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WO2016177009A1 - 接触器和接触器系统 - Google Patents

接触器和接触器系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016177009A1
WO2016177009A1 PCT/CN2015/099753 CN2015099753W WO2016177009A1 WO 2016177009 A1 WO2016177009 A1 WO 2016177009A1 CN 2015099753 W CN2015099753 W CN 2015099753W WO 2016177009 A1 WO2016177009 A1 WO 2016177009A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
contact
movable contact
moving
movable
contactor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/099753
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
南寅
汪从礼
张明亮
孟令乾
Original Assignee
首瑞（北京）投资管理集团有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 首瑞（北京）投资管理集团有限公司 filed Critical 首瑞（北京）投资管理集团有限公司
Priority to RU2017140453A priority Critical patent/RU2017140453A/ru
Priority to BR112017022474-7A priority patent/BR112017022474A2/zh
Priority to CA2984973A priority patent/CA2984973A1/en
Priority to US15/571,170 priority patent/US10453629B2/en
Priority to AU2015393750A priority patent/AU2015393750A1/en
Priority to SG11201709032QA priority patent/SG11201709032QA/en
Priority to EP15891251.9A priority patent/EP3293749A4/en
Publication of WO2016177009A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016177009A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/38—Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2235/00—Springs
    • H01H2235/01—Spiral spring

Definitions

  • the present application relates to a contactor, and more particularly to a contactor for use in a place of use where the operating frequency is low and the number of operations is small.
  • the contactor according to an embodiment of the present application can be applied, for example, to a control circuit of an electric motor.
  • Embodiments of the present application also relate to a contactor system using the contactor.
  • the contactor is mainly used in the control circuit to remotely switch on and off the circuit and control the start, stop, and break of the motor, and can be combined with appropriate thermal relays or electronics.
  • the type of protection device is combined into a motor starter to protect circuits that may be overloaded. It is widely used in light industry, metallurgy, chemical industry, coal mining, machinery, lifting, railway, shipbuilding, communications and other industries.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a vacuum magnetic point contactor whose structure consists of a vacuum sealed chamber and an outer cavity coil.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses a three-phase AC three-pole single-breakpoint direct-acting contactor having three movable contacts and three stationary contacts corresponding to their positions.
  • Patent Document 3 Chinese Patent Application Publication No. CN101017740A discloses a relay including a body, dynamic and static contacts disposed on the body, and a movable and static contact on the side of the running direction of the moving contact. An iron grid that cuts off the arc.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a contactor including: a static contact; a movable contact movable in a direction approaching or away from the stationary contact; two movable contact arcs, Located on opposite sides of the movable contact in a first direction, and fixed to and electrically connected to the movable contact; two static contact arcs, respectively located in the first direction Opposite two sides of the stationary contact, and fixed to and electrically connected to the static contact; and two arc extinguishing chambers disposed in the first direction respectively from the movable contact through the two movements
  • Contact lead An extension line extending from the arc piece, wherein the two moving contact arc pieces form an incomplete surrounding of the moving contact, and the incomplete surrounding is substantially orthogonal to the first direction There is a gap on it.
  • a contactor including: a static contact; a movable contact that is movable in a direction approaching or away from the fixed contact; two movable contact arcs And respectively located on opposite sides of the movable contact in a first direction, and fixed to and electrically connected to the movable contact; two static contact arcs are respectively located in the first direction Opposite two sides of the stationary contact, and fixed to and electrically connected to the static contact; two arc extinguishing chambers disposed in the first direction respectively from the movable contact through the two movements
  • Yet another embodiment of the present application provides a contactor system comprising the above described contactor and control means for controlling the closing and breaking of the contactor.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a cross-sectional perspective view of a contactor in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 2 shows an exploded view of the remaining components after removal of the contact support from the contactor of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a moving contact arc piece according to an exemplary embodiment
  • Figure 4 is a top cross-sectional view of the embodiment of Figure 1 illustrating the arc extinguishing structure associated with the moving contact in this embodiment;
  • Figure 5 is a view showing the positional relationship between the movable contact and the movable contact arc in the embodiment shown in Figure 4;
  • Figure 7 illustrates a contactor system in which the moving and stationary contacts are in a natural state (disconnected) in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 8 illustrates a contactor system in which the moving and stationary contacts are turned on (closed) in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 9 illustrates an overall appearance of a product obtained by housing a contactor system in a housing, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.
  • the contactor 100 may include at least some of the following components: a static contact terminal 1, a left arc extinguishing chamber 2, a moving contact 3, a moving contact spring 4, and two moving contact arcs. 5.
  • Soft connecting wire 6 moving contact terminal 7, moving contact contact plate 8, right arc extinguishing chamber 9, static contact 10, and two static contact arcing pieces 11.
  • the movable contact 3, the movable contact contact plate 8 and the movable contact arc piece 5 can be stacked and fixed together (for example, by riveting, welding, clamping, etc.);
  • the stationary contact 10, the stationary contact pilot 11 and the stationary contact terminal 1 can also be stacked and secured together (e.g., by riveting, welding, clamping, etc.).
  • the left arc extinguishing chamber 2 and the right arc extinguishing chamber 9 are respectively disposed on an extension line of the driven contact 3 extending through each of the moving contact arc runners 5 (or extending from the stationary contact 10 through each of the static contact arc runners 11) Up (see Figure 4).
  • the above manner is only an example; in addition to using the movable contact contact plate 8 or the static contact terminal block 1, the movable contact 3 and the movable contact arc runner 5 (and the stationary contact 10) may be used in other manners. It is electrically connected and fixed to the static contact arc piece 11).
  • the soft connection line 6 can be used as the current flow.
  • one end of the flexible connecting wire 6 is connected (for example, welded or riveted) to one end of the movable contact contact plate 8, and the other end is connected (for example, welded or riveted) to the movable contact terminal 7.
  • the contact support 12 is internally provided with a cavity, and the movable contact 3 and the static contact 10 can be placed in the cavity, and the guide groove provided in the cavity can ensure that the movable contact 3 is in the contact support 12 along the approach or Moving away from the direction of the stationary contact 10.
  • the moving contact arcing piece 5 and the static contact arcing piece 11 can respectively introduce the arc generated when the movable contact 3 and the static contact 10 are disconnected into the left arc extinguishing chamber 2 and the right arc extinguishing chamber 9 for arc extinguishing.
  • the left arc extinguishing chamber 2 and the right arc extinguishing chamber 9 are respectively provided with exhaust openings in a direction away from the movable contact 3 (or the stationary contact 10).
  • FIG. 3 shows the structure of the moving contact arcing blade 5 according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • Moving contact The arc piece 5 is provided with projections 52 and 53 which can be engaged with the guide grooves in the contact holder 12 to move the movable contact arc piece 5 along the guide groove along with the movable contact 3.
  • the movable contact arc piece 5 is also provided with a mating structure 54 for cooperating with the outer contour of the movable contact 3.
  • the movable contact arc piece 5 shown in FIG. 3 further includes the bent portion 51, in other embodiments, the movable contact arc piece 5 may be flat as a whole.
  • the mating structure 54 is arcuate in FIG. 3, this is merely exemplary; when the movable contact 3 has other shapes, the mating structure may have a corresponding shape complementary thereto.
  • the movable contact arcing piece 5 can be manufactured using a magnetically permeable material.
  • FIG. 4 is a top cross-sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. 1 illustrating the arc extinguishing structure associated with the moving contact in this embodiment.
  • the two moving contact arc pieces 5 are respectively located on opposite sides of the movable contact 3 in the first direction (ie, the horizontal direction in the drawing), and the two moving contact arc pieces 5 are not moved.
  • the contact 3 is completely surrounded, that is, the direction between the two moving contact arcing pieces 5 in a direction substantially orthogonal to the line between the left and right arc extinguishing chambers 2, 9 (i.e., near the contact support 12) ) There is a gap.
  • the movable contact arc piece 5 Since the movable contact arc piece 5 is fixed on the movable contact 3 to form a whole, the arc will be directed to the distance moving contact regardless of the contact position of the moving and static contacts in any of the areas 1, 2, 3, and 4 in FIG.
  • the arc 5 is moved in the direction of (near magnetic resistance) and is introduced into the arc extinguishing chambers 2, 9 to be cooled and extinguished, thereby reducing the time for the arc to stay on the moving and stationary contacts.
  • the movable contact arcing piece 5 is made of a magnetically permeable material, the magnetic resistance between the moving contact 3 and the movable contact arcing piece 5 is much smaller than that of the notch, which can ensure the generation of the dynamic and static contacts.
  • the arc moves under the action of the ampere force to the moving contact arcing piece 5 having a small magnetic resistance. Moreover, the position of the notch between the moving contact arcing pieces 5 can effectively prevent the arc from being guided to the contact support 12, and the burning of the contact support 12 can be alleviated.
  • the arc can be quickly and effectively introduced into the arc extinguishing chambers 2, 9 on both sides to be cooled and extinguished.
  • the gap between the two moving contact arcing pieces 5 may be provided with other materials such as a high magnetoresistive material or a high temperature resistant material.
  • a static contact arcing blade 11 is disposed on each of the left and right sides of the static contact 10, and the static contact arcing blade 11 may have a structure similar to that of the movable contact arcing blade 5.
  • the two stationary contact arc segments 11 do not completely surround the stationary contact 10, that is, there is a gap between the two stationary contact arc runners 11 at a position close to the contact holder 12.
  • the static contact arc runner 11 can also be fabricated using a magnetically permeable material.
  • the protrusions corresponding to the protrusions 52, 53 on the movable contact arc piece 5 may or may not be provided on the static contact arc piece 11.
  • Figure 5 more clearly shows the moving contact 3 and the moving contact lead in the embodiment shown in Figure 4
  • the positional relationship between the five is also applicable to the stationary contact 10 and the fixed contact arcing blade 11.
  • FIG. 5 when the movable contact 3 is placed in the cavity of the contact support 12 and moves in the guide groove as the contact support 12 (in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface), dynamic and static contact
  • the contact position when the heads 3, 10 are closed is closer to the central area, ie the desired range of design positions.
  • the center deviation of the static and dynamic contacts 3, 10 can be reduced, the maximum contact contact area can be ensured, and the contact resistance, temperature rise, and power consumption can be reduced.
  • Fig. 6 shows a comparative example in a similar manner to Fig. 5, in which only one piece of pilot arc is provided.
  • the comparative example shown in FIG. 6 is more divergent than the embodiment of FIG. 3 when the moving and stationary contacts are closed, and may be away from the center position of the moving and stationary contacts. This may result in a large center deviation of the moving and static contacts, resulting in a decrease in the contact area of the contacts, resulting in large contact contact resistance, high temperature rise, and high power consumption.
  • FIG. 7 and 8 illustrate a contactor system including the above described contactor 100 and control means for controlling the closing and breaking of the contactor 100, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the control device includes a movable iron core 16, a static iron core 13, a reaction force spring 15, and a control coil 14 that is energized/de-energized from the outside.
  • the contact support 12 is connected to the moving iron core 16.
  • Fig. 7 depicts the operating state of the movable contact 3 and the stationary contact 10 in a natural state (disconnected).
  • Figure 8 depicts the operating state of the movable contact 3 and the stationary contact 10 when closed.
  • the movable contact 3 and the stationary contact 10 of the contactor 100 are placed in the cavity of the contact support 12.
  • the control coil 14 When the control coil 14 is not energized, there is a distance between the movable iron core 16 and the static iron core 13 under the action of the reaction force spring 15, so that the contact support 12 connected to the movable iron core 16 also makes the movable contact 3 and the static contact A certain distance is maintained between 10, which is the contact opening distance of the contactor 100.
  • the contactor 100 turns on the circuit from the stationary contact terminal 1 to the movable contact terminal 7, so that an electric device (such as a motor or the like) realizes a function of energization operation.
  • an electric device such as a motor or the like
  • the contactor 100 breaks the circuit from the stationary contact terminal 1 to the movable contact terminal 7, so that an electric device (such as a motor or the like) realizes a power-off stop function.
  • an electric device such as a motor or the like
  • the inventors studied various combinations of arc-lead and arc-extinguishing chambers, and performed a total of six arc-extinguishing schemes to verify the same rated voltage, current, and power factor. At the frequency and frequency, the electrical life verification is performed, and the results of the electrical life value and the arc extinguishing effect are as follows.
  • the contactor adopts double-sided arc extinguishing chambers of left and right double-sided arc-leading sheets, and the test is performed for more than 500,000 times, and the surfaces of the movable contact 3 and the static contact 7 are slightly burned.
  • the contact support 12 is slightly burnt, and the soft connection line 6, the movable contact terminal 7, and the static contact terminal 1 are not burnt.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates an overall appearance of a product obtained by housing a contactor system including a contactor 100 in a housing, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.
  • the movable contact and the static contact of the contactor are located in a cavity supported by the contact, and the cavity supports movement with the contact.
  • the volume is smaller, the material is saved, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
  • the moving contact of the contactor moves within the cavity supported by the contact.
  • the motion trajectory is more precise.
  • the contact position is closer to the contact center area of the theoretical design, and the center deviation when the moving and static contacts are closed is ensured.
  • the contact area of the largest contact reduces the contact resistance, reduces the contact temperature rise during use, and reduces power loss.
  • the contact supports and contacts are typically designed as a clearance fit. Due to the wear and tear of the use process (inevitable), the gap will become larger as the number of movements increases, and the influence of gravity and reaction springs will cause the contact position to be generated when the moving and static contacts are closed. Deterministic, that is, the arc root position of the initial arc and the uncertainty of the arc motion direction are generated by the breaking process of the moving and static contacts.
  • the contactor adopts a double-side arc-lead piece (moving contact arc piece, static contact arc piece), and the movable contact arc piece is located on one of the left and right sides of the movable contact, and two The moving contact arcing piece does not completely surround the moving contact, that is, there are notches on both sides of the contact supporting contact, and the moving contact starting piece and the moving contact form an integral structure; the static contact starting piece is located in the static One of the left and right sides of the contact, and the two static contact arcs do not completely surround the static contact, that is, there are notches on both sides of the contact support, and the static contact arc and the static contact form a whole structure.
  • Patent Document 3 it is possible to ensure that the energy of the arc generated when the movable contact and the fixed contact are disconnected is quickly and efficiently entered into the arc extinguishing chamber to be cooled and extinguished.
  • the arc-guiding piece is made of a magnetically permeable material, so that The magnetoresistance between the stationary contact and the pilot is much smaller than at the notch (in one embodiment, the simulated values indicate a difference of more than 3000 times).
  • the moving and static contacts are broken to generate an arc, under the action of Ampere force, the arc moves toward the arc runner with small magnetic reluctance, and leads it to the direction of the arc-striking plate to reduce the time that the arc stays on the moving and static contacts.
  • the position of the notch of the arc-lead piece can be effectively prevented from guiding the arc to the contact support, and the support for burning loss is reduced, and the double-sided arc-extinguishing structure corresponds to the double-side arc extinguishing chamber (left arc extinguishing chamber, right arc extinguishing chamber)
  • the structure is used to quickly and effectively introduce the arc into the arc extinguishing chamber to cool and extinguish through the arc guide.
  • An exemplary embodiment of the present application provides a method of fabricating the contactor 100.
  • the method can include steps S1-S4.
  • step S1 the movable contact 3 and the two movable contact arc pieces 5 are fixed together to form a movable contact body.
  • the two movable contact arc pieces 5 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the movable contact 3, and the moving contact 3 is not completely surrounded, that is, the movable contact arcing piece 5 is left at a position close to the contact support 12 There is a gap.
  • the movable contact arcing piece 5 can be fixed to the movable contact contact plate 8 and the movable contact contact plate 8 and the movable contact 3 can be fixed.
  • the movable contact contact plate 8 and the movable contact terminal 7 can be connected together by a flexible connecting wire 6.
  • step S2 the stationary contact 10 and the two stationary contact arc pieces 11 are fixed together to form a fixed contact body.
  • the two static contact arc segments 11 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the static contact 10, and the static contact 10 is not completely surrounded, that is, the static contact arc 11 is left at a position close to the contact support 12. There is a gap.
  • the stationary contact arcing piece 11 can be fixed to the stationary contact terminal 1 and the stationary contact terminal 1 can be fixed to the stationary contact 10.
  • step S3 the movable contact body and the fixed contact body are respectively fitted into the cavity of the contact support 12, and a predetermined distance (contact opening distance) is maintained between the movable contact body and the fixed contact body.
  • step S4 the left arc extinguishing chamber 2 and the right arc extinguishing chamber 9 are respectively fixed on opposite sides of the movable and static contact bodies, and are kept at a predetermined interval from the movable arc striking piece 5 and the static pilot arc piece 11.
  • the contactor 100 shown in the embodiment of Fig. 1 can be manufactured. It should be noted that the various steps described above are not necessarily performed in the order described, and the order of the partial steps (e.g., steps S1 and S2) may be reversed or may be performed in parallel.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Abstract

一种接触器和接触器系统。接触器（100）包括：静触头（10）；动触头（3），能够沿着相对于静触头接近或远离的方向运动；两个动触头引弧片（5），在第一方向上分别位于动触头的相反两侧，并且固定且电连接到动触头；两个静触头引弧片（11），在第一方向上分别位于静触头的相反两侧，并且固定且电连接到静触头；以及两个灭弧室（2、9），在第一方向上布置在从动触头分别经过两个动触头引弧片延伸的延长线上。根据一种实施例，两个动触头引弧片对动触头形成不完整的包围，不完整的包围在与第一方向大致正交的方向上有缺口。根据另一种实施例，接触器包括触头支持（12），触头支持内部设置有空腔，动触头和静触头布置在空腔中。

Description

接触器和接触器系统 技术领域
本申请涉及接触器，尤其是涉及在操作频率较低、操作次数较少的使用场所用的接触器。根据本申请实施例的接触器例如可以应用于电动机的控制电路。本申请的实施例还涉及使用该接触器的接触器系统。
背景技术
接触器作为一种量大、面广的控制电器，主要用于在控制电路中，远距离接通、分断电路及控制电动机起动、停止、运转中分断等，并可与适当的热继电器或电子式保护装置组合成电动机起动器，保护可能发生过载的电路，广泛用于轻工、冶金、化工、煤矿、机械、起重、铁路、船舶、通信等行业。
中国实用新型专利CN2091028U(专利文献1)披露了一种真空磁控点接触器，其结构由一真空密封腔和一个腔外线圈组成。
中国实用新型专利CN2342458Y(专利文献2)披露了一种三相交流三极单断点直动式接触器，具有三个动触点和与其位置相对应的三个静触点。
中国发明专利申请公开CN101017740A(专利文献3)披露了一种继电器，包括机体、设于机体上的动、静触头，在动触头运行方向线的旁侧设有位于动、静触头之间以利灭弧的铁栅片。
发明内容
本申请的一种实施例提供了一种接触器，包括：静触头；动触头，能够沿着相对于所述静触头接近或远离的方向运动；两个动触头引弧片，在第一方向上分别位于所述动触头的相反两侧，并且固定到且电连接到所述动触头；两个静触头引弧片，在所述第一方向上分别位于所述静触头的相反两侧，并且固定到且电连接到所述静触头；以及两个灭弧室，在所述第一方向上布置在从所述动触头分别经过所述两个动触头引 弧片延伸的延长线上，其中，所述两个动触头引弧片对所述动触头形成不完整的包围，所述不完整的包围在与所述第一方向大致正交的方向上具有缺口。
本申请的另一种实施例提供了一种接触器，包括：静触头；动触头，能够沿着相对于所述静触头接近或远离的方向运动；两个动触头引弧片，在第一方向上分别位于所述动触头的相反两侧，并且固定到且电连接到所述动触头；两个静触头引弧片，在所述第一方向上分别位于所述静触头的相反两侧，并且固定到且电连接到所述静触头；两个灭弧室，在所述第一方向上布置在从所述动触头分别经过所述两个动触头引弧片延伸的延长线上；以及触头支持，所述触头支持内部设有空腔，所述动触头和所述静触头布置在所述空腔中。
本申请的再一种实施例提供了一种接触器系统，包括上述接触器以及控制装置，控制装置用于对所述接触器的闭合和分断进行控制。
附图说明
图1示出了根据本申请示例性实施例的接触器的剖视立体图；
图2示出了从图1的接触器中去除触头支持之后，其余部件的分解图；
图3为根据示例性实施例的动触头引弧片的结构示意图；
图4是图1所示实施例的俯视剖视图，图示了该实施例中与动触头相关联的灭弧结构；
图5示出了图4所示实施例中的动触头和动触头引弧片之间的位置关系；
图6示出了一种比较示例中的动触头和动触头引弧片之间的位置关系；
图7示出了根据本发明示例性实施例的接触器系统，其中动、静触头处于自然状态(分断)；
图8示出了根据本发明示例性实施例的接触器系统，其中动、静触头接通(闭合)；
图9示出了根据示例性实施例，将接触器系统容纳于外壳中所得产品的整体外观图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和具体实施例，对本发明的示例性实施例进一步详细说明。
图1示出了根据本申请示例性实施例的接触器100的剖视立体图，图2示出了从图1的接触器100中去除触头支持12之后，其余部件的分解图。如图1所示，接触器100可以包括以下部件中的至少一些：静触头接线端子1、左灭弧室2、动触头3、动触头弹簧4、两个动触头引弧片5、软连接线6、动触头接线端子7、动触头接触板8、右灭弧室9、静触头10、两个静触头引弧片11。
如图1所示，根据该实施例，动触头3、动触头接触板8和动触头引弧片5可以叠放并固定在一起(例如通过铆接、焊接、卡箍等方式)；静触头10、静触头引弧片11和静触头接线端子1也可以叠放并固定在一起(例如通过铆接、焊接、卡箍等方式)。左灭弧室2、右灭弧室9分别设置在从动触头3经过各个动触头引弧片5延伸(或从静触头10经过各个静触头引弧片11延伸)的延长线上(参见图4)。但上述方式仅是示例；除了使用动触头接触板8或静触头接线端子板1之外，也可以采用其他方式将动触头3与动触头引弧片5(以及静触头10与静触头引弧片11)电连接并固定。
为了保证动触头3与动触头接线端子7之间有良好的导电性能，且动触头3能随触头支持12顺畅往复运动，根据该实施例，可以用软连接线6作为电流流经通路，软连接线6一端连接(例如焊接或铆接)在动触头接触板8一端上，另一端连接(例如焊接或铆接)在动触头接线端子7上。
触头支持12内部设有空腔，动触头3和静触头10可以放置在该空腔中，且空腔设置的导向槽能保障动触头3在触头支持12中沿着接近或远离静触头10的方向运动。动触头引弧片5、静触头引弧片11能够将动触头3、静触头10分断时产生的电弧分别引入左灭弧室2、右灭弧室9内进行灭弧。左灭弧室2和右灭弧室9在背离动触头3(或静触头10)的方向上分别设有排气开口。
图3示出了根据示例性实施例的动触头引弧片5的结构。动触头引 弧片5设有突起52和53，突起52和53可以与触头支持12中导向槽配合，使动触头引弧片5随着动触头3沿导向槽运动。动触头引弧片5还设置有配合结构54，用于与动触头3的外轮廓相配合。虽然图3所示的动触头引弧片5还包括折弯部分51，但在其他实施例中，动触头引弧片5可以整体上是平坦的。另外，虽然配合结构54在图3中为圆弧状，但这仅仅是示例性的；在动触头3具有其他形状时，配合结构可以具有与之互补的相应形状。动触头引弧片5可以使用导磁性材料来制造。
图4是图1所示实施例的俯视剖视图，图示了该实施例中与动触头相关联的灭弧结构。由图4可见，两个动触头引弧片5在第一方向(即图中的水平方向)上分别位于动触头3的相反两侧，且两动触头引弧片5未将动触头3完全环绕包围，即两个动触头引弧片5之间在与左右灭弧室2、9之间的连线大体上正交的方向上(即靠近触头支持12的位置处)留有缺口。由于动触头引弧片5固定在动触头3上形成一个整体，无论动、静触头接触位置在图4中的任意区域①、②、③、④，电弧都会向距离动触头引弧片5近(磁阻小)的方向运动并被引入灭弧室2、9内冷却、熄灭，从而减少了电弧在动、静触头上停留的时间。在动触头引弧片5采用导磁性材料的实施例中，动触头3与动触头引弧片5间磁阻比缺口处小的多，能够确保动、静触头分断时产生的电弧在安培力的作用下向磁阻小的动触头引弧片5运动。而且，设置动触头引弧片5之间的缺口位置能有效避免将电弧向触头支持12引导，减轻对触头支持12的烧损。通过设置两个动触头引弧片5，能够将电弧快速、有效的分别引入两侧的灭弧室2、9内冷却、熄灭。根据另一种实施例，两个动触头引弧片5之间的缺口可以设有其他材料，例如高磁阻材料或耐高温材料等。
参见图1和图2，静触头10左右两侧各设有一个静触头引弧片11，静触头引弧片11可以有与动触头引弧片5类似的结构。两个静触头引弧片11未将静触头10完全环绕包围，即两个静触头引弧片11之间在靠近触头支持12的位置处留有缺口。静触头引弧片11也可以使用导磁性材料来制造。静触头引弧片11上可以设置与动触头引弧片5上的突起52、53相对应的突起，也可以不设置。
图5更清楚地示出了图4所示实施例中的动触头3和动触头引弧片 5之间的位置关系，该位置关系也同样适用于静触头10和静触头引弧片11。如图5所示，当动触头3被放置在触头支持12的空腔中并随着触头支持12在导向槽内运动(沿着与纸面垂直的方向)时，动、静触头3、10闭合时的接触位置更加接近中心区域，即期望的设计位置范围。根据本申请的实施例，能够减小动静触头3、10的中心偏差，保证最大触头接触面积，降低接触电阻、温升、功耗。
图6以与图5类似的方式示出了一种比较示例，其中仅设有一片引弧片。图6所示的比较示例在动、静触头闭合时，与附图3中的实施例相比，其动、静触头接触区域更加发散，可能远离动、静触头中心位置。这可能导致动、静触头的中心偏差大，造成触头接触面积减小，使得接触接触电阻大，温升、功耗高。
图7和图8示出了根据本发明示例性实施例的接触器系统，该系统包括上述接触器100以及对接触器100的闭合和分断进行控制的控制装置。在图7和图8所示的实施例中，控制装置包括动铁心16、静铁心13、反力弹簧15和由外部通电/断电的控制线圈14。触头支持12连接到动铁心16。图7描述的是动触头3、静触头10处于自然状态(分断)时的工作状态。图8描述了动触头3与静触头10闭合时的工作状态。
接触器100的动触头3、静触头10都放置在触头支持12的空腔中。当控制线圈14未通电时，在反力弹簧15作用下，动铁心16与静铁心13之间存在一段距离，因而与动铁心16连接的触头支持12也使动触头3与静触头10之间保持一定的距离，此距离为接触器100的触头开距。
当控制线圈14通电时，在控制线圈14产生的激磁作用下，在动铁心16、静铁心13间产生电磁吸力，动铁心16克服反力弹簧15的反力向下运动，带动触头支持12下行，触头支持12带动动触头3向下运动，使动触头3与静触头10接触。此后，动铁心16继续带动触头支持12下行，动触头3在触头支持12的空腔中沿导向槽滑动，直到如图8所示动铁心16、静铁心13完全闭合为止。
由于动触头弹簧4在动触头3、静触头10接通后发生弹性变形，使得动触头3、静触头10之间产生一定的压力(终压力)和超行程。
通过以上过程，接触器100接通从静触头接线端子1至动触头接线端子7的电路，使电气设备(如：电动机等)实现通电运转的功能。
当控制线圈14失电时，控制线圈14的激磁消失，动铁心16、静铁心13间的电磁吸力消失，动铁心16在反力弹簧15作用下，推动触头支持12向上运动，动触头3在触头支持12的空腔中沿导向槽滑动，使得动触头3与静触头10分断。在触头支持12向上运动一定距离(触头开距)后，回到图7所示的分断状态。
通过以上过程，接触器100将从静触头接线端子1至动触头接线端子7的电路分断，使电气设备(如：电动机等)实现断电停止的功能。
当动触头3、静触头10分断时，可能产生电弧，该电弧通过动触头引弧片5、静触头引弧片11分别快速引入左灭弧室2、右灭弧室9中，进行冷却、熄灭。
针对接触器熄灭分断电弧的效果、电气寿命值，发明人研究了引弧片、灭弧室的各种结构组合，共进行6种灭弧方案验证，在大体相同的额定电压、电流、功率因数、频率下，进行电气寿命验证，其电气寿命值、灭弧效果的结果如下。
①根据如图1的实施例，接触器采用左右双侧引弧片双侧灭弧室，试验50万次以上，动触点3、静触点7表面轻微烧损。触头支持12轻微烧损，软连接线6、动触头接线端子7、静触头接线端子1无烧损。
②在图1的实施例中取消一侧的引弧片和灭弧室，仅保留单侧引弧片和单侧灭弧室，试验6万次，动触点3、静触点7表面烧损严重，无超行程。触头支持12、软连接线6、动触头接线端子7烧损、静触头接线端子1无烧损，不可继续使用。
③在图1的实施例中取消一侧的灭弧室，保留双侧引弧片和单侧灭弧室，试验4万次，动触点3、静触点7表面烧损严重、粘连，无超行程。软连接线6严重烧损、触头支持12、动触头接线端子7有烧损、静触头接线端子1无烧损，不可继续使用。
④在图1的实施例中取消全部两侧的灭弧室，仅保留双侧引弧片，试验1万次，动触点3、静触点7表面烧损严重、粘连，软连接线6烧损严重，触头支持12、动触头接线端子7、静触头接线端子1有烧损，不可继续使用。
⑤在图1的实施例中取消全部两侧的引弧片，仅保留双侧灭弧室，试验0.8万次，动触点3、静触点7表面烧损严重，磨损2/3以上，无 超行程，触头支持12、软连接线6烧损严重，动触头接线端子7、静触头接线端子1无烧损，不可继续使用。
⑥在图1的实施例中取消全部引弧片和灭弧室，试验0.5万次，动触点3、静触点7表面烧损严重、粘连，触头支持12、软连接线6烧损，动触头接线端子7、静触头接线端子1轻微烧损，不可继续使用。
从以上试验表明，采用左右双侧引弧片和双侧灭弧室，在电气寿命、灭弧效果方面具有极大的优势。
图9示出了根据示例性实施例，将包含接触器100的接触器系统容纳于外壳中所得产品的整体外观图。
根据本申请的实施例，接触器的动触头、静触头位于触头支持的空腔中，空腔随触头支持运动。与专利文献1的接触器相比，体积更小，节约材料，减少了制造成本。
根据本申请的实施例，接触器的动触头在触头支持的空腔内运动。与专利文献2的接触器相比，其运动轨迹更加精确，动、静触头闭合时，其接触位置更加接近理论设计的接触中心区域，减小动、静触头闭合时的中心偏差，保证最大触头接触面积，从而减小接触电阻，降低使用过程中接触温升，减少电能损耗。
此外，在接触器中，触头支持和触头通常被设计成间隙配合。由于使用过程的磨损(不可避免)，使得此间隙会随着动作次数的增加而变大，再加上重力及反力弹簧等因素影响，导致动、静触头闭合时，接触位置可能产生不确定性，即动、静触头分断过程产生起始电弧的弧根位置、电弧运动方向的不确定。
根据本申请的实施例，接触器采用了双侧引弧片(动触头引弧片、静触头引弧片)，动触头引弧片位于动触头左右两侧各一片，且两动触头引弧片未将动触头完全环绕包围，即在靠近触头支持两侧留有缺口，动触头引弧片与动触头形成一个整体结构；静触头引弧片位于静触头左右两侧各一片，且两静触头引弧片未将静触头完全环绕包围，即在靠近触头支持两侧留有缺口，静触头引弧片与静触头形成一个整体结构。与专利文献3的继电器相比，能够确保动触头与静触头分断时产生的电弧的能量快速、有效的进入灭弧室内冷却、熄灭。
根据本申请的示例性实施例，引弧片采用了导磁性材料，使得动、 静触头与引弧片间磁阻比缺口处小的多(在一种实施例中，仿真值表明二者相差3000倍以上)。当动、静触头分断产生电弧时，在安培力的作用下，电弧向磁阻小的引弧片运动，将其引向引弧片方向，减少电弧在动、静触头上停留的时间，设置引弧片的缺口位置能有效避免电弧向触头支持的引导，减轻对触头支持烧损，且双侧引弧结构对应双侧灭弧室(左灭弧室、右灭弧室)的结构，通过引弧片将电弧快速、有效的引入灭弧室内冷却、熄灭。
本申请的一种示例性实施例提供了接触器100的制造方法。该方法可以包括步骤S1-S4。
在步骤S1，将动触头3与两个动触头引弧片5固定在一起形成动触头本体。其中，两个动触头引弧片5分别位于动触头3左右两侧，且不将动触头3完全环绕包围，即动触头引弧片5在靠近触头支持12的位置处留有缺口。例如，可以将动触头引弧片5固定在动触头接触板8上，并将动触头接触板8与动触头3固定。可以通过软连接线6将动触头接触板8和动触头接线端子7连接在一起。
在步骤S2，将静触头10与两个静触头引弧片11固定在一起形成静触头本体。其中，两个静触头引弧片11分别位于静触头10左右两侧，且不将静触头10完全环绕包围，即静触头引弧片11在靠近触头支持12的位置处留有缺口。例如，可以将静触头引弧片11固定在静触头接线端子1上，并将静触头接线端子1与静触头10固定。
在步骤S3，将动触头本体和静触头本体分别装入触头支持12的空腔中，并使动触头本体和静触头本体之间保持预定距离(触头开距)。
在步骤S4，将左灭弧室2、右灭弧室9分别固定在动、静触头本体的相反两侧并与动引弧片5、静引弧片11保持预定间距。
通过以上方法，可以制造图1的实施例所示的接触器100。应当注意，上述各个步骤不一定要按照所描述的先后次序来进行，部分步骤(例如步骤S1和S2)的顺序可以颠倒，或者可以并行地执行。
以上所述的具体实施例，对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步的详细说明，所应理解的是，以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种接触器，包括：
    静触头(10)；
    动触头(3)，能够沿着相对于所述静触头(10)接近或远离的方向运动；
    两个动触头引弧片(5)，在第一方向上分别位于所述动触头(3)的相反两侧，并且固定到且电连接到所述动触头(3)；
    两个静触头引弧片(11)，在所述第一方向上分别位于所述静触头(10)的相反两侧，并且固定到且电连接到所述静触头(10)；以及
    两个灭弧室(2、9)，在所述第一方向上布置在从所述动触头(3)分别经过所述两个动触头引弧片(5)延伸的延长线上，
    其中，所述两个动触头引弧片(5)对所述动触头(3)形成不完整的包围，所述不完整的包围在与所述第一方向大致正交的方向上具有缺口。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的接触器，还包括触头支持(12)，所述触头支持(12)内部设有空腔，所述动触头(3)和所述静触头(10)布置在所述空腔中。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的接触器，其中，所述空腔设有使动触头(3)能沿相对于所述静触头(10)接近或远离的方向运动的导向槽。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的接触器，其中，所述动触头引弧片(5)设置有突起，该突起与所述导向槽配合，使得动触头(3)能沿导向槽运动。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的接触器，其中，所述动触头引弧片(5)和/或所述静触头引弧片(11)由导磁性材料制成。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的接触器，其中，所述动触头引弧片(5)设有配合结构(54)，用于与动触头(3)的外轮廓相配合。
  7. 一种接触器，包括：
    静触头(10)；
    动触头(3)，能够沿着相对于所述静触头(10)接近或远离的方向运动；
    两个动触头引弧片(5)，在第一方向上分别位于所述动触头(3)的相反两侧，并且固定到且电连接到所述动触头(3)；
    两个静触头引弧片(11)，在所述第一方向上分别位于所述静触头(10)的相反两侧，并且固定到且电连接到所述静触头(10)；
    两个灭弧室(2、9)，在所述第一方向上布置在从所述动触头(3)分别经过所述两个动触头引弧片(5)延伸的延长线上；以及
    触头支持(12)，所述触头支持(12)内部设有空腔，所述动触头(3)和所述静触头(10)布置在所述空腔中。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的接触器，其中，
    所述空腔设有使动触头(3)能沿相对于所述静触头(10)接近或远离的方向运动的导向槽；
    所述动触头引弧片(5)设置有突起，该突起与所述导向槽配合，使得动触头(3)能沿导向槽运动。
  9. 一种接触器系统，包括：
    如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的接触器；以及
    控制装置，用于对所述接触器的闭合和分断进行控制。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的接触器系统，其中，所述控制装置包括：
    动铁心(16)，连接到所述触头支持(12)；
    静铁心(13)；
    控制线圈(14)，用于由所述接触器系统外部进行通电/断电控制；以及
    反力弹簧(15)，
    其中，在所述控制线圈(14)未通电时，所述反力弹簧(15)使所述动铁心(16)与所述静铁心(13)之间保持距离，而在所述控制线圈(14)被通电时，所述动铁心(16)与所述静铁心(13)接触。
PCT/CN2015/099753 2015-05-05 2015-12-30 接触器和接触器系统 WO2016177009A1 (zh)

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BR112017022474-7A BR112017022474A2 (zh) 2015-05-05 2015-12-30 Contactors and contactor system
CA2984973A CA2984973A1 (en) 2015-05-05 2015-12-30 Contactor and contactor system
US15/571,170 US10453629B2 (en) 2015-05-05 2015-12-30 Contactor and contactor system
AU2015393750A AU2015393750A1 (en) 2015-05-05 2015-12-30 Contactor and contactor system
SG11201709032QA SG11201709032QA (en) 2015-05-05 2015-12-30 Contactor and contactor system
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