WO2013159720A1

WO2013159720A1 - Automatic transmission

Info

Publication number: WO2013159720A1
Application number: PCT/CN2013/074727
Authority: WO
Inventors: 向永川
Original assignee: Xiang Yongchuan
Priority date: 2012-04-26
Filing date: 2013-04-25
Publication date: 2013-10-31
Also published as: CN102628493A; CN102628493B

Abstract

An automatic transmission comprises a shift gear transmission system, and a shifting mechanism execution system. The shifting mechanism execution system comprises a manipulation device (9), a reverse action device (12), and a transmission shifting device (17), the reverse action device further comprises a control frame (13), a driving frame (10), a driven frame (11), and a spring (29), the driving frame is elastically connected to the driven frame through the spring, the driving frame and the driven frame are in axial slide fit with the control frame respectively, the slide travel of the driving frame is larger than the slide travel of the driven frame, and the middle point of the slide travel of the driving frame and the middle point of the slide travel of driven frame are on the same plane. The manipulation device can make the driving frame move so as to force the driven frame to reversely move, and the movement of the driven frame makes the transmission switching device force the shift gear transmission system to shift so as to change the speed.

Description

Automatic transmission

The present invention relates to an automatic transmission of a shifting shift in a motor vehicle transmission, and more particularly to a fully automatic shifting shifting device for an electric vehicle, a fuel vehicle, and a hybrid vehicle, which belongs to the technical field of mechanical transmission. Background technique

The existing stepless automatic transmission has low mechanical efficiency, is easy to be damaged, has high cost and unstable performance; the hydraulic automatic transmission has low transmission efficiency and high price; the mechanical manual transmission has complicated operation, low mechanical efficiency and is not convenient to use.

In the prior art, the automotive clutch type automatic transmission transmission disclosed in the Chinese invention patent application (Application No.: 200910067026. 7) is mainly composed of a dual clutch assembly, a front and rear clutch actuator and a shifting gear box. Its high cost, only two gears, friction clutch has a short service life, high maintenance costs, and is not suitable for two-wheeled vehicles.

The double cam adaptive automatic shifting wheel disclosed in the Chinese invention patent application (application No.: 200910103507. 9) includes: a power unit, a flat fork, a box body, a brake device, and a transmission shaft disposed in the box body and coupled with the drive shaft thereof. The utility model comprises a slow gear transmission mechanism and a cone disc clutch double cam adaptive shifting assembly arranged on the transmission shaft. Its tapered friction transmission can only have two gear positions, and the transmission torque is small, and the service life is short, which can only be suitable for two-wheeled vehicles.

The six-speed automatic transmission and its transmission system disclosed in the Chinese invention patent application (Application No.: 200910107640. 1) include: a power input shaft, a planetary row, a housing, a shifting member, and a primary deceleration system. The utility model has the advantages of high cost, large volume, complicated structure, high maintenance cost and low mechanical efficiency, and is not suitable for small electric vehicles and light motor vehicles. Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to solve the problems of high cost, low mechanical efficiency, unstable performance, high maintenance cost, etc. in the current automatic transmission technology, and the present invention provides a transmission efficiency, a large number of gears, a long service life, and a long performance. An automatic transmission with low stability and low maintenance costs.

The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

An automatic transmission that is assembled in a casing or a hub or gearbox by a bearing and is packaged with lubricating oil, and is equipped with an automatic clutch or a torque limiter or a transmission damper in the transmission connection, including a gear shifting system a shifting mechanism executing system, wherein: the shifting mechanism executing system comprises an operating device, a reverse acting device, and a transmission switching device, wherein the reverse acting device further comprises a control frame, a movable frame, a driven frame, and a spring The active frame and the driven frame are elastically connected by a spring, and the active frame and the driven frame are respectively axially slidably engaged with the control frame, the sliding stroke of the active frame is larger than the sliding stroke of the driven frame, and the midpoint and the sliding point of the active frame sliding stroke are The midpoint of the sliding stroke of the movable frame is on the same surface, and the compressed spring is arranged between the active frame and the driven frame; the active frame is connected with the operating device, the driven frame is connected with the transmission switching device, and the driven frame is reversely actuated. Forcing the gear shifting system to shift gears to achieve shifting;

The gear gear transmission system is a two-axis constant mesh gear transmission system or a multi-axis constant mesh gear transmission system or a transmission epicyclic gear train transmission system or a hub-type epicyclic gear train gear transmission system; the two-axis constant mesh gear transmission The system is a fork type or a single guide rod type or a plurality of guide rod type double shaft constant mesh gear transmission system, and the multi-axis constant mesh gear transmission system is a two-speed three-axis or three-speed three-axis constant mesh gear transmission system. The wheeled epicyclic gear train transmission system is an acceleration or deceleration epicyclic gear train transmission system.

The biaxial constant meshing gear transmission system is a fork type double shaft constant meshing gear transmission system or a single guide rod type double shaft constant meshing gear transmission system or a plurality of guide rod type double shaft constant meshing gear transmission systems,

The fork type double-shaft constant meshing gear transmission system is a shifting mechanism execution system of a shifting shaft device, wherein the driven frame is provided with an outer ring groove, and the outer ring groove is intermittently slidingly fitted with a passive shift fork, a passive shift fork and a guide One end of the rod is fixed, and the guide rod fits through The sleeve is fixed in the gearbox, and the other end of the guide rod is fixed with a fork, the fork is matched with the synchronizer sleeve or the moving joint sleeve on the gear shaft, and the synchronizer or the moving combination set is matched with the gear shaft. Between the small sliding gear and the large sliding gear, the synchronizer or the movable coupling sleeve can switch the gear shaft and the transmission connection of the small sliding gear and the gear shaft with the large sliding gear, and the small sliding gear and the pair mounted on the gear shaft The large gear fixed on the shaft meshes, and the large sliding gear mounted on the gear shaft meshes with the fixed pinion gear on the counter shaft. The diameter of the small sliding gear is smaller than the diameter of the large sliding gear, and the diameter of the large gear is larger than the diameter of the small gear. , the gear axis is a power input shaft, and the secondary shaft is a power output shaft;

The single guide type double-shaft constant meshing gear transmission system is a shifting mechanism executing system of a shifting shaft device, wherein the driven frame is provided with a pin shaft, the pin shaft passes through the radial elongated hole of the gear shaft and the glaze direction a hollow cavity, the middle of the pin passes through a pin hole at one end of the guide rod, the guide rod is installed in the hollow cavity of the gear shaft, and the second pin shaft is assembled in the pin hole of the other end of the guide rod, and the second pin shaft passes through The radial elongated hole of the gear shaft is fixed with the moving joint sleeve, and the two ends of the second pin shaft are fixed in the two pin shaft holes in the middle of the moving joint sleeve, and the moving joint set is matched between the small sliding gear and the large sliding gear The movement of the movable joint sleeve can switch the gear shaft and the transmission connection of the small sliding gear and the gear shaft with the large sliding gear, and the small sliding gear assembled on the gear shaft meshes with the large gear fixed on the counter shaft, and the gear shaft is on the gear shaft. The assembled large sliding gear meshes with the fixed pinion on the countershaft. The diameter of the small sliding gear is smaller than the diameter of the large sliding gear, and the diameter of the large gear is larger than the diameter of the small gear. The gear shaft is the power input shaft, and the counter shaft is Power output shaft;

The plurality of guide rod type double-shaft constant meshing gear transmission systems are gear shifting shaft device having a shifting mechanism execution system, and the gear shaft is provided with a groove parallel and symmetrically distributed with the shaft center line, and the W slot is provided with a guide rod There is a gap between the guide rod and the inner circular surface of the small sliding gear or the large sliding gear, one end of the guiding rod is connected with the driven frame, and the other end is connected with the moving coupling sleeve, and both ends of the guiding rod are outwardly protruded one The crank is driven, the driven frame is provided with an inner ring groove, and the moving joint sleeve is provided with an outer ring groove. The driven frame and the moving joint sleeve are respectively symmetrically arranged with a notch, and the crank is mounted in the notch, and the cranks at both ends of the guide bar are respectively extended. Into the inner ring groove and the outer ring groove, the notch round surface of the inner ring groove and the outer ring groove is respectively provided with a circlip between the crank ring, and the opening of the circlip is placed at the convex part of the inner ring groove or the outer ring groove, The mobile combination set is arranged between the small sliding gear and the large sliding gear, and the reciprocating movement of the moving coupling sleeve can switch the transmission connection between the gear shift shaft and the small sliding gear and the gear shaft and the large sliding gear, and the small sliding assembly on the gear shaft The gear meshes with the fixed large gear on the countershaft, and the gear shaft The large sliding gear assembled on the upper mesh meshes with the fixed pinion gear on the countershaft. The diameter of the small sliding gear is smaller than the diameter of the large sliding gear, and the diameter of the large gear is larger than the diameter of the small gear. The gear shaft is the power input shaft and the counter shaft. It is the power output shaft.

The multi-axis constant meshing gear transmission system is a two-speed three-axis constant meshing gear transmission system or a three-speed three-axis constant meshing gear transmission system.

The two-speed three-axis constant meshing gear transmission system is a gear shifting mechanism having a shifting mechanism execution system, wherein an axial end of the driven frame is fixed with a moving joint sleeve, and an engaging surface of the movable joint sleeve can be axially moved and protruded An axial end of the gear shaft, the joint surface of the movable joint sleeve is provided with a joint claw or a joint hole or a jaw joint surface, and an axial end surface of the gear shaft has a gap or a gap with an axial end surface of the output shaft The axial axis and the axial end are provided with a convex column and a hollow cavity assembly bearing disposed at one end of the output shaft, and the axis line of the gear shaft coincides with the axis line of the output shaft, and one end of the output shaft is fixedly coupled with the moving joint sleeve or The separated large combined gear, the large combined gear meshes with the second pinion fixed at one end of the transmission auxiliary shaft, and the other end of the transmission auxiliary shaft is equipped with a large gear through the one-way clutch, and the large gear meshes with the fixed pinion gear of the gear shaft shaft, the pinion gear The diameter of the gear is smaller than the diameter of the large combined gear, the diameter of the large gear is larger than the diameter of the second pinion, the gear shaft is the power input shaft, and the output shaft is the power output shaft;

The third-speed three-axis constant meshing gear transmission system is a small sliding gear equipped with a gear shaft assembly of a shifting mechanism execution system and a second large gear fixed with a transmission gear shaft, and a large sliding gear assembled with the gear shaft Engaging with a second pinion fixed to the transmission gear shaft, the middle portion of the transmission gear shaft has a second shifting mechanism execution system, and the second small sliding gear assembled with the transmission gear shaft meshes with the large gear fixed by the auxiliary shaft, and transmits a second large sliding gear assembled with the gear shaft meshes with a pinion fixed by the countershaft, a gear ratio of the small sliding gear and the second large gear, and a gear ratio of the large sliding gear and the second pinion gear respectively to the second small sliding gear and The gear ratio of the large gear is the same as or different from the gear ratio of the second large sliding gear and the pinion, the gear shaft is the power input shaft, and the counter shaft is the power output shaft.

The transmission type epicyclic gear train gear transmission system is a gear shifting shaft device having a shifting mechanism execution system, and intermittently sliding on the gear position shaft Fitted with a small sun gear and a large sun gear, the small sun gear and the large sun gear are provided with a joint claw or a joint hole or a jaw joint surface, and a small joint between the small sun wheel and the large sun wheel is equipped with a moving joint sleeve, and the movable joint sleeve is arranged. Through the intermittent cooperation of the spline and the gear shaft, the small sun gear meshes with the large planetary gear assembled by the planet carrier and meshes with the large internal gear fixed by the casing, and the large sun gear meshes with the small planet gear assembled by the carrier simultaneously with the casing The fixed small internal spur meshing is engaged with a bearing between the inner circular surface of the hollow shaft fixed in the middle of the planetary carrier and the outer circular surface at one end of the gear shaft. The diameter of the small sun gear is smaller than the diameter of the large sun gear, and the large planetary gear The diameter is larger than the diameter of the small planet wheel, the inner diameter of the large ring gear is larger than the inner diameter of the small ring gear, the gear shaft or the active sleeve is the power input member, the hollow shaft is the power output shaft, and the active sleeve is passed through the spiral The sleeve is sleeved on the sliding sleeve, and the sliding sleeve is sleeved on the gear shaft by splines or spiral teeth.

The hub-type epicyclic gear train gear transmission system is an acceleration type epicyclic gear train transmission system or a reduction type epicyclic gear train gear transmission system.

The accelerating epicyclic gear train gear transmission system is a transmission shaft sleeve device having a shifting mechanism execution system, wherein one end of the driven frame is fixed with an inner ring gear and protrudes into an outer ring groove at one end of the moving joint sleeve, the inner ring gear Intermittent sliding fit with the moving joint sleeve, the movable joint sleeve is intermittently matched with the fixed shaft by the spline, the sun wheel intermittently slides and fits on the fixed shaft, and the one-way clutch is arranged between the driven sleeve and the hub, the driven sleeve and the carrier Fixed, the fixed axle of the planet carrier is equipped with a planetary wheel through a bearing, the planetary gear meshes with the fixed internal gear of the hub and simultaneously meshes with the sun gear, and the driven sleeve is sleeved on the sliding sleeve through the spline intermittently, and the sliding sleeve passes through the helical tooth The intermittent fit is sleeved on the active sleeve, and the inner ring gear provided at one end of the driven sleeve extends into the outer ring groove provided by the active sleeve, and the active sleeve is mounted on the fixed shaft through the bearing, the active sleeve is a power input member, and the hub is a power output. Piece

The deceleration type epicyclic gear train gear transmission system is a transmission shaft sleeve device having a shifting mechanism execution system, wherein one end or inner circular surface of the driven frame is fixed with a moving joint sleeve, and the movable joint sleeve is sleeved on the driven sleeve by a spline. The driven sleeve is intermittently fitted with a carrier, and one end of the carrier is intermittently slidably engaged with the outer circular surface of one end of the externally fixed sun gear of the hub. The planetary carrier is rotatably fitted with a gear shaft, and one end of the gear shaft is fixed with an asteroid. The other end of the gear shaft is equipped with a large planetary wheel through a one-way clutch, the large planetary wheel meshes with the external toothed pin fixed by the driven sleeve, the small planetary wheel meshes with the external tooth sun gear fixed by the wheel hub, and the outer gear sun gear shaft The combination of the end face and the moving joint sleeve realizes the combination or separation of the transmission, and the driven sleeve is sleeved on the sliding sleeve through the spline intermittently, and the sliding sleeve is intermittently fitted on the active sleeve by the helical teeth, and the internal teeth provided at one end of the driven sleeve The ring extends into the outer ring groove provided by the active sleeve. The diameter of the large planet wheel is larger than the diameter of the small planet wheel. The active sleeve is the power input member, and the hub is the power output member.

The shifting mechanism execution system is respectively a jacket type torque shifting mechanism execution system or a steel ball ramp type speed shifting mechanism execution system or a flyweight cranking inner fork type speed shifting mechanism execution system or a fly hammer cranking out dialing a fork type speed shifting mechanism executing system, wherein the jacket type torque shifting mechanism executing system is an inner sleeve of the active sleeve intermittently slidingly fitted on the outer ring groove of the gear shaft shaft, and the active sleeve is intermittently fitted with the spiral sleeve by the spiral sleeve Upper, the sliding sleeve is intermittently fitted on the gear shaft by a spline or a spiral tooth, and the sliding sleeve is matched between the inner gear and the fixed shaft of the gear shaft, and an axial end face of the sliding sleeve and the gear shaft are blocked. A compression return spring is arranged between the crucibles, and a return spring is sleeved on the gear shaft. One end of the sliding sleeve is fixed with a curved arm, and the force arm is provided with a sliding tooth, and the sliding tooth extends into the groove of the active frame. The control frame is fixed on the gear shaft with the external spline through the internal spline and the circlip or the positioning cymbal. The movement of the active frame can reverse the movement of the driven frame, thereby switching the gear position in the gear transmission system. ;

The steel ball ramp type speed shifting mechanism execution system is a gear shaft fixed by a spline and a positioning ring, the sleeve is symmetrically fixed with a steel ball tube, the steel ball tube is equipped with a steel ball, and the steel ball tube is provided with a slope The opening through which the claw passes, the opening is set at the center position of the steel ball tube, the axial line of the steel ball tube is perpendicular or inclined to the axis line of the gear shaft, and the inclined claw is fixed on the inner circular surface of the afterburner, afterburning One end of the crucible fixes the arm, the arm is fixed to the moving frame, the moving frame is intermittently fitted on the gear shaft by the spline, and a compression return spring is arranged between the moving frame and the sleeve, and the return spring is sleeved in the gear position. On the shaft, one end of the force arm is fixed with a claw, and the claw extends into the groove of the active frame, and the movement of the active frame can reverse the movement of the driven frame, thereby switching the gear position in the gear gear transmission system;

The flywheel cranking inner fork type speed changing mechanism execution system is a gear shaft fixed by a spline and a positioning sleeve, the sleeve is symmetrically fixed with a lug, and each of the two lugs is provided with a long shape The hole, the elongated hole of the seat and the elongated hole of the gear shaft pass through, the crank device is between the two lugs and passes through the elongated hole, the crank and the lug are movably connected through the pin, and the end of the crank is fixed There is a flying hammer, the other end is provided with a large fork, and each side of the large fork is provided with a small fork, and the large fork is arranged on the guide rod of the hollow chamber of the gear shaft shaft, and the small fork is at On the shaft fixed at one end of the guide rod, two symmetrical forks are arranged on the shaft of the guide rod, and the second pin shaft is assembled in the pin hole of the other end of the guide rod, and the second pin shaft passes through the shift shaft The elongated hole is fixed to the active frame, and the two ends of the second pin are fixed in the two pin holes in the middle of the active frame, the return spring is sleeved on the gear shaft, and the return spring is compressed between the sleeve and the active frame. The movement of the active frame can reverse the movement of the driven frame, thereby switching the gear position in the gear shifting transmission system;

The flyweight cranking outer fork type speed changing mechanism execution system is a gear shaft fixed by a spline and a positioning sleeve, the sleeve is symmetrically fixed with a lug, and each lug passes through the elongated shape of the crank The hole is movably connected by a pin, a fly hammer is fixed at one end of the crank, and a large fork is arranged at the other end, and a small fork is arranged on each side of the big fork, and the large fork is a semicircular fork radially outside the gear shaft. On both sides of the circle, the two small forks are respectively forked on the shafts fixed by the two moving rods. The two symmetrical forks are on the shaft of the moving rod, and the middle part of the moving rod is fixed with the urging force, and the force is trapped in the shaft. On the outer circumference of the return spring, the return spring is sleeved on the gear shaft, the return spring is compressed between the sleeve and the active frame, and the other end of the moving rod is fixed to the active frame, and the movement of the active frame can be driven. The frame moves in the opposite direction, thereby switching the gear position in the gear shifting system.

The shifting mechanism execution system is an inner sleeve type torque shifting mechanism execution system, the active sleeve is fixed with a damper, and a compression return spring is arranged between the dam and the sliding sleeve, and the return spring is sleeved on the active sleeve, The inner ring gear disposed at one end of the movable sleeve extends into the outer ring groove provided by the active sleeve, and the driven sleeve is provided with at least two elongated holes, and the sliding sleeve is provided with a screw hole at a position corresponding to the elongated hole, and the bolt passes through The fixing jaw and the sleeve are fixed on the sliding sleeve through the screw hole, and a gap is left between the fixing jaw and the driven sleeve, and at least two curved corner force arms are fixed symmetrically on the fixing jaw, and the claws of the force arm are extended To the groove of the active frame, the movement of the active frame causes the follower to move in the opposite direction, thereby switching the gear position in the gear shifting system.

The shifting mechanism execution system further includes a reverse acting device, which is a pawl type outer reverse acting device or a claw type inner reverse acting device or a sliding shaft type outer reverse acting device or sliding Shaft type reverse action device,

The guide claw type external reverse action device is that two outer sliding teeth of the active frame are respectively assembled between each two of the four guide claws of the control frame, and two outer sliding teeth of the active frame are assembled on the driven frame. Between the two inner sliding teeth, each of the guiding claws is respectively fixed with two outer blocking blocks and two inner blocking blocks, and the inner side surface between the two outer blocking blocks can be positioned and contacted with the axial end surface of the driven frame, The inner side between the inner blocks can be positioned in contact with the axial end surface of the active frame, one end of the spring is assembled with the spring seat of the active frame, and the other end is assembled with the second spring seat of the driven frame, the spring seat or the second spring The seats are respectively disposed at the intermediate plane between the two end faces of the active frame or the driven frame which are axially reciprocated and effectively contacted, and the control frame, the active frame, the driven frame and the spring are axially symmetrically arranged, and the moving path of the active frame is arranged. The moving stroke of the follower frame is larger, and the spring is a waist drum type compression spring;

The guide claw type inner reverse action device is that two inner sliding teeth of the active frame and two outer sliding teeth of the driven frame are respectively assembled between each two of the four guide claws fixed by the control frame, and the driven frame The two outer sliding teeth are assembled between the two inner sliding teeth of the active frame, and each guiding claw is respectively fixed with two outer blocking blocks and two inner blocking blocks, and the inner side between the two outer blocking blocks can be combined with The axial end face of the active frame is contacted and positioned, and the inner side surface between the two inner blocks can be in contact with the axial end surface of the driven frame, one end of the spring is assembled with the spring seat of the active frame, and the other end is connected with the spring frame of the driven frame. The two spring seat assembly, the control frame, the active frame, the driven frame and the spring are axially symmetrically arranged, and the moving stroke of the active frame is larger than the moving stroke of the driven frame;

The sliding shaft type external reverse action device is that two outer sliding sleeves of the active frame are respectively assembled on two inner sliding shafts of the control frame, and the active frame is assembled in a circle of the driven frame, and two of the driven frame are The sliding sleeves are respectively assembled on the two outer sliding shafts of the control frame, the outer sliding sleeve is provided with a spring seat, the inner sliding sleeve is provided with a second spring seat, and the inner sliding shaft or the outer sliding shaft are respectively fixed with two blocking surfaces, respectively The one stop surface can be positioned in contact with the axial end surface of the driven frame or the active frame, one end of the spring is assembled with the spring seat of the active frame, and the other end is assembled with the second spring seat of the driven frame, and the spring seat or the second spring seat respectively The position of the intermediate plane between the two end faces of the active frame or the driven frame that is axially reciprocated and effectively contacted and positioned, the control frame, the active frame, the driven frame and the spring are axially symmetrically arranged, and the moving stroke ratio of the active frame is The moving stroke of the moving frame is large, and the spring is a waist drum-shaped compression spring;

The sliding shaft type inner reverse action device is that two inner sliding sleeves of the active frame are respectively assembled on two outer sliding shafts of the control frame, and the active frame is assembled on the outer side of the driven frame, and the two outer sliding frames of the driven frame The sleeves are respectively assembled on the two inner sliding shafts of the control frame, and the outer sliding shaft or the inner sliding shaft are respectively fixed with two blocking surfaces, and each of the blocking surfaces can be positioned and contacted with the axial end surface of the driven frame or the active frame, the spring One end with The spring seat of the active frame is assembled, and the other end is assembled with the second spring seat of the driven frame. The control frame, the active frame, the driven frame and the spring are axially symmetrically arranged, and the moving stroke of the active frame is larger than the moving stroke of the driven frame. .

The multi-axis constant meshing gear transmission system may also be a four-speed three-axis constant meshing gear transmission system or a transmission auxiliary shaft type multi-axis constant meshing gear transmission system or a transmission gear shaft type multi-axis constant meshing gear transmission system.

The four-speed three-axis constant meshing gear transmission system is a small sliding gear on a gear shaft equipped with a jacket type torque shifting mechanism execution system, and a second large gear fixed on the transmission gear shaft, on the gear shaft The assembled large sliding gear meshes with a second pinion fixed on the transmission gear shaft, and the middle portion of the transmission gear shaft has a second shifting mechanism execution system, and the second small sliding gear and the countershaft of the transmission gear shaft assembly The fixed large gear meshing, the second large sliding gear of the transmission gear shaft assembly meshes with the fixed pinion gear on the countershaft, the transmission ratio of the small sliding gear and the second large gear gear, and the transmission ratio of the large sliding gear and the second pinion gear The transmission ratios of the second small sliding gear and the large gear are respectively different from the transmission ratios of the second large sliding gear and the small gear, the gear shaft is a power input shaft, and the secondary shaft is a power output shaft;

The transmission auxiliary shaft multi-axis constant mesh gear transmission system is a gear shaft equipped with a steel ball inclined surface speed shifting mechanism execution system or a cranking outer fork type speed shifting mechanism execution system, wherein the driven frame and the synchronous system The joint sleeve is connected or fixed with the movable joint sleeve, and the joint surface of the joint sleeve can axially move an axial end of the projecting gear shaft, and the joint surface of the movable joint sleeve is provided with a joint claw or a joint hole or a jaw joint surface. One end of the gear shaft has a gap with one end of the transmission gear shaft or one end of the gear shaft is provided with a boss and a hollow cavity assembly bearing disposed at one end of the transmission gear shaft, the shaft axis of the gear shaft and the transmission gear The shaft axis of the bit shaft coincides, and one end of the transmission gear shaft is fixed with a large combined gear combined with or separated from the moving joint sleeve, and the large combined gear meshes with the second pinion gear fixed at one end of the transmission auxiliary shaft, and the other end of the transmission auxiliary shaft passes The one-way clutch is equipped with a large gear, the large gear meshes with the fixed pinion gear of the gear position shaft, and the third pinion gear is fixed between the large combined gear of the transmission gear position shaft and the second shifting mechanism execution system, The second follower frame in the shifting mechanism execution system is coupled to the second synchronizer sleeve or fixed to the second movable joint sleeve, and the joint surface of the second movable joint sleeve is axially movable to one end of the protruding transmission gear shaft. The joint surface of the second moving joint sleeve is provided with a joint claw or a joint hole or a jaw joint surface, and one end of the transmission gear shaft is provided with a convex column and a hollow cavity assembly bearing disposed at one end of the power output shaft, and the shaft of the transmission gear shaft is arranged. The core line coincides with the axis line of the output shaft, and one end of the output shaft is fixed with a second large combined gear coupled or separated from the second moving joint sleeve, and the second large combined gear is fixed to the fourth small end of the second transmission auxiliary shaft. The gear meshes, the other end of the second transmission auxiliary shaft is equipped with a second large gear through a one-way clutch, and the second large gear meshes with a third small gear fixed by the transmission gear shaft, the gear shaft is a power input shaft, and the output shaft is power Output shaft;

The transmission gear shaft type multi-axis constant meshing gear transmission system is d on the gear shaft equipped with the shifting mechanism execution system, and the sliding gear is meshed with the second large gear fixed on the transmission gear shaft, and the gear shaft is on the gear shaft. The assembled large sliding gear meshes with the second pinion fixed on the transmission gear shaft, the middle gear of the transmission gear shaft has a second shifting mechanism execution system, and the second small sliding gear assembled with the other end of the transmission gear shaft The third large gear mesh fixed on the second transmission gear shaft, the second large sliding gear on the transmission gear shaft meshes with the third small gear fixed on the second transmission gear shaft, and the middle device of the second transmission gear shaft There is a third shifting mechanism executing system, the third small sliding gear assembled at the other end of the second transmission gear shaft meshes with the large gear fixed by the auxiliary shaft, and the third large sliding gear on the second transmission gear shaft is fixed with the auxiliary shaft The pinion meshes, the gear shaft is the power input shaft, and the counter shaft is the power output shaft.

According to the principle and method of the above transmission connection, the multi-axis constant meshing gear transmission system may also be a transmission auxiliary shaft type multi-axis constant mesh gear transmission system or a transmission gear position shaft type multi-axis constant mesh gear transmission system.

The transmission auxiliary shaft type multi-axis constant meshing gear transmission system is equipped with a steel ball inclined surface type speed shifting mechanism execution system or a crank shaft outer fork type speed shifting mechanism execution system gear position shaft setting boss and transmission gear position The hollow cavity of the shaft is assembled with the bearing, and the large combined gear fixed by the transmission gear shaft meshes with the pinion fixed by the transmission auxiliary shaft. The transmission auxiliary shaft is equipped with a large gear through the one-way clutch, and the large gear and the gear shaft are fixed small. Gear meshing, the same gearbox shaft is equipped with a steel ball ramp type speed shifting mechanism execution system or a crank-turning fork type speed shifting mechanism execution system, the transmission gear shaft is provided with a stud and the next one or more and the transmission The transmission shaft of the gear shaft and the transmission auxiliary shaft are connected by the same transmission connection one after another, and finally the output power is connected with the output shaft transmission, and automatic shifting of multiple gears can be realized; The transmission gear shaft type multi-axis constant meshing gear transmission system is two gears on a gear shaft equipped with a shifting mechanism execution system, and two gears respectively fixed to the transmission gear shaft, the transmission gear shaft The middle device has a steel ball ramp type speed shifting mechanism execution system or a cranking outer fork type speed shifting mechanism execution system, and the two sliding gears of the transmission gear shaft assembly are in turn one after another with the next one or more transmission gear positions. One drive connection is connected, and finally the output power is connected with the auxiliary shaft drive, which can realize automatic shifting of multiple gears. In the first gear, the low gear, the fourth gear or the fifth gear or the sixth gear or the seventh gear or the eight gear gears are high speed. In the transmission structure of the gear, the rigidity of the return spring in the system of the shifting mechanism of each gear is large or the total mass of the steel ball is small or the slope of the inclined surface of the inclined claw is small or the mass of the flying hammer is small, achieving high speed. The gear shifts are in turn higher than the speed required for the low gear shift. It can be used for light vehicles to achieve four automatic shifts to a dozen automatic shifts.

Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the automatic transmission of the present invention are:

1. The automatic transmission adopts the reverse action device, and its action is sensitive and reliable. The gear shift is realized by the synchronizer or the moving combination sleeve, and the gear shifting force enables the reverse action device to automatically switch the gear position when the transmission is synchronized. The continuity and stability of the power transmission are guaranteed. The reverse action device can stabilize a certain speed range in one gear position, and can be changed by acceleration or deceleration during driving. The operation is simple and flexible, and the vehicle's power and economy are improved. ;

2. The torque shifting device and the rotational speed shifting device enable the reverse acting device to quickly shift gears, which are automatically adapted to the dynamics of the mechanism to effectively improve the mechanical efficiency of the transmission;

3. The pure mechanical transmission is used to obtain the highest mechanical efficiency, which is conducive to energy saving and emission reduction, and the structure is simple. The gears, external spline gear shaft, synchronizer, mobile coupling sleeve and current use in the gear transmission system of the gear position The manual operation of the transmission is basically the same, the production inheritance is good, and the manufacturing cost is low. DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a dual-shaft second-speed shifting of an automatic transmission according to the present invention;

Figure 2 is a left side view of the reverse action device portion of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a right side view of the control frame portion of Figure 2;

4 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a three-axis four-speed shifting of the automatic transmission of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a left side view of the reverse action device portion of the gear position shaft assembly of Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a schematic view of the control frame portion of Figure 5;

Figure 7 is a right side view of Figure 6;

Figure 8 is a left side view of the operating device portion of the transmission gear position shaft of Figure 4;

9 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a four-axis four-speed shifting of an automatic transmission according to the present invention;

10 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a three-axis three-speed shifting of an automatic transmission according to the present invention;

11 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of an electric vehicle second-speed shifting drive wheel of the automatic transmission of the present invention;

12 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of an electric vehicle rear axle second-speed variable speed motor of the automatic transmission of the present invention;

Figure 13 is a schematic structural view showing an embodiment of the second-speed shifting of the acceleration hub of the automatic transmission of the present invention;

Figure 14 is a left side view of the portion of the reverse action device of the slave package of Figure 13;

Figure 15 is a right side view of the control frame portion of Figure 14;

Figure 16 is a schematic structural view showing an embodiment of a second-speed shifting of a reduction hub of the automatic transmission of the present invention;

Figure 17 is a block diagram showing the construction of a five-axis three-speed shifting of the automatic transmission of the present invention. detailed description

1, 2 and 3, is an embodiment of the dual-shaft second-speed shifting of the automatic transmission of the present invention. The gear shaft 1 is fitted into the casing 24 via a bearing 23, and a gear type torque shifting mechanism execution system is mounted on the gear shaft. The operating device 9 is an inner sleeve 5 of the active sleeve 3 intermittently slidingly fitted on the outer ring groove 4 of the gear shaft shaft, and the active sleeve is intermittently fitted with the spiral teeth. On the movable sleeve 2, the sliding sleeve is sleeved on the gear shaft by intermittently engaging with the spline, and the sliding sleeve is arranged between the internal gear and the yoke 7 disposed on the gear shaft, and the sliding sleeve and the dam are compressed. The return spring 8 and the return spring are sleeved on the gear shaft, and the right end of the sliding sleeve is fixed to the active frame 10 in the reverse acting device 12 through the connecting frame 104. The two outer sliding teeth 101 of the active frame are respectively mounted between each two of the four guiding claws 131 of the control frame 13. The two outer sliding teeth of the active frame are assembled on the two inner sliding teeth 111 of the driven frame 11. Between the two, each of the guide claws is respectively fixed with two outer blocks 132 and two inner blocks 133, and the inner side between the two outer blocks can be positioned in contact with the axial end surface of the driven frame, and two inner blocks The inner side surface between the blocks can be positioned in contact with the axial end surface of the active frame, one end of the spring 29 is assembled with the spring seat 102 of the active frame, and the other end is assembled with the second spring seat 112 of the driven frame, and the spring is selected from a waist drum type compression spring. The moving travel of the active frame is 6 mm larger than the moving stroke of the driven frame.

The inner spline of the control frame cooperates with the external spline of the gear position shaft and is fixed by the positioning ring 22. The movement of the active frame can reverse the movement of the driven frame, and the driven frame is switched by the transmission switching device 17 in the gear gear transmission system. The gear position of the outer ring groove of the driven frame is equipped with a passive shift fork 16 , the passive shift fork is fixed to the left end of the guide rod 15 , the guide rod gap fits through the sleeve 18 , and the sleeve is fixed in the casing, The shifting fork 14 is fixed to the right end of the guide rod, and the shifting fork cooperates with the coupling sleeve of the synchronizer 19 equipped with the shifting shaft. The synchronizer can switch the shifting of the shifting shaft with the small sliding gear 20 and the shifting shaft with the large sliding gear 21 or Separating, the small sliding gear mounted on the gear shaft meshes with the large gear 26 fixed by the counter shaft 25, and the large sliding gear mounted on the gear shaft meshes with the pinion gear 27 fixed on the counter shaft, and the diameter of the small sliding gear is large. The diameter of the gear is small, and the diameter of the large gear is larger than the diameter of the pinion. The power input gear 6 is fixed to the active sleeve, and the power output gear 28 is fixed to the countershaft. The first gear shown in Fig. 1 is engaged and can be assembled as a two-speed automatic transmission in a light-duty vehicle.

As shown in Figures 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8, there is an embodiment of a three-axis four-speed shift. The gear shaft 1 is equipped with a jacket type torque shifting mechanism execution system, wherein the operating device 9 is an active sleeve 3 which is intermittently fitted on the sliding sleeve 1 by a helical tooth, and the sliding sleeve is sleeved on the gear shaft by a spline. The right end of the sliding sleeve is fixed to the active frame 10 in the reverse action device 12 through the connecting frame 104, and the connecting frame passes through the outer circular edge of the return spring 8, and the two outer sliding sleeves 103 of the active frame are respectively mounted on the control frame 13 On the two inner sliding shafts 134, the active frame is assembled in the circular cymbal of the driven frame 11, and the two inner sliding sleeves 11 3 of the driven frame are respectively mounted on the two outer sliding shafts 1 35 of the control frame, the control frame The left part is a detachable and fixed attachment frame 137. The inner sliding shaft and the outer sliding shaft are respectively fixed with two blocking surfaces 136, and each blocking surface can be positioned in contact with the axial end surface of the driven frame or the active frame, and the magazine is placed. One end of 29 is assembled with the spring seat 102 of the active frame, and the other end is assembled with the second spring seat 112 of the driven frame, and the spring seat and the second spring seat are respectively disposed on the active frame and the driven frame for axial reciprocating movement and effective contact positioning. Position of the intermediate plane between the two axial end faces The control frame, the active frame, the driven frame and the spring are axially symmetrically arranged, and the moving stroke of the active frame is larger than the moving stroke of the driven frame, and the outer ring groove of the driven frame is equipped with the passive dialing in the transmission switching device 17. The fork 16, the synchronizer 19 in the transmission switching device can switch the engagement or disengagement of the gear shaft with the small sliding gear 20 and the gear shaft and the large sliding gear 21, and the small sliding gear of the gear shaft assembly is fixed with the transmission gear shaft 30 The second large gear 261 is engaged, and the large sliding gear of the gear shaft assembly meshes with the second pinion 271 fixed to the transmission gear shaft. The middle part of the transmission gear shaft has a steel ball ramp type speed shifting mechanism execution system, and the external spline of the transmission gear shaft cooperates with the inner spline of the sleeve 31 in the second operating device 91 and is fixed by the positioning clamp. The seat is symmetrically arranged with a through-hole steel ball tube 32, which is provided with a steel ball 33, the steel ball is in contact with the inclined claw 36, the steel ball tube and the transmission gear shaft, and the steel ball tube is provided with an opening through which the inclined claw passes, and the opening is set in the steel The center position of the ball tube, the axis line of the steel ball tube is perpendicular to the axis line of the transmission gear axis, the bevel claw is fixed on the inner circular surface of the afterburner 35, and the right side fixed force arm 37 is applied The arm is fixed to the moving frame 34, and the moving frame is sleeved on the transmission gear shaft by the spline intermittently, and the compressed second return spring 81 is arranged between the moving frame and the sleeve, and the second return spring is sleeved in the transmission position. On the shaft, the right end of the force arm is provided with a finger 371, the finger extends into the groove of the second active frame 105 in the second reverse action device 121, and the movement of the second active frame enables the second follower frame 114 Reverse movement, the second follower is shifted by the second transmission switching device 171 .

A groove parallel to the axis line and symmetrically distributed is arranged on the transmission gear shaft, and a sliding rod 3S is arranged in the groove, and a gap is left between the sliding rod and the inner circular surface of the second small sliding gear 201, the sliding rod The left end is connected with the second driven frame, the right end is connected with the moving joint sleeve 39, the two ends of the sliding bar are outwardly convexly bent, the second driven frame is provided with an inner ring groove, and the moving combined sleeve is provided with an outer ring groove. Second from The movable frame and the moving joint sleeve are respectively provided with nicks symmetrically, and the cranks are installed in the notches, and the cranks at both ends of the sliding bar respectively extend into the inner ring groove and the outer ring groove, and the notched round surface of the inner ring groove and the crank 381 A circlip 221 is disposed between the notch round surface of the outer ring groove and the crank ring, and a second circlip 222 is disposed between the notch round surface of the outer ring groove, and the opening of the circlip spring and the second circlip spring are respectively placed on the inner ring groove and the outer ring groove Wherein, the reciprocating movement of the movable coupling sleeve can switch the transmission connection between the transmission gear position shaft and the second small sliding gear 201 and the transmission gear shaft and the second large sliding gear 211, and the second small sliding gear 201 assembled with the transmission gear shaft is The large gear 26 fixed by the counter shaft 25 is meshed, and the second large sliding gear 211 assembled with the transmission gear shaft meshes with the pinion gear 27 fixed by the counter shaft, and the power input gear 6 is fixed to the driving sleeve 3 at the left end of the gear position shaft 1 A power output gear 28 is fixed to the right end of the shaft. The diameter of the small sliding gear is smaller than the diameter of the large sliding gear, the diameter of the second small sliding gear is smaller than the diameter of the second large sliding gear, the diameter of the large gear is larger than the diameter of the small gear, and the diameter of the second large gear is smaller than the second The pinion has a large diameter. The first gear shown in Fig. 4 is in an engaged state, and can be assembled as a four-speed automatic transmission in a motorcycle or a hybrid vehicle. Realize torque shifting at high loads and improve engine or motor operation. For example, solve the problem of starting a car and climbing a black smoke.

As shown in Fig. 9, it is an embodiment of a four-axis four-speed shift. A steel ball ramp type speed shifting mechanism execution system is assembled on the gear shaft 1, including an operating device 9, a reverse acting device 12, a transmission switching device 17, a small sliding gear 20 and a transmission gear shaft 30 assembled to the gear shaft 1 The upper fixed second large gear 261 is engaged, the large sliding gear 21 of the gear position shaft is engaged with the second small gear 271 fixed on the transmission gear shaft; the middle device of the transmission gear shaft has the second operating device 91, the second a reverse action device 121, a second drive switching device 171, wherein the follower frame 11 is provided with a pin 47, the pin shaft passes through the radial elongated hole 401 of the transmission gear shaft and the axial hollow cavity 40, the middle of the pin shaft Passing through the pin hole of the left end of the guide rod 15, the guide rod is mounted in the hollow cavity of the gear shaft, and the pin shaft hole at the right end of the guide rod is equipped with a second pin shaft 471, and the second pin shaft passes through the path of the gear shaft The long hole is fixed to the moving joint sleeve 39, and the two ends of the second pin shaft are fixed in the two pin shaft holes in the middle of the moving joint sleeve; the second small sliding gear 201 assembled with the transmission gear shaft and the second transmission gear position The third large gear 262 fixed by the shaft 301 is meshed and driven The second large sliding gear 211 of the gear shaft assembly is meshed with the third pinion gear 272 fixed by the second transmission gear shaft. The middle portion of the second transmission gear shaft has a third operating device 92 and a third reverse acting device 122. The third transmission switching device 172, the third small sliding gear 202 of the second transmission gear shaft is engaged with the large gear 26 fixed by the counter shaft 25, and the third large sliding gear 212 and the counter shaft of the second transmission gear shaft assembly. The fixed pinion 27 is meshed, the gear shaft 1 is fixed with a power input gear 6, and the counter shaft is fixed with a power output gear 28. In the transmission structure in which the first gear is the low gear and the fourth gear is the high gear, the return spring in the third operating device 92 is more rigid than the return spring in the second operating device 91, and the second operating device 91 is back. The position spring is more rigid than the return spring in the operating device 9. The diameter of the small sliding gear is smaller than the diameter of the large sliding gear, the diameter of the second small sliding gear is smaller than the diameter of the second large sliding gear, and the diameter of the third small sliding gear is smaller than the diameter of the third large sliding gear, the large gear The diameter is larger than the diameter of the pinion gear, the diameter of the second large gear is larger than the diameter of the second pinion gear, and the diameter of the third large gear is larger than the diameter of the third pinion gear. The first gear shown in Figure 9 is engaged, and can be used as a four-speed automatic transmission for electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, and small fuel vehicles.

As shown in Fig. 10, it is an embodiment of a three-axis three-speed shift. The gear shaft 1 is equipped with a flyweight crank and an external fork type speed shifting mechanism execution system, wherein the operating device 9 is a gear shaft shaft through a spline and a positioning jaw fixing sleeve 31, and the sleeve is symmetrically fixed with two a lug 41, each lug passing through the through hole of the curved portion of the bell crank 42 and movably connected by a pin 47, the left end of the crank is fixed with a flying hammer 44, and the other end is provided with a semicircular large fork 43, a large fork Each side of the pair is provided with a small fork 45, the large fork is on both sides of the radial outer circle of the gear shaft, the small fork is on the fixed shaft 48 of the left end of the moving rod 46, and the two forks are symmetrically arranged on the moving rod On the shaft, the middle of the moving rod is fixed with the force ring 35, the force is applied to the outer circle of the return spring 8, the return spring is sleeved on the gear shaft, and the return spring is compressed on the sleeve and the active frame. Between 10, the other end of the moving rod is fixed to the active frame, and the movement of the active frame allows the reverse acting device 12 to force the moving coupling sleeve 39 in the transmission switching device 17 to switch the gear shaft with the small sliding gear 20 and the gear shaft. The transmission connection of the large sliding gear 21, the small sliding gear assembled on the gear shaft and the fixed gear shaft 30 The second large gear 261 is meshed, and the large sliding gear assembled by the gear position shaft meshes with the second small gear 271 fixed on the transmission gear shaft, and the middle portion of the transmission gear shaft has a fly hammer cranking inner fork type speed changing mechanism The second operating device 91 includes a second operating device 91, a second reverse acting device 121, and a second driving switching device 171. The transmission gear shaft is fixed to the second sleeve 310 by a spline and a positioning clamp. The second sleeve is symmetrically fixed. Four a lug, an elongated hole is formed between each of the two lugs, the elongated hole of the second sleeve is penetrated with the radial elongated hole 401 of the transmission gear shaft, and the second crank 421 is disposed on the two lugs Between and through the elongated hole, the second crank is movably connected to the lug through the pin, the second crank has a flying hammer fixed at one end, and a large fork at the other end, and a small fork on each side of the large fork The large fork is on the guide rod 15 of the device in the axial hollow cavity 40 of the transmission gear shaft, the small fork is fixed on the second shaft 481 fixed at the left end of the guide rod, and the two second curved symmetrical forks are arranged on the guide rod On the second shaft, the pin shaft hole at the right end of the guide rod is equipped with a second pin shaft 471, and the second pin shaft is fixed to the second active frame 105 through the radial elongated hole of the transmission gear shaft, the second time The position spring 81 is sleeved on the transmission gear shaft and compressed between the second sleeve and the second active frame, and the movement of the second active frame can reversely move the follower frame to force the second mobile coupling sleeve 391 to switch the gear position. Gear position in the gear drive system.

The second small sliding gear 201 assembled with the transmission gear shaft meshes with the large gear 26 fixed on the counter shaft 25, and the second large sliding gear 211 assembled with the transmission gear shaft meshes with the pinion gear 27 fixed by the counter shaft, and the small sliding gear The diameter is smaller than the diameter of the large sliding gear, the diameter of the second small sliding gear is smaller than the diameter of the second large sliding gear, the diameter of the large gear is larger than the diameter of the small gear, and the diameter of the second large gear is larger than the diameter of the second small gear Large, the gear axis is the power input shaft, and the counter shaft is the power output shaft. The first gear shown in Fig. 10 is engaged, and can be used as a three-speed automatic transmission for motorcycles and hybrid vehicles.

As shown in Fig. 11, it is an embodiment of an electric vehicle second-speed shifting drive wheel. A gear ball ramp type speed shifting mechanism execution system is arranged on the gear shaft 1 in the motor casing of the electric vehicle, and there are an operating device 9, a reverse acting device 12, and a transmission switching device 17, wherein the driven frame 11 and The movable joint sleeve 39 is fixed, and the movable joint sleeve can move the right end of the protruding gear shaft to the right, the right end of the movable joint sleeve is provided with the jaw joint surface, and the right end of the gear shaft is provided with the hollow cylinder assembled by the left end of the output shaft 53 The bearing rotates and cooperates, the gear shaft coincides with the axis of the output shaft, the left end of the output shaft is fixed with a large combined gear 263 combined with or separated from the moving joint sleeve, and the second combined gear is fixed with the second pinion fixed to the right end of the transmission auxiliary shaft 52. 271 meshing, the left end of the transmission auxiliary shaft is equipped with a large gear 26 through a one-way clutch, the large gear meshes with the fixed pinion 27 of the gear shaft, the left end of the gear shaft is fixed with the center portion of the motor rotor 56, and the motor coil 51 is fixed at the machine. Inside the casing 24, the right end of the output shaft extends from the shaft hole of the casing and is fixed to the driving wheel 50, and the bearing 23 is fitted between the output shaft and the shaft hole of the casing and the gearbox 57, Car frame fork 49 is fixed by a seal surface 55 by a bolt and the housing encapsulating the lubricating oil to the right. The diameter of the pinion gear is smaller than the diameter of the large combined gear, and the diameter of the large gear is larger than the diameter of the second pinion. The first gear shown in Figure 11 is in the engaged state, which facilitates the start and climb of the electric vehicle and improves the mechanical efficiency of the motor.

As shown in Fig. 12, it is an embodiment of a second-speed variable speed motor for an electric vehicle rear axle. A gear ball ramp type speed shifting mechanism execution system is arranged on the gear shaft 1 in the motor casing of the electric vehicle rear axle, and there are an operating device 9, a reverse acting device 12, a transmission switching device 17, and a driven frame. The mobile coupling sleeve 39 is connected, and the shifting shaft is intermittently slidably fitted with a small sun gear 203 and a large sun gear 21 3 . The small sun gear and the large sun gear are provided with a coupling hole, and the small sun gear and the large sun gear are assembled. There is a movable joint sleeve, and the movable joint sleeve is intermittently matched with the gear shaft through the spline. The axial ends of the movable joint sleeve are provided with joint claws, and the large planetary gears 64 assembled with the gear shaft 61 fixed by the small sun gear and the carrier 60 are assembled. The meshing meshes with the large internal gear 62 fixed to the casing 24, and the large sun gear meshes with the small planet gear 59 assembled by the carrier while meshing with the small internal gear 63 fixed by the casing, and the hollow shaft 58 fixed in the middle of the carrier A bearing is disposed between the inner circular surface and the outer circular surface of the right end of the gear shaft. The left end of the gear shaft is fixed to the center portion of the motor rotor 56, and the motor coil 51 is fixed to the gearbox 57 provided in the casing 24, and the shifting speed is adopted. Left end of the box By encapsulating the lubricating oil seal bore 55, the diameter of the small sun gear is smaller than the diameter of the sun wheel, planet wheel diameter larger than the diameter of the wheel asteroid, a large inner diameter larger than the inner teeth rings of the rings of teeth of the small inner diameter. The first gear shown in Fig. 12 is in the engaged state, and can be assembled on the electric tricycle and the electric sedan. The casing and the rear axle housing are sealed and fixed, and the driven gear of the main shaft and the rear axle differential can be fixed on the hollow shaft. In particular, it is also convenient to reverse the motor to achieve reverse rotation.

As shown in Figs. 13, 14, and 15, it is an embodiment of the second-speed shifting of the acceleration hub. The transmission bushing device has an inner sleeve torque shifting mechanism execution system, and is composed of an operating device 9, a reverse acting device 12 and a transmission switching device 17. The left end of the active sleeve 3 is fixed with a retaining ring 7, a retaining ring and a sliding sleeve 2 The compressed return spring 8 is mounted, and the return spring is sleeved on the active sleeve. The inner toothed ring 5 disposed at the right end of the driven sleeve 70 extends into the outer ring groove provided by the active sleeve, and the driven sleeve is provided with two Radial elongated hole 401, sliding sleeve Two crank-shaped force arms 37 are symmetrically fixed, and the finger 371 provided by the force arm extends into the groove of the active frame 10. The movement of the active frame can reverse the movement of the driven frame 11, and the two inner portions of the active frame The two outer sliding teeth 101 of the sliding tooth 111 and the driven frame 11 are respectively fitted between each two of the four guiding claws 1 31 fixed by the control frame 13, and the two outer sliding teeth of the driven frame are assembled on the active frame. Between the two inner sliding teeth, each of the guiding claws is respectively fixed with two outer blocking blocks 132 and two inner blocking blocks 133, and the inner side surface between the two outer blocking blocks can be in contact with the axial end surface of the active frame. The inner side between the two inner blocks can be positioned in contact with the axial end surface of the driven frame, one end of the spring 29 is assembled with the sling 102 of the active frame, and the other end is assembled with the second singer 112 of the driven frame, active The moving stroke of the frame is 4 mm larger than the moving stroke of the follower frame.

The inner circular surface of the driven frame is fixed to the outer circular surface of the inner toothed sleeve 65, and the inner toothed sleeve is sleeved on the driven sleeve 70 by intermittently engaging with the spline, and the inner tooth of the left end of the inner toothed sleeve projects into the movable joint sleeve 39. In the outer annular groove, the moving joint sleeve is sleeved on the fixed shaft 67 by the spline intermittently. The driven sleeve is fixed with a carrier 60, and the left end of the carrier is intermittently slidably engaged with the outer surface of the right end of the external sun gear 71. The left end of the carrier is fixed with a gear shaft 61. The gear shaft is equipped with a planetary gear 54 through a bearing, and the planetary gear is coupled with The inner tooth 圏 69 fixed by the hub 66 meshes with the external tooth sun gear, and the outer tooth sun wheel is intermittently slidably fitted on the fixed shaft, and the axially right end surface of the outer tooth sun gear and the left end surface of the moving joint sleeve are driven by the teeth. For the combination or separation, the active sleeve is sleeved on the right end of the fixed shaft 67 through the bearing 23 and the oil seal 55. The hub is sleeved on the left end of the fixed shaft and the right end of the active sleeve, and a one-way clutch is arranged between the outer circular surface of the driven sleeve and the hub. 68. The right end of the active sleeve is fixed to the sprocket 72, and the hub is fixed to the wheel. The first gear shown in Figure 13 is in the engaged state. When the torque is large, the hub and the sprocket rotate synchronously, and the transmission has the highest mechanical efficiency.

As shown in Fig. 16, it is an embodiment of the second-speed shifting of the reduction hub. The transmission bushing device has an inner sleeve type torque shifting mechanism execution system, wherein the operating device 9 has a retaining sleeve 7 fixed to the left end of the active sleeve 3, and a compression return spring 8 is arranged between the retaining sleeve and the sliding sleeve 2, and the returning position is The spring sleeve is sleeved on the active sleeve, and the inner toothed jaw 5 disposed at the right end of the driven sleeve 70 extends into the outer ring groove provided by the active sleeve. The driven sleeve is provided with two radial elongated holes 401, a sliding sleeve and an elongated hole. Corresponding positions are provided with screw holes, bolts are fixed to the sliding sleeve through the fixing ring 73 and the sleeve through the screw holes, and a gap is left between the fixing ring and the driven sleeve, and two cranks are fixed symmetrically on the fixed jaw The force arm 37, the finger 371 provided by the force arm protrudes into the groove of the active frame 10 in the reverse action device 12, the movement of the active frame can reverse the movement of the follower frame 11, and the control frame 13 passes the spline And the positioning ring is fixed on the driven sleeve. The inner circular surface of the follower frame is fixed to the outer circular surface of the movable coupling sleeve 39 in the transmission switching device 17, and the movable coupling sleeve is sleeved on the driven sleeve 70 by splines. The driven sleeve intermittently fits and is equipped with a carrier 60. The axial left end of the carrier is intermittently slidably engaged with the outer circular surface of the right end of the external sun gear 71 fixed by the hub 66. The planetary carrier is rotatably fitted with a gear shaft 61, and the gear shaft is The left end is fixed with a small planet gear 59. The right end of the gear shaft is equipped with a large planetary gear 64 through a one-way clutch. The large planetary gear meshes with the external gear yoke fixed by the driven sleeve, and the small planetary gear meshes with the external gear sun gear fixed by the hub. The axially right end surface of the outer tooth sun gear and the left end surface of the moving joint sleeve are combined or disengaged by the jaw engagement, and the driven sleeve is sleeved on the sliding sleeve 2 through the spline intermittently, and the sliding sleeve is intermittently fitted by the helical teeth. On the sleeve 3, the active sleeve is sleeved on the right end of the fixed shaft 67 through the bearing, the hub is sleeved on the fixed shaft and the active sleeve through the bearing, the right end of the active sleeve is fixed with the sprocket 72, the hub is fixed with the wheel, and the diameter ratio of the large planetary wheel is small. The diameter of the planet wheel is large. The first gear shown in Fig. 16 is in the engaged state, which is the reduction transmission when the torque is large. In the case of small torque, that is, in the normal road condition, the sprocket rotates synchronously with the hub to obtain the highest transmission efficiency. An electric vehicle that can be mounted in the middle of the motor for easy start and climb, improving the mechanical efficiency of the motor.

As shown in Fig. 17, it is an embodiment of a five-axis three-speed shift. The gear shaft 1 is equipped with a steel ball ramp type speed shifting mechanism execution system, which is composed of an operating device 9, a reverse acting device 12 and a transmission switching device 17, in which the axial right end of the driven frame is fixed with the moving joint sleeve 39, The joint surface of the movable joint sleeve can axially move the right end of the protruding gear shaft, the right end of the shift joint sleeve is provided with the jaw joint surface, and the right end of the gear shaft is provided with a hollow column and a hollow cavity assembly bearing 23 disposed at the left end of the transmission gear shaft 30. The rotation fits, the shaft center line of the gear position shaft coincides with the shaft center line of the transmission gear position shaft, and the left end of the transmission gear position shaft is fixed with a large combined gear 263 combined with or separated from the moving joint sleeve, the large combined gear and the transmission auxiliary shaft 52 The second pinion 271 fixed at the right end is engaged, and the left end of the transmission auxiliary shaft is equipped with a large gear 26 through a one-way clutch, and the large gear meshes with the pinion 27 fixed to the left end of the gear shaft. A third pinion 272 is fixed between the large combined gear on the transmission gear shaft and the second steel ball ramp type speed shifting mechanism executing system, and the transmission gear shaft is in the middle The second device has a second operating device 91, a second reverse acting device 121 and a second driving switching device 171, wherein the right end of the follower frame is fixed to the second moving joint sleeve 391, and the joint surface of the second moving joint sleeve is axially Moving the right end of the protruding gear shaft, the second moving joint sleeve is provided with a jaw engaging surface at the right end, and the right end of the transmission gear shaft is provided with a boss and a hollow cavity disposed at the left end of the output shaft 5 3 is assembled with the second bearing 2 31 Cooperating, the axis line of the transmission gear shaft coincides with the axis line of the output shaft, and the second end of the output shaft is fixed with a second large combined gear 264 combined with or separated from the second moving joint sleeve, and the second largest combined gear and the second The fourth pinion gear 27 3 fixed at the right end of the transmission auxiliary shaft 521 is engaged, the left end of the second transmission auxiliary shaft is equipped with the second large gear 261 through the one-way clutch, and the second large gear meshes with the third pinion gear 272 fixed by the transmission gear shaft. . The diameter of the pinion gear is smaller than the diameter of the large combined gear, the diameter of the large gear is larger than the diameter of the second pinion, the diameter of the second large gear is larger than the diameter of the fourth pinion, and the diameter of the third pinion is larger than the second largest The diameter of the combined gear is small. The gear axis is the power input shaft and the output shaft is the power output shaft. The first gear shown in Fig. 17 is in the engaged state, and the advantage is that there is no separation state in the transmission, which ensures the continuity of the transmission shifting. The combination or separation of the toothed surface is adopted, and the moving stroke is small, so that the volume of the automatic transmission becomes small and convenient. When the light vehicle is assembled and used, the power output shaft can also be reversed, so that the two-wheeled vehicle will not be stuck when pushed backwards, which is convenient for parking the vehicle.

The shifting principle and operation process of the automatic transmission of the present invention are:

The embodiment of the three-axis four-speed shifting of the automatic transmission is illustrated, as shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 5, FIG. 6, FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, which belong to the automatic shifting of the torque and the speed, and the operating device of the gear shaft assembly. When the torque increases, the force of the helical tooth increases, forcing the sliding sleeve to slide to the right end, the return spring is compressed, the sliding bracket fixed connecting frame pushes the active frame to the right, and the active frame moves to the right relative to the control frame to make the compression The spring changes direction of the pressure of the follower frame. When the pressure direction changes from left to right to right to left, the reverse action device quickly rebounds from the right to the left, and the driven frame pushes the passive fork. The synchronizer in the transmission switching device is moved from right to left to separate the gear shaft from the large sliding gear to realize the engagement of the gear shaft with the small sliding gear. At high torque and high speed, the synchronizer switches the transmission gear to the third gear. It is the second gear; at high torque and low speed, the synchronizer switches the second gear of the transmission gear to the first gear.

The middle part of the transmission gear shaft has a steel ball ramp type speed shifting mechanism execution system. When the steel ball of the through hole steel ball tube of the second operating device increases in height, the centrifugal force increases, and the steel ball exerts a force on the inclined claw. , the inclined claw is moved axially from right to left, and the force arm moves from right to left corresponding to the moving frame, the second return spring is compressed, and the right end of the force arm makes the second reverse action device The second active frame moves, the movement of the second active frame causes the second driven frame to move in the opposite direction, and the second driven frame forces the moving combined sleeve to move from left to right. When the high torque is high, the moving combined sleeve moves the gear The second gear is switched to the third gear; at the small torque and high speed, the moving joint sleeve switches the third gear of the transmission gear to the fourth gear. The transmission ratio of the small sliding gear and the large gear and the transmission ratio of the small gear and the large sliding gear are respectively different from the transmission ratios of the second small sliding gear and the second large gear, respectively, and the transmission ratios of the second small gear and the second large sliding gear respectively Similarly, the first gear shown in Fig. 4 is in the engaged state, indicating that the automatic transmission is in an operating state of high torque and low speed.

The operation of shifting from low speed to high speed is to accelerate and then decelerate. The operation from high speed to low speed is to decelerate and then accelerate. The principle is to make the synchronizer or move the binding force in the transmission. Get eliminated and automatically shift. While the invention has been described above in connection with the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The foregoing detailed description is merely illustrative and not restrictive. Many modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these are all protected by the invention.

Claims

Rights request

An automatic transmission that is assembled in a casing or a hub or a gearbox by a bearing and is packaged with lubricating oil, and is equipped with an automatic clutch or a torque limiter or a transmission damper in the transmission connection, including gear gears The transmission system and the shifting mechanism execution system are characterized in that: the shifting mechanism execution system includes an operating device, a reverse acting device, and a transmission switching device, and the reverse acting device further includes a control frame, a movable frame, and a driven frame. , the spring, the active frame and the driven frame are elastically connected by a spring, and the active frame and the driven frame are respectively axially slidably engaged with the control frame, the sliding stroke of the active frame is larger than the sliding stroke of the driven frame, and the midpoint of the sliding stroke of the active frame The middle point of the sliding stroke of the follower frame is on the same surface, and the compressed spring is arranged between the active frame and the driven frame; the active frame is connected with the operating device, the driven frame is connected with the transmission switching device, and the driven frame is reversed. Variable speed is achieved by forcing the gear shifting system to shift gears;

2. The automatic transmission according to claim 1, wherein: said two-axis constant meshing gear transmission system is a fork type double shaft constant mesh gear transmission system or a single guide rod type double shaft constant mesh gear transmission system or more Guide rod type double shaft constant mesh gear transmission system,

The fork type double-shaft constant meshing gear transmission system is a shifting mechanism execution system of a shifting shaft device, wherein the driven frame is provided with an outer ring groove, and the outer ring groove is intermittently slidingly fitted with a passive shift fork, a passive shift fork and a guide One end of the rod is fixed, the guide rod gap is matched through the sleeve, the sleeve is fixed in the gearbox, the other end of the guide rod is fixed with a shift fork, and the fork is matched with the synchronizer sleeve or the movable joint sleeve on the gear shaft. The synchronizer or the mobile combination set is arranged between the small sliding gear on the gear shaft and the large sliding gear, and the synchronizer or the moving combination sleeve can switch the gear shaft and the small sliding gear and the gear shaft to the large sliding gear. The small sliding gear mounted on the gear shaft meshes with the large gear fixed on the counter shaft, and the large sliding gear mounted on the gear shaft meshes with the fixed pinion gear on the counter shaft, and the diameter of the small sliding gear is smaller than the diameter of the large sliding gear The diameter of the large gear is larger than the diameter of the small gear, the gear shaft is the power input shaft, and the counter shaft is the power output shaft;

The single guide type double-shaft constant meshing gear transmission system is a shifting mechanism executing system of a shifting shaft device, wherein the driven frame is provided with a pin shaft, and the pin shaft passes through the radial elongated hole and the axial direction of the gear shaft. a hollow cavity, the middle of the pin passes through a pin hole at one end of the guide rod, the guide rod is installed in the hollow cavity of the gear shaft, and the second pin shaft is assembled in the pin hole of the other end of the guide rod, and the second pin shaft passes through The radial elongated hole of the gear shaft is fixed with the moving joint sleeve, and the two ends of the second pin shaft are fixed in the two pin shaft holes in the middle of the moving joint sleeve, and the moving joint set is matched between the small sliding gear and the large sliding gear The movement of the movable joint sleeve can switch the gear shaft and the transmission connection of the small sliding gear and the gear shaft with the large sliding gear, and the small sliding gear assembled on the gear shaft meshes with the large gear fixed on the counter shaft, and the gear shaft is on the gear shaft. The assembled large sliding gear meshes with the fixed pinion on the countershaft. The diameter of the small sliding gear is smaller than the diameter of the large sliding gear, and the diameter of the large gear is larger than the diameter of the small gear. The gear shaft is the power input shaft, and the counter shaft is Power output shaft;

The plurality of guide rod type biaxial constant meshing gear transmission systems are gear shifting shaft device having a shifting mechanism execution system, and the gear shaft is provided with a groove parallel and symmetrically distributed with the shaft center line, and the groove is provided with a guide There is a gap between the rod, the guide rod and the inner circular surface of the small sliding gear or the large sliding gear. One end of the guiding rod is connected with the driven frame, and the other end is connected with the moving coupling sleeve, and both ends of the guiding rod are outwardly convex. a crank, the driven frame is provided with an inner ring groove, the moving joint sleeve is provided with an outer ring groove, and the driven frame and the moving joint sleeve are respectively symmetrically arranged with a notch, and the crank is mounted in the notch, and the cranks at the two ends of the guide bar respectively Extending into the inner ring groove and the outer ring groove, a notch round surface between the inner ring groove and the outer ring groove is respectively provided with a circlip, and the opening of the circlip is placed at the inner ring groove or the outer ring groove , mobile combination set is included Between the small sliding gear and the large sliding gear, the reciprocating movement of the moving coupling sleeve can switch the transmission connection between the gear shift shaft and the small sliding gear and the gear shaft and the large sliding gear, and the small sliding gear and the auxiliary shaft assembled on the gear shaft The fixed large gear meshes, and the large sliding gear mounted on the gear shaft meshes with the fixed pinion gear on the counter shaft. The diameter of the small sliding gear is smaller than the diameter of the large sliding gear, and the diameter of the large gear is larger than the diameter of the small gear. The bit axis is the power input shaft and the counter shaft is the power output shaft.

3. The automatic transmission according to claim 1, wherein: said multi-axis constant meshing gear transmission system is a two-speed three-axis constant meshing gear transmission system or a three-speed three-axis constant meshing gear transmission system.

4. The automatic transmission according to claim 1, wherein: said transmission type of gear train gear transmission system is a gear shifting shaft device having a shifting mechanism execution system, and the shifting shaft is intermittently slidably fitted with a small sun gear. And the big sun wheel, the small sun wheel and the big sun wheel are provided with a joint claw or a joint hole or a jaw joint surface, and the small sun wheel and the big sun wheel are equipped with a moving joint sleeve, and the moving joint sleeve passes through the spline and the gear position. The axles are intermittently matched, the small sun gear meshes with the large planetary gears assembled by the planet carrier and meshes with the large internal gears fixed by the casing, and the large sun gear meshes with the planetary gears assembled by the planet carrier and the small internal gears fixed with the casing Engagement, a bearing is arranged between the inner circular surface of the hollow shaft fixed in the middle of the planetary carrier and the outer circular surface at one end of the gear shaft. The diameter of the small sun gear is smaller than the diameter of the large sun gear, and the diameter of the large planetary gear is smaller than the small planetary gear. The diameter of the large inner ring gear is larger than the inner diameter of the small inner ring gear, the gear shaft or the active sleeve is the power input member, the hollow shaft is the power output shaft, and the active sleeve is sleeved on the sliding sleeve by the spiral tooth sleeve. , The sliding sleeve is threaded onto the gear shaft by splines or spiral teeth.

The automatic transmission according to claim 1, wherein: the hub type epicyclic gear train transmission system is an acceleration type epicyclic gear train transmission system or a reduction type epicyclic gear train gear transmission system.

The accelerating epicyclic gear train gear transmission system is a shifting mechanism execution system of the transmission bushing device, wherein one end of the follower frame is fixed with an internal tooth shank and protrudes into an outer ring groove at one end of the moving joint sleeve, the internal gear 圏Intermittent sliding fit with the moving joint sleeve, the movable joint sleeve is intermittently matched with the fixed shaft by the spline, the sun wheel intermittently slides and fits on the fixed shaft, and the one-way clutch is arranged between the driven sleeve and the hub, the driven sleeve and the carrier Fixed, the fixed axle of the planet carrier is equipped with a planetary wheel through a bearing, the planetary gear meshes with the fixed internal gear of the hub and simultaneously meshes with the sun gear, and the driven sleeve is sleeved on the sliding sleeve through the spline intermittently, and the sliding sleeve passes through the helical tooth The intermittent fitting is sleeved on the active sleeve, and the internal gingival provided at one end of the driven sleeve extends into the outer ring groove provided by the active sleeve, and the active sleeve is mounted on the fixed shaft through the bearing, the active sleeve is a power input member, and the hub is a power output Piece

The deceleration type epicyclic gear train gear transmission system is a transmission shaft sleeve device having a shifting mechanism execution system, wherein one of the driven frames The end or inner circular surface is fixed with the moving joint sleeve, and the movable joint sleeve is sleeved on the driven sleeve through the spline, and the driven sleeve is intermittently slidably fitted with the planet carrier, and one end of the planet carrier and the external gear sun fixed at one end of the hub are outside. The circular surface intermittently slides, the planetary carrier rotates and fits with a gear shaft, one end of the gear shaft is fixed with a small planetary wheel, and the other end of the gear shaft is equipped with a large planetary wheel through a one-way clutch, and the large planetary wheel and the driven sleeve are fixed outside. The gingival meshes, the small planet wheel meshes with the outer tooth sun wheel fixed by the hub, and the axial one end face of the outer tooth sun wheel cooperates with the moving joint sleeve to realize the combination or separation of the transmission, and the driven sleeve is sleeved on the sliding sleeve through the spline intermittently Upper, the sliding sleeve is sleeved on the active sleeve by the helical tooth intermittently, and the inner ring gear provided at one end of the driven sleeve extends into the outer ring groove provided by the active sleeve, and the diameter of the large planetary wheel is larger than the diameter of the small planetary wheel, and the active The sleeve is a power input and the hub is a power take-off.

The automatic transmission according to claim 2 or 3 or 4, wherein: the shifting mechanism execution system is a jacket type torque shifting mechanism execution system or a steel ball ramp type speed shifting mechanism executing system or flying Hammer cranking fork shifting speed shifting mechanism execution system or fly hammer cranking external shifting fork type speed shifting mechanism execution system,

The jacket type torque shifting mechanism execution system is an inner sleeve of the active sleeve intermittently slidingly fitted on the outer ring groove of the gear shaft shaft, and the active sleeve is intermittently fitted on the sliding sleeve through the spiral teeth, and the sliding sleeve passes through the spline or the spiral The tooth intermittently fits on the gear shaft, and the sliding sleeve is matched between the inner gear and the fixed gear of the gear shaft. The axial end face of the sliding sleeve and the gear of the gear shaft are compressed back. a spring, a return spring is sleeved on the gear shaft, and one end of the sliding sleeve is fixed with a curved arm, the force arm is provided with a sliding tooth, the sliding tooth extends into the groove of the active frame, and the control frame passes through the internal spline and The circlip or the positioning cymbal is fixed on the gear shaft with the external spline, and the movement of the active frame can reverse the movement of the driven frame, thereby switching the gear position in the gear gear transmission system;

The steel ball ramp type speed shifting mechanism execution system is a gear shaft fixed by a spline and a positioning sleeve, the sleeve is symmetrically fixed with a steel ball tube, the steel ball tube is provided with a steel ball, and the steel ball tube is provided with a slope The opening through which the claw passes, the opening is located at the center of the steel ball tube, the axial line of the steel ball tube is perpendicular or inclined to the axis line of the gear shaft, and the inclined claw is fixed on the inner circular surface of the afterburning ring, and the force is applied. One end of the ring is fixed to the arm, the arm is fixed to the moving frame, the moving frame is intermittently fitted on the gear shaft by the spline, and a compression return spring is arranged between the moving frame and the seat, and the return spring is sleeved in the gear position. On the shaft, one end of the force arm is fixed with a claw, and the claw extends into the groove of the active frame, and the movement of the active frame can reverse the movement of the driven frame, thereby switching the gear position in the gear gear transmission system;

The flywheel cranking inner fork type speed changing mechanism execution system is a gear shaft fixed by a spline and a positioning sleeve, the sleeve is symmetrically fixed with a lug, and each of the two lugs is provided with a long shape The hole, the elongated hole of the seat and the elongated hole of the gear shaft pass through, the crank device is between the two lugs and passes through the elongated hole, the crank and the lug are movably connected through the pin, and the end of the crank is fixed There is a flying hammer, a large fork at the other end, a small fork on each side of the large fork, a large fork on the guide rod of the hollow chamber of the gear shaft, and a small fork fixed at one end of the guide rod Above, two symmetrical forks are arranged on the shaft of the guide rod, and the second pin shaft is assembled in the pin hole of the other end of the guide rod, and the second pin shaft is fixed to the active frame by the elongated hole of the gear shaft The two ends of the second pin are fixed in the two pin holes in the middle of the active frame, the return spring is sleeved on the gear shaft, and the return spring is compressed between the sleeve and the active frame, and the movement of the active frame can be The follower moves in the opposite direction to switch the gear position in the gear shifting system;

The automatic transmission according to claim 5, wherein: the shifting mechanism execution system is an inner sleeve type torque shifting mechanism execution system, and the active sleeve is fixed with a retaining ring, and the retaining ring and the sliding sleeve are installed The compressed return spring, the return spring is sleeved on the active sleeve, and the inner ring gear provided at one end of the driven sleeve extends into the outer ring groove provided by the active sleeve, and the driven sleeve is provided with at least two elongated holes. The sliding sleeve is provided with a screw hole at a position corresponding to the elongated hole, and the bolt is fixed on the sliding sleeve through the fixing hole and the sleeve through the screw hole, and a gap is left between the fixing jaw and the driven sleeve, and the fixing bracket is symmetrically fixed. There are at least two curved arms, and the claws of the force arm extend into the slots of the active frame, and the movement of the active frame can reverse the movement of the driven frame, thereby switching the gear position in the gear transmission system.

8. The automatic transmission according to claim 2 or 3 or 4 or 5, wherein: said shifting mechanism execution system further comprises a reverse acting device, said reverse acting device being a pawl type outer reverse Actuating device or guide type internal reverse action device or sliding shaft type external reverse action device or sliding shaft type internal reverse action device,

The sliding shaft type external reverse action device is that two outer sliding sleeves of the active frame are respectively assembled on two inner sliding shafts of the control frame, and the active frame is assembled in the round jaw of the driven frame, and two of the driven frame The inner sliding sleeves are respectively assembled on the two outer sliding shafts of the control frame, the outer sliding sleeve is provided with a singular seat, the inner sliding sleeve is provided with a second spring seat, and the inner sliding shaft or the outer sliding shaft are respectively fixed with two blocking surfaces. Each of the stop faces can be positioned in contact with the axial end face of the driven frame or the active frame, one end of the spring is assembled with the spring seat of the active frame, and the other end is assembled with the second spring seat of the driven frame, the spring seat or the second spring seat The position of the intermediate plane between the two end faces of the active frame or the driven frame axially reciprocatingly movable contact positioning is respectively set, and the control frame, the active frame, the driven frame and the spring are axially symmetrically arranged, and the moving stroke ratio of the active frame is respectively The moving stroke of the follower frame is large, and the spring is a waist drum type compression spring;

The sliding shaft type inner reverse action device is that two inner sliding sleeves of the active frame are respectively assembled on two outer sliding shafts of the control frame, and the active frame is assembled on the outer side of the driven frame, and the two outer sliding frames of the driven frame The sleeves are respectively assembled on the two inner sliding shafts of the control frame, and the outer sliding shaft or the inner sliding shaft are respectively fixed with two blocking surfaces, and each of the blocking surfaces can be positioned and contacted with the axial end surface of the driven frame or the active frame, the spring One end is assembled with the spring seat of the active frame, and the other end is assembled with the second spring seat of the driven frame. The control frame, the active frame, the driven frame and the spring are axially symmetrically arranged, and the moving stroke of the active frame is more than that of the driven frame. The movement is large.

9. The automatic transmission according to claim 1, wherein: said multi-axis constant mesh gear transmission system is a four-speed three-axis constant mesh gear transmission system or a transmission auxiliary shaft multi-axis constant mesh gear transmission system or Transmission gear shaft type multi-axis constant mesh gear transmission system,

The four-speed three-axis constant meshing gear transmission system is equipped with a jacket type torque shifting mechanism executing system on the gear shaft of the 'J, the sliding gear and the transmission gear position shaft fixed on the second large gear mesh, gear position The large sliding gear assembled on the shaft meshes with the second pinion fixed on the transmission gear shaft, the middle portion of the transmission gear shaft has a second shifting mechanism execution system, and the second small sliding gear and the vice coupled to the transmission gear shaft The large gear meshing fixed on the shaft, the second large sliding gear of the transmission gear shaft assembly meshes with the fixed pinion gear on the countershaft, the transmission ratio of the small sliding gear and the second large gear gear, and the large sliding gear and the second pinion gear The transmission ratio is different from the transmission ratio of the second small sliding gear and the large gear, respectively, and the transmission ratio of the second large sliding gear and the small gear, respectively, and the gear shaft is the power input. The shaft and the countershaft are power output shafts;

10. The automatic transmission according to claim 1, wherein: said multi-axis constant meshing gear transmission system is a transmission auxiliary shaft type multi-axis constant mesh gear transmission system or transmission gear position shaft type multi-axis constant mesh gear transmission System,

The transmission auxiliary shaft type multi-axis constant meshing gear transmission system is equipped with a steel ball inclined surface type speed shifting mechanism execution system or a crank shaft outer fork type speed shifting mechanism execution system gear position shaft setting boss and transmission gear position The hollow cavity of the shaft is assembled with the bearing, and the large combined gear fixed by the transmission gear shaft meshes with the pinion fixed by the transmission auxiliary shaft. The transmission auxiliary shaft is equipped with a large gear through the one-way clutch, and the large gear and the gear shaft are fixed small. Gear meshing, the same gearbox shaft is equipped with a steel ball ramp type speed shifting mechanism execution system or a crank-turning fork type speed shifting mechanism execution system, the transmission gear shaft is provided with a stud and the next one or more and the transmission The transmission shaft of the gear shaft and the transmission auxiliary shaft are connected by the same transmission connection one after another, and finally the output power is connected with the output shaft transmission, and automatic shifting of multiple gears can be realized;

The transmission gear shaft type multi-axis constant meshing gear transmission system is two gears on a gear shaft equipped with a shifting mechanism execution system, and two gears respectively fixed to the transmission gear shaft, the transmission gear shaft The middle device has a steel ball ramp type speed shifting mechanism execution system or a cranking outer fork type speed shifting mechanism execution system, and the two sliding gears of the transmission gear shaft assembly are in turn one after another with the next one or more transmission gear positions. One drive connection is connected, and finally the output power is connected with the auxiliary shaft drive, which can realize automatic shifting of multiple gears. In the first gear, the low gear, the fourth gear or the fifth gear or the sixth gear or the seventh gear or the eight gear gears are high speed. In the transmission structure of the gear, the rigidity of the return spring in the system of the shifting mechanism of each gear is large or the total mass of the steel ball is small or the slope of the inclined surface of the inclined claw is small or the mass of the flying hammer is small.