WO2004025174A1 - 導光板及びバックライト装置 - Google Patents
導光板及びバックライト装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004025174A1 WO2004025174A1 PCT/JP2003/011067 JP0311067W WO2004025174A1 WO 2004025174 A1 WO2004025174 A1 WO 2004025174A1 JP 0311067 W JP0311067 W JP 0311067W WO 2004025174 A1 WO2004025174 A1 WO 2004025174A1
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- Prior art keywords
- guide plate
- light
- light guide
- plate according
- arc
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
- G02B6/0038—Linear indentations or grooves, e.g. arc-shaped grooves or meandering grooves, extending over the full length or width of the light guide
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133615—Edge-illuminating devices, i.e. illuminating from the side
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
- G02B6/0036—2-D arrangement of prisms, protrusions, indentations or roughened surfaces
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a light guide plate that guides light emitted from a light source, and a backlight device that includes the light guide plate and irradiates a liquid crystal display element or the like from the back.
- a light guide plate for guiding light emitted from a light source to the liquid crystal display device, and a pack light device including the light guide plate and illuminating the liquid crystal display device from the back.
- FIGS. 1A, 18 and 1 are diagrams showing the appearance of a conventional light guide plate (for example, see Patent No. 3151830).
- FIG. 1A shows a perspective view
- FIG. 1B shows a top view.
- FIG. 1A also shows a light emitting diode 120 as a light source.
- the light guide plate 110 is made of a transparent material such as, for example, PMMA or polycarbonate, and has a substantially plate-like flat shape.
- the upper surface and the lower surface are an emission surface 112 and a reflection surface 113, respectively, and one side surface is an entrance surface 111.
- a deflection pattern is formed by a plurality of deflection pattern elements 114 for reflecting the light incident from the incident surface 111 toward the emission surface 112.
- the light guide plate 110 that emits light incident from the incident surface 111 on the side surface from the emission surface 112 on the main surface is called a side edge method, and is widely used in mobile phones and the like. Have been.
- the deflection pattern elements 1 1 4 are spaced from each other.
- the longitudinal direction is perpendicular to the traveling direction of light from the light source 120.
- the reflecting surface 113 is divided into regions corresponding to each light source 120, and the light source 120 corresponding to each region is
- the deflection pattern elements 114 are arranged so as to be perpendicular to the light traveling direction.
- the deflection pattern element 114 When the light emitted from the light source 120 enters the light guide plate 110 from the entrance surface 111, and is reflected in the longitudinal direction of the deflection pattern element 114 formed on the reflection surface 113, The light is deflected in the direction of the light exit surface 112 and is emitted from the light exit surface 112.
- the traveling direction of the light is changed, so that it acts as a diffusion effect to weaken the directivity of the light source 120 (light emitting diode), and the generation of the bright line Suppress. That is, in this case, the deflection pattern element 114 has both a reflection function of deflecting in the direction of the emission surface 112 and a diffusion function of suppressing emission line generation.
- the deflection pattern elements 114 are arranged at intervals, there is a problem in that the efficiency of deflection at the reflecting surface in the longitudinal direction is low, and the use efficiency of light emitted from the light source is reduced. In the case of a plurality of light sources, the arrangement of the deflection pattern elements 114 becomes extremely complicated as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a usage mode of a conventional light guide plate and a backlight device.
- the light guide plate 110 is arranged directly below the liquid crystal display device 140 such that the light exit surface 112 faces the lower surface 141 of the liquid crystal display device 140.
- the light emitted from the light emitting diode 120 is incident on the light guide plate 110 from the incident surface 111.
- a hologram in which a light-sensitive film is exposed to a laser beam through a rectangular opening having a diffuser and a large number of speckles are formed at random (US Pat. No. 5,36). No. 5, 354, No. 5, 534, 386).
- the speckle has a substantially elliptical shape, and the major axis and the minor axis of the ellipse have a relationship between the short side and the long side of the opening rectangle and the Fourier transform.
- the laser beam is scattered by each speckle and reproduces the rectangular aperture used for exposure.
- the ratio of the light emitted from the light-emitting surface out of the light incident from the light-entering surface is small, and there is a problem in the efficiency of using the light emitted from the light source.
- the present invention has been proposed in view of the above situation, and has as its object to provide a light guide plate having high light use efficiency and a backlight device provided with such a light guide plate.
- a light guide plate has a light incident surface on a side surface, a light guide plate having a light exit surface on an upper surface or a lower surface, and is provided on a surface facing the light exit surface, A deflecting pattern that receives light rays incident at an angle with respect to the normal line of the light-exiting surface of the light guide plate from the incident surface or the light-exiting surface, and emits light beams having a reduced angle with the normal line.
- a deflection pattern having a plurality of arc-shaped deflection pattern elements formed along a plurality of concentric circles; a light beam from the deflection pattern provided on the emission surface; and a normal to the emission surface.
- Each deflection pattern element preferably has an arc-shaped groove or an arc-shaped ridge.
- Each deflection pattern element preferably has an arcuate inclined surface.
- the deflection pattern includes a plurality of arc-shaped inclined surfaces formed along a plurality of concentric circles.
- the arc-shaped inclined surface is provided in an arc-shaped groove or raised portion.
- the anisotropic diffusion pattern preferably has a surface relief hologram.
- the light guide plate has a substantially rectangular shape, and the center of the plurality of concentric circles is preferably located at or near the vertex of the rectangle.
- the light guide plate has a cutout surface as an incident surface at a vertex of a substantially rectangular shape.
- the incident surface has a fine uneven shape such as a prism shape or a hairline shape for spreading light, or a cylindrical shape.
- the backlight device is a backlight device, wherein the light guide plate and a prism film having a plurality of refraction surfaces respectively formed along a plurality of concentric circles, wherein each refraction surface is A prism film for deflecting a light beam from the emission surface in a direction normal to the emission surface.
- the light guide plate preferably has a rectangular shape, and the center of the plurality of concentric circles preferably has substantially one light emitting point at or near the apex of the rectangle.
- substantially one light emitting point is formed of one LED.
- the light guide plate according to the present invention includes: a reflecting surface having a plurality of circular reflecting grooves formed along a plurality of concentric circles; And a light emitting surface integrally formed with a surf-relief hologram that transmits light while diffusing light in a circumferential direction more largely than a radial direction of the concentric circle.
- the circular reflection groove is formed of a continuous groove that is not interrupted, and the reflection groove has an arcuate inclined surface facing a light source.
- the angle of inclination ⁇ 1 of the arc-shaped inclined surface with respect to the plane of the light guide plate is such that after the light input from the light-entering surface of the side surface is reflected a predetermined number of times by the upper and lower surfaces, the incident angle of the light beam to the light-emitting surface is the critical angle. It is preferable that the angle is 0.5 to 5 degrees so that the light is emitted from the emission surface by the following.
- the aspect ratio of the luminous flux of the diffused light is preferably in the range of 1: 180 to 1: 3.
- the surf-relief hologram has a plurality of linear random speckle regions long in the radial direction of concentric circles.
- the light guide plate further includes a prism sheet that deflects the diffused and transmitted light in a direction normal to a plane of the light guide plate.
- the light guide plate of the present invention in a plate-shaped light guide plate that receives light from an incident surface formed near one vertex and emits this light from an output surface, the light guide plate is formed on a surface facing the output surface.
- a diffuser that diffuses the emitted light more in the circumferential direction than in the radial direction of the circumference.
- the diffuser is a hologram having a plurality of speckles whose longitudinal direction is the radial direction of the circumference.
- the entrance surface is formed in a cylindrical shape whose axis is a normal direction perpendicular to the exit surface.
- the backlight device of the present invention is a backlight device having a light guide plate formed into a cylindrical shape whose axis is a normal direction perpendicular to the emission surface. The distance between the light guide plate and the incident surface of the light guide plate is set to 0.35 mm or less.
- the light guide plate according to the present invention is a rectangular light guide plate having an emission surface and a reflection surface facing the emission surface, wherein the reflection surface is provided with a plurality of concentrically arranged discontinuous portions.
- the inclination angle ⁇ 1 of the inclined surface with respect to the reflecting surface is 40 to 50 degrees, and the center of the concentric circle is located at or near one vertex of the rectangle of the light guide plate.
- the emission surface has an anisotropic diffusion pattern that diffuses and transmits a light beam incident from the deflection pattern at an angle equal to or less than a predetermined angle with respect to a normal line of the emission surface.
- the anisotropic diffusion pattern is to diffuse light rays incident from the deflection pattern so that the diffusion width in the direction orthogonal to the radial direction of the concentric arc is larger than the diffusion width in the radial direction. It is characterized by.
- a flat portion is provided between the inclined surfaces.
- the pitch of the inclined surface decreases as the distance from the light emitting point increases.
- the inclination angle 1 is preferably 40 to 50 degrees with respect to the emission surface.
- the anisotropic diffusion pattern has a service relief hologram.
- the surface relief hologram has a plurality of linear random speckle regions that are long in the radial direction of concentric circles.
- the surface relief hologram is formed integrally with the exit surface of the light guide plate.
- the aspect ratio of the luminous flux of the diffused light is preferably in the range of 1: 180 to 1: 3.
- the entrance surface is preferably formed with a fine concave / convex shape such as a prism or a hairline for spreading light.
- a pack light device includes the light guide plate.
- a light emitting point is provided at one vertex of the rectangle of the light guide plate or in the vicinity thereof.
- the light emitting point is composed of LED.
- a light guide plate is a light guide plate having at least one side surface as an incident surface, having a rectangular exit surface orthogonal to the incident surface, and a reflective surface facing the exit surface, The reflection surface receives a light beam incident at an angle with respect to a normal line of the light exit surface from the light incident surface or the light exit surface, and emits a light beam having a reduced angle with respect to the normal line.
- An anisotropic diffusion pattern that diffuses and transmits light incident from the deflection pattern at an angle, wherein the anisotropic diffusion pattern converts the light incident from the deflection pattern into a radius of the concentric arc.
- the width of diffusion in the direction It is intended to diffuse such diffusion widths in the direction perpendicular to the direction increases.
- the center of the concentric circle is located on or near any side surface of the light guide plate.
- Each deflection pattern element preferably has an arc-shaped groove or an arc-shaped ridge.
- Each deflection pattern element preferably has an arcuate inclined surface.
- the deflection pattern includes a plurality of deflection patterns formed along a plurality of concentric circles. It is preferable to provide the arc-shaped inclined surface of the above.
- the circular inclined surface is provided in a continuous groove or a continuous raised portion that is not interrupted, and is inclined in the light source direction with respect to the emission surface. By doing so, the area of the inclined surface can be maximized, and the efficiency of using the light emitted from the light source is improved.
- the angle of inclination ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ of the arc-shaped inclined surface with respect to the plane of the light guide plate is such that, after the light input from the light-entering surface of the side surface is reflected a predetermined number of times on the upper and lower surfaces, the incident angle of the light beam on the light-emitting surface is the critical angle. It is preferable that the angle is 0.5 to 45 degrees so that the light is emitted from the emission surface by the following.
- the anisotropic diffusion pattern has a surface relief hologram.
- the surf-relief hologram has a plurality of linear random speckle regions long in the radial direction of concentric circles.
- the surface relief hologram is formed integrally with the exit surface of the light guide plate.
- the aspect ratio of the luminous flux of the diffused light is preferably in the range of 1: 180 to 1: 3.
- the entrance surface is preferably formed with a fine concave / convex shape such as a prism or a hairline for spreading light.
- a light guide plate is a light guide plate having at least one side surface as an incident surface, having a substantially rectangular exit surface orthogonal to the incident surface, and a reflection surface facing the exit surface,
- the reflection surface has a deflection pattern that receives a light beam incident from the incident surface or the emission surface, and emits the light beam so as to be emitted substantially perpendicularly from the emission surface.
- the deflection pattern includes a plurality of concentric circles.
- a plurality of arc-shaped deflecting pattern elements formed at a predetermined angle, and the exit surface forms an angle of not more than a predetermined angle with respect to a normal line of the exit surface.
- anisotropic diffusion pattern that diffuses and transmits a light ray incident from the turn, wherein the anisotropic diffusion pattern is configured to transmit a light ray incident from the deflection pattern in a radial direction of an arc of the concentric circle. Is also diffused so that the diffusion width in the direction orthogonal to the radial direction becomes large.
- the center of the concentric circle is located on or near any side surface of the light guide plate.
- the deflection pattern element emits the light beam such that an angle formed by the light emitting surface and the normal line of the light beam is smaller than a certain value in a range of 0.5 to 5 degrees.
- the deflection pattern element has an arc-shaped groove or an arc-shaped ridge.
- the deflection pattern element has an arcuate inclined surface.
- the deflection pattern includes a plurality of arc-shaped inclined surfaces formed along a plurality of concentric circles.
- the arc-shaped inclined surface is provided in a continuous groove or a continuous raised portion that is not interrupted, and is inclined in the light source direction with respect to the emission surface.
- an inclination angle ⁇ 1 of the arc-shaped inclined surface with respect to the emission surface is 40 degrees to 50 degrees.
- the anisotropic diffusion pattern preferably has a surface relief hologram.
- the surface relief hologram has a plurality of linear random speckle regions that are long in the radial direction of concentric circles.
- a pack light device includes the light guide plate.
- the pack light device has, in addition to the light guide plate, an optical film that deflects light emitted from the light guide plate in a direction normal to the plane of the light guide plate. You can also.
- the optical film is a prism film having a plurality of refraction surfaces formed along a plurality of concentric circles.
- the optical film is an optical film on which a diffraction grating or a hologram is formed.
- the light guide plate has one or more light emitting points substantially at or near the incident surface.
- substantially one or two or more light emitting points are each composed of one LED.
- the light use efficiency of the light guide plate and the backlight device including the light guide plate can be improved.
- FIG. 1A is a perspective view showing the appearance of a conventional light guide plate.
- FIG. 1B is a top view showing the appearance of a conventional light guide plate.
- FIG. 2 is a front view showing a conventional light guide plate.
- FIG. 3A is a top view illustrating the light guide plate according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3B is a front view showing the light guide plate of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3C is a perspective view showing the light guide plate according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing dimensions of each part of the light guide plate.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an optical path in the light guide plate.
- FIG. 6 is an enlargement of the hologram formed on the exit surface by 200 times.
- FIG. 7 is a further enlarged hologram shown in FIG.
- FIG. 8A is a diagram for explaining the properties of the hologram, and shows the angle dependence of the intensity of light emitted from points P 1, P 2, and P 3 on the emission surface 12 of the light guide plate.
- FIG. 8A is a diagram for explaining the properties of the hologram, and shows the angle dependence of the intensity of light emitted from points P 1, P 2, and P 3 on the emission surface 12 of the light guide plate.
- FIG. 8B is a diagram for explaining the properties of the hologram, and is a perspective view three-dimensionally showing the intensity distribution of light emitted from the point P 2 on the emission surface 11 of the light guide plate 10.
- FIG. 9A is a diagram illustrating anisotropic angle dependence of the light diffusion characteristics of the hologram, and is a diagram illustrating the angle dependence of the light intensity of the emitted light in the 0 direction.
- FIG. 9B is a diagram illustrating the anisotropic angle dependence of the light diffusion characteristics of the hologram, and is a diagram illustrating the angle dependence of the light intensity of the emitted light in the r direction.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a bright line appearing in the light immediately before being incident on the hologram.
- FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a configuration of an apparatus for manufacturing a hologram according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a region of the hologram to be irradiated with laser light.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a part of a backlight device composed of a light guide plate and an optical sheet (prism film).
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an optical sheet.
- FIG. 15A is a top view showing a light guide plate according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 15B is a front view showing the light guide plate of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 15C is a perspective view showing a light guide plate according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing dimensions of each part of the light guide plate.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an optical path in the light guide plate.
- FIG. 18A is a top view showing a light guide plate according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 18B is a front view showing a light guide plate according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 18C is a perspective view showing a light guide plate according to the third embodiment.
- Fig. 19 shows the reflection grooves of the polarization pattern element formed on the reflection surface. is there.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing dimensions of each part of the light guide plate.
- FIG. 21A is a view for explaining the properties of the hologram, and is a top view showing the angle dependence of the intensity of light emitted from points P 1 and P 2 on the emission surface 12 of the light guide plate.
- FIG. 21B is a diagram for explaining the properties of the hologram, and is a perspective view three-dimensionally showing the intensity distribution of light emitted from the point P 2 on the emission surface 12 of the light guide plate 10.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing bright lines that appeared in light immediately before being incident on the hologram.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram showing an optical sheet.
- FIG. 24A is a diagram illustrating a first specific example of the light guide plate according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 24B is a diagram illustrating a second specific example of the light guide plate according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 24C is a diagram illustrating a third specific example of the light guide plate according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram showing the dependence of the pitch of the reflection groove on the distance from the light emitting diode.
- an Xyz orthogonal coordinate system is set in the figure. That is, the X-axis and the y-axis are set along the two sides of the upper surface or the lower surface of the light guide plate in the light traveling direction in the light guide plate, and the z-axis is set in the normal direction of the emission surface.
- the positive and negative directions of the z axis are referred to as up and down.
- the light incident on the light guide plate from one light source using the notch surface (R shape) formed on one side surface of the vertex of the light guide plate having a substantially rectangular shape as the incident surface is:
- the light travels through the light guide plate while repeating total reflection.
- the angle gradually rises with each reflection at the reflection groove, and the angle with respect to the light exit surface gradually decreases.
- the light exits from the light exit surface.
- FIG. 3A, 3B and 3C schematically show the light guide plate according to the first embodiment.
- a light emitting diode (LED) 20 as a light source is also shown.
- FIG. 3A is a top view of the light guide plate 10
- FIG. 3B is a front view of the light guide plate 10
- FIG. 3C is a perspective view of the light guide plate 10.
- the light guide plate 10 includes an incident surface 11 on which the light from the LED 20 is incident, a reflecting surface 13 on which the incident light from the incident surface 11 or the reflected light from the emitting surface 12 is reflected, and an upward light. And an emission surface 12 for emitting light.
- the light guide plate 10 is made of a transparent material having a constant refractive index, such as an acrylic resin such as PMMA, polyolefin, or polycarbonate, and has a substantially rectangular upper and lower surface. It has a substantially plate-like shape.
- the entrance surface 11 has a round shape (or an arc shape) formed at one of the vertices of the rectangular shape.
- the incident surface 11 is constituted by a part of a cylinder having a predetermined radius extending in the z direction with the vicinity of the vertex as an axis. This allows Light from the LED 20 is efficiently incident on the light guide plate 10.
- the incident surface 11 is not limited to the cylindrical surface, but may be a flat surface. In this case, it is preferable that this plane is a plane orthogonal to the diagonal line of the rectangular shape and parallel to a tangent plane of the cylindrical surface.
- Reflecting surface 1 3 is a schematic, it is formed in parallel to the lower surface and the X y plane of the light guide plate 1 0.
- the reflecting surface 13 has a plurality of concentric reflecting grooves (arc-shaped deflection pattern elements or arc-shaped grooves) 14 as a plurality of concentric continuous deflection pattern elements centered on the vertex or a point o located in the vicinity thereof.
- the reflection groove 14 is formed continuously from one side face 10a of the light guide plate 10 to the other side face 10b. Most of the reflecting surface 14 is used for reflecting light. Therefore, the reflecting surface 13 in which the reflecting groove 14 is formed as in the present embodiment has a high efficiency of reflecting the incident light in the direction of the emitting surface 12 and increases the light use efficiency of the light guide plate 10. .
- the reflection groove 14 is not limited to the concentric shape as described above, but may have another curved shape.
- the shape may be elliptical.
- FIG. 4 shows a detailed cross section of the light guide plate 10 including the reflection groove 14.
- the reflection groove 14 has a first inclined surface 14a and a second inclined surface 14b, which are arc-shaped inclined surfaces facing the light source.
- the first inclined surface 14 a has a predetermined finite angle ⁇ 1 (inclination angle) with respect to the emission surface 12.
- the second inclined surface 14 b has a predetermined finite angle H 2 (inclination angle) with respect to the emission surface 12.
- the symbol p indicates the width of the reflection groove 14. The same applies to the following.
- FIG. 5 shows the operation of the first inclined surface 14a.
- the first inclined surface 14a forms the light incident on the entrance surface 11 at an angle 1 with the exit surface 12 and forms an angle ⁇ 2 with the exit surface 12.
- the light rising on the first inclined surface 14a is emitted from the emission surface 12 when the angle formed with the normal to the emission surface 12 becomes smaller than the critical angle (in FIG. 5, the point X 1 ).
- the angle 1 formed by the first inclined surface 14a and the emission surface 12 be small. That is, as the angle ⁇ 1 is smaller, the light gradually rises due to the reflection from the first inclined surface 14a, and the emission angle of the light emitted from the emission surface 12 (the normal to the emission surface and the emission angle). Angle with the light) is always almost equal to the critical angle. Therefore, the directions of the light emitted from the emission surface 12 are aligned.
- An angle ⁇ 1 (inclination angle) formed between the first inclined surface 14 a and the emission surface 12 is 0.5 to 5 degrees, preferably 0.5 to 3 degrees, and more preferably 1 to 3 degrees. Degrees.
- the second inclined surface 14b does not have the above-mentioned reflection effect, and it is preferable that the second inclined surface 14b is as large as possible from the viewpoint of the reflection effect. However, it is easy to remove the mold when forming the light guide plate 10 described later. 90 ° or less is preferable from the viewpoint of the above.
- the second inclined surface 14b is preferably at 80 to 90 degrees, and more preferably at 87 to 89 degrees.
- the interval p between the adjacent reflection grooves 14 can be constant, preferably 30 to 500 ⁇ m, and more preferably 200 to 40 ⁇ m. 0 ⁇ m, and more preferably 250 to 300 ⁇ m. If the interval P is constant, moire may appear due to interference with the cell arrangement of the liquid crystal display element. Therefore, the interval can be intentionally set at random.
- the distance a (FIG. 4) between the emission surface 12 of the light guide plate 10 and the reflection surface 13 is 0. It is 3 to 3.0 mm, preferably 0.5 to 1.0 mm, and more preferably 0.6 to 0.8 mm.
- the light incident on the incident surface 11 from the light emitting diode 20 is reflected from the exit surface 12 and the reflection surface until the angle between the normal to the exit surface 12 and the critical angle is reached.
- the light travels through the light guide plate 10 while repeating total reflection in 13, and exits from the exit surface 12 when the angle formed by the normal to the exit surface 12 reaches the critical angle.
- the emission surface 12 is formed on the upper surface of the light guide plate 10 of the light guide plate 10 which is parallel to the xy plane.
- a hologram as an anisotropic diffusion pattern having anisotropy is formed on the emission surface 12.
- This hologram is called a surface relief hologram to distinguish it from a three-dimensionally formed hologram.
- 6 and 7 are enlarged views showing details of the hologram 22 formed on the exit surface.
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the hologram magnified 200 times
- FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the hologram further enlarged.
- the light incident on the hologram is diffused more strongly in the circumferential direction than in the radial direction by the linear speckles 22a.
- the diffusion ratio between the circumferential and radial diffusivities is determined by the dimensions of the major and minor axes of the speckle. Is determined.
- the hologram has a function as a diffuser.
- FIG. 8A and 8B are diagrams for explaining the operation of the hologram in more detail.
- FIG. 8A is a top view showing the angle dependence of the intensity of light emitted from points P 1, P 2, and P 3 on emission surface 12 of light guide plate 10.
- FIG. 8B is a perspective view three-dimensionally showing an intensity distribution of light emitted from point P 2 on emission surface 12 of light guide plate 10.
- FIG. 9A and 9B show the intensity distribution of the emitted light.
- FIG. 9A shows the intensity distribution of the outgoing light in the 0 direction
- FIG. 9B shows the intensity distribution of the outgoing light in the r direction.
- the half-width ⁇ fl of the diffusion angle ⁇ ⁇ in the circumferential direction ⁇ ⁇ is more strongly diffused in the circumferential direction ⁇ than in the radial direction r. Is the half-width ⁇ r of the diffusion angle ⁇ r in the r direction. Larger than ( ⁇ 0. ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ).
- the half width ⁇ r in the r direction Is 0 and ⁇ ⁇ . ⁇ 5 degrees, more preferably 0 and ⁇ 0 ⁇ 1 degree.
- the half width ⁇ ⁇ in the ⁇ direction Is preferably 5 to 70 degrees, more preferably 5 to 30 degrees, and still more preferably 5 to 10 degrees.
- the full width at half maximum ⁇ ⁇ Q and the full width at half maximum ⁇ r. is preferably in the range of 1: 180 to 1: 3.
- the hologram transmits the light emitted from the emission surface 12 in the circumferential direction largely diffused compared to the radial direction of the concentric arc. Due to the anisotropic diffusion effect of the hologram, the light guide plate 10 realizes a uniform intensity distribution of emitted light in the ⁇ direction. Above all, the appearance of a bright line in the light emitted from the emission surface 12 is prevented.
- FIG. 10 shows a bright line appearing in light emitted from the emission surface 12 when the isotropic diffusion element is provided on the emission surface.
- the light reflected by the continuous reflection grooves 14 on the reflection surface 13 has a number of paths reaching the viewpoint V0. Therefore, when the light guide plate 10 is viewed from the viewpoint V 0, a bright line B appears on a line connecting the light emitting diode 20 and the viewpoint V 0.
- the hologram 22 formed on the emission surface 12 diffuses (anisotropically) light more strongly in the ⁇ direction than in the r direction. Therefore, when the light source direction is viewed from the viewpoint V O, the intensity of the light beam toward the viewpoint V O is suppressed, and the appearance of the bright line BL is prevented.
- the diffusion angle of the emitted light in the r direction is suppressed, so that the fluctuation of the critical angle in the r direction due to the hologram as the diffuser is suppressed, and thus the uniformity of the emission angle is ensured.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing an outline of a hologram 22 manufacturing apparatus.
- This device includes a laser light source (not shown) that emits a laser beam having a predetermined wavelength in the Z direction, a first shielding plate 8 having a slit-like (for example, 1 mm width) first opening 81a in the X direction. 1, a second shielding plate 8 2 having a triangular second opening 8 2 a opened in the Y direction, and a triangular third opening 8 3 a opening in the Y direction
- a third shielding plate 83 having a photosensitive film 84 made of, for example, a photopolymer, and a circular table 85 rotating therearound; and a supporting member 8 rotatably supporting the circular table 85 around an axis.
- a first slider 88 that fixes and supports the support member 87, a second slider 89 that supports the first slider 88 so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction, and a second slider 89 that supports the first slider 88 in the Y-axis direction. It has a base 90 that supports the movement.
- An appropriate focusing lens (not shown) is provided between the shielding plates 82 and 83.
- the opening 81a is provided with a diffuser such as a polished glass that diffuses and transmits the laser light L.
- the combination of the first and second openings 81a and 82a acts as a linear opening (or a narrow rectangular opening) 201 having a predetermined length with respect to the laser light. That is, the linear opening (or elongated rectangular opening) 201 has a width of the first opening 81 a as a short side, and a distance in the X direction at which the second opening 82 a overlaps with the opening 81 a. Long side.
- the third shielding plate 83 transmits the light beam of the light beam located at the third opening 83a. Therefore, at the position of the photosensitive film 84, a light spot is formed by the light beam transmitted through the opening 83a.
- the photosensitive film 84 is moved forward to a desired circumferential position j31 (FIG. 12). A light spot can be formed. Also, by moving the second slide 89 in the Y-axis direction with respect to the base 90, the light spot is roughly moved to a desired radial position r1 (FIG. 12) of the photosensitive film 84. Can be formed.
- a desired area 84a of the photosensitive film (FIG. 12) Light spots can be formed.
- the laser beam L passes through the first opening 81a, it is diffused by the diffuser.
- the laser light diffused by the diffuser forms a large number of substantially elliptical (or linear) random speckles on the photosensitive film 84.
- the average dimension of the short axis and the long axis of the random speckle respectively corresponds to the dimension of the long side and the short side of the rectangle, and the directions of the long axis and the long side are orthogonal to each other. More specifically, assuming that the long side and the short side are L and W, the average dimension of the short axis and the long axis is LhZL, h / W.
- ⁇ is the wavelength of the laser light
- h is the distance between the aperture 81 a and the photosensitive film.
- the random speckle roughly has a linear or elongated elliptical shape extending in the radial direction of a circle centered on a point of the photosensitive film corresponding to the rotation center of the turntable 81.
- the entire photosensitive film 84 is exposed by performing multiple exposure in which exposure is repeated for each region 84a.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a part of a pack light device (or a surface light source device) having the light guide plate and the optical sheet (prism film).
- FIG. 14 is a top view showing the optical sheet.
- the optical sheet (prism film) 50 is made of a transparent material such as PMMA, polyolefin or polycarbonate, and faces the flat upper surface 51.
- the lower surface 52 has a surface 53 forming a prism-like structure that is concentrically continuous.
- the optical sheet may have a prism shape formed of a photocurable resin on a polyethylene terephthalate film or the like.
- the optical sheet 50 has an emission surface 12 2 of the light guide plate 10 such that the center of the concentric reflection groove 14 formed on the reflection surface 13 of the light guide plate 10 substantially coincides with the center of the concentric circle. Installed on top.
- the prism surface can be directed both to the light guide plate and to the opposite side. The preferred one may be selected from the relationship between the angle of the light emitted from the light guide plate and the vertex angle of the prism.
- the Pakkurai winding device having a light guide plate 1 0 and the optical sheet 5 0, light emitted from the exit surface 1 2 of the light guide plate 1 0 forms an emission surface 1 2 angle 7 1, gamma 2 is small Includes component light L 1 and L 2.
- the optical sheet 50 deflects the light L 1, L 2 that forms a large angle with the upper surface 51 when the light L 1, L 2 having a small angle with the emission surface 12 of the light guide plate 10 is incident from the lower surface 52. (L 1 ', L 2').
- the optical sheet 50 improves the frontal intensity of light emitted to the liquid crystal display device. Even if the prism structure surface of the optical sheet is oriented in the direction opposite to the light guide plate side, a suitable prism top A similar effect can be obtained by selecting the corner.
- the pack light device (or surface light source device) can be used as a backlight in a liquid crystal display device such as a mobile phone and an electronic organizer.
- a liquid crystal display device such as a mobile phone and an electronic organizer.
- a notch formed on one side of a vertex of a light guide plate having a substantially rectangular shape is used as an incident surface, and light incident on the light guide plate from one light source passes through the entire light guide plate. The light travels while repeating reflection, and is emitted from the exit surface at a small exit angle when reflected by the reflection groove.
- This embodiment has the same configuration as that of the above-described first embodiment except for the reflection groove. Therefore, the same reference numerals are given to the common parts, and the description is omitted.
- FIGS. 15A, 15B and 15C schematically show the light guide plate of the second embodiment.
- a light emitting diode (LED) 20 as a light source is also shown.
- FIG. 15A is a top view of the light guide plate 10
- FIG. 15B is a front view of the light guide plate 10
- FIG. 15C is a perspective view of the light guide plate 10.
- the light guide plate 10 includes an incident surface 11 on which the light from the LED 20 is incident, a reflecting surface 13 on which the incident light from the incident surface 11 or the reflected light from the emitting surface 12 is reflected, and an upward light. And an emission surface 12 for emitting light.
- the light guide plate 10 is made of a transparent material having a constant refractive index such as, for example, PMMA, polyolefin, or polycarbonate, and has a substantially plate-like shape having a substantially rectangular upper surface and a lower surface. .
- the entrance surface 11 is formed at one of the vertices of the rectangular shape.
- the incident surface 11 may be a part of a cylinder having a predetermined radius extending in the Z direction with the vicinity of the vertex as an axis.
- the incident surface 11 is not limited to the cylindrical surface but may be a flat surface. I can do it. In this case, it is preferable that this plane is a plane orthogonal to the diagonal line of the rectangular shape and parallel to a tangent plane of the cylindrical surface.
- the entrance surface 11 may be formed with a fine uneven shape such as a prism or a hairline for spreading light.
- the reflection surface 13 is generally formed on the lower surface of the light guide plate 10 parallel to the xy plane.
- the reflecting surface 13 has a plurality of concentric continuous inclined surfaces 14 centered on a point o located at or near the apex.
- the inclined surface 14 is formed continuously from one side surface 10a of the light guide plate 10 to the other side surface 10b.
- FIG. 16 shows a detailed cross section of the reflecting surface 13 including the inclined surface 14.
- the reflecting surface 13 is configured by alternately arranging flat portions and inclined surfaces 14.
- the inclined surface 14 has a first inclined surface 14a facing the light source and a second inclined surface 14b facing the opposite direction to the light source.
- the first inclined surface 14 a has a predetermined finite angle ⁇ 1 (inclination angle) with respect to the reflecting surface 13.
- the second inclined surface 14 b has a predetermined finite angle ⁇ 2 (inclination angle) with respect to the reflecting surface 13.
- the symbols ⁇ and ⁇ ′ indicate the width and the interval (pitch) of the reflection groove 14, respectively.
- the first inclined surface 14 a and the second inclined surface 14 b are written so as to form a concave portion with respect to the reflecting surface 13. May be formed with a convex portion.
- FIG. 17 shows the operation of the first inclined surface 14a.
- the first inclined surface 14a is configured to transmit the light incident on the entrance surface 11 at an angle ⁇ ⁇ with the exit surface 12 in FIG. To light that forms an angle ⁇ 2.
- the angle 1 is in the range of 40 to 50 degrees, the angle of the light hitting the first inclined surface 14a with respect to the normal line of the exit surface 12 is smaller than the critical angle.
- the light is emitted from the emission surface 12.
- the emitted light exits at an angle close to the normal direction of the exit surface 12. Therefore, according to this light guide plate, a pack light having a high front luminance (luminance in the normal direction of the emission surface 12) can be obtained without using a deflection film such as a prism sheet.
- the light that hits the plane portion does not change its angle with the normal, and therefore continues to be guided inside the light guide plate 10 without exiting from the exit surface 12.
- the second inclined surface 14b is preferably 90 degrees or less from the viewpoint of facilitating die cutting when forming a light guide plate 10 described later.
- the second inclined surface 14b is preferably at 80 to 90 degrees, and more preferably at 87 to 89 degrees.
- the interval p ′ between the adjacent reflection grooves 14 may be changed from place to place according to the distance from the light source so that the emitted light distribution becomes uniform.
- the width P of the reflection groove or the reflection protrusion may be changed for each location according to the distance from the light source. In this case, the depth of the reflecting groove or the height of the reflecting ridge changes from place to place.
- one side surface of the light guide plate having a substantially rectangular shape is used as an incident surface, and light incident on the light guide plate from a plurality of light sources travels through the light guide plate while repeating total reflection inside the light guide plate. Each time the light is reflected, the angle gradually rises, and the angle with respect to the exit surface gradually decreases. When the critical angle is reached, the light exits from the exit surface.
- This embodiment has the same configuration as that of the above-described first embodiment except for the arrangement of the light source and the reflection groove, and the like. .
- FIGS. 18A, 18B and 18C schematically show a light guide plate according to the third embodiment.
- LEDs light emitting diodes
- FIG. 18A is a top view of the light guide plate 10
- FIG. 18B is a front view of the light guide plate 10
- FIG. 18C is a perspective view of the light guide plate 10.
- the light guide plate 10 includes an incident surface 11 on which the light from the LED 20 is incident, a reflecting surface 13 on which the incident light from the incident surface 11 or the reflected light from the emitting surface 12 is reflected, and an upward light. And an emission surface 12 for emitting light.
- the light guide plate 10 is made of a transparent material having a constant refractive index such as, for example, PMMA, polyolefin, or polycarbonate, and has a substantially plate-like shape having a substantially rectangular upper surface and a lower surface. .
- the entrance surface 11 is substantially orthogonal to the reflection surface 13 and the emission surface 12. Light emitted from the four light emitting diodes 20 arranged linearly at substantially equal intervals in opposition to the incident surface 11 enters the light guide plate 10 from the incident surface 11.
- the reflection surface 13 is generally formed on the lower surface of the light guide plate 10 parallel to the xy plane.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram showing details of the arrangement of the reflection grooves of the polarization pattern element formed on the reflection surface 13.
- the reflecting surface 13 is composed of a plurality of concentric continuous deflections centered on a point O having a distance d from the incident surface 11 on a straight line LM that approximately bisects the incident surface 11 and the reflecting surface 13. It has reflection grooves (arc-shaped deflection pattern elements or arc-shaped grooves) 14 as pattern elements.
- the distance d is smaller than the size of the incident surface 11.
- the dimension may take, for example, the width of the incident surface 11 from one side 10a to the other side 10b.
- the center O of the concentric circle does not necessarily need to be located on the straight line LM.
- it may be located in the vicinity of the straight line LM and in or near the incident surface 11.
- the reflection groove 14 is not limited to the concentric shape as described above, but may have another curved shape.
- the shape may be elliptical.
- four light emitting diodes 20 serving as light sources are arranged to face incident surface 11.
- the center O of the concentric circle of the reflection groove 14 of the polarization pattern is near the straight line LM, and the incident surface 1 It is located in or near 1.
- the light reaching the point P may have a path from each light emitting diode, and the traveling directions are all different.
- the reflection efficiency is maximized when the reflection groove is formed perpendicular to the traveling direction of the light to be reflected.However, the direction of the reflection groove at point P is perpendicular to the light from the specific light emitting diode. In this case, the reflection efficiency of light from the other light emitting diodes becomes extremely poor, and as a result, the overall reflection efficiency becomes low.
- the reflection groove is formed so as to be perpendicular to the line connecting point O and point P, light from all the light emitting diodes can be reflected on average, and the overall efficiency Is improved. Even if the position of the point P is changed, the same argument holds, so that it is understood that the reflection grooves should be arranged concentrically around the point o.
- the reflection groove 14 is formed continuously from the entrance surface 11 to the entrance surface 11 or from the side surface 10a to the reflection surface formed by the other side surface 10b (also, the reflection groove Most of the reflection light is used to reflect light 14. Therefore, the reflection surface 13 having the reflection groove 14 as in the present embodiment has the efficiency of reflecting incident light in the direction of the emission surface 12.
- Fig. 20 shows an enlarged cross section of the light guide plate 10 including the reflection groove 14. This figure shows an example in which a flat portion is provided between the reflection grooves. In this case, instead of the reflection groove (concave shape with respect to the light guide plate), a reflection ridge (a convex shape with respect to the light guide plate) may be used.
- the symbol p ′ indicates the width and interval (pitch) of the reflection groove 14. The same applies to the following.
- FIG. 20 shows an example in which a flat portion is provided as an example, and it goes without saying that the flat portion may not be provided as shown in FIG.
- FIGS. 21A and 21B are diagrams for explaining in detail the operation of the hologram in the present embodiment.
- FIG. 21A is a top view showing the angle dependence of the intensity of light emitted from points P 1 and P 2 on the emission surface 12 of the light guide plate 10.
- FIG. 21B is a perspective view three-dimensionally showing an intensity distribution of light emitted from the point P 2 on the emission surface 12 of the light guide plate 10.
- the light emitted from the points P 1 and P 2 on the light exit surface 12 of the light guide plate 10 is converted by the hologram formed on the light exit surface 12 into a circular arc of the concentric circle as shown by ellipses E l and E 2. It is more strongly diffused in the circumferential direction ⁇ than in the radial direction r.
- the circles C 1 and C 2 in FIGS. 21A and 21 B are emitted from points P 1 and P 2 when an isotropic diffusion element is provided on the emission surface 12 for reference.
- the light intensity distribution is shown.
- the light emitted from the emission surface has an isotropic intensity distribution represented by circles C l and C 2.
- the hologram transmits the light emitted from the emission surface 12 in the circumferential direction largely diffused compared to the radial direction of the concentric arc. Due to the anisotropic diffusion effect of the hologram, the light guide plate 10 realizes a uniform intensity distribution of the emitted light in the zero direction. Above all, the appearance of a bright line in the light emitted from the emission surface 12 is prevented.
- FIG. 22 shows a bright line appearing in light emitted from the emission surface 12 when the isotropic diffusion element is provided on the emission surface.
- the light reflected by the continuous reflection grooves 14 on the reflection surface 13 has a number of paths reaching the viewpoint V0. Therefore, when the light guide plate 10 is viewed from the viewpoint VO, a bright line B appears on a line connecting the light emitting diode 20 and the viewpoint V 0.
- the hologram 22 formed on the exit surface 12 strongly (anisotropically) diffuses light in the 0 direction as compared with the r direction. Therefore, when the light source direction is viewed from the viewpoint V0, the intensity of the light beam toward the viewpoint V0 is suppressed, and the appearance of the bright line BL is prevented.
- the fluctuation of the critical angle in the r direction due to the hologram as a diffuser is suppressed by suppressing the diffusion angle of the outgoing light in the r direction, and the uniformity of the outgoing angle is thereby reduced. Secured.
- FIG. 23 is a top view showing the optical sheet.
- the optical sheet (prism film) 50 is made of a transparent material such as PMMA, polyolefin or polycarbonate, and has a lower surface 5 opposed to a flat upper surface 51.
- 2 has a surface 53 forming a prism-shaped structure that is concentrically continuous.
- the optical sheet may have a prism shape formed of a photocurable resin on a polyethylene terephthalate film or the like.
- the optical sheet 50 has an emission surface 1 of the light guide plate 10 such that the center of the concentric reflection groove 14 formed on the reflection surface 13 of the light guide plate 10 substantially coincides with the center of the concentric circle. Installed on 2.
- the prism surface may be directed to the light guide plate side or to the opposite side. A preferable one may be selected from the relationship between the angle of light emitted from the light guide plate and the prism apex angle.
- the backlight device having a light guide plate 1 0 ⁇ Pi optical sheet 5 0, light emitted from the exit surface 1 2 of the light guide plate 1 0, the angle 7 1, y 2 which forms the output surface 1 2 Includes light L 1 and L 2 of small components.
- the optical sheet 50 deflects the light L 1, L 2, which forms a large angle with the upper surface 51, when the light L 1, L 2 having a small angle with the emission surface 12 of the light guide plate 10 is incident from the lower surface 52. (L 1 ', L 2').
- the optical sheet 50 improves the frontal intensity of light emitted to the liquid crystal display device.
- the same effect can be obtained by selecting an appropriate prism apex angle even when the prism structure surface of the optical sheet is oriented in the direction opposite to the light guide plate side.
- the pack light device (or surface light source device) can be used as a pack light in a liquid crystal display device such as a mobile phone and an electronic organizer.
- a liquid crystal display device such as a mobile phone and an electronic organizer.
- the reflection surface has a flat portion and a reflection groove.
- the reflection surface has a flat portion and a reflection groove.
- one ⁇ ⁇ side surface of the light guide plate having a substantially rectangular shape as an incident surface, light incident from a plurality of light sources travels inside the light guide plate while repeating total reflection between the flat portion of the reflection surface and the emission surface, When the light is reflected by the inclined portion of the reflection groove, it is emitted almost perpendicularly from the emission surface.
- This embodiment has the same configuration as that of the above-described third embodiment except for the reflecting surface. Therefore, the same reference numerals are given to the common parts, and description thereof will be omitted.
- FIGS. 24A, 248 and 240 are cross-sectional views of a light guide plate according to the fourth embodiment.
- the top view and the perspective view of the light guide plate of the fourth embodiment are the same as FIGS. 3A and 3C shown in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 24A is a cross-sectional view showing a third specific example of the fourth embodiment.
- the reflection surface 13 has a plane portion 13 a parallel to the emission surface 12 and a first inclined surface 14 a inclined (not parallel) to the emission surface 12. And a reflection groove 14.
- the first inclined surface 14a forms an arc-shaped inclined surface (arc-shaped polarizing pattern element) continuously and concentrically formed without interruption.
- the width ⁇ of the reflection groove 14 is kept constant, and the pitch ⁇ of the reflection groove 14 is set to decrease as the distance from the light emitting diode 20 increases.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram showing the dependence of the pitch of the reflection groove on the distance from the light emitting diode.
- the pitch ⁇ of the reflection groove 14 decreases according to the distance from the light emitting diode 20 of the light source. That is, as the distance from the light emitting diode 20 on the reflecting surface 13 increases, the distribution of the reflecting grooves 14 becomes denser.
- the width ⁇ ′ of the reflection groove 14 is constant.
- the light incident on the light guide plate 10 from the entrance surface 11 travels while repeating total reflection between the plane portion 13 a of the reflection surface 13 and the exit surface 12, and once When the light is reflected by the first inclined surface 14a of the reflection groove 14, the light exits from the exit surface 12 substantially perpendicularly, in other words, the angle formed by the exit surface 12 (the exit angle) is small.
- the exit angle is preferably less than 5 degrees, more preferably less than 3 degrees, even more preferably less than 1 degree, and most preferably less than 0.5 degrees.
- the pitch p of the reflection groove 14 is reduced as the distance increases, and the distribution of the reflection groove 14 is set to be dense. (See Figure 25). As the distribution of the reflection grooves 14 becomes denser, the distribution ratio of the first inclined surfaces 14a of the reflection grooves 14 gradually increases.
- the rate at which light traveling in the light guide plate 10 is reflected by the reflection groove 14 increases in accordance with the distance.
- uniform light is emitted from the emission surface 12 irrespective of the distance by appropriately setting the dependency of the pitch p on the distance by using such properties.
- This dependence can be appropriately set in accordance with various parameters such as the distribution of incident light from the light emitting diode 20 serving as a light source and the refractive index of the light guide plate 10.
- FIG. 24B is a sectional view showing a second specific example of the fourth embodiment.
- the width p ′ of the reflection groove 14 is set to increase as the distance from the light emitting diode 20 increases, while keeping the pitch p of the reflection groove 14 constant. As the width p ′ of the reflection groove 14 increases, the area of the first inclined surface 14 a of the reflection groove 14 also increases according to the distance.
- FIG. 24C is a cross-sectional view showing a third specific example.
- This specific example has a reflection groove (or a reflection protrusion) 14 having a convex shape with respect to the plane portion 13 a of the reflection surface 13.
- the second inclined surface 14b forms an arc-shaped inclined surface (arc-shaped polarization pattern element) continuously and concentrically formed without interruption. Except for the reflection groove 14, this example has the same configuration as the first or second example.
- the light that travels while repeating total reflection between the light guide plate 10 and the plane portion 13 a of the reflection surface 13 and the emission surface 12 is the second of the reflection grooves 14 forming an angle ⁇ 2 with the emission surface 12.
- the light is reflected by the inclined surface 14 b of the light emitting device, the light is emitted from the light emitting surface 12.
- the width p or the pitch p of the reflection groove 14 appropriately with respect to the distance from the light emitting diode 20, uniform light can be emitted from the emission surface 12. .
- the light source may be a substantially point light source, and may be a one-chip LED, a two-chip LED, or a multi-chip LED.
- the shape of the reflection groove is not limited to a circle, but may be an appropriate curve, for example, an elliptical shape.
- the light guide plate according to the present invention is useful for guiding light emitted from a light source to a liquid crystal display device for illuminating a liquid crystal display device such as a mobile phone.
- the backlight device according to the present invention includes the light guide plate, and is useful for illuminating the liquid crystal display device from behind.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
- Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
- Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2004535885A JP4165509B2 (ja) | 2002-08-30 | 2003-08-29 | 導光板及びバックライト装置 |
EP03795253A EP1544537A4 (en) | 2002-08-30 | 2003-08-29 | OPTICAL GUIDE PLATE AND RETROECRATIVE DEVICE |
AU2003261840A AU2003261840A1 (en) | 2002-08-30 | 2003-08-29 | Light guide plate and backlight device |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2002-255432 | 2002-08-30 | ||
JP2002255432 | 2002-08-30 |
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WO2004025174A1 true WO2004025174A1 (ja) | 2004-03-25 |
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PCT/JP2003/011067 WO2004025174A1 (ja) | 2002-08-30 | 2003-08-29 | 導光板及びバックライト装置 |
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EP (1) | EP1544537A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4165509B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20050037595A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1678866A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003261840A1 (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI274195B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004025174A1 (ja) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TWI274195B (en) | 2007-02-21 |
CN1678866A (zh) | 2005-10-05 |
EP1544537A4 (en) | 2005-11-30 |
AU2003261840A1 (en) | 2004-04-30 |
KR20050037595A (ko) | 2005-04-22 |
JP4165509B2 (ja) | 2008-10-15 |
EP1544537A1 (en) | 2005-06-22 |
JPWO2004025174A1 (ja) | 2006-01-12 |
TW200419202A (en) | 2004-10-01 |
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