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WO2004110742A1 - Matelas isolant depourvu de gaine de protection - Google Patents

Matelas isolant depourvu de gaine de protection Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004110742A1
WO2004110742A1 PCT/US2004/017077 US2004017077W WO2004110742A1 WO 2004110742 A1 WO2004110742 A1 WO 2004110742A1 US 2004017077 W US2004017077 W US 2004017077W WO 2004110742 A1 WO2004110742 A1 WO 2004110742A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
insulation
test
flame
blanket
resistant
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2004/017077
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Sithya S. Khieu
Richard M. Pieper
Thomas L. Tompkins
Original Assignee
3M Innovative Properties Company
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 3M Innovative Properties Company filed Critical 3M Innovative Properties Company
Publication of WO2004110742A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004110742A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/02—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres in the form of fibres or filaments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/02—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials
    • F16L59/026—Mattresses, mats, blankets or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
    • B32B2307/102—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/304—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/73—Hydrophobic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
    • B32B37/16—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating
    • B32B37/20—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating involving the assembly of continuous webs only
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23—Sheet including cover or casing
    • Y10T428/237—Noninterengaged fibered material encased [e.g., mat, batt, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249924—Noninterengaged fiber-containing paper-free web or sheet which is not of specified porosity
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/10—Scrim [e.g., open net or mesh, gauze, loose or open weave or knit, etc.]
    • Y10T442/102—Woven scrim
    • Y10T442/164—Including a preformed film, foil, or sheet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2861—Coated or impregnated synthetic organic fiber fabric

Definitions

  • This invention relates to insulation blankets for use as thermal and/or acoustic shielding in, for example, transportation vehicles such as aircraft. In other aspects, this invention also relates to processes for preparing the blankets, to blankets produced thereby, and to insulation processes.
  • Blankets providing thermal and/or acoustic insulation are used in aircraft and other vehicles to shield passengers from engine and aerodynamic noise and from temperature extremes.
  • One problem with such blankets is moisture uptake. This problem is particularly significant in aircraft, where weight increases due to water entrapment in the blankets can be dramatic. Not only is moisture uptake undesirable from an economical standpoint, but it causes other problems as well. These problems include reduced thermal and acoustic performance, reduced service life for the blanket, and increased potential for corrosion on the aluminum skin and framing of the aircraft.
  • Insulation blankets for aircraft are typically comprised of a fibrous lofted insulation such as fiberglass batting encased within a protective covering.
  • the protective covering is typically made from two pieces of light-weight, tear-resistant, reinforced polymer film.
  • the protective covering can facilitate blanket installation and also serve to protect the insulation from damage during the installation process, its primary purpose is to prevent moisture from being taken up and retained by the insulation during the service life of the blanket.
  • the protective covering increases blanket cost and weight.
  • the labor-intensive method of blanket construction that is typically used further increases cost. The method involves cutting two separate pieces of polymer film to a size slightly larger than that of the insulation to be contained, so as to form selvedges. The two pieces of film are then sealed along the selvedges (for example, by sewing, by application of adhesive, or by heat sealing) to encase the insulation.
  • this invention provides such an insulation blanket, which comprises (a) substantially hydrophobic insulation material; and (b) high temperature- resistant material; with the proviso that the blanket is casing-free.
  • the insulation material preferably comprises polymer (more preferably, it comprises polyolefin).
  • the insulation material is fibrous.
  • the high temperature-resistant material is preferably a flame-resistant material (more preferably, a burnthrough-resistant material).
  • insulation blankets can function effectively without the need for a protective covering or casing when substantially hydrophobic insulation material is utilized in their construction.
  • fibrous insulation made from substantially hydrophobic polymer such as polypropylene exhibits little moisture uptake and substantially maintains its thermal and acoustic performance without the need for a casing.
  • high temperature-resistant material for example, fiberglass paper or ceramic paper
  • the insulation blanket of the invention is casing- or bag-free, it can be easily and cost-effectively manufactured by continuously bringing together its component layers, without the need for separate, labor-intensive cutting, assembling, and sealing steps.
  • the blanket can be made in the form of wide panels or webs that are conformable to vehicle surfaces and that enable installation with only a minimal number of seams, reducing the need for taping to prevent flame propagation.
  • the blanket meets the need in the art for thermal/acoustic insulation blankets that exhibit relatively low moisture uptake, that are relatively light in weight and low in cost, and that can be simply and cost-effectively produced and installed without the need for labor-intensive, multiple process steps.
  • this invention also provides the following: an encased version of the insulation blanket (for ultimate moisture exclusion yet burnthrough resistance) comprising (a) substantially hydrophobic insulation material comprising at least one polymer (preferably, polyolefin; more preferably, polypropylene), and (b) burnthrough-resistant material, the materials being encased within a protective covering; a process for producing the insulation blankets of the invention, the process comprising the step of continuously bringing together, optionally in the presence of one or more intervening or adjacent materials, at least one insulation material and at least one high temperature-resistant material; a blanket produced by the process, wherein the materials are in the form of layers that are substantially coextensive; and a process for insulating a surface, the process comprising the step of providing the surface with an insulation blanket of the invention.
  • an encased version of the insulation blanket comprising (a) substantially hydrophobic insulation material comprising at least one polymer (preferably, polyolefin; more preferably, polypropylene), and (b) burnthrough-
  • high temperature-resistant material means a material that does not melt, flow, decompose, or otherwise substantially change shape at temperatures up to at least about
  • casing-free in reference to an insulation blanket means that the insulation material of the blanket is not encased in a protective covering (that is, although the blanket can comprise exterior protective layers, these protective layers are not directly sealed to each other (that is, are not sealed to each other in the absence of intervening insulation material) so as to substantially fully enclose the insulation);
  • substantially coextensive in reference to the component layers of an insulation blanket means that, if the blanket has exterior protective layers, the exterior protective layers do not extend beyond the insulation layer(s) of the blanket so as to form selvedges for direct sealing of the exterior protective layers to each other in the absence of intervening insulation layer(s);
  • “lofty” in reference to a material means a fluffy material that, after application and removal of a compressive force, substantially resumes its original shape
  • flame-resistant material means a material that meets the flammability requirements of the Federal Aviation Administration set forth at 14 C.F.R. Part 25, Sections 25.853(a) and 25.855(d) (which reference Part I of Appendix F to Part 25);
  • flame propagation-resistant material means a material that meets the flammability requirements of the Federal Aviation Administration set forth at 14 C.F.R. Part 25, Section 25.856(a) (which references Part VI of Appendix F to Part 25);
  • flame penetration-resistant material means a material that meets the flammability requirements of the Federal Aviation Administration set forth at 14 C.F.R. Part 25, Section
  • burnthrough-resistant material means a material that meets the flammability requirements of the Federal Aviation Administration set forth at 14 C.F.R. Part 25, Sections 25.853(a) and 25.855(d) (which reference Part I of Appendix F to Part 25), as well as those set forth at 14 C.F.R. Part 25, Sections 25.856(a) (flame propagation)and
  • Insulation materials suitable for use in the insulation blanket of the invention are those that are more hydrophobic than untreated linear polyethylene, as evidenced by measured parameters known to correlate with hydrophobicity (for example, contact angle or surface tension measurements).
  • Such materials include substantially hydrophobic polymers such as polyolefins (for example, polyethylene and polypropylene) and the like, and substantially hydrophobic blends thereof with each other and/or with other polymers.
  • Other less hydrophobic materials can also be utilized, provided that they are treated to increase their hydrophobicity to greater than that of untreated linear polyethylene.
  • Such hydrophobicity treatments can involve, for example, the use of silicones or fluorochemicals as topical treatments or polymer melt additives.
  • the insulation material comprises or consists essentially of at least one polymer (more preferably, it comprises or consists essentially of at least one polyolefin; most preferably, it comprises or consists essentially of polypropylene).
  • Blends of polypropylene and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) can be used to prepare useful insulation material.
  • the blends comprise at least about 50 percent polypropylene (more preferably, at least about 55 percent; even more preferably, at least about 65 percent; most preferably, at least about 80 percent). Lesser amounts of polypropylene can be utilized, however, when hydrophobicity treatments are applied.
  • the insulation material can be in the form of fibrous insulation, foam insulation, or combinations thereof, with lofty fibrous insulation being preferred.
  • Suitable fibrous materials include, for example, the melt blown fibers comprising polypropylene that are commercially available from 3M Company of St. Paul, MN under the trade designation THINSULATE.
  • Fibrous insulation can be provided in the form of a lofty non-woven layer or mat in which the fibers are entangled with or bonded to each other.
  • Such mats can be prepared according to conventional techniques such as melt blowing, air laying, or carding. The mats can be made with thermobonding fibers and exposed to heat to cause the thermobonding fibers to soften and bind at least some of the fibers together.
  • the mat consists of a combination of entangled staple fibers and bonding staple fibers where the bonding fibers have, for example, a core of polyethylene terephthalate surrounded by a sheath of an adhesive polymer formed from isophthalate and terephthalate esters.
  • Other useful fibrous nonwoven webs are those that comprise a collected mass of directly-formed fibers disposed within the web in a C-shaped configuration, and crimped staple fibers dispersed within the web to give the web loft and uniformity.
  • Such directly-formed fibers are fibers formed and collected as a web in essentially one operation, for example, by extruding fibers from a fiber-forming liquid (for example, molten or dissolved polymer, glass, or the like) and collecting the extruded fibers as a web.
  • a fiber-forming liquid for example, molten or dissolved polymer, glass, or the like
  • C-shaped configuration means that the fibers are assembled or organized in the web so that, when the web is viewed in a vertical, longitudinal cross-section, a representative individual directly-formed fiber is seen to include a) a segment or segments disposed within the web transversely to the faces of the web (this segment(s) forms the vertical portion of the "C"), and b) other segments (the arms of the "C"), which are connected to the transverse segment(s), are substantially parallel to the opposite faces of the web, and extend from the transverse segment in a direction opposite from the "machine direction” of the web (the direction in which the web moved during formation).
  • Other known insulation constructions can also be utilized including, for example, the thermally insulating sheet material described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,136,222 (Jonnes).
  • Suitable high temperature-resistant materials for use in the insulation blanket of the invention include ceramic papers (for example, aluminosilicate ceramic fiber papers commercially available as KAOWOOL Paper from Thermal Ceramics, Inc., Augusta, GA, and under the trade designation LYTHERM Paper from Lydall, Inc. of Rochester, NH, as well as a ceramic fiber paper encapsulated in polyimide film available as 3M NEXTEL Flame Shield AL-1 from 3M Company, St. Paul, MN), woven ceramic fibers (for example, fabrics commercially available under the trade designation NEXTEL 312 AF-10 Aerospace Fabric from 3M Company, St.
  • ceramic papers for example, aluminosilicate ceramic fiber papers commercially available as KAOWOOL Paper from Thermal Ceramics, Inc., Augusta, GA, and under the trade designation LYTHERM Paper from Lydall, Inc. of Rochester, NH, as well as a ceramic fiber paper encapsulated in polyimide film available as 3M NEXTEL Flame Shield AL-1 from 3M
  • woven fiberglass fibers for example, fabrics commercially available under the trade designation SILTEMP Silica Fabric Type 84CH from Ametek of Wilmington, DE
  • ceramic non- woven scrims for example, scrims prepared from ceramic oxide fibers commercially available under the trade designation NEXTEL 312 Ceramic Fibers from 3M Company, St. Paul, MN
  • fiberglass non-woven scrims Such materials can be manufactured by known methods. Suitable high temperature-resistant materials include those described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,670,291 (Tompkins et al.).
  • Preferred high temperature-resistant materials are flame-resistant materials (for example, aluminosilicate ceramic fiber papers and S-glass paper). More preferred high temperature-resistant materials are both flame propagation-resistant and flame penetration- resistant. Most preferred high temperature-resistant materials are burnthrough resistant materials (for example, ceramic papers such as 3M NEXTEL Flame Stopping Dot Paper, available from 3M Company, St. Paul, MN, and vermiculite-coated ceramic paper available as 3M NEXTEL Flame Stopping Coated Paper from 3M Company, as well as NOMEX Type 418 Paper available from DuPont, Richmond, VA).
  • ceramic papers such as 3M NEXTEL Flame Stopping Dot Paper, available from 3M Company, St. Paul, MN
  • vermiculite-coated ceramic paper available as 3M NEXTEL Flame Stopping Coated Paper from 3M Company, as well as NOMEX Type 418 Paper available from DuPont, Richmond, VA.
  • the insulation blanket of the invention can comprise one or more layers of substantially hydrophobic insulation material and one or more layers of high-temperature resistant material.
  • the blanket can further comprise one or more adhesive compositions or films, one or more scrims (for example, woven polymeric fabric), one or more water repellent coatings, one or more intumescent additives or coatings, and one or more polymer films (which can optionally be metallized), as well as flame retardants, antistatic agents, anti-mildew agents, and the like.
  • the additional materials and/or layers are preferably selected so as to not significantly increase the moisture uptake and retention characteristics of the blanket.
  • the insulation blankets of the invention can be prepared by known methods such as those described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,624,726 (Sanocki et al.).
  • the blankets are prepared by a continuous process that is simpler and more cost-effective than prior methods.
  • This process comprises the step of continuously bringing together, optionally in the presence of one or more intervening or adjacent materials (as described in the previous section), at least one insulation material (which can be of any type, but which is preferably substantially hydrophobic) and at least one high temperature-resistant material.
  • fibrous insulation material can be continuously deposited on a moving web of high temperature-resistant material, for example, by melt blowing, air laying, or carding.
  • blankets produced by the continuous process of the invention can, if desired, be constructed so as to have substantially coextensive layers.
  • the preferred use of polymeric insulation material (more preferably, fibrous polymeric insulation material) provides blankets that are cold-sealable by cutting. If desired, the blankets can be provided with check valves, although these are not necessary due to the blankets' casing-free construction.
  • Other optional features include holes (to aid in blanket installation) and non- encasing external protective layers.
  • the blankets of the invention are useful in a variety of applications requiring thermal and/or acoustic insulation (for example, in aircraft, automobiles, and other vehicles) and can be installed using known methods.
  • the blankets can be particularly useful as fire barriers.
  • Galley structure including exposed surfaces of stowed carts and standard containers and the cavity walls that are exposed when a full complement of such carts or containers is not carried; and (4) Large cabinets and cabin stowage compartments, other than underseat stowage compartments for stowing small items such as magazines and maps.
  • compartments such as pilot compartments, galleys, lavatories, crew rest quarters, cabinets and stowage compartments, need not meet the standards of paragraph (d) of this section, provided the interiors of such compartments are isolated from the main passenger cabin by doors or equivalent means that would normally be closed during an emergency landing condition.
  • Class B through Class E cargo or baggage compartments, as defined in ⁇ 25.857, must have a liner, and the liner must be separate from (but may be attached to) the airplane structure.
  • No compartment may contain any controls, wiring, lines, equipment, or accessories whose damage or failure would affect safe operation, unless those items are protected so that — (1) They cannot be damaged by the movement of cargo in the compartment, and
  • Sources of heat within the compartment must be shielded and insulated to prevent igniting the cargo or baggage.
  • thermal/acoustic insulation materials including the means of fastening the materials to the fuselage
  • thermal/acoustic insulation materials installed in the lower half of the airplane fuselage must meet the flame penetration resistance test requirements of part VII of Appendix F to this part, or other approved equivalent test requirements. This requirement does not apply to thermal/acoustic insulation installations that the FAA finds would not contribute to fire penetration resistance. [Amdt. 25-111, 68 FR 45059, July 31, 2003]
  • Material test criteria ( 1 ) Interior compartments occupied by crew or passengers, (i) Interior ceiling panels, interior wall panels, partitions, galley structure, large cabinet walls, structural flooring, and materials used in the construction of stowage compartments (other than underseat stowage compartments and compartments for stowing small items such as magazines and maps) must be self-extinguishing when tested vertically in accordance with the applicable portions of part I of this appendix.
  • the average burn length may not exceed 6 inches and the average flame time after removal of the flame source may not exceed 15 seconds. Drippings from the test specimen may not continue to flame for more than an average of 3 seconds after falling.
  • a cargo or baggage compartment defined in ⁇ 25.857 as Class B or E must have a liner constructed of materials that meet the requirements of paragraph (a)(1)(h) of part I of this appendix and separated from the airplane structure (except for attachments). In addition, such liners must be subjected to the 45 degree angle test. The flame may not penetrate (pass through) the material during application of the flame or subsequent to its removal.
  • the average flame time after removal of the flame source may not exceed 15 seconds, and the average glow time may not exceed 10 seconds.
  • a cargo or baggage compartment defined in ⁇ 25.857 as Class B, C, D, or E must have floor panels constructed of materials which meet the requirements of paragraph (a)(1)(h) of part I of this appendix and which are separated from the ai ⁇ lane structure (except for attachments). Such panels must be subjected to the 45 degree angle test.
  • the flame may not penetrate (pass through) the material during application of the flame or subsequent to its removal.
  • the average flame time after removal of the flame source may not exceed 15 seconds, and the average glow time may not exceed 10 seconds.
  • Insulation blankets and covers used to protect cargo must be constructed of materials that meet the requirements of paragraph (a)(1)(h) of part I of this appendix.
  • Tiedown equipment including containers, bins, and pallets
  • each cargo and baggage compartment must be constructed of materials that meet the requirements of paragraph (a)(l)(v) of part I of this appendix.
  • Test Procedures (1) Conditioning. Specimens must be conditioned to 70 ⁇ 5 F., and at 50 percent ⁇ 5 percent relative humidity until moisture equilibrium is reached or for 24 hours. Each specimen must remain in the conditioning environment until it is subjected to the flame.
  • Test specimens of materials that must meet the requirements of paragraph (a)(l)(v) of part I of this appendix must be no more than 1/8-inch in thickness.
  • Electrical wire and cable specimens must be the same size as used in the ai ⁇ lane. In the case of fabrics, both the wa ⁇ and fill direction of the weave must be tested to determine the most critical flammability condition.
  • Specimens must be mounted in a metal frame so that the two long edges and the upper edge are held securely during the vertical test prescribed in subparagraph (4) of this paragraph and the two long edges and the edge away from the flame are held securely during the horizontal test prescribed in subparagraph (5) of this paragraph.
  • the exposed area of the specimen must be at least 2 inches wide and 12 inches long, unless the actual size used in the ai ⁇ lane is smaller.
  • the edge to which the burner flame is applied must not consist of the finished or protected edge of the specimen but must be representative of the actual cross-section of the material or part as installed in the ai ⁇ lane.
  • the specimen must be mounted in a metal frame so that all four edges are held securely and the exposed area of the specimen is at least 8 inches by 8 inches during the 45° test prescribed in subparagraph (6) of this paragraph. (3) Apparatus. Except as provided in subparagraph (7) of this paragraph, tests must be conducted in a draft- free cabinet in accordance with Federal Test Method Standard 191
  • Model 5903 (revised Method 5902) for the vertical test, or Method 5906 for horizontal test (available from the General Services Administration, Business Service Center, Region 3, Seventh & D Streets SW., Washington, DC 20407). Specimens which are too large for the cabinet must be tested in similar draft-free conditions.
  • the lower edge of the specimen must be 3/4-inch above the top edge of the burner.
  • the flame must be applied to the center line of the lower edge of the specimen.
  • the flame For materials covered by paragraph (a)(l)(i) of part I of this appendix, the flame must be applied for 60 seconds and then removed.
  • the flame For materials covered by paragraph (a)(1)(h) of part I of this appendix, the flame must be applied for 12 seconds and then removed. Flame time, burn length, and flaming time of drippings, if any, may be recorded. The burn length determined in accordance with subparagraph (7) of this paragraph must be measured to the nearest tenth of an inch.
  • the minimum flame temperature measured by a calibrated thermocouple pyrometer in the center of the flame must be 1550 °F.
  • the specimen must be positioned so that the edge being tested is centered 3/4-inch above the top of the burner.
  • the flame must be applied for 15 seconds and then removed.
  • a minimum of 10 inches of specimen must be used for timing pu ⁇ oses, approximately 1 1/2 inches must burn before the burning front reaches the timing zone, and the average burn rate must be recorded.
  • the upper end of the specimen must pass over a pulley or rod and must have an appropriate weight attached to it so that the specimen is held tautly throughout the flammability test.
  • the test specimen span between lower clamp and upper pulley or rod must be 24 inches and must be marked 8 inches from the lower end to indicate the central point for flame application.
  • a flame from a Bunsen or Tirrill burner must be applied for 30 seconds at the test mark.
  • the burner must be mounted underneath the test mark on the specimen, pe ⁇ endicular to the specimen and at an angle of 30° to the vertical plane of the specimen.
  • the burner must have a nominal bore of 3/8-inch and be adjusted to provide a 3-inch high flame with an inner cone approximately one-third of the flame height.
  • the minimum temperature of the hottest portion of the flame may not be less than 1750 °F.
  • the burner must be positioned so that the hottest portion of the flame is applied to the test mark on the wire. Flame time, burn length, and flaming time of drippings, if any, must be recorded. The burn length determined in accordance with paragraph (8) of this paragraph must be measured to the nearest tenth of an inch. Breaking of the wire specimens is not considered a failure. (8) Burn length.
  • Bum length is the distance from the original edge to the farthest evidence of damage to the test specimen due to flame impingement, including areas of partial or complete consumption, charring, or embrittlement, but not including areas sooted, stained, wa ⁇ ed, or discolored, nor areas where material has shrunk or melted away from the heat source.
  • “Flame propagation” means the furthest distance of the propagation of visible flame towards the far end of the test specimen, measured from the midpoint of the ignition source flame. Measure this distance after initially applying the ignition source and before all flame on the test specimen is extinguished. The measurement is not a determination of bum length made after the test.
  • Random heat source means an electric or air propane panel.
  • Thermal/acoustic insulation means a material or system of materials used to provide thermal and/or acoustic protection. Examples include fiberglass or other batting material encapsulated by a film covering and foams.
  • Zero point means the point of application of the pilot burner to the test specimen.
  • Radiant panel test chamber Conduct tests in a radiant panel test chamber. Place the test chamber under an exhaust hood to facilitate clearing the chamber of smoke after each test.
  • the radiant panel test chamber must be an enclosure 55 inches (1397 mm) long by 19.5 (495 mm) deep by 28 (710 mm) to 30 inches (maximum) (762 mm) above the test specimen. Insulate the sides, ends, and top with a fibrous ceramic insulation, such as
  • Kaowool MTM board On the front side, provide a 52 by 12-inch (1321 by 305 mm) draft- free, high-temperature, glass window for viewing the sample during testing. Place a door below the window to provide access to the movable specimen platform holder.
  • the bottom of the test chamber must be a sliding steel platform that has provision for securing the test specimen holder in a fixed and level position.
  • the chamber must have an internal chimney with exterior dimensions of 5.1 inches (129 mm) wide, by 16.2 inches (41 1 mm) deep by 13 inches (330 mm) high at the opposite end of the chamber from the radiant energy source. The interior dimensions must be 4.5 inches (114 mm) wide by 15.6 inches (395 mm) deep.
  • the chimney must extend to the top of the chamber.
  • Radiant heat source Mount the radiant heat energy source in a cast iron frame or equivalent.
  • An electric panel must have six, 3-inch wide emitter strips. The emitter strips must be pe ⁇ endicular to the length of the panel.
  • the panel must have a radiation surface of 12 7/8 by 18 1/2 inches (327 by 470 mm). The panel must be capable of operating at temperatures up to 1300 °F (704 °C).
  • An air propane panel must be made of a porous refractory material and have a radiation surface of 12 by 18 inches (305 by 457 mm). The panel must be capable of operating at temperatures up to 1,500 °F (816 °C).
  • Electric radiant panel The radiant panel must be 3-phase and operate at 208 volts. A single-phase, 240 volt panel is also acceptable. Use a solid-state power controller and microprocessor-based controller to set the electric panel operating parameters.
  • Gas radiant panel Use propane (liquid petroleum gas — 2.1 UN 1075) for the radiant panel fuel.
  • the panel fuel system must consist of a venturi-type aspirator for mixing gas and air at approximately atmospheric pressure. Provide suitable instrumentation for monitoring and controlling the flow of fuel and air to the panel. Include an air flow gauge, an air flow regulator, and a gas pressure gauge.
  • the sliding platform serves as the housing for test specimen placement. Brackets may be attached (via wing nuts) to the top lip of the platform in order to accommodate various thicknesses of test specimens. Place the test specimens on a sheet of Kaowool MTM board or 1260 Standard Board (manufactured by Thermal Ceramics and available in Europe), or equivalent, either resting on the bottom lip of the sliding platform or on the base of the brackets. It may be necessary to use multiple sheets of material based on the thickness of the test specimen (to meet the sample height requirement). Typically, these non- combustible sheets of material are available in 1/4 inch (6 mm) thicknesses. A sliding platform that is deeper than a 2-inch (50.8mm) platform is acceptable as long as the sample height requirement is met.
  • This board serves as a heat retainer and protects the test specimen from excessive preheating.
  • the height of this board must not impede the sliding platform movement (in and out of the test chamber). If the platform has been fabricated such that the back side of the platform is high enough to prevent excess preheating of the specimen when the sliding platform is out, a retainer board is not necessary.
  • the pilot burner used to ignite the specimen must be a BernzomaticTM commercial propane venturi torch with an axially symmetric burner tip and a propane supply tube with an orifice diameter of 0.006 inches (0.15 mm).
  • the length of the burner tube must be 2 7/8 inches (71 mm).
  • the propane flow must be adjusted via gas pressure through an in-line regulator to produce a blue inner cone length of 3/4 inch (19 mm).
  • a 3/4 inch (19 mm) guide (such as a thin strip of metal) may be soldered to the top of the burner to aid in setting the flame height.
  • the overall flame length must be approximately 5 inches long (127 mm). Provide a way to move the burner out of the ignition position so that the flame is horizontal and at least 2 inches (50 mm) above the specimen plane.
  • thermocouples Install a 24 American Wire Gauge (AWG) Type K (Chromel-Alumel) thermocouple in the test chamber for temperature monitoring. Insert it into the chamber through a small hole drilled through the back of the chamber. Place the thermocouple so that it extends 11 inches (279 mm) out from the back of the chamber wall, 11 1/2 inches
  • AMG American Wire Gauge
  • Type K Chromel-Alumel
  • thermocouples (292 mm) from the right side of the chamber wall, and is 2 inches (51 mm) below the radiant panel.
  • the use of other thermocouples is optional.
  • the calorimeter must be a one-inch cylindrical water-cooled, total heat flux density, foil type Gardon Gage that has a range of 0 to 5 BTU/ft 2 -second (0 to 5.7 Watts/cm 2 ).
  • Foil thickness must be 0.0005 +/-0.0001 inches (0.013 +/-;0.0025 mm).
  • the method of transfer must be a heated graphite plate.
  • the graphite plate must be electrically heated, have a clear surface area on each side of the plate of at least 2 by 2 inches (51 by 51 mm), and be 1/8 inch +/- 1/16 inch thick (3.2 +/-1.6 mm).
  • the distance of the calorimeter to the plate must be no less than 0.0625 inches (1.6 mm), nor greater than 0.375 inches (9.5 mm).
  • the range used in calibration must be at least 0-3.5 BTUs/ft 2 second (0-3.9 Watts/cm 2 ) and no greater than 0-5.7 BTUs/ft 2 second (0-6.4 Watts/cm 2 ).
  • the recording device used must record the 2 transducers simultaneously or at least within 1/10 of each other.
  • Calorimeter fixture With the sliding platform pulled out of the chamber, install the calorimeter holding frame and place a sheet of non-combustible material in the bottom of the sliding platform adjacent to the holding frame. This will prevent heat losses during calibration.
  • the frame must be 13 1/8 inches (333 mm) deep (front to back) by 8 inches (203 mm) wide and must rest on the top of the sliding platform. It must be fabricated of
  • Instrumentation Provide a calibrated recording device with an appropriate range or a computerized data acquisition system to measure and record the outputs of the calorimeter and the thermocouple.
  • the data acquisition system must be capable of recording the calorimeter output every second during calibration.
  • Timing device Provide a stopwatch or other device, accurate to +/-1 second/hour, to measure the time of application of the pilot burner flame.
  • Specimen preparation Prepare and test a minimum of three test specimens. If an oriented film cover material is used, prepare and test both the wa ⁇ and fill directions.
  • Test specimens must include all materials used in construction of the insulation (including batting, film, scrim, tape etc.). Cut a piece of core material such as foam or fiberglass, and cut a piece of film cover material (if used) large enough to cover the core material. Heat sealing is the preferred method of preparing fiberglass samples, since they can be made without compressing the fiberglass ("box sample"). Cover materials that are not heat sealable may be stapled, sewn, or taped as long as the cover material is over-cut enough to be drawn down the sides without compressing the core material. The fastening means should be as continuous as possible along the length of the seams.
  • the specimen thickness must be of the same thickness as installed in the ai ⁇ lane.
  • test specimen conditioning Condition the test specimens at 70 +/-5°F (21 +/-2°C) and 55% +/-10% relative humidity, for a minimum of 24 hours prior to testing.
  • test specimen Places the test specimen in the sliding platform holder. Ensure that the test sample surface is level with the top of the platform. At “zero" point, the specimen surface must be 7 1/2 inches +/- 1/8 inch (191 mm +1-3) below the radiant panel.
  • the flame time after removal of the pilot burner may not exceed 3 seconds on any specimen.
  • Burnthrough time means the time, in seconds, for the burner flame to penetrate the test specimen, and/or the time required for the heat flux to reach 2.0 Btu/ft 2 sec (2.27 W/cm 2 ) on the inboard side, at a distance of 12 inches (30.5 cm) from the front surface of the insulation blanket test frame, whichever is sooner.
  • the burnthrough time is measured at the inboard side of each of the insulation blanket specimens.
  • Insulation blanket specimen means one of two specimens positioned in either side of the test rig, at an angle of 30° with respect to vertical.
  • Specimen set means two insulation blanket specimens. Both specimens must represent the same production insulation blanket construction and materials, proportioned to correspond to the specimen size.
  • Test burner The test burner must be a modified gun-type such as the Park Model DPL 3400. Flame characteristics are highly dependent on actual burner setup. Parameters such as fuel pressure, nozzle depth, stator position, and intake airflow must be properly adjusted to achieve the correct flame output.
  • Nozzle (i) Nozzle.
  • a nozzle must maintain the fuel pressure to yield a nominal 6.0 gal/hr (0.378 L/min) fuel flow.
  • a Monarch-manufactured 80° PL (hollow cone) nozzle nominally rated at 6.0 gal/hr at 100 lb/in2 (0.71 MPa) delivers a proper spray pattern.
  • the internal stator located in the middle of the draft tube, must be positioned at a depth of 3.75 inches (95 mm) from the tip of the fuel nozzle.
  • the stator must also be positioned such that the integral igniters are located at an angle midway between the 10 and 11 o'clock position, when viewed looking into the draft tube. Minor deviations to the igniter angle are acceptable if the temperature and heat flux requirements conform to the requirements of paragraph V ⁇ I(e) of this appendix.
  • Blower Fan The cylindrical blower fan used to pump air through the burner must measure 5.25 inches (133 mm) in diameter by 3.5 inches (89 mm) in width.
  • (v) Burner cone Install a 12 +0.125-inch (305 ⁇ 3 mm) burner extension cone at the end of the draft tube.
  • the cone must have an opening 6 ⁇ 0.125-inch (152 ⁇ 3 mm) high and 11 ⁇ 0.125-inch (280 ⁇ 3 mm) wide.
  • Fuel Use JP-8, Jet A, or their international equivalent, at a flow rate of 6.0 ⁇ 0.2 gal/hr (0.378 ⁇ 0.0126 L/min). If this fuel is unavailable, ASTM K2 fuel (Number 2 grade kerosene) or ASTM D2 fuel (Number 2 grade fuel oil or Number 2 diesel fuel) are acceptable if the nominal fuel flow rate, temperature, and heat flux measurements conform to the requirements of paragraph V ⁇ I(e) of this appendix.
  • Fuel pressure regulator Provide a fuel pressure regulator, adjusted to deliver a nominal 6.0 gal/hr (0.378 IJmin) flow rate.
  • An operating fuel pressure of 100 lb/in 2 (0.71 MPa) for a nominally rated 6.0 gal/hr 80° spray angle nozzle (such as a PL type) delivers 6.0 ⁇ 0.2 gal/hr (0.378 ⁇ 0.0126 L/min).
  • (ii) Calorimeter The calorimeter must be a total heat flux, foil type Gardon Gage of an appropriate range such as 0-20 Btu/ft -sec (0-22.7 W/cm ), accurate to ⁇ 3% of the indicated reading.
  • the heat flux calibration method must be in accordance with paragraph VI(b)(7) of this appendix.
  • (iii) Calorimeter mounting Mount the calorimeter in a 6- by 12- ⁇ 0.125 inch (152- by 305- ⁇ 3 mm) by 0.75 ⁇ 0.125 inch (19 mm ⁇ 3 mm) thick insulating block which is attached to the heat flux calibration rig during calibration. Monitor the insulating block for deterioration and replace it when necessary. Adjust the mounting as necessary to ensure that the calorimeter face is parallel to the exit plane of the test burner cone.
  • Thermocouples Provide seven 1/8-inch (3.2 mm) ceramic packed, metal sheathed, type K (Chromel-alumel), grounded junction thermocouples with a nominal 24 American
  • thermocouples Attach the thermocouples to a steel angle bracket to form a thermocouple rake for placement in the calibration rig during burner calibration.
  • Air velocity meter Use a vane-type air velocity meter to calibrate the velocity of air entering the burner.
  • An Omega Engineering Model HH30A is satisfactory.
  • An optional airbox permanently mounted to the burner intake area can effectively house the air velocity meter and provide a mounting port for the flexible intake duct.
  • Test specimen mounting frame Make the mounting frame for the test specimens of 1/8-inch (3.2 mm) thick steel, except for the center vertical former, which should be 1/4- inch (6.4 mm) thick to minimize wa ⁇ age.
  • the specimen mounting frame stringers horizontal should be bolted to the test frame formers (vertical) such that the expansion of the stringers will not cause the entire structure to wa ⁇ .
  • the calorimeters must be a total heat flux, foil type Gardon Gage of an appropriate range such as 0-5 Btu/ft 2 -sec (0-5.7 W/cm 2 ), accurate to ⁇ 3% of the indicated reading.
  • Timing device Provide a stopwatch or other device, accurate to ⁇ 1%, to measure the time of application of the burner flame and burnthrough time.
  • Test chamber Perform tests in a suitable chamber to reduce or eliminate the possibility of test fluctuation due to air movement.
  • the chamber must have a minimum floor area of 10 by 10 feet (305 by 305 cm).
  • Ventilation hood Provide the test chamber with an exhaust system capable of removing the products of combustion expelled during tests.
  • Test Specimens (1) Specimen preparation. Prepare a minimum of three specimen sets of the same construction and configuration for testing.
  • test specimens For rigid and other non-conforming types of insulation materials, the finished test specimens must fit into the test rig in such a manner as to replicate the actual in-service installation.
  • Fire barrier material If the insulation blanket is constructed with a fire barrier material, place the fire barrier material in a manner reflective of the installed arrangement For example, if the material will be placed on the outboard side of the insulation material, inside the moisture film, place it the same way in the test specimen.
  • Insulation material (ii) Insulation material. Blankets that utilize more than one variety of insulation (composition, density, etc.) must have specimen sets constructed that reflect the insulation combination used. If, however, several blanket types use similar insulation combinations, it is not necessary to test each combination if it is possible to bracket the various combinations.
  • Moisture barrier film If a production blanket construction utilizes more than one type of moisture barrier film, perform separate tests on each combination. For example, if a polyimide film is used in conjunction with an insulation in order to enhance the burnthrough capabilities, also test the same insulation when used with a polyvinyl fluoride film.
  • test burner mounting system must inco ⁇ orate "detents” that ensure proper centering of the burner cone with respect to both the calorimeter and the thermocouple rakes, so that rapid positioning of the burner can be achieved during the calibration procedure.
  • Each of the two insulation blanket test specimens must not allow more than 2.0 Btu/ft 2 - sec (2.27 W/cm ) on the cold side of the insulation specimens at a point 12 inches (30.5 cm) from the face of the test rig.
  • IPA isopropyl alcohol
  • the 100 percent polypropylene web was prepared using a polypropylene feedstock having a melt flow index of 350 grams/10 minutes (available as FINA 350 from ATO FINA, Deer Park, TX) using a melt-blowing process to provide individual fibers having an effective diameter of less than 12 micrometers ( ⁇ m), which formed a web having a thickness of approximately 1.0-1.5 centimeters (cm) and an areal weight of approximately 200 grams/meter 2 .
  • Examples 1-4 various thermal acoustic insulation blankets were prepared in rollstock form using a continuous process.
  • the resulting blankets comprised materials in the form of layers that were substantially coextensive.
  • 3MTM NEXTELTM Flame Stopping Dot Paper (an alumina fiber-based paper fire barrier material having a basis weight of 70-80 grams/meter , available from 3M Company, St. Paul, MN) was used to prepare rollstock of a two-layer thermal acoustic insulation blanket.
  • the 3MTM NEXTELTM Flame Stopping Dot Paper was fed through a melt-blown process chamber essentially as described at column 8, line 49, to column 10, line 18, of U.S. Pat. No. 5,841,081 (Thompson et al.) to collect a non-woven, melt-blown blend of polypropylene/PET (65:35/w:w) fibers on one side of the fire barrier material.
  • the resulting thermal acoustic insulation blanket in rollstock form comprised a fibrous web (having a thickness of approximately 1 inch (2.5 cm) and an areal weight of approximately 123 grams/meter 2 ) on a paper fire barrier.
  • Example 1 was repeated with the following modification: 3MTM NEXTELTM Flame Stopping Coated Paper (a vermicuhte coated, alumina fiber-based paper fire barrier material having a basis weight of 70-80 grams/meter 2 , available from 3M Company, St. Paul, MN) was used instead of 3MTM NEXTELTM Flame Stopping Dot Paper.
  • 3MTM NEXTELTM Flame Stopping Coated Paper a vermicuhte coated, alumina fiber-based paper fire barrier material having a basis weight of 70-80 grams/meter 2 , available from 3M Company, St. Paul, MN
  • 3MTM NEXTELTM Flame Stopping Dot Paper was used instead of 3MTM NEXTELTM Flame Stopping Dot Paper.
  • the resulting thermal acoustic insulation blanket in rollstock form comprised a fibrous web
  • Example 3 INSULFAB 331 (a lightweight, high strength vapor barrier comprising a scrim- reinforced, metallized polyvinyl fluoride film (available as TEDLAR from E. I. DuPont de Nemours Company, Wilmington, DE) available from Chase Facile, Inco ⁇ orated, Paterson, NJ) was used to prepare a three-layer thermal acoustic insulation blanket in a rollstock form.
  • INSULFAB 331 A was laminated to 3MTM NEXTELTM Flame Stopping Coated Paper.
  • This intermediate two-layer laminate was fed through a melt-blown process chamber essentially as described in Example 1 to collect a non-woven, melt-blown blend of polypropylene/PET (65:35/w:w) fibers such that the non-woven melt- blown fibers contacted the fire barrier side of the laminate.
  • a thermal acoustic insulation blanket comprising a paper fire barrier with a vapor barrier laminated to one side and a fibrous web (having a thickness of approximately 1 inch (2.5 cm) and an areal weight of approximately 123 grams/meter 2 ) on the opposite side was obtained in rollstock form.
  • Example 3 was repeated with the following modification: a light coat of adhesive (3MTM SUPER SPRAY 77 ADHESIVE, available from 3M Company, St. Paul, MN) was applied to the ceramic paper side of the intermediate fire barrier/vapor barrier laminate prior to feeding it through the melt-blown process chamber.
  • a thermal acoustic insulation blanket comprising a paper fire barrier with a vapor barrier laminated to one side and a fibrous web (having a thickness of approximately 2 inches (5.0 cm) and an areal weight of approximately 121 grams/meter 2 ) adhered to the opposite side was obtained in rollstock form. Examples 5-7
  • thermal acoustic insulation blankets were prepared using manual lay-up methods and were evaluated using radiant panel and burnthrough tests.
  • INSULFAB 2000A a lightweight, high strength vapor barrier comprising a scrim-reinforced polyimide film, available from Chase Facile, Inco ⁇ orated, Paterson, NJ
  • INSULFAB 2000A a lightweight, high strength vapor barrier comprising a scrim-reinforced polyimide film, available from Chase Facile, Inco ⁇ orated, Paterson, NJ
  • two pieces of INSULFAB 2000A were used to encapsulate one piece each of 1) 3MTM NEXTELTM Flame Stopping Dot Paper (fire barrier) and 2) a web formed from a non-woven, melt-blown blend of polypropylene/PET (65:35/w:w) fibers and having a thickness of approximately 1 inch (2.5 cm) and an areal weight of approximately 417 grams/meter 2 (commercially available as 3MTM THINSULATETM ACOUSTIC INSULATION AU 4020-6 from 3M Company, St. Paul, MN) such that the adhesive side of the INSULFAB 2000A sheets contacted the fire barrier and the non-woven web.
  • 3MTM NEXTELTM Flame Stopping Dot Paper fire barrier
  • 3MTM NEXTELTM Flame Stopping Dot Paper fire barrier
  • the pieces were laid up so as to provide an overhanging edge of the INSULFAB 2000A layers around the outer border of the fire barrier and non-woven web pieces.
  • the facing adhesive edges of the two INSULFAB 2000A layers were heat sealed together using a tool having a temperature of between 300 and 320°F (149 and 160°C) to produce a final thermal acoustic insulation sample.
  • the sample comprised two pieces of INSULFAB 2000A that had dimensions of approximately 13 inches by 21 inches (33.0 cm by 53.3 cm) and fire barrier and non- woven web pieces that had dimensions of approximately 12 inches by 20 inches (30.5 cm by 50.8 cm), and the overhanging edge of the INSULFAB 2000A layers was approximately 0.5 inches (1.3 cm).
  • the sample comprised two pieces of INSULFAB 2000A that had dimensions of approximately 34 inches by 38 inches (86.4 cm by 96.5 cm) and fire barrier and non-woven web pieces that had dimensions of approximately 32 inches by 36 inches (81.3 cm by 91.4 cm), and the overhanging edge of the INSULFAB 2000A layers was approximately 1.0 inch (2.5 cm).
  • the samples were tested according to the "Radiant Panel Test” and "Burnthrough Test” procedures described above and passed the tests.
  • Example 5 was repeated with the following modification: two layers of 3MTM
  • THINSULATETM ACOUSTIC INSULATION AU 4020-6 material were positioned on one side of the fire barrier material.
  • the resulting thermal acoustic insulation blanket samples passed the "Radiant Panel Test” and the "Burnthrough Test".
  • Example 5 was repeated with the following modification: 3MTM NEXTELTM Flame Stopping Coated Paper was used in place of 3MTM NEXTELTM Flame Stopping Dot Paper. The resulting thermal acoustic insulation blanket was tested and passed the

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un matelas isolant qui comprend : (a) un matériau isolant sensiblement hydrophobe ; et (b) un matériau résistant aux hautes températures ; à condition que le matelas soit dépourvu de gaine de protection.
PCT/US2004/017077 2003-06-09 2004-05-28 Matelas isolant depourvu de gaine de protection WO2004110742A1 (fr)

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US20090173569A1 (en) * 2007-12-20 2009-07-09 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Acoustic absorber with barrier facing
US20090173570A1 (en) * 2007-12-20 2009-07-09 Levit Natalia V Acoustically absorbent ceiling tile having barrier facing with diffuse reflectance
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JP5463903B2 (ja) * 2009-12-24 2014-04-09 トヨタ紡織株式会社 車両用シートのクッション材
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