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WO2015055025A1 - 一种谷物循环干燥机 - Google Patents

一种谷物循环干燥机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015055025A1
WO2015055025A1 PCT/CN2014/081900 CN2014081900W WO2015055025A1 WO 2015055025 A1 WO2015055025 A1 WO 2015055025A1 CN 2014081900 W CN2014081900 W CN 2014081900W WO 2015055025 A1 WO2015055025 A1 WO 2015055025A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
grain
section
drying section
hot air
drying
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/081900
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴文福
张亚秋
韩峰
刘春山
刘哲
吴玉柱
Original Assignee
长春吉大科学仪器设备有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201320633321.6U external-priority patent/CN203586723U/zh
Application filed by 长春吉大科学仪器设备有限公司 filed Critical 长春吉大科学仪器设备有限公司
Priority to JP2016600095U priority Critical patent/JP3206741U/ja
Publication of WO2015055025A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015055025A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
    • A23B9/00—Preservation of edible seeds, e.g. cereals
    • A23B9/08—Drying; Subsequent reconstitution
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
    • A23B9/00—Preservation of edible seeds, e.g. cereals
    • A23B9/02—Preserving by heating
    • A23B9/04—Preserving by heating by irradiation or electric treatment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/28—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B7/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes using a combination of processes not covered by a single one of groups F26B3/00 and F26B5/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
    • F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
    • F26B9/08—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers including agitating devices, e.g. pneumatic recirculation arrangements
    • F26B9/082—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers including agitating devices, e.g. pneumatic recirculation arrangements mechanically agitating or recirculating the material being dried
    • F26B9/085—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers including agitating devices, e.g. pneumatic recirculation arrangements mechanically agitating or recirculating the material being dried moving the material in a substantially vertical sense using conveyors or agitators, e.g. screws or augers with vertical axis, which are positioned inside the drying enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2200/06—Grains, e.g. cereals, wheat, rice, corn

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of grain drying, in particular to a novel grain circulation dryer. Background technique
  • Drying is one of the most important processing steps in the production of cereals.
  • the so-called drying is the process of removing moisture from the material by means of heating, which is a complicated heat and mass transfer process. Drying operations In order to ensure the good quality of the grain, it is necessary to select suitable drying conditions and equipment to minimize the adverse effects of drying on the quality of the grain.
  • the grain flow path of a cross-flow grain dryer is a vertical grain passage made of two vertical nets.
  • the grain forms a grain wall in the channel, and the grain moves from top to bottom in the channel; the heating device is a coal-fired hot stove .
  • When dry allow hot air to blow through the grain wall to heat and dry the grain.
  • the grain drying equipment and the drying process thereof have long drying time, low drying efficiency and low heat efficiency of the whole machine, high drying medium temperature, high energy consumption, insufficient drying, poor quality of dried grains, and heat sensitive nutrients or active ingredients such as vitamins. The loss is severe, the crack rate is large, and the structure is severely deformed.
  • Far-infrared drying technology is a new type of drying technology. It is a high-efficiency heating technology that provides high energy, high strength, full-band, high-density and high penetration. It is widely used in coating, printing and dyeing, electronics, medicine, textile leather, wood, paper, plastics, furniture, metal, automotive, grain drying and other fields. Such as the sea three long cycle far infrared dryer and the far infrared ray dryer produced by Gold Agricultural Machinery (Wuxi) Co., Ltd. However, due to the improper cooperation of the infrared radiator and the hot air drying device of the far infrared dryer, there are disadvantages such as uneven local drying, high temperature, and easy fire, and it is urgent to invent new inventions to solve the above problems.
  • Chinese patent CN203586723U is a new type of grain far infrared drying device developed by our company. It includes lower base, far infrared drying section, grain discharge section, hot air drying section, grain storage section, exhaust mechanism and hoist, and is dried in far infrared.
  • a hot and cold air mixing chamber is disposed on one side of the section and communicates with a hot air inlet provided on the outer casing of the far infrared drying section. When drying, the hot air is mixed by the hot air from the cylindrical far-infrared radiator and the cold air entering the air distribution port. After mixing in the hot and cold air mixing chamber, the hot air enters the infrared drying section through the hot air inlet, along the wind deflector.
  • the hot air passes through the stencil supporting the trapezoidal mesh skeleton, passes through the grain layer and enters the exhausting mesh cylinder, under the action of the axial flow fan, Drain the air out of the far infrared drying unit.
  • the above-mentioned far-infrared drying device mixes the hot air generated by the oil-fired furnace with the cold air in the hot and cold air mixing chamber, and then enters the infrared drying section through the hot air inlet, and does not pass the stencil and the grain layer in good order. After entering the exhaust mesh cylinder, most of them will rise along the gap between the stencil and the hot air drying section, so the hot air drying of the grain cannot be performed in the hot air drying section, and the cylindrical type cannot be fully utilized. There is a certain amount of thermal energy wasted in the residual thermal energy discharged from the far-infrared radiator.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a grain circulation dryer which has the advantages of high drying efficiency and high heat efficiency, low energy consumption, high utilization rate of heat energy, uniform and uniform drying, low drying cost, uniform temperature and safety.
  • a grain circulation dryer comprises a radiant drying section, a grain discharging section, a hot air drying section and a grain storage section which are arranged on the base from bottom to top, and is arranged between the discharge opening of the radiant drying section and the inlet of the storage grain section.
  • the outlet is connected to communicate with the inlet fan through the hot air drying section.
  • the radiant drying section comprises a thin layer radiant drying structure
  • the thin radiant drying structure comprises two slabs arranged in an inverted "eight" shape, and a tube is arranged between the two slabs Infrared radiator.
  • the hot air drying section is formed by stacking a plurality of sections.
  • each section of the hot air drying section comprises two sets of current limiting thin layer drying structures, and each set of current limiting thin layer drying structure comprises two mesh plates arranged in an inverted "eight" shape, between the two meshing plates
  • the central part is provided with an exhaust duct, the mesh plate and the exhaust duct are covered with mesh holes, and the outer space of the two mesh plates in each hot air drying section is connected with the outlet of the mixed air chamber, the two nets
  • the grain between the orifices presents a hollow "diamond" through the exhaust duct.
  • a distribution port is provided on the outer side of the lower portion of the air mixing chamber, and a plug-in plate having an adjustable opening size is provided in the air distribution port.
  • the draft fan is installed on one side of the hot air drying section through a collecting hood, and the wind collecting hood is in communication with the exhaust duct.
  • the grain discharging section comprises two sets of grain discharging devices arranged symmetrically, and each set of grain discharging device is composed of a grain discharging bucket and a groove type grain discharging wheel arranged at the outlet of the grain discharging bucket.
  • the grain storage section is formed by connecting a top grain storage section, a general storage grain section and a bottom storage grain section in sequence, and two sets of symmetrical "eight" shape arrangement are arranged symmetrically in the bottom grain storage section.
  • Flow board is formed by connecting a top grain storage section, a general storage grain section and a bottom storage grain section in sequence, and two sets of symmetrical "eight" shape arrangement are arranged symmetrically in the bottom grain storage section.
  • the material circulation conveying device comprises a lower auger located in the base below the discharge opening of the radiant drying section, and an upper auger is arranged at the upper end of the grain storage section, and the auger is connected on the side of the base.
  • the hoist of the upper auger one end of the lower auger is connected to the inlet of the hoist through a dispensing nozzle.
  • the radiant drying section can absorb part of the heat energy in the high temperature heat medium generated by the heat source, and directional radiation heating drying of the grain; the hot air drying section can absorb the remaining energy of the heat medium to dry the grain by hot air, so that the device can
  • the combination of hot air drying and radiation drying makes the heat medium energy fully utilized in high grade and low grade, with high thermal efficiency, low energy consumption and sufficient drying.
  • the invention can be converted into ordinary hot air drying when the temperature of the heat medium provided by the heat source is low, and the disadvantage of infrared drying in some occasions is avoided. Therefore, the present invention can achieve separate hot air drying and hot air radiation Shot combination drying two modes of operation.
  • the hot air drying section of the invention adopts a thin layer current limiting drying structure to make the grain have a hollow diamond shape, and realizes thin layer through-flow hot air drying, thereby avoiding defects such as large air resistance of deep dryness and partial adsorption of moisture.
  • the radiant drying section of the present invention causes the grain to flow in a waterfall shape on the slab, and is uniformly heated by infrared radiation, thereby improving the uniformity of moisture of the grain granules and the high quality effect of "like nature" as the sun hangs.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a right side view of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a left side view of Figure 1.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the radiant drying section and the base.
  • base 1 radiant drying section 2, heat source 3, grain discharge section 4, windshield 5, induced draft fan 6, hot air drying section 7, bottom grain storage section 8, general grain storage section 9, top grain storage section 10 , upper auger 11 , hoist 12 , temperature sensor 13 , air mixing chamber 14 , air distribution port 15 , lower auger 16 , insert plate 17 , slide grain board 18 , grain discharge wheel 19 , grain hopper 20 , exhaust duct 21, mesh plate 22, restrictor plate 23, dispensing nozzle 24, shutter 25, grain discharging motor 26, chain transmission mechanism 27, infrared radiator 28, infrared coating layer 29.
  • the grain circulation dryer comprises a base 1 on which a radiant drying section 2, a grain discharging section 4, a hot air drying section 7 and a grain storage section are sequentially arranged from bottom to top.
  • a material circulation conveying device is arranged between the discharge port of the radiant drying section 2 and the feed port of the grain storage section.
  • the grain storage section is formed by connecting the top grain storage section 10, the general storage grain section 9 and the bottom storage grain section 8 from top to bottom in sequence, and the general storage grain section 9 is formed by stacking multiple sections, which is preferred.
  • the general grain storage section 9 is formed by stacking seven segments.
  • the hot air drying section 7 is formed by stacking a plurality of sections.
  • Each section of the hot air drying section 7 includes a casing and two sets of current limiting thin layer drying structures symmetrically disposed in the casing.
  • Each set of current-limiting thin-layer drying structure comprises two mesh plates 22 arranged in an inverted "eight" shape, and an exhaust duct 21 is arranged in the middle between the two mesh plates 22, and the exhaust duct 21 is a round pipe or The square tube is used as an example.
  • the mesh plate 22 and the exhaust duct 21 are covered with mesh holes, and the outer space of the two mesh plates 22 in each hot air drying section 7 communicates with the outlet of the air mixing chamber 14 on the side of the hot air drying section 7 .
  • the grain between the two mesh plates 22 presents a hollow "diamond" through the exhaust duct 21.
  • An air blower 6 is disposed on the other side of the air-mixing chamber 14 on the hot air drying section 7, and the draft fan 6 is installed outside the hot air drying section 7 through a windshield 5, the windshield 5 and the row The air ducts 21 are connected.
  • the radiant drying section 2 includes a thin layer radiant drying structure, and the thin radiant drying structure comprises two slabs 18 arranged in an inverted "eight" shape, between the two slabs 18
  • a cylindrical infrared radiator 28 is disposed in the middle portion, and an infrared coating layer 29 is disposed on the outer surface of the outer surface of the infrared radiator 28.
  • the infrared coating layer 29 has a thickness of 70-100 ⁇ m, and the infrared coating layer 29 can be disposed.
  • Part of the energy generated by the heat source is absorbed and infrared radiation is generated, and the grain is infrared dried.
  • the grain flows down the two slabs 18 from the waterfall, is uniformly heated by the radiation received by the infrared radiator 28, and finally falls into the lower auger 16 of the material circulation conveyor.
  • the grain discharging section 4 includes two sets of grain discharging devices symmetrically disposed in the casing of the grain discharging section 4, and each group of grain discharging devices is provided by a grain discharging bucket 20 and at the outlet of the grain discharging bucket 20
  • the trough-shaped grain discharge wheel 19 is formed.
  • the upper mouth of the hopper 20 is respectively corresponding to the outlet of the restricted flow thin layer at the bottommost hot air drying section 7, that is, the outlet of the two mesh plates 22, and the outlet of the hopper 20 and the slab of the radiant drying section 18 The upper mouth corresponds.
  • a grain discharging motor 26 is installed inside the casing of the radiant drying section 2, and the output shaft of the grain discharging motor 26 is supported on the casing of the radiant drying section 2, and the axle of the grain discharging wheel 19 and the output shaft of the grain discharging motor 26 pass.
  • the chain drive mechanism 27 is connected.
  • Two sets of restrictor plates 23 arranged in an inverted "eight" shape are symmetrically arranged in the bottom grain storage section 8, and the bottom ports of each set of restrictor plates 23 and each pair of mesh plates 22 located in the uppermost hot air drying section 7 respectively Upper mouth one A correspondence.
  • a heat source 3 connected to the infrared radiator 28 for generating a heat medium is fixed on the side of the radiation drying section 2, and the heat source 3 may be an oil furnace, a gas furnace, a hot stove or the like capable of generating high temperature.
  • the heat source 3 is an oil burner.
  • the inlet of the air mixing chamber 14 is connected to the outlet end of the infrared radiator 28, the air distribution port 15 is disposed outside the lower portion of the air mixing chamber 14, and the inserting plate 17 is disposed in the air distribution port 15, and the upper part of the air mixing chamber 14 is disposed.
  • the material circulation conveying device comprises a lower auger 16 disposed in the base 1, and a vertically arranged hoist 12 is arranged on the side of the base 1, and an upper auger 11 is arranged at the upper end of the top grain storage section 10.
  • the lower auger 16 is disposed in the base 1 corresponding to the discharge opening of the radiant drying section 2, that is, the bottom of the two sliding grain boards 18, and the dispensing nozzle 24 is fixed on the lower auger 16 near the 12-end of the hoist.
  • the material nozzle 24 is provided with two material outlets and symmetrically provided two shutters 25 for selecting material outlets, one material outlet is connected with the circulating feed inlet of the elevator 12, and the other material outlet is used for drying.
  • the grain is discharged normally.
  • the shutter 25 can be operated separately to control the switch of the material outlet.
  • the upper auger 11 is installed horizontally on the top grain storage section 10, one end of the upper auger 11 is connected to the discharge port of the upper end of the hoisting machine 12, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the top grain storage section 10.
  • the induced draft fan 6, the heat source 3 and the hoist 12 are activated, and the grain is conveyed to the drying device through the hoist 12 and the upper auger 11 to fill the grain storage section and the hot air drying section 7, and the grain follows the restrictor plate 23 The flow is continued until the pair of mesh plates 22 and the hopper 20 are filled.
  • the grain discharging motor 26 is started, and the grain moves downward to the radiant drying section 2 under the action of the grain discharging wheel 19 and its own gravity; in the radiant drying section 2, the grain falls down on the slab 18 and falls due to the heat source 3
  • the heat medium i.e., the high temperature flue gas
  • the high-temperature flue gas first enters the infrared radiator 28 to generate infrared radiation, so that the grain is subjected to infrared radiation by infrared radiation excited by the infrared radiator 28 when it is slid.
  • the high-temperature flue gas passes through the infrared radiator 28 and enters the air mixing chamber 14.
  • the size of the air distribution port 15 is adjusted according to the value of the temperature sensor 13 through the plug-in board 17, so that the hot air temperature suitable for hot air drying is formed in the air mixing chamber 14, and the hot air is simultaneously Enter Outside the pair of mesh plates 22 in the multi-stage hot air drying section 7, under the action of the induced draft fan 6, the hot air passes through the mesh plate 22 and the grain layer in turn and enters the exhaust duct 21, and the drying device is discharged through the collecting hood 5. In addition, hot air drying of the grain is completed in the hot air drying section 7.
  • the grain is sequentially dried by hot air and dried in infrared light and then enters the lower auger 16, and the lower auger 16 enters the hoist 12 through the dispensing nozzle 24, and then enters the top grain storage section 10 through the upper auger 11 for cyclic drying.
  • the grain outlet is changed by the shutter 25 of the dispensing nozzle 24 to discharge the grain.
  • the present invention is only hot air convection drying of the grain; when the hot air temperature is higher than 180 ° C, Hot air convection and infrared radiation are combined to dry.
  • the structure of the embodiment is basically the same as that of the embodiment 1.
  • the difference is that: the outer surface of the tube of the radiator 28 in the radiation drying section 2 has no infrared coating layer 29, and the rest of the structure is the same as that of the embodiment 1.
  • the dryer is only convective drying of the grain by hot air.
  • the present invention combines hot air drying and radiation drying organically, so that the heat medium energy is fully utilized in high grade and low grade, high in heat efficiency, low in energy consumption, and sufficiently uniform in drying; industrial applicability with good effect .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
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  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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Abstract

一种谷物循环干燥机，包括由下至上依次设在底座（1）上的辐射干燥段（2）、排粮段（4）、热风干燥段（7）和储粮段。在辐射干燥段（2）和储粮段之间设有物料循环传送装置，在辐射干燥段（2）一侧连通有能够产生热介质的热源（3），在热风干燥段（7）两侧分别设有引风机（6）和混风室（14）。混风室（14）入口与辐射干燥段（2）的热介质出口连通。混风室（14）出口通过热风干燥段（7）与引风机（6）连通。该干燥机热效率高、干燥充分均匀。

Description

一种谷物循环干燥机
技术领域
本发明涉及谷物干燥技术领域， 特别涉及一种新型谷物循环干燥机。 背景技术
干燥是谷物生产过程中最重要的加工环节之一。 所谓干燥就是以供热的 方式从物料中脱去水分的过程， 是一个复杂的传热传质过程。 干燥作业为了 保证谷物的优良品质， 必须选择合适的干燥条件和设备， 尽可能减少干燥对 谷物品质的不良影响。
目前， 以热空气为介质进行对流传热的常压热风干燥仍是应用最多、 最 为经济的谷物脱水贮藏方法， 如横流谷物干燥机等。 横流谷物干燥机的谷物 流道是用两层垂直的网制成的垂直的谷物通道， 谷物在通道里形成一层谷物 墙， 谷物在通道里从上向下移动； 加热装置为燃煤热风炉。 干燥时让热风吹 过谷物墙， 实现对谷物的加热、 干燥。 这种谷物干燥设备及其工艺干燥时间 长、 干燥效率和整机热效率低， 干燥介质温度高、 能耗大， 干燥不易充分， 干燥后的谷物存在品质较差， 维生素等热敏性营养成分或活性成分的损失严 重， 裂紋率大， 组织结构变形剧烈。
远红外线干燥技术是一种新型的干燥技术， 它是一种提供高能量、 高强 度、 全波段、 高密度、 穿透性强的高效加热技术。 其广泛应用于涂装、 印染、 电子、 医药、 纺织皮革、 木材、 纸业、 塑料、 家具、 金属、 汽车、 谷物烘干 等领域。 如上海三久循环式远红外线干燥机和金子农机 （无锡）有限公司生 产的远红外线干燥机等。 然而， 由于远红外干燥机红外辐射器和热风干燥装 置的配合不当， 存在局部干燥不均匀、 温度过高， 且容易失火等缺点， 亟待 发明新发明解决上述问题。 中国专利 CN203586723U是我单位研发的一种新型谷物远红外干燥装置， 它包括下底座、 远红外干燥段、 排粮段、 热风干燥段、 储粮段、 排风机构和 提升机， 在远红外干燥段一侧设置冷热风混合室且与设在远红外干燥段外壳 上的热风入口连通。 干燥时， 热风由圆筒型远红外辐射器内喷出的热空气与 配风口进入的冷空气， 在冷热风混合室内混合后， 通过热风入口进入红外干 燥段内， 沿着导挡风板流到远红外干燥段的中部， 向上进入热风干燥段， 在 热风干燥段内热风通过支撑梯形网骨架上的网板， 经过粮层进入到排风网眼 圆筒， 在轴流风机的作用下， 把湿空气排出远红外干燥装置外部。
经过实践的检验， 上述远红外干燥装置通过燃油炉产生的热空气在冷热 风混合室内与冷空气混合， 再通过热风入口进入红外干燥段以后， 并不能很 好的依次通过网板、 粮层进入到排风网眼圆筒内排走， 大部分会沿着网板与 热风干燥段外壳的间隙上升， 因此在热风干燥段内不能对谷物进行较好的热 风干燥， 不能充分利用由圆筒型远红外辐射器排出的剩余热能， 存在一定的 热能浪费。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是要提供一种谷物循环干燥机， 具有干燥效 率和热效率高， 能耗小， 热能利用率高， 干燥充分均匀、 干燥成本低、 温度 均匀、 安全等优点。
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种谷物循环干燥机， 包括由下至上依次设在底座上的辐射干燥段、 排 粮段、 热风干燥段和储粮段， 在辐射干燥段出料口和储粮段进料口之间设有 物料循环传送装置， 在辐射干燥段一侧连通有能够产生热介质的热源， 在热 风干燥段两侧分别设有引风机和混风室， 所述混风室入口与辐射干燥段的热 介质出口连通， 混风室出口通过所述热风干燥段与所述引风机连通。
优选的是， 所述辐射干燥段包括一个薄层辐射干燥结构， 所述薄层辐射 干燥结构包括二块呈倒 "八"字形布置的溜粮板， 在二块溜粮板之间设有筒 状红外辐射器。
优选的是， 所述热风干燥段是由多段叠加连接而成。
优选的是， 每段热风干燥段包括二组限流薄层干燥结构， 每组限流薄层 干燥结构包括二块呈倒 "八"字形布置的网孔板， 在二块网孔板之间中部设 有排风管道， 所述网孔板和排风管道上布满网孔， 每段热风干燥段内位于二 块网孔板的外侧空间与所述的混风室出口连通， 二块网孔板之间的谷物通过 排风管道呈现出中空的 "菱形"。
优选的是， 在混风室的下部外侧设有配风口， 在配风口内设有可调节开 口大小的插板。
优选的是， 所述引风机通过一个集风罩安装在热风干燥段一侧， 所述集 风罩与所述排风管道相通。
优选的是， 所述排粮段包括对称布置的二组排粮装置， 每组排粮装置是 由一个排粮斗和设在排粮斗出口处的槽形排粮轮构成。
优选的是， 所述储粮段是由顶层储粮段、 通用储粮段和底层储粮段依次 连接而成， 在底层储粮段内对称设有二组呈倒 "八"字形布置的限流板。
优选的是， 所述物料循环传送装置包括设在底座内位于辐射干燥段出料 口下方的下绞龙， 在储粮段上端设有上绞龙， 在底座一侧设有连接下绞龙和 上绞龙的提升机， 所述下绞龙一端通过一个分料嘴与提升机进料口连通。
本发明的有益效果是：
1、通过辐射干燥段能够吸收热源产生的高温热介质中的部分热能，对谷 物进行定向辐射加热干燥； 通过热风干燥段能够吸收利用热介质剩余的能量 对谷物进行热风干燥， 这样该设备可将热风干燥与辐射干燥有机结合， 使热 介质能量在高品位和低品位都得到充分利用， 热效率高， 能耗小， 干燥充分 均匀。
2、本发明在热源提供热介质的温度较低时，可以转换为普通的热风干燥, 避免一些场合红外干燥的缺点。 因此， 本发明可实现单独热风干燥和热风辐 射组合干燥二种作业模式。
3、本发明热风干燥段采用薄层限流干燥结构， 使谷物呈中空的菱形， 实 现了薄层穿流热风干燥， 避免了深层干燥的空气阻力大、 水分局部吸附等缺 点。
4、本发明的辐射干燥段使谷物在溜粮板呈瀑布状流动， 并受到红外辐射 的均匀加热， 提升了谷物颗粒水分的均匀性， 以及如太阳晾晒一样 "仿自然" 的高品质效果。
附图说明
图 1是本发明的结构示意图。
图 2是图 1的右视图。
图 3是图 1的左视图。
图 4是辐射干燥段及底座的结构示意图。
图中： 底座 1 , 辐射干燥段 2, 热源 3, 排粮段 4, 集风罩 5, 引风机 6, 热风干燥段 7, 底层储粮段 8, 通用储粮段 9, 顶层储粮段 10, 上绞龙 11 , 提升机 12, 温度传感器 13, 混风室 14, 配风口 15, 下搅龙 16, 插板 17, 溜 粮板 18, 排粮轮 19, 排粮斗 20, 排风管道 21 , 网孔板 22, 限流板 23, 分料 嘴 24, 闸板 25, 排粮电机 26, 链条传动机构 27, 红外辐射器 28, 红外涂料 层 29。
具体实施方式
实施例 1
如图 1所示， 该谷物循环干燥机包括一个底座 1 , 在底座 1上由下至上 依次设有辐射干燥段 2、 排粮段 4、 热风干燥段 7和储粮段。 在辐射干燥段 2 出料口与储粮段进料口之间设有物料循环传送装置。 所述储粮段是由顶层储 粮段 10、 通用储粮段 9和底层储粮段 8从上到下依次连接而成， 所述通用储 粮段 9是由多段叠加连接而成， 作为优选， 本实施例中通用储粮段 9由七段 叠加而成。 参见图 1和图 2, 所述热风干燥段 7是由多段叠加连接而成， 本实施例 非限制性的以三段为例。 每段热风干燥段 7包括壳体及对称设在壳体内的二 组限流薄层干燥结构。 每组限流薄层干燥结构包括二块呈倒 "八"字形布置 的网孔板 22, 在二块网孔板 22之间中部分别设有排风管道 21 , 排风管道 21 为圆管或方管状， 本实施例以圆管为例。 所述网孔板 22和排风管道 21上布 满网孔，每段热风干燥段 7内位于二块网孔板 22的外侧空间与位于热风干燥 段 7—侧的混风室 14出口连通， 二块网孔板 22之间的谷物通过排风管道 21 呈现出中空的 "菱形"。 在热风干燥段 7上对应所述混风室 14的另一侧设有 引风机 6, 引风机 6通过一个集风罩 5安装在热风干燥段 7外侧， 所述集风 罩 5与所述排风管道 21相通。
参见图 4, 所述辐射干燥段 2包括一个薄层辐射干燥结构， 所述薄层辐 射干燥结构包括二块呈倒 "八"字形布置的溜粮板 18, 在二块溜粮板 18之 间中部设有筒状红外辐射器 28, 在红外辐射器 28的筒体外表面设有红外涂 料层 29, 作为优选， 所述红外涂料层 29的厚度 70-100 μ πι, 通过设置红外涂 料层 29能够吸收热源产生的部分能量并产生红外辐射， 对谷物进行红外干 燥。在薄层辐射干燥结构中， 谷物向瀑布一样从沿着二块溜粮板 18流下， 接 受红外辐射器 28的辐射均匀加热， 最后落入物料循环传送装置的下搅龙 16。
参见图 2和图 3, 所述排粮段 4包括对称设在排粮段 4壳体内的二组排 粮装置， 每组排粮装置是由一个排粮斗 20和设在排粮斗 20出口处的槽形排 粮轮 19构成。 排粮斗 20的上口分别与位于最底层热风干燥段 7的限流薄层 干燥结构出口即二块网孔板 22下口对应， 排粮斗 20的出口与辐射干燥段的 溜粮板 18上口相对应。 在辐射干燥段 2的箱体内侧安装有排粮电机 26, 排 粮电机 26输出轴支撑在辐射干燥段 2的箱体上， 所述排粮轮 19的轮轴与排 粮电机 26的输出轴通过链条传动机构 27连接。
在底层储粮段 8内对称设有二组呈倒 "八"字形布置的限流板 23, 每组 限流板 23的底口分别与位于最上层热风干燥段 7内每对网孔板 22的上口一 一对应。
参见图 1和图 4, 在辐射干燥段 2—侧固定有与红外辐射器 28连通用于 产生热介质的热源 3, 所述热源 3可为燃油炉、 燃气炉、 热风炉或其它能够 产生高温烟气的装置， 作为优选， 本实施例中热源 3为燃油炉。 所述混风室 14入口与红外辐射器 28的出口端连通， 在混风室 14的下部外侧设有配风口 15, 在配风口 15内设有插板 17, 在混风室 14内上部设有温度传感器 13, 以 便根据进入热风干燥段 7的热风温度，通过改变插板 17的插入深度来调节混 风室 14的烟气温度。
所述物料循环传送装置包括设在底座 1内的下绞龙 16, 在底座 1一侧设 有垂直布置的提升机 12, 在顶层储粮段 10上端设有上绞龙 11。 其中下绞龙 16设在底座 1内对应辐射干燥段 2出料口即两块溜粮板 18的底口处， 在下 绞龙 16上靠近提升机 12—端固定有分料嘴 24, 在分料嘴 24上设有二个物 料出口并对称设有二个用于选择物料出口的闸板 25, 其中一个物料出口与提 升机 12的循环进料口连通， 另一个物料出口用于干燥完成， 正常排出谷物。 闸板 25可单独操作， 用于控制物料出口的开关。 所述上绞龙 11沿水平方向 安装在顶层储粮段 10上，上绞龙 11一端与提升机 12上端的出料口连接， 另 一端连接顶层储粮段 10的进料口。
工作时， 启动引风机 6、热源 3和提升机 12, 谷物通过提升机 12和上绞 龙 11输送到干燥设备内， 填满储粮段和热风干燥段 7, 谷物顺着限流板 23 向下流动， 直至填满成对的网孔板 22之间和排粮斗 20。 启动排粮电机 26, 谷物在排粮轮 19及自身重力的作用下向下移动到辐射干燥段 2; 在辐射干燥 段 2内谷物在溜粮板 18上呈瀑布状下滑，由于热源 3产生的热介质即高温烟 气先进入红外辐射器 28, 使之产生红外辐射， 这样谷物在下滑时会受到红外 辐射器 28激发出的红外线辐射， 进行红外干燥。 高温烟气通过红外辐射器 28后进入混风室 14内， 根据温度传感器 13数值通过插板 17调节配风口 15 开启大小，使混风室 14内形成适合热风干燥所需的热风温度，热风同时进入 多段热风干燥段 7内成对的网孔板 22外侧，在引风机 6的作用下，热风依次 穿过网孔板 22和粮层后进入排风管道 21内，经由集风罩 5排出干燥设备外, 这样在热风干燥段 7内就完成了对谷物的热风干燥。 谷物依次经过热风干燥 和红外干燥后进入下绞龙 16, 由下绞龙 16通过分料嘴 24进入提升机 12,再 通过上绞龙 11进入顶层储粮段 10, 进行循环干燥。 当经过循环干燥后的谷 物满足脱水要求后， 通过分料嘴 24的闸板 25改变其物料出口， 便可将谷物 排出储藏。
作为一种优选， 由于红外涂料层 29对温度的要求， 当热源 3提供的热空 气温度低于 180°C时，本发明对谷物只是热风对流干燥； 热空气温度高于 180 °C时， 属于热风对流与红外辐射组合干燥。
实施例 2
如图 1-图 3所示， 本实施例结构与实施例 1基本相同， 区别在于： 在辐 射干燥段 2内的辐射器 28的管体外表面没有红外涂料层 29, 其余结构同实 施例 1 , 干燥机对谷物只是热风对流干燥。
尽管本发明的实施方案已公开如上， 但其并不仅仅限于说明书和实施方 式中所列运用， 它完全可以被适用于各种适合本发明的领域， 对于熟悉本领 域的人员而言， 可容易地实现另外的修改， 因此在不背离权利要求及等同范 围所限定的一般概念下， 本发明并不限于特定的细节和这里示出与描述的图 例。
工业实用性 本发明通过对谷物将热风干燥与辐射干燥有机结合， 使热介质能量在高 品位和低品位都得到充分利用， 热效率高， 能耗小， 干燥充分均匀； 具有效 果良好的工业实用性。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、一种谷物循环干燥机， 其特征是： 包括由下至上依次设在底座上的辐 射干燥段、 排粮段、 热风干燥段和储粮段， 在辐射干燥段出料口和储粮段进 料口之间设有物料循环传送装置， 在辐射干燥段一侧连通有能够产生热介质 的热源， 在热风干燥段两侧分别设有引风机和混风室， 所述混风室入口与辐 射干燥段的热介质出口连通， 混风室出口通过所述热风干燥段与所述引风机 连通。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的一种谷物循环干燥机， 其特征是： 所述辐射干 燥段包括一个薄层辐射干燥结构，所述薄层辐射干燥结构包括二块呈倒 "八" 字形布置的溜粮板， 在二块溜粮板之间设有筒状红外辐射器。
3、根据权利要求 1所述的一种谷物循环干燥机， 其特征是： 所述热风干 燥段是由多段叠加连接而成。
4、根据权利要求 3所述的一种谷物循环干燥机， 其特征是： 每段热风干 燥段包括二组限流薄层干燥结构，每组限流薄层干燥结构包括二块呈倒 "八" 字形布置的网孔板， 在二块网孔板之间中部设有排风管道， 所述网孔板和排 风管道上布满网孔， 每段热风干燥段内位于二块网孔板的外侧空间与所述的 混风室出口连通，二块网孔板之间的谷物通过排风管道呈现出中空的"菱形"。
5、根据权利要求 1所述的一种谷物循环干燥机， 其特征是： 在混风室的 下部外侧设有配风口， 在配风口内设有可调节其开口大小的插板。
6、根据权利要求 4所述的一种谷物循环干燥机， 其特征是： 所述引风机 通过一个集风罩安装在热风干燥段一侧， 所述集风罩与所述排风管道相通。
7、根据权利要求 1所述的一种谷物循环干燥机， 其特征是： 所述排粮段 包括对称布置的二组排粮装置， 每组排粮装置是由一个排粮斗和设在排粮斗 出口处的槽形排粮轮构成。
8、根据权利要求 1所述的一种谷物循环干燥机， 其特征是： 所述储粮段 是由顶层储粮段、 通用储粮段和底层储粮段依次连接而成， 在底层储粮段内 对称设有二组呈倒 "八"字形布置的限流板。
9、根据权利要求 1所述的一种谷物循环干燥机， 其特征是： 所述物料循 环传送装置包括设在底座内位于辐射干燥段出料口下方的下绞龙， 在储粮段 上端设有上绞龙， 在底座一侧设有连接下绞龙和上绞龙的提升机， 所述下绞 龙一端通过一个分料嘴与提升机进料口连通。
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CN111700110A (zh) * 2020-06-24 2020-09-25 安徽麦稻之星机械科技有限公司 一种谷物干燥工艺及干燥设备
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CN114136080A (zh) * 2021-12-31 2022-03-04 湖南省农友盛泰农业科技有限公司 一种烘干机
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CN115615160A (zh) * 2021-07-16 2023-01-17 河北皓凯农业机械有限公司 一种气吸有氧全覆盖干燥系统
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CN106172735A (zh) * 2015-05-06 2016-12-07 天津科技大学 一种开闭式循环多级热泵干燥设备
CN105410172A (zh) * 2015-12-18 2016-03-23 山东省农业机械科学研究院 一种谷物循环干燥机及其控制方法
CN107356060A (zh) * 2017-07-07 2017-11-17 山西东昌实业有限公司 一种塔式烘干机用烘干塔节
CN107490285B (zh) * 2017-09-26 2022-11-01 常州常发重工科技有限公司 一种粮食烘干机的混风装置及其混风方法
CN107490285A (zh) * 2017-09-26 2017-12-19 常州常发重工科技有限公司 一种粮食烘干机的混风装置及其混风方法
CN108432872A (zh) * 2018-05-04 2018-08-24 上海伯涵热能科技有限公司 一种侧壁共用谷物烘干装置
CN109855416A (zh) * 2019-04-01 2019-06-07 青岛创客机械设备制造有限公司 一种立式干燥机
CN109855415A (zh) * 2019-04-01 2019-06-07 青岛创客机械设备制造有限公司 一种高温节能立式干燥装置
CN109855416B (zh) * 2019-04-01 2024-03-19 青岛创客机械设备制造有限公司 一种立式干燥机
CN109855415B (zh) * 2019-04-01 2023-11-24 青岛创客机械设备制造有限公司 一种高温节能立式干燥装置
CN110131999A (zh) * 2019-06-04 2019-08-16 安徽金谷机械科技有限公司 一种新型谷物干燥机的干燥排粮装置
CN110477255A (zh) * 2019-09-03 2019-11-22 广东瑞之星节能技术有限公司 一种双热源烘干流水线及其工作流程
CN111700110A (zh) * 2020-06-24 2020-09-25 安徽麦稻之星机械科技有限公司 一种谷物干燥工艺及干燥设备
CN111928632A (zh) * 2020-07-21 2020-11-13 南京源昌新材料有限公司 一种高效率低能耗振动筛式远红外干燥装置
CN113262170A (zh) * 2021-05-18 2021-08-17 孙德忠 一种片状药品智能加工设备及其加工方法
CN115615160A (zh) * 2021-07-16 2023-01-17 河北皓凯农业机械有限公司 一种气吸有氧全覆盖干燥系统
CN114136080A (zh) * 2021-12-31 2022-03-04 湖南省农友盛泰农业科技有限公司 一种烘干机
CN114877627A (zh) * 2022-06-02 2022-08-09 沈阳爱科斯科技有限公司 一种真空低温烘干装置
CN114877627B (zh) * 2022-06-02 2023-12-05 沈阳爱科斯科技有限公司 一种真空低温烘干装置
TWI849760B (zh) * 2023-02-20 2024-07-21 亞電國際有限公司 遠紅外線穀粒烘乾裝置
CN117628866A (zh) * 2024-01-26 2024-03-01 江苏中治制药有限公司 一种提高软胶囊内容物的均一性加工设备及制备方法
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