WO2016038914A1 - 銀コート銅粉及びそれを用いた導電性ペースト、導電性塗料、導電性シート - Google Patents
銀コート銅粉及びそれを用いた導電性ペースト、導電性塗料、導電性シート Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016038914A1 WO2016038914A1 PCT/JP2015/059485 JP2015059485W WO2016038914A1 WO 2016038914 A1 WO2016038914 A1 WO 2016038914A1 JP 2015059485 W JP2015059485 W JP 2015059485W WO 2016038914 A1 WO2016038914 A1 WO 2016038914A1
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- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/32—Radiation-absorbing paints
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- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
- B22F1/052—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles characterised by a mixture of particles of different sizes or by the particle size distribution
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- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
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- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
- B22F1/068—Flake-like particles
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- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
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- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/103—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material containing an organic binding agent comprising a mixture of, or obtained by reaction of, two or more components other than a solvent or a lubricating agent
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- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/17—Metallic particles coated with metal
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- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/02—Compounds of alkaline earth metals or magnesium
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- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/66—Copper alloys, e.g. bronze
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- C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
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- C09D201/00—Coating compositions based on unspecified macromolecular compounds
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- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/24—Electrically-conducting paints
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- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/66—Additives characterised by particle size
- C09D7/69—Particle size larger than 1000 nm
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- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/70—Additives characterised by shape, e.g. fibres, flakes or microspheres
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/31—Coating with metals
- C23C18/42—Coating with noble metals
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- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C5/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metal powders or porous metal masses
- C25C5/02—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metal powders or porous metal masses from solutions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
- H01B1/026—Alloys based on copper
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/22—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
- H05K9/0073—Shielding materials
- H05K9/0081—Electromagnetic shielding materials, e.g. EMI, RFI shielding
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- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/10—Copper
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- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/25—Noble metals, i.e. Ag Au, Ir, Os, Pd, Pt, Rh, Ru
- B22F2301/255—Silver or gold
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- B22F2302/00—Metal Compound, non-Metallic compound or non-metal composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2302/45—Others, including non-metals
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- B22F2304/00—Physical aspects of the powder
- B22F2304/10—Micron size particles, i.e. above 1 micrometer up to 500 micrometer
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
- B22F9/18—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds
- B22F9/24—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a copper powder (silver coated copper powder) having a surface coated with silver, and more specifically, a dendritic copper powder having a main trunk and a plurality of branches branched from the main trunk.
- a dendritic silver-coated copper powder in which silver is coated on the surface of a copper powder composed of flat copper particles having a predetermined cross-sectional thickness, and the conductivity can be improved by using it as a material such as a conductive paste. It relates to a new dendritic silver-coated copper powder.
- a conductive film that becomes a wiring layer, an electrode, or the like can be formed by applying or printing a metal filler paste of silver or silver-coated copper on various substrates and then heat-curing or baking.
- a resin-type conductive paste is composed of a metal filler, a resin, a curing agent, a solvent, etc., printed on a conductor circuit pattern or terminal, and heat-cured at 100 ° C. to 200 ° C. to form a conductive film. And forming electrodes.
- the resin-type conductive paste since the thermosetting resin is cured and contracted by heat, the metal filler is pressed and brought into contact with each other, so that the metal fillers are overlapped to form an electrically connected current path. Since this resin-type conductive paste is processed at a curing temperature of 200 ° C. or lower, it is used for a substrate using a heat-sensitive material such as a printed wiring board.
- the fired conductive paste is made of a metal filler, glass, solvent, etc., printed on a conductor circuit pattern or terminal, and heated and fired at 600 ° C. to 800 ° C. to form a conductive film. Form.
- the fired conductive paste is processed at a high temperature to sinter the metal fillers to ensure conductivity. Since this fired conductive paste is processed at such a high firing temperature, it cannot be used for a printed wiring board using a resin material, but the metal filler is sintered by high temperature processing. Low resistance can be realized. Therefore, the fired conductive paste is used for an external electrode of a multilayer ceramic capacitor.
- electromagnetic wave shields are used to prevent the generation of electromagnetic noise from electronic equipment.
- personal computers and mobile phone cases have been made of resin, so that the case is made conductive.
- Proposal of a method to form a thin metal film by vapor deposition or sputtering, a method of applying a conductive paint, a method of shielding an electromagnetic wave by attaching a conductive sheet to the required location, etc. has been.
- the method of applying the metal filler dispersed in the resin and the method of dispersing the metal filler in the resin and processing it into a sheet and sticking it to the housing require special equipment in the processing process. It is often used as a method with excellent flexibility.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a method for obtaining a flaky copper powder suitable for a filler of a conductive paste. Specifically, a spherical copper powder having an average particle size of 0.5 to 10 ⁇ m is used as a raw material and is processed into a plate shape mechanically by a mechanical energy of a medium loaded in the mill using a ball mill or a vibration mill. is there.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a technique relating to a copper powder for conductive paste, more specifically, a disk-shaped copper powder having high performance as a copper paste for through holes and external electrodes, and a method for producing the same. Specifically, the granular atomized copper powder is put into a medium agitating mill, and a steel ball having a diameter of 1/8 to 1/4 inch is used as a grinding medium. 1% is added and processed into a flat plate shape by grinding in air or in an inert atmosphere.
- silver powder is often used, but from the trend of cost reduction, it is possible to coat silver on the surface of copper powder that is cheaper than silver powder. There is a tendency to use silver-coated copper powder in which the amount of silver used is reduced.
- a method of coating silver on the surface of copper powder there are a method of coating silver on the copper surface by a substitution reaction and a method of coating silver in an electroless plating solution containing a reducing agent.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a manufacturing method in which a silver film is formed on a copper surface by a substitution reaction between copper and silver ions by introducing copper powder into a solution containing silver ions.
- the method based on this substitution reaction has a problem in that when a silver film is formed on the copper surface, further dissolution of copper does not proceed, so that the silver coating amount cannot be controlled.
- Patent Document 5 proposes a method for producing copper powder coated with silver by a reaction between copper powder and silver nitrate in a solution in which a reducing agent is dissolved.
- dendritic shape electrolytic copper powder deposited in dendritic shape called dendritic shape is known, and since the shape is dendritic, it is characterized by a large surface area. Due to the dendritic shape as described above, when this is used for a conductive film or the like, the dendritic branches are overlapped with each other, conduction is easy, and the number of contact points between particles is larger than that of spherical particles. Therefore, there is an advantage that the amount of conductive filler such as conductive paste can be reduced.
- Patent Documents 6 and 7 propose a silver-coated copper powder in which silver is coated on a dendrite-like copper powder surface.
- Patent Documents 6 and 7 disclose a dendrite characterized by long branches branched from the main axis as further grown in a dendrite shape, and the silver-coated copper powder is more granular than conventional dendrites.
- the conductivity is improved, and when used in a conductive paste or the like, the conductivity can be increased even if the amount of conductive powder is reduced.
- the dendritic copper powder as described above when used as a metal filler such as a conductive paste or a resin for electromagnetic wave shielding, the dendritic copper powder has a shape in which the metal filler in the resin has developed into a dendritic shape. They are entangled with each other and agglomerate occurs, which causes a problem that they are not uniformly dispersed in the resin, and the viscosity of the paste increases due to agglomeration, resulting in problems in wiring formation by printing. Such a problem is pointed out in Patent Document 9, for example.
- the dendritic copper powder As described above, it is not easy to use the dendritic copper powder as a metal filler such as a conductive paste, and the improvement of the conductivity of the paste has been difficult.
- JP 2003-258490 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-200734 JP 2002-15622 A JP 2000-248303 A JP 2006-161081 A JP 2013-89576 A JP 2013-100592 A Japanese Patent No. 46976643 JP 2011-58027 A
- a dendritic shape having a three-dimensional shape is easier to secure a contact than a granular one, and high conductivity can be expected as a conductive paste or electromagnetic wave shield.
- the conventional silver-coated copper powder having a dendrite-like shape is a dendrite characterized by a long branch branched from the main axis, and has a long and narrow branch-like shape. And the structure is simple, and it is not an ideal shape as a shape that effectively secures a contact point using less silver-coated copper powder.
- the present invention has been proposed in view of such circumstances and prevents aggregation while increasing the number of contacts when the dendritic copper powders coated with silver are in contact with each other to ensure excellent conductivity.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a dendritic silver-coated copper powder that can be suitably used for applications such as conductive pastes and electromagnetic wave shields.
- the present inventors have a dendritic shape having a main trunk that grows linearly and a plurality of branches separated from the main trunk, and the main trunk and the branch have a flat plate shape having a predetermined cross-sectional thickness and have silver on the surface.
- a dendritic silver-coated copper powder composed of copper particles coated with a conductive paste, etc., because the average particle diameter is in a specific range, and can be uniformly mixed with a resin, etc.
- the present invention has been completed by finding that it can be suitably used for the following applications. That is, the present invention provides the following.
- a first invention according to the present invention has a dendritic shape having a main trunk that grows linearly and a plurality of branches separated from the main trunk, and the main trunk and the branch have a cross-sectional average thickness. It is composed of copper particles with a surface of 0.2 ⁇ m to 1.0 ⁇ m and silver coated on the surface, and the average particle diameter (D50) measured by laser diffraction scattering type particle size distribution measurement method is 5.0 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m. It is a dendritic silver-coated copper powder characterized by
- 2nd invention which concerns on this invention is the said 1st invention.
- WHEREIN The cross-sectional average thickness of the said copper particle
- the silver coating amount is 1% by mass to 100% by mass of the total silver-coated copper powder coated with silver. It is dendritic silver coat copper powder which is 50 mass%.
- a fourth invention according to the present invention in the first to third any one of the, BET specific surface area of a 0.2m 2 /g ⁇ 3.0m 2 / g dendrites Silver-coated copper powder.
- the fifth aspect of the present invention is the method according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the crystallite diameter at the Miller index of the (111) plane by X-ray diffraction is in the range of 800 to 2000 mm.
- 6th invention which concerns on this invention is a metal filler which contains the dendritic silver coat
- the seventh invention according to the present invention is a metal filler comprising spherical copper powder having an average particle diameter (D50) of 0.5 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m in the sixth invention.
- the spherical copper powder is a spherical silver-coated copper powder whose surface is coated with silver, and the spherical silver-coated copper powder Is a metal filler having a silver coating amount of 1% by mass to 50% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the silver-coated spherical silver-coated copper powder.
- the ninth invention according to the present invention is a conductive paste obtained by mixing a metal filler according to any of the sixth to eighth inventions with a resin.
- the tenth invention according to the present invention is a conductive paint for electromagnetic wave shielding using the metal filler according to any of the sixth to eighth inventions.
- the eleventh aspect of the present invention is an electromagnetic wave shielding conductive sheet using the metal filler according to any one of the sixth to eighth aspects.
- the dendritic silver-coated copper powder according to the present invention has a dendritic shape having a main trunk that grows linearly and a plurality of branches separated from the main trunk, and the main trunk and the branches have a predetermined cross-sectional thickness.
- a dendritic silver-coated copper powder in which silver is coated on the surface of a copper powder made of flat copper particles, and the average particle diameter is in a specific range.
- this embodiment specific embodiments of the silver-coated copper powder according to the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “this embodiment”) will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
- this invention is not limited to the following embodiment, A various change is possible in the range which does not change the summary of this invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a specific shape of the silver-coated copper powder according to the present embodiment.
- the silver-coated copper powder 1 is a two-dimensional or three-dimensional tree branch having a main trunk 2 grown linearly and a plurality of branches 3 separated from the main trunk 2.
- the silver-coated copper powder according to the present embodiment is also referred to as “dendritic silver-coated copper powder”.
- This dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1 is a flat plate having an average cross-sectional thickness of 0.2 ⁇ m to 1.0 ⁇ m and is composed of copper particles coated with silver on the surface.
- Laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measurement The average particle size (D50) measured by the method is 5.0 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m.
- the silver coating amount of the dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1 is 1% by mass to 50% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total silver-coated copper powder coated with silver.
- the thickness (coating thickness) is an extremely thin film of 0.1 ⁇ m or less. Therefore, the dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1 has a shape that retains the shape of the dendritic copper powder before silver coating. Therefore, both the shape of the dendritic copper powder before coating silver and the shape of the dendritic silver-coated copper powder after coating silver on the copper powder are two-dimensional as shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. Or it has a dendritic shape which is a three-dimensional form.
- the dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1 includes a dendritic silver coat having a main trunk 2 that grows linearly and a plurality of branches 3 that are linearly separated from the main trunk 2.
- the copper particles that are copper powder and constitute the main trunk 2 and the branch 3 branched from the main trunk 2 have a flat plate shape with a cross-sectional average thickness of 0.2 ⁇ m to 1.0 ⁇ m.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1 composed of such flat copper particles is 5.0 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m.
- the branch 3 in the dendritic silver coat copper powder 1 means both the branch 3a branched from the main trunk 2 and the branch 3b further branched from the branch 3a.
- the dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1 is described in detail later.
- the dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1 is deposited on the cathode by immersing the anode and the cathode in a sulfuric acid acidic electrolyte containing copper ions and flowing a direct current to perform electrolysis. It can be obtained by covering the surface of the obtained dendritic copper powder with silver by a reduction type electroless plating method or a substitution type electroless plating method.
- FIG. 2 is a photograph showing an example of an observation image when the dendritic copper powder before coating with silver according to the present embodiment is observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- FIG. 2 observes dendritic copper powder at a magnification of 5,000 times.
- FIG. 3 is a photograph figure which shows an example of the observation image when it observes by SEM about the dendritic silver coat copper powder which coat
- FIG. 3 shows the dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1 observed at a magnification of 10,000 times.
- FIG. 4 is a photograph figure which shows an example of an observation image when observing the dendritic silver coat copper powder which coat
- FIG. 4 shows the dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1 observed at a magnification of 1,000 times.
- the dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1 is a two-dimensional or three-dimensional tree branch having a main trunk 2 and branches 3 (3a, 3b) branched from the main trunk 2 as shown in the observation images of FIGS. The shape is formed.
- the flat copper particles constituting the main trunk 2 and the branch 3 have an average cross-sectional thickness of 0.2 ⁇ m to 1.0 ⁇ m.
- the main trunk 2 and the branch 3 are constituted by flat copper particles having a cross-sectional average thickness of 1.0 ⁇ m or less, so that the silver-coated copper particles or the dendritic silver-coated copper powders 1 are in contact with each other. A large area can be secured, and the contact area is increased, so that low resistance, that is, high conductivity can be realized.
- the dendritic silver coat copper powder 1 is comprised by the fine copper particle by which the flat silver coat was carried out.
- the lower limit value of the average cross-sectional thickness of the copper particles is preferably 0.2 ⁇ m or more, which can increase the number of contacts.
- the average particle diameter (D50) is 5.0 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m.
- an average particle diameter (D50) can be measured by the laser diffraction scattering type particle size distribution measuring method, for example.
- the metal filler in the resin is When the shape is developed in a dendritic shape, the dendritic copper powders are entangled with each other to cause agglomeration, which may not be uniformly dispersed in the resin. In addition, the agglomeration increases the viscosity of the paste and causes problems in wiring formation by printing. This occurs because the shape of the dendritic copper powder is large, and in order to solve this problem while effectively utilizing the dendritic shape, it is necessary to reduce the shape of the dendritic copper powder. It becomes.
- the effect of being in a dendritic shape that is, a three-dimensional shape, has a large surface area and excellent moldability and sinterability, and can be molded with high strength by being firmly connected via a branch-like portion.
- the dendritic copper powder is larger than a predetermined size.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1 is 5.0 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m, the surface area is increased, and good moldability and sinterability can be ensured.
- the dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1 according to the present embodiment has a dendritic shape in addition to the dendritic shape, and the main trunk 2 and the branch 3 are composed of flat copper particles. More contact points between the dendritic silver-coated copper powders 1 can be ensured by the three-dimensional effect of being in the shape and the effect that the copper particles constituting the dendritic shape are flat.
- the dendritic silver coat copper powder 1 is not specifically limited, the ratio (D50) which remove
- the average cross-sectional thickness / average particle diameter is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 0.1.
- the ratio (aspect ratio) represented by “average cross-sectional thickness / average particle diameter” is, for example, the degree of aggregation and dispersibility when processed as a conductive copper paste (conductive paste), and the copper paste It becomes an index such as retainability of the external shape at the time of application.
- this aspect ratio When this aspect ratio is less than 0.01, it approximates to a copper powder composed of spherical copper particles, and aggregation tends to occur, making it difficult to uniformly disperse the resin in the paste. On the other hand, if the aspect ratio exceeds 0.1, the viscosity increases during paste formation, and the external shape retainability and surface smoothness during application of the copper paste may deteriorate.
- the bulk density of the dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1 is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 0.5 g / cm 3 to 5.0 g / cm 3 . If the bulk density is less than 0.5 g / cm 3 , there is a possibility that sufficient contact between the dendritic silver-coated copper powders 1 cannot be secured. On the other hand, when the bulk density exceeds 5.0 g / cm 3 , the average particle diameter of the dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1 is also increased, the surface area is decreased, and the moldability and sinterability may be deteriorated.
- the dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1 is not particularly limited, but the crystallite diameter is preferably in the range of 800 ⁇ (angstrom) to 2000 ⁇ .
- the crystallite diameter is less than 800 mm, the copper particles constituting the main trunk 2 and the branch 3 tend to have a shape close to a spherical shape instead of a flat plate shape, and it becomes difficult to ensure a sufficiently large contact area. May be reduced.
- the crystallite diameter exceeds 2000 mm, the average particle diameter of the dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1 also increases, the surface area decreases, and the moldability and sinterability may deteriorate.
- the crystallite diameter here is obtained from a diffraction pattern obtained by an X-ray diffraction measurement device based on Scherrer's calculation formula shown by the following formula (1), and is based on the (111) plane by X-ray diffraction. This is the crystallite diameter in the Miller index.
- D 0.9 ⁇ / ⁇ cos ⁇ Formula (1) (D: crystallite diameter ( ⁇ ), ⁇ : diffraction peak spread (rad) depending on crystallite size, ⁇ : X-ray wavelength [CuK ⁇ ] ( ⁇ ), ⁇ : diffraction angle (°). .)
- the dendritic silver coat copper powder of the shape as mentioned above is occupied in a predetermined ratio in the obtained copper powder when observed with an electron microscope, the silver coat copper of other shapes Even if the powder is mixed, the same effect as the copper powder consisting only of the dendritic silver-coated copper powder can be obtained.
- the dendritic silver-coated copper powder having the shape described above is 50% by number or more, preferably 80% by number of the total copper powder. As long as it occupies a ratio of 90% by number or more, more preferably, silver-coated copper powder of other shapes may be included.
- the dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1 is a flat plate having a cross-sectional average thickness of 0.2 ⁇ m to 1.0 ⁇ m, and the dendritic silver particles are coated with silver particles coated with silver on the surface. It is comprised in the shape. Below, the silver coating
- the dendritic copper powder before silver coating is preferably 1% by mass to 50% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total silver-coated copper powder coated with silver. It is coated with silver, and is a very thin film having a silver thickness (coating thickness) of 0.1 ⁇ m or less. From this, the dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1 has a shape that retains the shape of the dendritic copper powder before silver coating.
- the silver coating amount in the dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1 is preferably in the range of 1% by mass to 50% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total silver-coated copper powder coated with silver.
- the silver coating amount is preferably as small as possible from the viewpoint of cost. However, if the coating amount is too small, a uniform silver film cannot be secured on the copper surface, causing a decrease in conductivity. Therefore, the coating amount of silver is preferably 1% by mass or more, more preferably 2% by mass or more, more preferably 5% by mass or more with respect to 100% by mass of the total silver-coated copper powder coated with silver. More preferably.
- the silver coating amount is preferably 50% by mass or less, more preferably 20% by mass or less, and more preferably 10% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total silver-coated copper powder coated with silver. More preferably, it is% or less.
- the average thickness of silver coated on the surface of the dendritic copper powder is about 0.001 ⁇ m to 0.1 ⁇ m, and 0.02 ⁇ m to 0.00. More preferably, it is 03 ⁇ m. If the silver coating thickness is less than 0.001 ⁇ m on average, a uniform silver coating cannot be ensured, which causes a decrease in conductivity. On the other hand, when the silver coating thickness exceeds 0.1 ⁇ m on average, it is not preferable from the viewpoint of cost.
- the average thickness of the silver coated on the surface of the dendritic copper powder is about 0.001 ⁇ m to 0.1 ⁇ m, which is extremely smaller than the cross-sectional average thickness of the flat copper particles constituting the dendritic copper powder. . Therefore, before and after the surface of the dendritic copper powder is coated with silver, the cross-sectional average thickness of the tabular copper particles does not substantially change.
- the dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1 according to the present embodiment is not particularly limited, it is preferable the value of the BET specific surface area of 0.2m 2 /g ⁇ 3.0m 2 / g.
- the BET specific surface area value is less than 0.2 m 2 / g, the fine copper particles coated with silver may not have the desired shape as described above, and high conductivity may not be obtained.
- the BET specific surface area value exceeds 3.0 m 2 / g, the silver coating on the surface of the dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1 becomes non-uniform and high conductivity may not be obtained.
- the fine copper particle which comprises the silver coat copper powder 1 may become too fine, the silver coat copper powder 1 may be in a fine whisker-like state, and the conductivity may decrease.
- the BET specific surface area can be measured in accordance with JIS Z8830: 2013.
- the dendritic copper powder before being coated with silver can be produced, for example, by a predetermined electrolytic method using a sulfuric acid acidic solution containing copper ions as an electrolytic solution.
- the above-described sulfuric acid-containing electrolytic solution containing copper ions is accommodated in an electrolytic cell in which metallic copper is used as an anode (anode) and a stainless steel plate or a titanium plate is used as a cathode (cathode).
- the electrolytic solution is subjected to electrolytic treatment by applying a direct current at a predetermined current density.
- a dendritic copper powder can be deposited (electrodeposition) on a cathode with electricity supply.
- the fine copper particles in the form of a plate are gathered only by the electrolysis without mechanically deforming the granular copper powder obtained by electrolysis using a medium such as a ball.
- the dendritic copper powder having a dendritic shape can be deposited on the cathode surface.
- the electrolytic solution for example, a solution containing a water-soluble copper salt, sulfuric acid, an additive such as an amine compound, and chloride ions can be used.
- the water-soluble copper salt is a copper ion source that supplies copper ions, and examples thereof include copper sulfate such as copper sulfate pentahydrate, copper chloride, and copper nitrate, but are not particularly limited.
- the copper ion concentration in the electrolytic solution can be about 1 g / L to 20 g / L, preferably about 5 g / L to 10 g / L.
- Sulfuric acid is for making sulfuric acid electrolyte.
- concentration of sulfuric acid in the electrolytic solution can be about 20 g / L to 300 g / L, preferably about 50 g / L to 150 g / L, as the free sulfuric acid concentration. Since the sulfuric acid concentration affects the conductivity of the electrolyte, it affects the uniformity of the copper powder obtained on the cathode.
- an amine compound can be used as the additive.
- the amine compound contributes to shape control of the copper powder to be deposited together with chloride ions to be described later, and the copper powder to be deposited on the cathode surface is composed of flat copper particles having a predetermined cross-sectional thickness; A dendritic copper powder having branches branched from the main trunk can be obtained.
- amine compound For example, a safranine etc. can be used.
- amine compound you may add individually by 1 type and may add it in combination of 2 or more types.
- the addition amount of the amine compounds is preferably such that the concentration in the electrolytic solution is in the range of about 0.1 mg / L to 500 mg / L.
- chloride ions compounds that supply chloride ions such as hydrochloric acid and sodium chloride (chloride ion source) can be added to the electrolyte solution.
- a chloride ion contributes to shape control of the copper powder to precipitate with additives, such as an amine compound mentioned above.
- the chloride ion concentration in the electrolytic solution can be about 30 mg / L to 1000 mg / L, preferably about 50 mg / L to 800 mg / L, more preferably about 100 mg / L to 300 mg / L.
- the dendritic copper powder is produced by depositing on the cathode by electrolysis using the electrolytic solution having the composition described above.
- the electrolysis method a known method can be used.
- the current density is preferably in the range of 5 A / dm 2 to 30 A / dm 2 in electrolysis using a sulfuric acid electrolytic solution, and the electrolytic solution is energized while stirring.
- the liquid temperature (bath temperature) of the electrolytic solution can be, for example, about 20 ° C. to 60 ° C.
- the dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1 according to the present embodiment is prepared by applying silver on the surface of the dendritic copper powder prepared by the above-described electrolytic method using, for example, a reduction type electroless plating method or a substitution type electroless plating method. It can be manufactured by coating.
- the dendritic copper powder is dispersed in a cleaning solution and washed with stirring. it can.
- This washing treatment is preferably carried out in an acidic solution, more preferably a polyvalent carboxylic acid that is also used for a reducing agent described later.
- filtration and separation of the dendritic copper powder and washing with water are repeated as appropriate to obtain a water slurry in which the dendritic copper powder is dispersed in water.
- what is necessary is just to use a well-known method about filtration, isolation
- the surface of the dendritic copper powder is obtained by adding a reducing agent and a silver ion solution to the water slurry obtained after washing the dendritic copper powder.
- a reducing agent to the water slurry in advance and dispersing it
- the silver ion solution is continuously added to the water slurry containing the reducing agent and the dendritic copper powder, thereby adding to the surface of the dendritic copper powder.
- Silver can be coated more uniformly.
- the reducing agent various reducing agents can be used, but it is preferable that the reducing agent has a low reducing power and cannot reduce copper complex ions.
- a reducing organic compound can be used.
- carbohydrates, polyvalent carboxylic acids and salts thereof, aldehydes, and the like can be used. More specifically, glucose (glucose), lactic acid, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, malonic acid, glycolic acid, sodium potassium tartrate, formalin and the like can be mentioned.
- the reducing agent After adding the reducing agent to the water slurry containing the dendritic copper powder, it is preferable to perform stirring or the like in order to sufficiently disperse the reducing agent. Moreover, in order to adjust a water slurry to desired pH, an acid or an alkali can be added suitably. Further, the dispersion of the reducing organic compound as the reducing agent may be promoted by adding a water-soluble organic solvent such as alcohol.
- a known silver plating solution can be used, and among these, a silver nitrate solution is preferably used.
- the silver nitrate solution is more preferably added as an ammoniacal silver nitrate solution because complex formation is easy.
- the ammonia used to make the ammoniacal silver nitrate solution can be added to the silver nitrate solution, previously added to the water slurry together with a reducing agent, or added to the water slurry at the same time as an ammonia solution separate from the silver nitrate solution. Or any method including a combination thereof.
- the silver ion solution when added to the water slurry containing the dendritic copper powder and the reducing agent, it is preferable to gradually add the silver ion solution at a relatively slow rate. It can be formed on the surface of copper powder. Moreover, in order to improve the uniformity of the thickness of the coating, it is more preferable to keep the addition rate constant. Further, a reducing agent or the like previously added to the water slurry may be adjusted with another solution and gradually added together with the silver ion solution.
- the water slurry to which the silver ion solution or the like has been added is filtered, separated, washed with water, and then dried to obtain a dendritic silver-coated copper powder.
- the processing means after the filtration is not particularly limited, and a known method may be used.
- the silver coating method using the substitutional electroless plating method utilizes the difference in ionization tendency between copper and silver, and the silver ions in the solution are converted by the electrons generated when copper is dissolved in the solution. It is reduced and deposited on the copper surface. Therefore, the substitutional electroless silver plating solution can be coated with silver as a silver ion source, a complexing agent, and a conductive salt as main components. In order to do so, surfactants, brighteners, crystal modifiers, pH adjusters, precipitation inhibitors, stabilizers and the like can be added as necessary. Even in the production of the silver-coated copper powder according to the present embodiment, the plating solution is not particularly limited.
- the silver salt silver nitrate, silver iodide, silver sulfate, silver formate, silver acetate, silver lactate or the like can be used, and can be reacted with the dendritic copper powder dispersed in the water slurry.
- the silver ion concentration in the plating solution can be about 1 g / L to 10 g / L.
- the complexing agent forms a complex with silver ions
- representative examples include citric acid, tartaric acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, ethylenediamine, glycine, hydantoin, pyrrolidone, succinimide and the like.
- N-containing compounds, hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid, aminotrimethylenephosphonic acid, mercaptopropionic acid, thioglycol, thiosemicarbazide and the like can be used.
- the concentration of the complexing agent in the plating solution can be about 10 g / L to 100 g / L.
- the conductive salt inorganic acids such as nitric acid, boric acid and phosphoric acid, organic acids such as citric acid, maleic acid, tartaric acid and phthalic acid, or sodium, potassium and ammonium salts thereof can be used.
- concentration of the conductive salt in the plating solution can be about 5 g / L to 50 g / L.
- the control of the coating amount when the surface of the dendritic copper powder is coated with silver can be controlled by changing the amount of silver in the substitutional electroless plating solution, for example. Moreover, in order to improve the uniformity of the thickness of the coating, it is preferable to keep the addition rate constant.
- the slurry after the reaction is filtered, separated, washed with water, and then dried to obtain a dendritic silver-coated copper powder.
- the processing means after the filtration is not particularly limited, and a known method may be used.
- the dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1 has a dendritic shape having a main trunk linearly grown and a plurality of branches branched from the main trunk, and has an average cross-sectional thickness. It is composed of 0.2 to 1.0 ⁇ m-coated silver-coated tabular fine copper particles and has an average particle diameter (D50) of 5.0 to 30 ⁇ m.
- D50 average particle diameter
- the dendritic shape increases the surface area, the moldability and the sinterability are excellent, and the main trunk and branches have predetermined flat copper particles. As a result, it is possible to secure a large number of contacts and to exhibit excellent conductivity.
- the dendritic silver coat copper powder 1 which has such a predetermined structure, even when it is a copper paste etc., aggregation can be suppressed and it can disperse
- the conductive paste (copper paste) is not limited to use under particularly limited conditions, and the dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1 according to the present embodiment is a metal filler, a binder resin, a solvent, Furthermore, it can be produced by kneading with additives such as a curing agent, an antioxidant, a coupling agent, and a corrosion inhibitor, if necessary.
- the binder resin is not particularly limited, and those conventionally used can be used.
- an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, an unsaturated polyester resin, or the like can be used.
- the solvent conventionally used organic solvents such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, glycerin, terpineol, ethyl carbitol, carbitol acetate, and butyl cellosolve can be used.
- the amount of the organic solvent added is not particularly limited, but is adjusted in consideration of the particle size of the dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1 so that the viscosity is suitable for a conductive film forming method such as screen printing or dispenser. be able to.
- resin components can be added to adjust the viscosity.
- a cellulose-based resin typified by ethyl cellulose can be used, and it can be added as an organic vehicle dissolved in an organic solvent such as terpineol.
- an antioxidant or the like can be added in order to improve the conductivity after firing.
- an antioxidant for example, a hydroxycarboxylic acid etc. can be mentioned. More specifically, hydroxycarboxylic acids such as citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, and lactic acid are preferable, and citric acid or malic acid having a high adsorptive power to copper is particularly preferable.
- the addition amount of the antioxidant can be set to, for example, about 1% by mass to 15% by mass in consideration of the antioxidant effect and the viscosity of the paste.
- conventionally used 2-ethyl 4-methylimidazole can be used.
- conventionally used benzothiazole, benzimidazole, and the like can also be used for the corrosion inhibitor.
- the dendritic silver coat copper powder 1 which concerns on this Embodiment as a metal filler for electrically conductive pastes, it can be mixed and used with copper powder of another shape. At this time, it is preferable that it is 25 mass% or more as a ratio of the dendritic silver coat copper powder 1 among copper powder whole quantity, It is more preferable that it is 30 mass% or more, It is further more preferable that it is 40 mass% or more. .
- the copper powder of another shape is mixed with the dendritic silver coat copper powder 1 as a copper powder, and the copper of another shape is inserted into the gap between the dendritic silver coat copper powder 1. Powder comes to be filled, and as a result, more contacts for ensuring conductivity can be secured. As a result, the total amount of dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1 and other shapes of copper powder can be reduced.
- the dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1 When the dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1 is less than 25% by mass of the total amount of copper powder used as the metal filler, the number of contacts between the dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1 is reduced and mixed with copper powder of other shapes. Even if the increase of the contact by carrying out is taken into consideration, as a metal filler, electroconductivity will fall.
- the other shape of the copper powder can be filled more in the gaps of the dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1, it is preferably a spherical copper powder. Furthermore, by covering the surface of the spherical copper powder to be mixed with silver and using it as a spherical silver-coated copper powder, the conductivity can be further enhanced.
- the silver coating amount on the spherical copper powder at this time is not particularly limited, but is the same as the silver coating amount of the above-described dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1 with respect to 100% by mass of the silver-coated spherical silver-coated copper powder as a whole.
- the content is preferably 1% by mass to 50% by mass.
- the silver coating amount of the dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1 is preferably as small as possible from the viewpoint of cost, but if it is too small, a uniform silver film is secured on the surface of the spherical copper powder. This is because it may cause a decrease in conductivity. Therefore, the lower limit of the silver coating amount is preferably 1% by mass or more, more preferably 2% by mass or more, with respect to 100% by mass of the silver-coated spherical silver-coated copper powder as a whole. More preferably, it is at least mass%. Moreover, when the silver coating amount increases, it is not preferable from the viewpoint of cost.
- the upper limit of the silver coating amount is preferably 50% by mass or less, more preferably 20% by mass or less, with respect to 100% by mass of the silver-coated spherical silver-coated copper powder as a whole. More preferably, it is less than or equal to mass%.
- the size of the spherical copper powder as the copper powder of other shapes is not particularly limited, but the average particle diameter (D50) is preferably 0.5 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, and preferably 1.0 ⁇ m to 5.0 ⁇ m. Is more preferable. When the average particle diameter of the spherical copper powder is less than 0.5 ⁇ m, the particle size is too small, and the effect of securing the contact by being filled in the gap between the dendritic silver-coated copper powder cannot be sufficiently obtained.
- the average particle diameter of the spherical copper powder is preferably 0.5 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 1.0 ⁇ m to 5.0 ⁇ m, whereby the dendritic silver-coated copper powder can be used with a smaller filling amount.
- the gap can be effectively and appropriately filled, and sufficient contact can be secured.
- Various electric circuits can be formed using the conductive paste prepared using the metal filler described above. Even in this case, the circuit pattern forming method or the like conventionally used can be used without being used under particularly limited conditions. For example, a conductive paste produced using the metal filler is applied or printed on a fired substrate or an unfired substrate, heated, and then pressed and cured as needed to cure and print. An electric circuit of an electronic component, an external electrode, or the like can be formed.
- the above-described metal filler is used as an electromagnetic wave shielding material, it is not limited to use under particularly limited conditions, and a general method, for example, using the metal filler mixed with a resin can be used. it can.
- a general method for example, mixing the metal filler with a resin and a solvent, and further adding an antioxidant, a thickener as necessary. It can be used as a conductive paint by mixing and kneading with an agent, an anti-settling agent and the like.
- the binder resin and solvent used at this time are not particularly limited, and those conventionally used can be used.
- vinyl chloride resin, vinyl acetate resin, acrylic resin, polyester resin, fluororesin, silicon resin, phenol resin, or the like can be used.
- the solvent conventionally used alcohols such as isopropanol, aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene, esters such as methyl acetate, ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone, and the like can be used.
- the antioxidant conventionally used fatty acid amides, higher fatty acid amines, phenylenediamine derivatives, titanate coupling agents, and the like can be used.
- the resin used for forming the electromagnetic wave shielding layer of the conductive sheet for electromagnetic wave shielding is not particularly limited. Conventionally used ones can be used. For example, various polymers and copolymers such as vinyl chloride resin, vinyl acetate resin, vinylidene chloride resin, acrylic resin, polyurethane resin, polyester resin, olefin resin, chlorinated olefin resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, alkyd resin, phenol resin, etc. A thermoplastic resin, a thermosetting resin, a radiation curable resin, and the like can be appropriately used.
- the method for producing the electromagnetic shielding material is not particularly limited.
- an electromagnetic shielding layer is formed by applying or printing a coating material in which a metal filler and a resin are dispersed or dissolved in a solvent on a substrate, and the surface is solidified. It can manufacture by drying to such an extent.
- a metal filler containing the dendritic silver-coated copper powder 1 according to the present embodiment can also be used.
- the average particle size (D50) was measured using a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer (manufactured by Nikkiso Co., Ltd., HRA9320 X-100).
- the obtained copper powder was embedded in an epoxy resin to prepare a measurement sample, the sample was cut and polished, and observed with an SEM to observe a cross section of the copper powder. First, 20 copper powders were observed, and the average thickness (cross-sectional average thickness) of the copper powder was determined. Next, the aspect ratio (average cross-sectional thickness / D50) was determined from the ratio between the value of the average cross-sectional thickness and the average particle diameter (D50) determined with a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer.
- the specific resistance value of the film was determined by measuring the sheet resistance value by a four-terminal method using a low resistivity meter (Loresta-GP MCP-T600, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation), and measuring the surface roughness profile (Tokyo Seimitsu Co., Ltd.).
- the film thickness of the coating was measured by SURFCO M130A), and the sheet resistance value was determined by dividing the film resistance by the film thickness.
- the electromagnetic shielding characteristics were evaluated by measuring the attenuation rate of the samples obtained in the examples and comparative examples using an electromagnetic wave having a frequency of 1 GHz. Specifically, the level of Comparative Example 3 in which no dendritic silver-coated copper powder is used is set as “ ⁇ ”, and the case where it is worse than the level of Comparative Example 3 is set as “X”. The case where it was better than the level was evaluated as “ ⁇ ”, and the case where it was superior was evaluated as “ ⁇ ”.
- Example 1 ⁇ Manufacture of dendritic copper powder> An electrolytic cell with a capacity of 100 L is used with a titanium electrode plate having an electrode area of 200 mm ⁇ 200 mm as a cathode and a copper electrode plate with an electrode area of 200 mm ⁇ 200 mm as an anode, and an electrolytic solution is charged into the electrolytic cell. Then, a direct current was applied thereto to deposit copper powder on the cathode plate.
- the electrolytic solution a composition having a copper ion concentration of 10 g / L and a sulfuric acid concentration of 125 g / L was used.
- Basic Red 2 Safranin, manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.
- a hydrochloric acid solution (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. manufactured). ) was added so that the chloride ion (chlorine ion) concentration in the electrolyte solution was 30 mg / L.
- the current density of the cathode is 25 A / dm 2 under the condition that the temperature is maintained at 25 ° C. while circulating the electrolytic solution whose concentration is adjusted as described above at a flow rate of 15 L / min using a metering pump.
- the electrolytic copper powder deposited on the cathode plate was recovered by mechanically scraping it off the bottom of the electrolytic cell using a scraper, and the recovered copper powder was washed with pure water and then put in a vacuum dryer and dried. .
- the deposited copper powder was a main chain that grew linearly and a plurality of linear branches from the main trunk.
- the copper powder had a two-dimensional or three-dimensional dendritic shape having a branch and a branch further branched from the branch.
- the surface of the dendritic copper powder before silver coating was uniformly coated with silver, two-dimensional or three-dimensional
- the copper particles constituting the main trunk and branches of the dendritic silver-coated copper powder have a flat plate shape with an average cross-sectional thickness of 0.42 ⁇ m, and the copper particles were formed into a dendritic shape. .
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the dendritic silver coat copper powder was 25.1 micrometers.
- the aspect ratio computed from the cross-sectional average thickness of the copper particle which comprises dendritic silver coat copper powder, and the average particle diameter of dendritic silver coat copper powder was 0.017.
- the crystallite size of the dendritic silver-coated copper powder was 1752 mm.
- the bulk density of the obtained copper powder was 0.53 g / cm 3 .
- Example 2 ⁇ Manufacture of dendritic copper powder>
- a composition having a copper ion concentration of 10 g / L and a sulfuric acid concentration of 125 g / L is used, and the basic red 2 as an additive is added to the electrolytic solution so that the concentration in the electrolytic solution is 150 mg / L.
- a copper powder (dendritic copper powder) was deposited on the cathode plate under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that a hydrochloric acid solution was added so that the chlorine ion concentration in the electrolytic solution was 100 mg / L. It was.
- a substitution type electroless plating solution a solution having a composition in which 20 g of silver nitrate, 20 g of citric acid, and 10 g of ethylenediamine are dissolved in 1 liter of ion-exchanged water is added, and 100 g of dendritic copper powder is put into the solution and stirred for 60 minutes. Reacted. The bath temperature at this time was 25 ° C.
- the powder was filtered, washed with water, and dried through ethanol. As a result, a dendritic silver-coated copper powder having a surface coated with silver was obtained.
- the dendritic silver-coated copper powder was recovered and the silver coating amount was measured, it was 10.6% by mass relative to 100% by mass of the silver-coated silver-coated copper powder.
- the obtained dendritic silver-coated copper powder with a field of view of 5,000 times by SEM, dendritic silver in a state where the surface of the dendritic copper powder before silver coating was uniformly coated with silver
- the coated copper powder is made of a two-dimensional or three-dimensional dendritic shape having a main trunk that grows linearly, a plurality of branches that branch linearly from the main trunk, and branches that further branch from the branch.
- the silver-coated copper powder exhibited.
- the copper particles constituting the main trunk and branches of the dendritic silver-coated copper powder had a flat plate shape with an average cross-sectional thickness of 0.32 ⁇ m.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of this dendritic silver coat copper powder was 9.6 micrometers.
- the aspect ratio computed from the cross-sectional average thickness of the copper particle and the average particle diameter of dendritic copper powder was 0.033.
- the crystallite diameter of the dendritic silver-coated copper powder was 1001 mm.
- the bulk density of the obtained copper powder was 1.82 g / cm 3 .
- the BET specific surface area of this dendritic silver-coated copper powder was measured with a specific surface area / pore distribution measuring device (QUADRASORB SI, manufactured by Cantachrome Corp.) and found to be 1.9 m 2 / g.
- the prepared dendritic silver-coated copper powder was mixed with 20 g of a phenolic resin (manufactured by Gunei Chemical Co., Ltd., PL-2211) and 10 g of butyl cellosolve (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd., deer special grade).
- a kneader manufactured by Nippon Seiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd., non-bubbling kneader NBK-1
- kneading at 1200 rpm for 3 minutes was repeated three times to form a paste.
- the copper powder was uniformly dispersed in the resin without agglomeration.
- the obtained conductive paste was printed on glass with a metal squeegee and cured at 150 ° C. and 200 ° C. for 30 minutes in an air atmosphere.
- Example 3 The dendritic silver-coated copper powder prepared in Example 1 was mixed with spherical silver-coated copper powder to make a paste.
- the preparation of the dendritic copper powder for producing the dendritic silver-coated copper powder, and the conditions until the dendritic copper-coated copper powder was coated with silver to produce the dendritic silver-coated copper powder were as described in Example 1.
- the dendritic silver-coated copper powder having a silver coating amount of 10.3% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total silver-coated copper powder coated with silver was used.
- electrolytic copper powder having an average particle diameter (D50) of 30.5 ⁇ m (manufactured by NEXEL JAPAN Co., Ltd., electrolytic copper powder Cu-300) is used as a high-pressure jet air flow swirl vortex jet mill (manufactured by Tokuju Kogyo Co., Ltd., NJ type).
- a nano grinding mill (NJ-30) 7 passes of pulverization and pulverization were performed at an air flow rate of 200 liters / minute, a pulverization pressure of 10 kg / cm 2 , and about 400 g / hour.
- the obtained copper powder was granular (granular copper powder), and the average particle diameter (D50) was 6.4 ⁇ m.
- the silver coating process by the reduction method similar to Example 1 was performed. .
- the silver coating amount of the spherical silver-coated copper powder thus obtained was 10.6% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the entire silver-coated spherical silver-coated copper powder.
- the copper powder was uniformly dispersed in the resin without agglomeration.
- the obtained conductive paste was printed on glass with a metal squeegee and cured at 150 ° C. and 200 ° C. for 30 minutes in an air atmosphere.
- Example 4 The dendritic silver-coated copper powder produced in Example 1 was dispersed in a resin to obtain an electromagnetic wave shielding material.
- the preparation of the dendritic copper powder for producing the dendritic silver-coated copper powder, and the conditions until the dendritic copper-coated copper powder was coated with silver to produce the dendritic silver-coated copper powder were as described in Example 1.
- the dendritic silver-coated copper powder having a silver coating amount of 10.3% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total silver-coated copper powder coated with silver was used.
- a paste was made by mixing 100 g of vinyl chloride resin and 200 g of methyl ethyl ketone with 40 g of this dendritic silver-coated copper powder and repeating kneading at 1200 rpm for 3 minutes three times using a small kneader. During pasting, the copper powder was uniformly dispersed in the resin without agglomeration. This was coated and dried using a Mayer bar on a substrate made of a transparent polyethylene terephthalate sheet having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m to form an electromagnetic wave shielding layer having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m.
- the electromagnetic shielding characteristics were evaluated by measuring the attenuation rate using an electromagnetic wave having a frequency of 1 GHz. Table 1 shows the results.
- Example 5 A spherical silver-coated copper powder was mixed with the dendritic silver-coated copper powder prepared in Example 1 and dispersed in a resin to obtain an electromagnetic wave shielding material.
- the preparation of the dendritic copper powder for producing the dendritic silver-coated copper powder, and the conditions until the dendritic copper-coated copper powder was coated with silver to produce the dendritic silver-coated copper powder were as described in Example 1.
- the dendritic silver-coated copper powder having a silver coating amount of 10.3% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total silver-coated copper powder coated with silver was used.
- spherical silver coat copper powder it produced by the method similar to what was shown in Example 3, and silver coating amount is 10.6 mass% spherical shape with respect to 100 mass of the whole spherical silver coat copper powder which carried out silver coating. Silver-coated copper powder was used.
- 100 g of vinyl chloride resin and 200 g of methyl ethyl ketone are mixed with 15 g of this dendritic silver-coated copper powder and 25 g of spherical silver-coated copper powder, respectively, and kneading is performed at 1200 rpm for 3 minutes using a small kneader.
- the paste was made by repeating the process once. During pasting, the copper powder was uniformly dispersed in the resin without agglomeration. This was coated and dried using a Mayer bar on a substrate made of a transparent polyethylene terephthalate sheet having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m to form an electromagnetic wave shielding layer having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m.
- the electromagnetic shielding characteristics were evaluated by measuring the attenuation rate using an electromagnetic wave having a frequency of 1 GHz. Table 1 shows the results.
- Example 1 Copper powder was deposited on the cathode plate in the same manner as in Example 1 except that basic red 2 as an additive and chlorine ions were not added to the electrolytic solution. The obtained copper powder was coated with silver on the copper surface in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a silver-coated copper powder. The silver coating amount of the silver-coated copper powder was 10.8% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total silver-coated copper powder.
- FIG. 5 shows the result of observing the shape of the obtained silver-coated copper powder with a SEM field of view at a magnification of 1,000 times.
- the shape of the obtained silver-coated copper powder is a dendritic shape in which particulate copper is gathered, and the surface of the copper powder is in a state where silver is coated.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the silver-coated copper powder was 22.3 ⁇ m.
- 40 g of silver-coated copper powder produced by the method described above is mixed with 20 g of a phenolic resin (manufactured by Gunei Chemical Co., Ltd., PL-2211) and 10 g of butyl cellosolve (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd., deer special grade).
- a kneader manufactured by Nippon Seiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd., non-bubbling kneader NBK-1
- kneading at 1200 rpm for 3 minutes was repeated three times to form a paste.
- the viscosity increased every time kneading was repeated.
- the obtained conductive paste was printed on glass with a metal squeegee and cured at 150 ° C. and 200 ° C. for 30 minutes in an air atmosphere.
- FIG. 6 shows the results of observing the shape of the obtained silver-coated copper powder with a SEM field of view at a magnification of 5,000 times.
- the shape of the obtained electrolytic copper powder was a dendritic copper powder formed by aggregating copper particles having a dendritic shape.
- the dendritic main trunks and branches are rounded, and it was not a flat plate composed of one or a plurality of laminated structures, like the copper powder obtained in the examples.
- the obtained copper powder was coated with silver on the copper surface in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a silver-coated copper powder.
- the silver coating amount of the silver-coated copper powder was 10.5% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the entire silver-coated silver-coated copper powder.
- the deposited copper powder was obtained by gathering particulate copper as the shape of the obtained silver-coated copper powder. It had a dendritic shape, and the surface of the copper powder was covered with silver.
- the flat copper powder was prepared by mechanically flattening granular electrolytic copper powder. Specifically, 5 g of stearic acid was added to 500 g of granular atomized copper powder (manufactured by Mekin Metal Powders Co., Ltd.) having an average particle diameter of 7.9 ⁇ m, and flattened with a ball mill. The ball mill was charged with 5 kg of 3 mm zirconia beads, and flattened by rotating for 90 minutes at a rotation speed of 500 rpm.
- the obtained flat copper powder was coated with silver in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the silver coating amount of the produced flat silver coated copper powder was 10.6% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the entire silver coated flat silver coated copper powder.
- the plate-like silver-coated copper powder thus produced was measured with a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring instrument.
- the average particle size (D50) was 21.8 ⁇ m, and as a result of observation with an SEM, the thickness was 0.4 ⁇ m.
- Comparative Example 4 Similar to the one used in Comparative Example 3, a silver coated copper powder in which silver is coated on a flat copper powder prepared by mechanically flattening a granular electrolytic copper powder is prepared, and the silver coated copper powder is used. The characteristics of the electromagnetic wave shield were evaluated, and the dendritic shape effect was examined in comparison with the characteristics of the electromagnetic wave shield produced using the dendritic silver-coated copper powder in the examples.
- the flat silver coated copper powder used was coated with silver in the same manner as in Example 1. The silver coating amount of the produced flat silver coated copper powder was 11.2% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the entire silver coated flat silver coated copper powder.
- the electromagnetic shielding characteristics were evaluated by measuring the attenuation rate using an electromagnetic wave having a frequency of 1 GHz. Table 1 shows the results.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本実施の形態に係る銀コート銅粉の具体的な形状を示した模式図である。この図1の模式図に示すように、銀コート銅粉1は、直線的に成長した主幹2とその主幹2から分かれた複数の枝3とを有する、2次元又は3次元の形態である樹枝状の形状を有している(以下、本実施の形態に係る銀コート銅粉を「樹枝状銀コート銅粉」ともいう)。この樹枝状銀コート銅粉1は、断面平均厚さが0.2μm~1.0μmの平板状で、表面に銀が被覆されている銅粒子により構成されており、レーザー回折散乱式粒度分布測定法により測定した平均粒子径(D50)が5.0μm~30μmである。
D=0.9λ/βcosθ ・・・式(1)
(なお、D:結晶子径(Å)、β:結晶子の大きさによる回折ピークの拡がり(rad)、λ:X線の波長[CuKα](Å)、θ:回折角(°)である。)
本実施の形態に係る樹枝状銀コート銅粉1は、上述したように、断面平均厚さが0.2μm~1.0μmの平板状である、表面に銀が被覆されている銅粒子によって樹枝状に構成されたものである。以下に、樹枝状銀コート銅粉1の表面に対する銀被覆について説明する。
次に、上述したような特徴を有する樹枝状銀コート銅粉1の製造方法について説明する。以下では、先ず、銀コート銅粉1を構成する樹枝状銅粉の製造方法について説明し、続いて、その樹枝状銅粉に対して銀を被覆して銀コート銅粉を得る方法について説明する。
銀を被覆する前の樹枝状銅粉は、例えば、銅イオンを含有する硫酸酸性溶液を電解液として用いて所定の電解法により製造することができる。
本実施の形態に係る樹枝状銀コート銅粉1は、上述した電解法により作製した樹枝状銅粉の表面に、例えば、還元型無電解めっき法や置換型無電解めっき法を用いて銀を被覆することにより製造することができる。
本実施の形態に係る樹枝状銀コート銅粉1は、上述したように、直線的に成長した主幹と、その主幹から分岐した複数の枝を有する樹枝状の形状をなし、断面平均厚さが0.2μm~1.0μmの銀被覆された平板状の微細銅粒子が集合して構成され、平均粒子径(D50)が5.0μm~30μmである。このような樹枝状銀コート銅粉1では、樹枝状の形状であることにより表面積が大きくなり、成形性や焼結性が優れたものとなり、またその主幹及び枝が所定の平板状の銅粒子から構成されていることにより、接点の数を多く確保することができ、優れた導電性を発揮する。
下記実施例、比較例において、以下の方法により、形状の観察、平均粒子径の測定、結晶子径の測定、導電性ペーストの比抵抗測定、電磁波シールド特性評価を行った。
走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)(日本電子株式会社製,JSM-7100F型)により、倍率1,000倍の視野で任意に20視野を観察し、その視野内に含まれる銅粉の外観を観察した。
平均粒子径(D50)は、レーザー回折・散乱法粒度分布測定器(日機装株式会社製,HRA9320 X-100)を用いて測定した。
X線回折測定装置(PAN analytical社製,X‘Pert PRO)により得られた回折パターンから、一般にScherrerの式として知られる公知の方法を用いて算出した。
得られた銅粉をエポキシ樹脂に埋め込んで測定試料を作製し、その試料に対して切断・研磨を行い、SEMで観察することによって銅粉の断面を観察した。先ず、銅粉を20個観察して、その銅粉の平均厚さ(断面平均厚さ)を求めた。次に、その断面平均厚さの値とレーザー回折・散乱法粒度分布測定器で求めた平均粒子径(D50)との比から、アスペクト比(断面平均厚さ/D50)を求めた。
被膜の比抵抗値は、低抵抗率計(三菱化学株式会社製,Loresta-GP MCP-T600)を用いて四端子法によりシート抵抗値を測定し、表面粗さ形状測定器(東京精密株式会社製、SURFCO M130A)により被膜の膜厚を測定して、シート抵抗値を膜厚で除することによって求めた。
電磁波シールド特性の評価は、各実施例及び比較例にて得られた試料について、周波数1GHzの電磁波を用いて、その減衰率を測定して評価した。具体的には、樹枝状銀コート銅粉を使用していない比較例3の場合のレベルを『△』として、その比較例3のレベルよりも悪い場合を『×』とし、その比較例3のレベルよりも良好な場合を『○』とし、さらに優れている場合を『◎』として評価した。
<樹枝状銅粉の製造>
容量が100Lの電解槽に、電極面積が200mm×200mmのチタン製の電極板を陰極とし、電極面積が200mm×200mmの銅製の電極板を陽極として用い、その電解槽中に電解液を装入し、これに直流電流を通電して銅粉を陰極板上に析出させた。
次に、上述した方法で作製した樹枝状銅粉を用いて銀コート銅粉を作製した。
次に、上述した方法で作製した樹枝状銀コート銅粉をペースト化して導電性ペーストを作製した。
<樹枝状銅粉の製造>
電解液として、銅イオン濃度が10g/L、硫酸濃度が125g/Lの組成のものを用い、その電解液に、添加剤としてベーシックレッド2を電解液中の濃度として150mg/Lとなるように添加し、さらに塩酸溶液を電解液中の塩素イオン濃度として100mg/Lとなるように添加したこと以外は、実施例1と同じ条件で銅粉(樹枝状銅粉)を陰極板上に析出させた。
得られた樹枝状銅粉100gを用いて、置換型無電解めっき液によりその銅粉表面に銀被覆を行った。
次に、上述した方法で作製した樹枝状銀コート銅粉をペースト化して導電性ペーストを作製した。
実施例1にて作製した樹枝状銀コート銅粉に球状銀コート銅粉を混合してペースト化した。なお、樹枝状銀コート銅粉を作製するための樹枝状銅粉の作製、及び、その樹枝状銅粉に銀を被覆して樹枝状銀コート銅粉を作製するまでの条件は、実施例1と同様とし、銀被覆量が銀被覆した銀コート銅粉全体の質量100%に対して10.3質量%の樹枝状銀コート銅粉を使用した。
実施例1にて作製した樹枝状銀コート銅粉を樹脂に分散して電磁波シールド材とした。なお、樹枝状銀コート銅粉を作製するための樹枝状銅粉の作製、及び、その樹枝状銅粉に銀を被覆して樹枝状銀コート銅粉を作製するまでの条件は、実施例1と同様とし、銀被覆量が銀被覆した銀コート銅粉全体の質量100%に対して10.3質量%の樹枝状銀コート銅粉を使用した。
実施例1にて作製した樹枝状銀コート銅粉に球状銀コート銅粉を混合して樹脂に分散させて電磁波シールド材とした。なお、樹枝状銀コート銅粉を作製するための樹枝状銅粉の作製、及び、その樹枝状銅粉に銀を被覆して樹枝状銀コート銅粉を作製するまでの条件は、実施例1と同様とし、銀被覆量が銀被覆した銀コート銅粉全体の質量100%に対して10.3質量%の樹枝状銀コート銅粉を使用した。
電解液中に、添加剤としてのベーシックレッド2と、塩素イオンとを添加しない条件としたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして銅粉を陰極板上に析出させた。得られた銅粉を実施例1と同様にしてその銅表面に銀を被覆し、銀コート銅粉を得た。その銀コート銅粉の銀被覆量は、銀被覆した銀コート銅粉全体の質量100%に対して10.8質量%であった。
電解液として、銅イオン濃度が10g/L、硫酸濃度が150g/Lの組成のものを用い、その電解液に、添加剤としてベーシックレッド2(関東化学工業株式会社製)を電解液中の濃度として50mg/Lとなるように添加し、さらに塩酸溶液(和光純薬工業株式会社製)を電解液中の塩化物イオン(塩素イオン)濃度として10mg/Lとなるように添加した。そして、上述したような濃度に調整した電解液を、定量ポンプを用いて15L/minの流量で循環しながら、温度を45℃に維持し、陰極の電流密度が20A/dm2になるように通電して陰極板上に銅粉を析出させた。
従来の平板状銅粉に銀を被覆させた銀コート銅粉による導電性ペーストの特性を評価し、実施例における樹枝状銀コート銅粉を用いて作製した導電性ペーストの特性と比較した。
比較例3にて用いたものと同様に粒状の電解銅粉を機械的に扁平化させて作製した平板状銅粉に銀を被覆させた銀コート銅粉を作製し、その銀コート銅粉による電磁波シールドの特性を評価し、実施例における樹枝状銀コート銅粉を用いて作製した電磁波シールドの特性と比較して、樹枝状形状効果を調べた。なお、使用した平板状の銀コート銅粉は、実施例1と同じ方法で銀を被覆した。作製した平板状銀コート銅粉の銀被覆量は、銀被覆した平板状銀コート銅粉全体の質量100%に対して11.2質量%であった。
2 主幹
3,3a,3b 枝
Claims (11)
- 直線的に成長した主幹と該主幹から分かれた複数の枝とを有する樹枝状の形状をなし、
前記主幹及び前記枝は、断面平均厚さが0.2μm~1.0μmの平板状で表面に銀が被覆されている銅粒子により構成されており、
レーザー回折散乱式粒度分布測定法により測定した平均粒子径(D50)が5.0μm~30μmであることを特徴とする樹枝状銀コート銅粉。 - 前記銀が被覆されている銅粒子の断面平均厚さを、当該樹枝状銀コート銅粉の平均粒子径(D50)で除した比が0.01~0.1の範囲であり、且つ、当該樹枝状銀コート銅粉の嵩密度が0.5g/cm3~5.0g/cm3の範囲であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の樹枝状銀コート銅粉。
- 銀被覆量が、銀被覆した当該銀コート銅粉全体の質量100%に対して1質量%~50質量%であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の樹枝状銀コート銅粉。
- BET比表面積値が、0.2m2/g~3.0m2/gであることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3の何れかに記載の樹枝状銀コート銅粉。
- X線回折による(111)面のミラー指数における結晶子径が、800Å~2000Åの範囲に属することを特徴とする請求項1乃至4の何れかに記載の樹枝状銀コート銅粉。
- 請求項1乃至5の何れかに記載の樹枝状銀コート銅粉を、全体の25質量%以上の割合で含むことを特徴とする金属フィラー。
- 平均粒子径(D50)が0.5μm~10μmの球状銅粉を含むことを特徴とする請求項6に記載の金属フィラー。
- 前記球状銅粉は、その表面に銀が被覆された球状銀コート銅粉であり、
前記球状銀コート銅粉の銀被覆量は、銀被覆した球状銀コート銅粉全体の質量100%に対して1質量%~50質量%であることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の金属フィラー。 - 請求項6乃至8の何れかに記載の金属フィラーを樹脂に混合させてなることを特徴とする導電性ペースト。
- 請求項6乃至8の何れかに記載の金属フィラーを用いてなることを特徴とする電磁波シールド用導電性塗料。
- 請求項6乃至8の何れかに記載の金属フィラーを用いてなることを特徴とする電磁波シールド用導電性シート。
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---|---|
US (1) | US20170253750A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3192597A4 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20170031215A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN106604794A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2016038914A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
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WO2017061443A1 (ja) * | 2015-10-05 | 2017-04-13 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | Snコート銅粉、及びそれを用いた導電性ペースト、並びにSnコート銅粉の製造方法 |
KR20180063444A (ko) * | 2016-12-02 | 2018-06-12 | 한국생산기술연구원 | 신축성 고전도 텍스타일 및 그 제조방법 |
KR20180063447A (ko) * | 2016-12-02 | 2018-06-12 | 한국생산기술연구원 | 발열 원단 및 그 제조방법 |
JP2018168226A (ja) * | 2017-03-29 | 2018-11-01 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | ペースト状銀粉組成物、接合体の製造方法および銀膜の製造方法 |
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JP2016004659A (ja) * | 2014-06-16 | 2016-01-12 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 導電性樹脂ペーストおよびセラミック電子部品 |
US20180264548A1 (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2018-09-20 | Clarkson University | Silver Coated Copper Flakes and Methods of Their Manufacture |
JP5907301B1 (ja) * | 2015-05-15 | 2016-04-26 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 銀コート銅粉及びそれを用いた銅ペースト、導電性塗料、導電性シート、並びに銀コート銅粉の製造方法 |
JP5907302B1 (ja) | 2015-05-15 | 2016-04-26 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 銅粉及びそれを用いた銅ペースト、導電性塗料、導電性シート、並びに銅粉の製造方法 |
CN110523973A (zh) * | 2019-09-21 | 2019-12-03 | 深圳市百柔新材料技术有限公司 | 表面包覆致密银层的片状银铜粉、制备方法及其应用 |
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- 2015-03-26 CN CN201580046403.2A patent/CN106604794A/zh active Pending
- 2015-03-26 EP EP15840059.8A patent/EP3192597A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-03-26 US US15/509,273 patent/US20170253750A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Cited By (6)
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WO2017061443A1 (ja) * | 2015-10-05 | 2017-04-13 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | Snコート銅粉、及びそれを用いた導電性ペースト、並びにSnコート銅粉の製造方法 |
KR20180063444A (ko) * | 2016-12-02 | 2018-06-12 | 한국생산기술연구원 | 신축성 고전도 텍스타일 및 그 제조방법 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20170253750A1 (en) | 2017-09-07 |
CN106604794A (zh) | 2017-04-26 |
EP3192597A1 (en) | 2017-07-19 |
KR20170031215A (ko) | 2017-03-20 |
EP3192597A4 (en) | 2018-06-06 |
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