车辆，这时如果有电动车辆向所述充换电设施发起换电请求，所述充换电设施就能判断发起充换电请求的电动车辆是否为驶入所述特定位置的所述电动车辆。
在本发明的一个实施方式中，所述动态信息还包括车载设备操作信息和/或电动车辆行进信息，其中车载设备操作信息可包括所述电动车辆的辅助自动驾驶是否打开以及何时打开、和/或强电系统是否开启/关闭以及何时开启/关闭，电动车辆行进信息可包括所述电动车辆是否经历了爬坡过程、和/或所述电动车辆从左侧还是右侧驶入。当电动车辆驶入了所述充换电设施的特定位置，并发送了驶入过程中的上述动态信息之后，该电动车辆的驾驶员可触发充换电请求，并进行身份确认，充换电设施检测到其对应的车辆已经完成充换电准备动作，并停在充换电工位内准备充换电，自检通过后开始充换电操作。本发明的方法能够准确地识别进入充换电设施内的车辆，如果在此过程中有其他驾驶员触发充换电设施上的充换电开始命令，充换电设施会要求驾驶员进行身份确认和鉴权(例如要求输入车辆ID)，并与车辆的信息进行对应，如果对应的车辆没有进行上述动态过程，并且/或者强电系统没有关闭，则充换电设施不响应该充换电请求。
在本发明的一个实施方式中，在所述电动车辆以预定的方式驶入所述充换电设施的特定位置的过程中，所述充换电设施还获取所述充换电设施中的传感器信息，然后根据收到的所述动态信息结合获取的所述传感器信息来判断发起充换电请求的电动车辆是否为驶入所述特定位置的所述电动车辆。优选地，所述动态信息包括踩踏电动车辆油门的 信息以及踩踏电动车辆油门的时间，所述传感器信息包括例如通过定位槽传感器获取的电动车辆驶离的信息以及电动车辆驶离的时间，还有例如通过接近开关获取的电动车辆靠近和停止的信息以及电动车辆靠近和停止的时间。此外，还可通过充换电设施承重的变化(具体是所述特定位置上的停车平台的承重变化)和/或生命体感测信息来识别车辆驶入了所述特定位置。在该实施方式中，通过车辆发送的驶入过程中的动态信息，结合充换电设施中的传感器信息，以时间戳同步，能够自动、准确地识别进入充换电设施的待换电的车辆。
下面参阅图3，图3为本发明优选实施例的充换电设施识别电动车辆的方法的流程图。在该实施例中，充换电设施具体为单工位的模块化换电站，所述电动车辆以倒车的方式驶入换电站，所述电动车辆发送给所述换电站的操作信息包括挂倒挡信息、转向信息、倒车信息、停车信息等，然后换电站根据车辆发送的这些操作信息，确认经历了这些操作过程的车辆为当前驶入换电站的车辆。具体地，如图3所示，在步骤S210中，车辆行驶到换电站附近，通过开门指令打开换电站门。接着在步骤S220中，车辆开始倒车转向，并发送挂倒挡、倒车转向信息给换电站。然后在步骤S230中，车辆方向盘打正，倒车驶入换电站，并发送方向盘回正信息给换电站，换电站接收车辆信息，并从停车平台传感器获知有车辆驶入。然后在步骤S240中，车辆继续倒车，然后刹停，并发送相应油门踏板信息和刹车信息给换电站。最后在步骤S250中，车辆到换电位置停稳，并发送停车信息给换电站，换电站接收停车信息，并通过传感器获知有车辆停稳。因此，换电站根据车辆发送的上述信息，识别出车辆的开门-挂倒档-转向-回正-倒车(此时换电站传感器感测到有车辆驶入)-刹停(传感器感测到车辆停稳)等动作过程，进而确认经历了上述动作过程的车辆为停在换电工位上的车辆。
根据上述车辆识别的方法，如果有其他车辆同时到达并发送开门指令，但没有经历上述一系列动作，或者相应动作发生时没有和换电站内传感器信息同步，则其不是停在换电工位上的车辆。例如，假设有两辆车A和B同时到达换电站，与换电站建立通信连接并发送开门指令，而实际上只有车辆A倒车进入换电站，在此过程中，换电站与车辆A和B都进行通信，但仅识别到车辆A有图2所示的动作过程，从而获知当前进入换电工位的车是A车，此时如果B车的驾驶员试图对换电站进行认证操作，由于在后台已将驾驶员和车进行一一对应，换电站将不响应B车驾驶员的换电请求操作。
在上述优选的车辆识别的方法中，本领域技术人员能够理解的是，由于判断依据是在驶入充换电设施的特定位置(例如充电或换电工位)的过程中电动车辆自身产生的特有动态信息(该信息可通过车辆的CAN和/或LIN总线便捷地获取)，该方法能够消除外部识别设备带来的成本上升和准确率下降的问题，使充换电设施能自动、准确且低成本地识别进入充换电设施的待充换电的电动车辆，尤其在多个车辆同时到达充换电设施的情况下，该方法能够准确识别出应该被加电的车辆，完全不会发生错误识别。
本发明的自动充换电方法，实现了整个充换电过程的全自动化，适用于无人值守的自动型充换电设施。进一步，就充换电过程而言，本发明可以全程无需驾驶员参与，自动完成充换电全流程操作。就通信方式而言，本发明优选采用短距离无线通信方式例如WiFi、蓝牙或Zigbee与充换电设施通信，具有成本低、兼容性好、通信质量好的优点。如果采用3G/4G与充换电设施通信，不但成本高，而且在地下室内可能无信号。就车辆识别方式而言，本发明优选地通过车辆发送的实时动态信息识别出驶入充换电设施的车辆，本方法对硬件设备需求小，可以直接利用车上现有软硬件资源，无需额外增加设备。
至此，已经结合附图所示的优选实施方式描述了本发明的技术方案，但是，本领域技术人员容易理解的是，本发明的保护范围显然不局限于这些具体实施方式。在不偏离本发明的原理的前提下，本领域技术人员可以对相关技术特征做出等同的更改或替换，这些更改或替换之后的技术方案都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (29)

  1. 一种电动车辆自动充换电方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括下述步骤：
    待充换电的电动车辆与充换电设施建立通信连接；
    所述电动车辆驶入所述充换电设施服务范围内的特定位置；
    所述充换电设施对所述电动车辆进行鉴权；
    如果鉴权成功，所述充换电设施启动充电或换电操作，对所述电动车辆进行充电或换电。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在待充换电的电动车辆与充换电设施建立通信连接的步骤中，所述电动车辆通过无线通信方式与所述充换电设施建立通信连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述无线通信方式为WiFi、蓝牙或Zigbee，所述电动车辆以密码访问或非密码访问的方式与所述充换电设施建立通信连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述电动车辆以密码访问的方式与所述充换电设施建立通信连接的步骤进一步包括：
    所述电动车辆从服务器获取所述充换电设施的用于通信连接的用户名和密码；
    当所述电动车辆行驶到所述充换电设施附近时，所述电动车辆检测所述充换电设施的无线信号，并通过获得的所述用户名和密码与所述充换电设施建立通信连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述电动车辆驶入所述充换电设施的所述特定位置之前，所述电动车辆远程控制所述充换电设施开门。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述电动车辆远程控制所述充换电设施开门的步骤进一步包括：
    所述电动车辆从服务器获取所述充换电设施的开门鉴权信息；
    当所述电动车辆与所述充换电设施建立通信连接后，将所述鉴权信息发送给所述充换电设施，如果鉴权通过，则所述充换电设施开门。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述电动车辆远程控制所述充换电设施开门之前，通过人机交互或全自动的方式启动自动充换电流程。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述电动车辆驶入所述充换电设施服务范围内的特定位置的步骤中，所述电动车辆以预定的方式驶入所述特定位置，并将驶入过程中的动态信息发送给所述充换电设施。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述充换电设施对所述电动车辆进行鉴权之前，所述充换电设施识别驶入的所述电动车辆。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述充换电设施识别驶入的所述电动车辆的步骤中，所述充换电设施根据收到的所述动态信息，判断发起充换电请求的电动车辆是否为驶入所述特定位置的所述电动车辆。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述电动车辆以预定的方式驶入所述特定位置时，所述电动车辆沿预定的轨迹和/或以倒车的方式和/或以自动驾驶模式驶入所述特定位置。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述电动车辆将驶入过程中的电动车辆操作信息作为所述动态信息发送给所述充换电设施。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述电动车辆操作信息包括挂挡信息、转向信息、行驶信息、停车信息。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述动态信息还包括车载设备操作信息和/或电动车辆行进信息。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述车载设备操作信息包括所述电动车辆的辅助自动驾驶是否打开以及何时打开、和/或强电系统是否开启/关闭以及何时开启/关闭，
    所述电动车辆行进信息包括所述电动车辆是否经历了爬坡过程、和/或所述电动车辆从左侧还是右侧驶入。
  16. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述电动 车辆以预定的方式驶入所述特定位置的过程中，所述充换电设施还获取所述充换电设施中的传感器信息，然后根据收到的所述动态信息结合获取的所述传感器信息来判断发起充换电请求的电动车辆是否为驶入所述特定位置的所述电动车辆。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述动态信息包括踩踏电动车辆油门的信息以及踩踏电动车辆油门的时间，所述传感器信息包括电动车辆驶离的信息以及电动车辆驶离的时间和电动车辆靠近和停止的信息以及电动车辆靠近和停止的时间。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述传感器信息还包括所述特定位置承重的变化和/或生命体感测信息。
  19. 根据权利要求1-18中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述充换电设施对所述电动车辆进行鉴权的步骤进一步包括：
    所述充换电设施向服务器发送鉴权请求；
    所述服务器根据接收到的鉴权请求，对所述电动车辆的充换电请求进行鉴权；
    如果鉴权通过，则向所述充换电设施返回鉴权成功的信息。
  20. 根据权利要求1-18中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述充换电设施对所述电动车辆进行鉴权的步骤进一步包括：
    所述充换电设施向所述电动车辆发送鉴权码；
    所述电动车辆根据所述鉴权码按照预定的算法计算出应答码，并将所述应答码返回给所述充换电设施；
    所述充换电设施检查所述应答码是否正确，如果正确则通过鉴权。
  21. 根据权利要求1-18所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述充换电设施对所述电动车辆进行鉴权之前，所述电动车辆向所述充换电设施发送车辆停好确认消息，所述充换电设施在接收到由所述电动车辆发送的车辆停好确认消息后对所述电动车辆进行鉴权。
  22. 根据权利要求1-18所述的方法，其特征在于，在鉴权成功之后，启动所述充电或换电操作之前，所述充换电设施询问所述电动车辆是否做好充换电准备，如果是，则启动所述充电或换电操作。
  23. 根据权利要求1-18所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述充换电设施对所述电动车辆进行充电或换电操作之后，所述方法还包括下述步骤：
    所述充换电设施向所述电动车辆发送充换电结束的消息；
    所述电动车辆收到此消息后，开始自检，并在确认可以工作后向所述充换电设施发送确认通知。
  24. 根据权利要求1-18所述的方法，其特征在于，所述充换电设施是充换电站。
  25. 根据权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于，所述充换电设施是充换电站。
  26. 根据权利要求20所述的方法，其特征在于，所述充换电设施是充换电站。
  27. 根据权利要求21所述的方法，其特征在于，所述充换电设施是充换电站。
  28. 根据权利要求22所述的方法，其特征在于，所述充换电设施是充换电站。
  29. 根据权利要求23所述的方法，其特征在于，所述充换电设施是充换电站。
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