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WO1996025569A1 - Feuille composite permeable a la vapeur d'eau permettant de proteger le beton de l'eau - Google Patents

Feuille composite permeable a la vapeur d'eau permettant de proteger le beton de l'eau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996025569A1
WO1996025569A1 PCT/JP1996/000345 JP9600345W WO9625569A1 WO 1996025569 A1 WO1996025569 A1 WO 1996025569A1 JP 9600345 W JP9600345 W JP 9600345W WO 9625569 A1 WO9625569 A1 WO 9625569A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
moisture
sheet
concrete
permeable
composite sheet
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP1996/000345
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yoshihiro Chikamori
Satoshi Yamamoto
Original Assignee
Japan Gore-Tex Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Japan Gore-Tex Inc. filed Critical Japan Gore-Tex Inc.
Priority to KR1019960705825A priority Critical patent/KR970702413A/ko
Priority to EP96902459A priority patent/EP0757139A4/fr
Priority to AU46760/96A priority patent/AU691724B2/en
Publication of WO1996025569A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996025569A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D12/00—Non-structural supports for roofing materials, e.g. battens, boards
    • E04D12/002—Sheets of flexible material, e.g. roofing tile underlay
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D5/00—Roof covering by making use of flexible material, e.g. supplied in roll form
    • E04D5/12—Roof covering by making use of flexible material, e.g. supplied in roll form specially modified, e.g. perforated, with granulated surface, with attached pads

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a waterproof sheet useful for waterproofing a concrete surface hit on a roof or an outer wall of a building, and has a moisture permeability, so that water vapor generated from inside the concrete can be radiated to the outside.
  • Concrete that is easy to connect with the adhesive at the construction site because it is made of a material that does not place an excessive burden on the workers because of its light weight and is easy to connect and bond between the sheets.
  • the present invention relates to a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet for waterproof treatment.
  • Waterproofing sheets used for waterproofing concrete surfaces are primarily used for concrete on roofs and exterior walls to prevent rainwater from entering the building from cracks etc. on the concrete surface. It is used with its surface in close contact with the surface, but if it is made of a non-permeable material only for this purpose, the water vapor generated inside the concrete can be radiated to the outside. Condensation occurs between the concrete surface and the tarpaulin. This causes swelling and peeling of the sheet, and further penetrates the interior of the concrete to promote corrosion of the reinforcing steel. For this reason, in recent years, sheets for concrete waterproofing have been required to have not only a waterproof property but also a function of moisture permeability or a function of dispersing water vapor into the outside atmosphere.
  • the present invention relates to a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet used in such a technical field, and a connection which has not been solved in a conventional moisture-permeable waterproof sheet. It solves the technical problem of reducing the weight of the sheet and improving the connection workability to improve the workability.
  • An air-permeable material such as a non-woven fabric is attached to the concrete surface, a non-breathable rubber sheet for waterproofing is attached to an outer surface of the air-transporting material, and a deaerator (a vacuum pump or the like) is used.
  • a deaerator a vacuum pump or the like
  • a method of sucking and discharging water vapor from the outside it is theoretically possible that the water vapor generated from the interior of the concrete can be discharged to the outside by the deaerator, but the deaeration process is generally longer, and in practice, It does not provide a deaeration effect, requires special equipment such as a deaeration device, and is expected to require high construction and running costs, as well as management that requires continuous maintenance and inspection.
  • the use of a rubber-based waterproofing sheet has the disadvantage that the sheet itself becomes very heavy, which places a heavy burden on workers.
  • a non-breathable rubber sheet is attached to the concrete surface, and at least one through-hole (through hole) is provided in this rubber sheet, and the through-hole portion is formed by stretching a polytetrafluoroethylene film.
  • a waterproof sheet with air holes which is covered with a composite film of a fiber material and a stretched polytetrafluoroethylene film, and is bonded to the rubber sheet in a liquid-tight manner by bonding, fusion, or the like. 7 No. 1).
  • this method has a problem that liquid-tight bonding between the rubbery sheet and the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene film or the fiber material at the through-hole portion is practically extremely difficult.
  • a deaerator in which a composite film of a re-stretched polytetrafluoroethylene film and a fiber material and a rubber frame are integrated by batch processing at a factory.
  • a convenient method has been adopted in which a waterproof sheet is attached at the site so as to cover the hole, and the rubber frame of the component and the rubber sheet are re-adhered with an adhesive.
  • the production cost and the construction cost of the gas in one place are high, which limits the number of places to be installed, and as a result, it is not possible to obtain a sufficient effect of discharging water vapor. Since there is no change to using a waterproof sheet, there is still the problem of being very heavy and burdening workers.
  • Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-458772 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-458772
  • the waterproof function is assigned to the water-repellent polytetrafluoroethylene membrane, and the use of the porous membrane ensures water vapor transmission from the entire surface of the waterproof sheet. Well secured It can be said that there is.
  • the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet used in this method has a two-layered sheet composed of a breathable and flexible cushioning material or a protective layer made of a fibrous material, and a porous polytetrafluoroethylene membrane side.
  • a breathable and flexible cushioning material or a protective layer made of a fibrous material and a porous polytetrafluoroethylene membrane side.
  • the weight is not so large, and the problem of burden on the workers has been solved.
  • the porous polytetrafluoroethylene film layer is placed on the outermost layer of the sheet, the polytetrafluoroethylene film is often damaged by foreign substances such as pebbles and sand, and the initial waterproofness is maintained in the construction environment. Doing so is often difficult in practice.
  • the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet of the present invention a flexible and lightweight sheet having a large number of air holes is used as a protective layer instead of the protective layer made of the fiber material layer of the conventional three-layer moisture-permeable waterproof sheet. According to the present invention, it is difficult to waterproofly bond the sheets of the conventional technology while maintaining the moisture permeability and the weight of the entire waterproof sheet. It provides a solution to the problem. In other words, the present invention provides a solution to the urgent technical requirement that waterproof connection and adhesion between sheets can be easily obtained at the construction site. To offer.
  • one side of a water-repellent and moisture-permeable polymer film such as a porous polytetrafluoroethylene film
  • a protective cloth having air permeability and cushioning properties.
  • a three-layer composite sheet in which a lightweight and flexible sheet having a large number of ventilation holes on one side is laminated and fixed by partial adhesion or fusion between the respective layers to achieve the above object. And completed the present invention.
  • a protective cloth having air permeability and cushioning property is partially laminated or partially fused on one surface of a polymer film having water repellency and moisture permeability, and a large number of conductive films are formed on the remaining one surface.
  • a moisture-permeable composite sheet for concrete waterproofing comprising a structure in which a lightweight and flexible sheet having pores is laminated and fixed by partial adhesion or partial melting.
  • the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet according to the present invention is composed of a sheet or film-like material having air permeability or moisture permeability over the entire or partial area, and furthermore, has a gas permeability or moisture permeability between each of the layers. Are laminated and adhered by a method that does not impair (partial adhesion or fusion). Therefore, the waterproof sheet has air permeability or moisture permeability as a whole.
  • the protective cloth side having air permeability and cushioning property is used for the concrete surface side, so that the concrete sheet and the waterproof sheet can be placed at the time of construction. It is possible to prevent the water-repellent and moisture-permeable polymer film from being damaged by foreign objects such as pebbles and sand, and also to reduce the impact from the outside. Molecular membrane Can be sufficiently protected. In addition, even if cracks occur in the concrete, since this protective cloth has elasticity and is not damaged by the cracks, the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet is broken. It is also possible to prevent separation at the bonding interface with the REET.
  • the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet according to the present invention is obtained by laminating a lightweight and flexible water-resistant sheet having a large number of air holes on the outermost layer (the side opposite to the protective cloth surface). While maintaining the overall breathability or moisture permeability, and also contributing to weight reduction, the intermediate layer sheet is prevented from being subjected to external impact and damage from foreign matter.
  • the moisture-permeable waterproof sheets can be easily connected and bonded to each other with an adhesive in a waterproof manner. If this lightweight and flexible sheet has little air permeability or moisture permeability by itself, a large number of air holes are provided on the sheet surface in advance, so that the air permeability or moisture permeability of the entire moisture permeable waterproof sheet can be improved. Significant damage can be avoided.
  • the ventilation holes are formed independently of each other and are not connected in the direction of the sheet surface, so that the waterproofness of the connection portion is not impaired.
  • a protective cloth (lc) having air permeability and cushioning property is laminated on one surface of a polymer membrane (lb) having water repellency and moisture permeability by partial adhesion or partial fusion. It has a structure in which a lightweight and flexible sheet (la), which is fixed and has a large number of ventilation holes on one side, is laminated and fixed by partial adhesion or partial fusion.
  • Water repellency and moisture permeability constituting one constituent material layer of the moisture permeable waterproof sheet according to the present invention As the polymer film (lb) having a polymer film, a polymer film made of any polymer compound such as polyolefin, polyurethane, polyester, polychlorinated vinyl, cellulose, or fluorine-containing polyolefin is used. You.
  • the polymer membrane does not have to be porous, but from the viewpoint of securing large air permeability or moisture permeability, a porous membrane is preferred. From the viewpoint of preventing intrusion of water, the water repellency is desirably at least 90 ° or more in terms of water contact angle. In any case, any polymer film, whether porous or non-porous, which can ensure water repellency and necessary moisture permeability enough to prevent water from entering, Can also be used as appropriate.
  • a water-repellent and moisture-permeable polymer film is a fluorine-containing polyolefin-based polymer film, particularly a porous polytetrafluoroethylene film, and more preferably a stretched polytetrafluoroethylene film. It is a flexible porous polytetrafluoroethylene film.
  • the stretched polytetrafluoroethylene film is obtained by stretching a paste extruded product of a polytetrafluoroethylene fine padder composed of a mixture of polytetrafluoroethylene and a lubricating agent. It is a stretched polytetrafluoroethylene membrane.
  • Polytetrafluoroethylene is an extremely chemically stable material, and is a well-known material with excellent weather resistance, UV resistance, heat resistance, cold resistance, water resistance, water repellency, etc. This material is very suitable for applications that require long-term waterproofness and moisture permeability, such as treatment waterproofing sheets.
  • the preferred film thickness of the porous polytetrafluoroethylene film or the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene film used in the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet of the present invention is determined by the average thickness measured by a dial gauge (1Z manufactured by Tekgaku Co., Ltd.). 1 000 mm dial thickness gauge, measured without applying any load other than the main body spring load,) in the range of 3 to 300 m , more preferable from the viewpoint of imparting flexibility as a waterproof sheet Is suitably in the range of 10 to 150 / ⁇ m, more preferably 20 to 100 ⁇ m. On the other hand, if the thickness is less than 3 m, sufficient mechanical durability cannot be obtained, and the laminating process becomes difficult.
  • the thickness exceeds 300 m, productivity is poor and material costs increase, which is not appropriate in terms of cost.
  • it is preferably from 100 to 150 / im, and considering flexibility, it is from 20 to 100 / xm as described above. Is more preferred.
  • the maximum pore diameter measured by the bubble point method is 0.01 to: I 0 ⁇ m. Any of the above ranges can be used. From the viewpoint of the balance between moisture permeability and water resistance, the one having a range of 0.05 to 5 ⁇ m is preferable, and the one having a range of 0.1 to 3 m is more preferable. A film with a maximum pore size of less than 0.01 ⁇ m cannot provide sufficient moisture permeability, and a film with a maximum pore size of more than 10 / m cannot provide sufficient water resistance.
  • the one with a maximum pore size in the range of 0.1 to 3 ⁇ m is most appropriate.
  • the pore size it is important for the pore size to be important for the moisture permeation rate, JISL 10 It is desirable that the moisture permeation rate measured by the 9 9 B-2 method be at least 500 g / m 2 ⁇ 24 hr.
  • the protective cloth (1c) having a gas-permeable and cushioning property which constitutes the constituent material layer of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet according to the present invention
  • a necessary cloth such as a woven cloth, a knitted cloth, or a nonwoven cloth made of a polymer fiber is used.
  • Any material that has properties and cushioning properties such as polyolefin, polyurethane, polyester, nylon, polyvinyl alcohol, acryl, fluorocarbon, etc. Although it may be a molecule, it is preferable to use a thermoplastic polymer such as a polyolefin, a nylon, or a vinyl chloride in order to ensure adhesion and fusion between the completed waterproof sheets.
  • non-woven fabric has high air permeability and cushioning properties, and has a wide variety of types to choose from and is inexpensive.
  • Non-woven fabrics such as polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon, polyester and polyvinyl alcohol are preferred.
  • the average thickness of this protective cloth is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 20 mm, and more preferably in the range of 0.3 to 10 mm. If the thickness is less than 0.1 mm, sufficient function as a cushioning material cannot be expected, while if it exceeds 2 Omm, productivity is low and cost is high, and the weight of the entire completed waterproof sheet is It is not appropriate, for example, the size becomes large. Therefore, considering these balances, the range of 0.3 to 10 mm is most preferable.
  • a lightweight and flexible sheet (la) having a large number of air holes which constitutes a constituent material layer of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet according to the present invention has continuous holes.
  • Any non-porous water-resistant sheet-like material can be used as appropriate, but a material having a certain degree of buffering property is preferred because it is necessary to protect the moisture-permeable polymer membrane.
  • a material having a small weight per unit area is preferable in order to maintain weight reduction.
  • heat insulation is also a desirable property. From such a viewpoint, the sheet is preferably a closed-cell foam sheet.
  • the material of the closed-cell foam sheet is not particularly limited as long as the above properties are ensured, but polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, polyvinyl acetate, polyethyl acrylate, polyacrylic acid, etc. Or a closed cell foam sheet comprising a mixture of two or more of these. Among them, polyethylene and polypropylene foam sheets are excellent in terms of cushioning, heat insulation, density, weather resistance and cost, and are the most preferable.
  • the thickness of the closed cell foam sheet is preferably 1 to 50 mm, more preferably 2 to 35 mm. If it is less than 1 mm, the cushioning and heat insulating properties are insufficient, and if it exceeds 5 Omm, the flexibility and portability are poor, and the weight increases.
  • the expansion ratio of the closed-cell foam is suitably 5 to 50 times, and more preferably 10 to 40 times. If the expansion ratio is too small, it becomes hard, and if the expansion ratio becomes large, the production becomes difficult and it becomes difficult to handle. In view of the above, the expansion ratio of the closed cell foam sheet is preferably 10 to 40 times.
  • the method of providing the vent in the closed-cell foam sheet may be any known method as long as a through-hole can be obtained, but a method of punching a through-hole after forming the foam sheet is adopted. .
  • the area, shape, pitch, density, distribution, etc. of the ventilation holes are not limited, If the area ratio of the air holes is small, a sufficient moisture permeability cannot be obtained, and if it is too large, the strength and the strain of the foam sheet become weak and the lamination adhesion becomes difficult. Therefore, the surface area ratio of the vent portion is preferably in the range of 0.001 to 40%, and more preferably in the range of 0.1 to 20%.
  • a protective cloth (1c) having air permeability and cushioning properties and a light and flexible sheet (1c) having a large number of air holes are provided on both sides of a polymer membrane (1b) having water repellency and moisture permeability.
  • la) is partially fixed by adhesion or fusion. Partial adhesion or partial fusion is adopted because the entire surface adhesion or fusion will impair the air permeability and moisture permeability of the moisture-permeable polymer membrane.
  • the joining method there are various methods such as adhesion by an adhesive, fusion by heat or high frequency, and any method can be adopted as long as sufficient joining force, water resistance and weather resistance can be obtained.
  • Partial bonding is a bonding method in which an adhesive is partially applied to the surface of a material such as a dot, a line, a grid, or a pattern and laminated and bonded.
  • partial adhesion is adopted, but the adhesive application pattern can be any of dot, line, lattice, pattern, etc. in the former, but the dot is used in the latter.
  • the bonding area ratio is preferably 3 to 90%, and more preferably 10 to 70%. It is. If the bonding area ratio is less than 3%, sufficient lamination bonding strength cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 90%, sufficient air permeability and moisture permeability cannot be obtained. From the balance of adhesive strength, air permeability, and moisture permeability, an adhesive area ratio in the range of 10 to 70% is appropriate. These are almost the same in the case of fusion.
  • the bonding area ratio is 3 to 99.99%, preferably 10 to 99.99%. Is appropriate. If the bonding area ratio is less than 3%, sufficient laminate bonding strength cannot be obtained. As long as the air holes are not filled with the adhesive, an adhesive may be applied to the entire surface of the sheet (la) except for the air holes, and joined to the moisture-permeable polymer film (lb). In this case, the adhesion area may be 99.999% or less, which can satisfy the area ratio of 0.001 to 40% of the vent hole portion. Also in this case, an adhesive area ratio in the range of 10 to 99. 9% is appropriate from the balance of adhesive strength, air permeability, and moisture permeability. These are almost the same in the case of fusion.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded schematic view showing an example of a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows an example of construction of a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet according to the present invention, in the construction state. It is an outline sectional view.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 1 according to the present invention.
  • the sheet 1a with air holes was made by punching out 2.6 mm diameter air holes in the polyethylene foam sheet with a thickness of 4 mm and a foaming ratio of 30 times, all over the entire surface at intervals of 10 mm.
  • the moisture-permeable polymer film 1 b is made of a polytetrafluoroethylene porous membrane having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m and a maximum pore diameter of 0.2 / m, and a protective cloth having air permeability and cushioning properties.
  • 1 c is a polypropylene long-fiber nonwoven fabric having a thickness of 2.0 mm and a weight of 200 gZm 2 .
  • the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 1 In order to manufacture the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 1, first, a polypropylene long-fiber nonwoven fabric and a polytetrafluoroethylene porous membrane are partially bonded by heat fusion that melts the polypropylene nonwoven fabric surface, and then the polytetrafluoroethylene porous A polyethylene foam sheet having ventilation holes on one side of the remaining membrane was bonded by heat fusion to melt the polyethylene foam sheet surface.
  • the bonding area was about 30% at the bonding surface between the polypropylene long-fiber nonwoven fabric and the polytetrafluoroethylene porous membrane, and about 95% at the bonding surface between the polyethylene foam sheet and the polytetrafluoroethylene porous membrane.
  • Water pressure of moisture-permeable waterproof sheet obtained in this Example is 4. 1 kgf / cm 2 der Li, moisture permeability (JISL 1 09 9 B- 2 method) 5 5 0 is g / m 2/24 hr, the moisture-permeable vents portion Despite being limited to, a good moisture permeability was obtained for this application. Installation example 1
  • FIG. 2 shows a working example of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 1 according to the present invention.
  • 3 is a concrete
  • 2 is a polyethylene foam sheet having a thickness of 2 mm, a width of 200 mm, and an expansion ratio of 30 times used for sealing a joint with the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 1. It is.
  • the sheet 2 can be used as long as it has liquid impermeability, waterproofness, and water resistance, but if a sheet of the same material as the sheet of la is used, good adhesion can be easily obtained. This is preferable because it gives a force.
  • Reference numeral 5 denotes a chlorobrene-based adhesive.
  • a synthetic rubber-based adhesive chlorobrene-based, nitrile rubber-based, etc.
  • an epoxy-based adhesive or a thermoplastic adhesive (urethane-based, etc.)
  • urethane-based thermoplastic adhesive
  • Reference numeral 4 denotes a black mouth-prene adhesive, which is applied in a grid pattern on the concrete surface to partially adhere the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 1 and the concrete 3.
  • the adhesive for bonding the concrete 3 and the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 1 is an adhesive having moisture permeability and water resistance as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-63332.
  • a method of applying an adhesive to the entire surface of the concrete surface for adhesion, and a synthetic rubber adhesive (such as black mouth rubber or nitrile rubber), an epoxy adhesive, or a thermoplastic adhesive (urethane adhesive). , Etc.) is applied to the concrete surface partially, such as in the form of dots, lines, grids, patterns, etc.
  • the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet according to the present invention is a water-resistant waterproof sheet in which a protective cloth having air permeability and cushioning property is partially laminated on one surface of a moisture-permeable polymer film by partial adhesion, and a ventilation hole is formed on the remaining one surface of the film.
  • the waterproof sheet is made by laminating the conductive sheets by partial bonding, so that the water vapor generated from the concrete can be efficiently discharged to the outside from the ventilation holes of the sheet.
  • the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet for concrete waterproofing treatment of the present invention can be used as a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet generally used in buildings, such as a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet used between an inner wall and an outer wall of a building.
  • a waterproof and moisture-permeable waterproof composite sheet for buildings that can easily connect and bond And can be widely applied in general.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

Une feuille perméable à la vapeur d'eau mais imperméable à l'eau peut être appliquée à une surface en ciment pour la protéger de l'eau. Elle a une structure dans laquelle un tissu protecteur perméable aux gaz et ayant des propriétés amortissantes est fixé sur une des surfaces d'un film polymère hydrophobe mais perméable à la vapeur d'eau, par fusion partielle ou adhésion. Une feuille flexible légère, ayant un grand nombre de pores pour les gaz, est stratifiée et fixée sur l'autre surface par fusion partielle ou par adhésion.
PCT/JP1996/000345 1994-03-25 1996-02-16 Feuille composite permeable a la vapeur d'eau permettant de proteger le beton de l'eau WO1996025569A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1019960705825A KR970702413A (ko) 1994-03-25 1996-02-16 콘크리트 방수 처리용 투습성 복합 시이트(moisture-permeable composite sheet for water-proofing concrete)
EP96902459A EP0757139A4 (fr) 1995-02-17 1996-02-16 Feuille composite permeable a la vapeur d'eau permettant de proteger le beton de l'eau
AU46760/96A AU691724B2 (en) 1995-02-17 1996-02-16 Moisture-permeable composite sheet for water-proofing concrete

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5340895A JPH08218567A (ja) 1995-02-17 1995-02-17 コンクリート防水処理用透湿性複合シート
JP7/53408 1995-02-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996025569A1 true WO1996025569A1 (fr) 1996-08-22

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PCT/JP1996/000345 WO1996025569A1 (fr) 1994-03-25 1996-02-16 Feuille composite permeable a la vapeur d'eau permettant de proteger le beton de l'eau

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0757139A4 (fr)
JP (1) JPH08218567A (fr)
CN (1) CN1150832A (fr)
AU (1) AU691724B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2188016A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1996025569A1 (fr)

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US7381666B2 (en) 2002-12-20 2008-06-03 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Breathable film and fabric having liquid and viral barrier
CN102345329B (zh) * 2010-07-28 2015-04-08 四国化研(上海)有限公司 层叠体
EP2554758A1 (fr) * 2011-08-02 2013-02-06 DSM IP Assets B.V. Contrôle de la vapeur d'eau disposé face à l'intérieur d'un bâtiment
TWI483975B (zh) * 2013-08-07 2015-05-11 Tai Yuen Textile Co Ltd 多層布與其形成方法
CN103541440B (zh) * 2013-10-10 2015-09-23 苏州兹安金属制品有限公司 一种建筑用墙体防水透湿材料的制备方法
CN105705626B (zh) * 2013-10-29 2018-11-16 学校法人北里研究所 细胞或组织的玻璃化冷冻保存用工具
PL3002382T3 (pl) * 2014-10-02 2018-06-29 Ewald Dörken Ag Membrana dachowa
JP7297205B2 (ja) * 2018-11-02 2023-06-26 ロータリー株式会社 防水工法用通気緩衝シート
CN111169106A (zh) * 2018-11-09 2020-05-19 聚纺股份有限公司 纺织物
KR102569639B1 (ko) * 2020-12-24 2023-08-25 주식회사 알앤피 우진 터널용 결로 및 결빙 방지 방수시트 및 그 제조방법

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EP0757139A1 (fr) 1997-02-05
CA2188016A1 (fr) 1996-08-22
JPH08218567A (ja) 1996-08-27
AU4676096A (en) 1996-09-04
CN1150832A (zh) 1997-05-28
EP0757139A4 (fr) 1998-04-01
AU691724B2 (en) 1998-05-21

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