WO2004059103A1

WO2004059103A1 - Façade element, method for producing the façade element and façade system

Info

Publication number: WO2004059103A1
Application number: PCT/EP2003/012678
Authority: WO
Inventors: Reiner Grebe
Original assignee: Hering Bau Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date: 2002-12-23
Filing date: 2003-11-13
Publication date: 2004-07-15
Also published as: EP1579094A1; DE10260684A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a plate-shaped façade element, which has a thickness <= 20 mm (1) and which is, in essence, made of concrete, comprises a reinforcing insert consisting of a glass fiber woven fabric or of a glass fiber bonded fabric and comprises at least one concrete-imbedded retaining element (5, 6) for the concealed attachment of the façade element (1). The invention also relates to a method for producing the façade element (1) and to a façade system comprising a façade element (1).

Description

Facade element Process for the production of the facade element and facade system

The invention relates to a facade element, a method for producing this facade element and a facade system in which this facade element is used.

In the following, "facade" means the front side of a building and those components which are involved in the creation of the optical one conveyed by the front side. Impression are involved.

The facades of buildings are formed on the one hand by the load-bearing construction of the building itself. Examples include buildings with exposed masonry or those with concrete walls. On the other hand, the load-bearing walls of buildings are clad by curtain walls.

In particular, if the front side of the building is or has become unsightly due to its construction or due to signs of aging, there is a desire to improve the visual impression conveyed by these buildings by installing a facade placed in front of the outer walls of the building.

Facade elements provided for this purpose are known in diverse designs and designs. As an example, reference is made here to suitably pretreated tongue and groove profiles made of wood or plastic, which are usually nailed or screwed onto a slatted structure screwed onto the outside of the building wall.

It is also known that prefabricated, plate-shaped concrete elements or natural stone elements directly on the housing wall or on a to support vertical or horizontal profiles. For this purpose, the plate-shaped concrete elements regularly have holding elements which are adapted to the supporting structure in such a way that they ensure a secure hold of the element on the supporting structure.

These holding elements are connected to the plate-shaped concrete element, which for this purpose is provided with bores into which dowels or mandrels adapted to the holding element are inserted.

In order to ensure a firm fit of the holding elements in the plate-shaped concrete element, the concrete elements must have a certain minimum thickness. The minimum panel thickness is therefore limited to a value of 4 cm. Since the weight of a single facade element should not exceed a critical value in order not to limit its manageability beyond the dimensions, the maximum area dimension of the concrete element is limited. The consequence of this is an increased effort in the production of the facade as well as an often uneasy-looking visual impression due to a large number of joints extending over the front side.

Furthermore, it is disadvantageous that due to the requirement of drilling, the subsequent insertion of dowels into the bore and finally the screwing in of the fastening elements, the effort associated with the production of a ready-to-install concrete element is high.

The invention has for its object to provide a facade element that is easier to handle and its manufacturing costs are reduced. This object ^" is achieved by the facade element reproduced in claim 1

The facade element according to the invention, which consists essentially of concrete, is characterized by a reinforcement insert made of a glass fiber fabric or a glass fiber fabric. This reinforcement insert increases the stability of the facade element while reducing its thickness. In order nevertheless to be able to provide holding elements for fastening the facade element which are not visible from the front of the facade element facing the viewer, the facade element comprises at least one holding element which is concreted into the facade element during its manufacture.

It has been shown that a facade element according to the invention can have a thickness of 20 mm or less without the stability of the facade element itself and the holding elements attached to it falling below a critical value.

The reinforcement insert is preferably arranged approximately at half the plate thickness. It is - particularly preferably - made of an alkali-resistant material so that there is no harmful reaction with the concrete.

With regard to the weight and the possibility of optical design, it is advantageous if for the. Production of the facade element according to the invention an easy-to-compact concrete is used.

The concrete can be colored to achieve a desired visual impression. This has the advantage that minor damage - such as for example, smaller flaking off the surface - does not significantly disturb the visual impression conveyed by the facade element.

In order to influence the facade optics, the facade element according to the invention, which faces the viewer in the assembled state, can be smooth, fine-washed, acidified, blasted or ground, for example. It goes without saying that different areas of an individual facade element can also be treated differently.

The concrete, at least one. Retaining element preferably protrudes from the rear facing away from the viewer in the assembled state. If, as is particularly preferred, it has a projection which extends in a plane approximately parallel to the rear, the facade element can be fastened by hanging it in a suitable supporting structure, which in turn is fastened to the wall of the building.

An embodiment of the facade element according to the invention is particularly preferred in which the at least one holding element comprises a threaded sleeve embedded in concrete, into which a cap screw is screwed. The projection, which extends in a plane approximately parallel to the rear, is then formed by the screw head.

The thickness of the facade element is preferably <40 mm. An embodiment of the facade element according to the invention, the thickness of which is ≤ 20 mm, is particularly preferred. The facade element is also particularly easy to handle if its area dimension is <0.8 m ² . The facade element gives an optically good impression when a surface dimension is 1.20 mx 0.60 m. It is also advantageous in the case of a facade element according to the invention that, owing to the design of the holding elements and its low weight, it can optionally be replaced individually in a facade having a plurality of facade elements. For this purpose, the facade elements located above only have to be raised slightly until the supporting structure releases the projections of the holding elements of the facade element to be replaced.

The invention also relates to a method suitable for producing the facade element. It includes the following steps:

Inserting and adjusting the at least one holding element by means of devices mechanically connected to the formwork;

Filling of easily compactable concrete in a horizontally arranged formwork until about half the board thickness is reached;

Inserting the glass fiber fabric or the glass fiber fabric;

Filling easily compactable concrete until the end plate thickness is reached;

Removal of the hardened facade element from the formwork as well

possibly carrying out a surface treatment; Cure in a climatic chamber.

Furthermore, the invention also relates to a facade system with a support system which can be attached to a building wall and which has a regular arrangement of keyhole-shaped openings on the side facing away from the building wall and at least one facade element according to the invention.

The support system preferably comprises a plurality of vertical profiles in which the keyhole-shaped openings are provided. These profiles are - particularly preferably - fastened to the building wall with approximately horizontally arranged fastening struts. This measure ensures that there is a distance between the building wall and the rear of the facade elements, which allows the intermediate storage of heat insulation material, for example. This measure can also - if necessary or desired - ensure adequate ventilation of the facade.

The fastening struts are preferably adjustable in length in order to be able to compensate for manufacturing tolerances of the building wall.

In order to avoid mechanical stresses in the facade element due to temperature fluctuations, for example, while at the same time ensuring a firm fit of the facade element so that it does not clatter against the support system even in strong winds, there is preferably at least one between each facade element and the support system provided elastic element. This can be made of rubber or an elastomer, for example. In the drawing, an embodiment of a facade element according to the invention and a facade system according to the invention is shown. Show it:

Fig. 1: - schematically and in sections - an embodiment of a facade element according to the invention, in which different holding elements are drawn in the left and right half, in a perspective view;

2 shows a section through the facade element according to section line II - II in FIG. 1;

3 shows a first embodiment of a holding element in an individual representation in a view corresponding to FIG. 1;

FIG. 4: a second exemplary embodiment of a holding element in a view corresponding to FIG. 3;

5: - schematically - a facade system according to the invention in a perspective view and

6: a section of the side of a support system facing the facade elements.

The facade element 1 has a rectangular shape. It is made of lightly compacting concrete in accordance with DIN 1045 and the guidelines of the German Committee for Reinforced Concrete using the casting process in a horizontal formwork. As is to be symbolized on the basis of FIG. 2, the facade element comprises a reinforcement 2, which is arranged approximately in the middle between the front side 3 facing the viewer in the assembled state and the rear side facing the building wall.

Four holding elements 5, 6 protrude from the rear side 4, the spacing of which is adapted to a supporting structure to be described. In the half of the facade element 1 shown on the left in FIG. 1, a first embodiment of the holding element 5 is shown, which is shown enlarged in FIG. 3, it comprises a threaded sleeve 7 with a radially projecting anchoring plate. The length of the threaded sleeve 7 is dimensioned such that it is flush with the back 4 of the facade element 1 in the laminated state. The anchoring plate 8 provides a firm fit of the threaded sleeve after the concrete has hardened, even against tensile stress. A cap screw 9 is screwed into the threaded sleeve 7. The underside of the head 10 forms a projection 11 which extends in a plane parallel to the rear side 4 of the facade element 1.

The holding element 6 shown in the right half in FIG. 1, which is shown in detail in FIG. 4, is made in one piece from flat material made of metal. This flat material is angled such that two mutually facing tabs 12, 13, two parallel legs 14, 15 running parallel to one another, two projections 16, 17 running parallel to the tabs 12, 13 and guide surfaces impinging at an angle of 45 ° therefrom 18, 19 are present. The holding element 6 is laminated with its tabs 12, 13 so deep into the facade element 1 that a distance remains between the projections 16, 17 and the rear side 4 of the facade element, which is adapted to the support system to be described. 5 u. 6, the structure of the facade system according to the invention will now be explained. It comprises a support system 20 which consists of vertical profiles 21 which are fastened to the building wall 24 and to one another by means of horizontally arranged fastening struts 22, 23. The fastening struts 22, 23 are designed to be length-adjustable so as to enable the mounting of the profiles 21 in an adjusted manner. This is particularly important since the position of the profiles 21 is predetermined by the lateral spacing of the holding elements 5, 6 on the back of the facade elements 1.

As symbolized by FIG. 6, keyhole-shaped openings are incorporated in the sides 25 of the profiles 21 facing the facade elements 1, in a regular arrangement, not shown in the drawing, which allows the individual facade element 1 to be mounted closely adjacent to one another. As is already apparent from the drawing, the facade element is mounted in that it is in a somewhat elevated position relative to the end position, in which in the case of the holding element according to. Fig. 3, the head 10, according to the holding element. Fig. 4, the guide surfaces 18, 19, are inserted into the upper region 26 of the keyhole-shaped opening 27. As soon as the projections 11 and 16 u. 17 reach behind the counter surfaces formed by the profile 21, the facade element is lowered so that by engagement of the holding elements 5, 6 in the narrow region 28 of the opening 27 can no longer be moved horizontally and thus the facade element 1 is fixed to the support system 20.

As can further be seen from FIG. 5, heat-insulating material 29 can be introduced between the building wall 24 and the rear side 4 of the facade elements 1. REFERENCE SIGNS LIST

1. Facade element

2. Reinforcement

3. Front

4. Back side

5. Holding element

6. Holding element

7. Threaded sleeve

8. Anchoring plate

9. Head screw

10. Head

11th lead

12. Tab

13. Tab

14.thigh

15.thigh

16. Head start

17th lead

18. Guide surface

19. Leadership area

20. Support system

21. Profile

22. Fixing screw

23. Fixing screw

24. Building wall

25th page

26. Area

27. Opening

28th area

Claims

claims

1. Plate-shaped facade element (1), which consists essentially of concrete, with a reinforcement insert (2) made of a glass fiber fabric or a glass fiber fabric and with at least one laminated holding element (5, 6) for fastening the facade element (2).

2. Facade element according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the reinforcement insert (2) is arranged somewhat on half the plate thickness.

3. Facade element according to claim 1 or 2, dad urc ^ characterized in that the reinforcement insert (2) is alkali resistant.

4. Fassaαeneiement according to one of claims 1 to 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the concrete is easily compacting concrete.

5. Facade element according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the concrete is colored.

6. facade element according to one of claims 1 to 5, d a d u rc h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the surface of the north side (3), which in the assembled state of the facade element

(1) faces the viewer, is smooth as shuttering, finely washed, acidified, blasted and / or sanded.

7. facade element according to one of claims 1 to 6, ad u rch ge ke n nze I n et that the at least one holding element (5, 6) from the in the assembled state of the facade element (1) facing away from the viewer (4) protrudes.

8. facade element according to claim 1 to 7, d ad u rch ge ke n nze i ch n et that the at least one holding element (5, 6) in a to the rear (4) approximately parallel plane extending projection (11; 16th , 17).

9. facade element according to claim 8, d ad u rch g e ke n n I n et that the at least one holding element comprises a laminated threaded sleeve (7) and a head screw screwed therein (9).

10. facade element according to one of claims 1 to 9, d a d u rc h g e ke n n ze i c h n et that the thickness of the plate is <20 mm.

11. A method for producing a plate-shaped facade element (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, comprising the following steps:

Inserting the at least one holding element (6, 7) by means of a device mechanically connected in the form of the scarf;

Pouring flowable concrete into a horizontally arranged formwork until about half the board thickness is reached;

Inserting the glass fiber fabric or the glass fiber fabric; Filling of flowable concrete until the end plate thickness is reached;

Removal of the hardened facade element from the formwork as well

if necessary, carry out a surface treatment curing in a climatic chamber

12. Facade system with a support system (20) which can be attached to a building wall (24) and has a regular arrangement of keyhole-shaped openings (27) on the side facing away from the building wall (24) and with at least one facade element (1) according to one of Claims 1 until 10.

13. Facade system according to claim 12, characterized in that the support system (20) comprises a plurality of vertical profiles (21) in which the keyhole-shaped openings (27) are provided.