WO1994016208A1

WO1994016208A1 - Sliding piston internal combustion rotary engine

Info

Publication number: WO1994016208A1
Application number: PCT/CN1994/000002
Authority: WO
Inventors: Bo Tan
Original assignee: Bo Tan
Priority date: 1993-01-03
Filing date: 1994-01-01
Publication date: 1994-07-21
Also published as: AU5695194A

Abstract

The present invention relates to an internal combustion rotary engine including the cylinder (3) and the central member (2) which locates in the center of the said cylinder (3) and is fixed-center rotatable. The said cylinder (3) has a special designed inner surface which continuously keeps in contact with two sealing bars (6) provided in the piston (9) during the said engine operation. The said piston (9) comprises a slide unit which moves bilaterally on the plate located in the central member (2). The said engine can provide output when the expanding gaseous push the piston (9) to turn around the axis of the central member (2). According to the invention, it has advantage over the previous internal combustion rotary engine, such as in structure and cooling system.

Description

Sliding piston rotary internal combustion engine says

The invention relates to an engine, in particular to a sliding-plug rotor engine. When the center body rotates centered, one end of the piston swings back and forth (sliding) on the plane of the center body with a certain swing, and the other end of the piston is inside the carcass. Rotate and slide on the surface.

At present, the most effective rotor engine is the triangular rotor engine invented by Dr. Jianger Kerr. It realizes the work by making the triangle rotor rotate concentrically around the central axis in the elliptical cymbal, and realizes the transformation from the connecting rod piston reciprocating engine to the rotor engine, which greatly reduces the mechanical persuasion loss. However, due to the complicated structure, especially difficult cooling, poor sealing conditions, low torque, etc., it has not been widely used.

The object of the present invention is to provide an engine with a central body and a sliding piston, which solves the problems of the existing rotor engine, such as small structural changes, complicated formation, and poor sealing conditions, and improves the stability of the single-cylinder engine.

The invention provides a sliding-plug rotor engine including: a cylinder block, a piston, a central body, and a central shaft; the piston is provided with a sealing strip, and a sliding device; the sealing strip of the piston has a matching curved surface and can be connected with the annular inner wall of the cylinder body. Sliding fit; when the piston slides along the inner wall of the cylinder, the sealing strip always contacts the inner wall of the cylinder, and at the same time the piston slides back and forth relative to the plane of the central body through the sliding device, the combustion gas expands and acts on the piston, and the piston acts on the center On the body, a certain torque is generated to make the center body rotate and work; The engine also includes an in-cylinder air-cooled component and an electronic high-pressure diaphragm-type fuel injector; a clutch and a balancing device are installed in the central body.

The working principle of this engine is as follows:

1. When the center body rotates centered under the action of torque, it pushes the piston on its plane to rotate together, and at the same time, the piston also slides on the inner surface of the cylinder. When the piston is turned to the air inlet on the cylinder block, the space between the piston and the inner surface of the cylinder block (hereinafter referred to as the "studio") gradually increases, and fresh air (or a combustible gas mixture passing through the oil) ) Enter the studio from the air inlet. The intake stroke is completed.

2- When the piston is turned over the air inlet, the volume of the working room is gradually reduced, and the gas in it is compressed. When the piston continues to the injection port (or spark plug) of the electronic high-pressure injector, the fuel is ejected (or the spark plug ignites), causing the high-temperature compressed gas in the working chamber to burn. The compression stroke is completed.

3. As the piston rotates, the volume of the working chamber gradually increases, and the combustion gas expands to perform work, which acts on the piston to push the center body to rotate. This is the work stroke.

4. When the piston continues to the exhaust port, the volume of the working chamber gradually decreases, and the exhaust gas is discharged from the exhaust port. The exhaust stroke is completed.

The piston is then pushed to the air inlet by the central body, and fresh gas enters the studio. This completes one cycle of the engine.

This engine outputs power from the central axis at both ends of the central body.

The central body has a balancing device and a clutch. The working principles of the two devices are as follows:

When the engine is running, with the rotation of the central body, the balance wheel matched with the fixed wheel is also rotating, that is to say, the mass point of the balance wheel (the mass center of gravity of all balance wheels) is also rotating, and the mass point of the piston (the center of mass of all pistons) ) The rotations are synchronized with the same direction. therefore, The mass-equipped balance wheel balances.

When the tie rod is tightened, the push-pull disk is driven to be tightened, and the squeezing force spring ， is deformed, and the deformation force acts on the friction plate, so that the friction plates are tightened with each other. When the lever is pushed out, the push-pull disk is pushed away from the spring coil, and the spring coil returns to a circular shape, and the disc is released.

The invention has the following advantages:

The internal shape of the engine cylinder can have a variety of shapes, plus the choice of the number of pistons and a reasonable layout, which can make the engine work smoothly and make the engine have different functions.

The engine adopts in-cylinder air cooling, which can simplify the structure and improve the cooling efficiency.

The engine's diaphragm electronic high-pressure injector uses diaphragm injector ¹¹ and replaces the traditional closed injector (bore and pin), with small size and reliable operation.

The clutch device and the balance device are arranged in the center body, which reduces the engine volume. The invention is described below by means of an embodiment and with reference to the drawings.

Figure 1 shows a typical structure of this engine.

Figure 2 shows the principle of air cooling in the cylinder of this engine.

Figures 3, 4, 5, and 6 are schematic diagrams of the termination of the four strokes of this engine.

Figure Ί shows the structure of the diaphragm-type electronic high-pressure injector used in this engine. Fig. 8 is a working state diagram of the diaphragm when high-pressure oil is ejected.

Figure 9 shows the fuel injection shunt circuit for this fuel injection control.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the theoretical design of the shape curve of the engine block.

Figures 11, 12, and 13 are examples of the red body theoretical inline.

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a method for creating an actual red line.

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the fuel injection diaphragm.

Figures 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, and 21 are schematic diagrams of the fitting method of the piston and the central body. Figures 22 and 23 show the central body of this engine with a clutch device and a balance device. Sentence diagram.

Figure 24 is the balance diagram of the particle motion trajectory.

Fig. 25 is a state diagram of the spring coil when the friction plate is tightened.

In the structure shown in FIG. 1, the piston-type rotor engine of the present invention includes a plurality of pistons (9). The pistons (9) are provided with sealing strips (6, 7, 8). The inner wall of the cylinder is slidingly fitted; the other side of the piston (9) is equipped with a sliding device. The central axis (10) is integrated with the central body (2) (it can also be designed separately). The center body (2) is centered and rotated in the direction of the arrow under the load (external torque at start-up and torque from piston when the engine is operating). The plane of the central body pushes the pistons (9) (two) to rotate along the shape of the cylinder (3). At the same time, the piston swings (slides) back and forth with a certain swing relative to the plane of the central body.

This engine works on a four-stroke cycle:

1. Intake stroke: When the piston (9) is turned to the air inlet (27), the space between the piston (9) and the inner wall of the cylinder (3) (hereinafter referred to as "studio") gradually increases in volume and freshness. Air (or flammable mixture) enters the studio.

2. Compression stroke: When the piston (9) rotates through the air inlet (27), the volume of the working chamber will gradually decrease and the gas will be compressed. When the compression reaches a certain level, the high-pressure injector installed at the threaded port (28) starts to inject fuel (or the spark plug installed at the threaded port (28) ignites), and the high-temperature compressed gas in the working chamber starts to burn.

3. Do the persuasion stroke: As the piston (9) continues to rotate, the volume of the working chamber gradually increases, and the high-pressure gas burning in it expands to perform work. The intuitive form of persuasion is: As the volume of the working chamber increases, the piston (9) slides continuously on the plane of the central body (2), and its center line deviates from the center of the central body (that is, the center of the central axis) for a distance. The resultant force of the high-pressure gas in the working chamber on the piston is on the centerline of the piston, so the action of the piston (9) on the center body (2) forms a certain torque to push the center body to rotate. 4. Exhaust stroke: When the piston (9) is turned to the exhaust port (26), the volume of the working chamber gradually decreases, and the exhaust gas is discharged from the exhaust port.

As the piston (9) continues to rotate and turns to the air inlet (27), the working chamber is filled with fresh gas again. In this way, the engine has completed a working cycle.

(6), (7), and (8) shown in the figure are sealing strips, and there are spring sheets under them. (5) is a sealed block with a spring leaf under it. (4) Wheels mounted on the piston (9), which roll relative to the plane on the central body (2). (1) is a blade fixed on the central body (2) (describe its function in detail when explaining FIG. 2).

In FIG. 2, as the central body (2) rotates, the blades (1) fixed thereon rotate accordingly, functioning as a fan, so that the cooling gas (indicated by a small arrow in FIG. 2) moves from the first one. The wall hole of the end cover (31) is sucked into the cylinder block (3), and then hangs out from the wall hole of the other end cover (29). As the air inlet ((27) in Figure 1 communicates with the cylinder block (3). In order to prevent the cooling gas from flowing into the air inlet (27), the air inlet (27) can be equipped with a flute that acts as a check valve. Tablets.

Figures 3, 4, 5, and 6 show the end state of the intake stroke, the end state of the compression stroke, the end state of the persuasion stroke, and the end state of the exhaust stroke. (25) is the spark plug (or injector), and (27) and (26) represent the air inlet and exhaust port.

Structure diagrams 7, 8, 9, and 15 specifically illustrate the structure and working principle of the diaphragm electronic high-pressure injector:

The electronic high-pressure diaphragm-type fuel injection system includes a main body (19), an external wire group (18), a coil (18) communicating with a shunt circuit having a shunt resistor (R), and a valve stem (30) slidably It is installed in the center hole of the main body (14). A suction piece (11) is provided on the upper end of the valve stem (30), which is connected to a spring piece (12). The housing (14) is provided with an adjustable adjustable piece that can cooperate with the suction piece (11). Contact (24); the lower end of the central hole of the main body is provided with an oil guide block (20) with a ring groove, and the oil guide block (20) A flexible diaphragm (21) with a central hole is installed below; the central hole of the main body communicates with the oil inlet nozzle (23).

1. Fuel injection process: In Figure 7, when the engine's central body (in (1) (2)) sleeps a certain range of angles, the circuit of the coil (18) is turned on, and a current flows through the coil (18). The injector body (19) at the center of the injector is magnetic and attracts the suction piece (11) to overcome the elastic force of the spring piece U2) and pushes the valve stem (30) to move downward. The valve rod pushes the fuel in the oil passage (called "main oil passage") of the main body (19) into the annular groove of the oil guide block (20). Due to the elasticity of the diaphragm (21), the fuel in the annular groove reaches The diaphragm (21) can be bent only after a certain pressure (the formation of high-pressure oil), so the high-pressure oil in the annular groove is ejected from the center hole of the diaphragm (21) and enters the working chamber through the hole on the village jacket (22).

In Figure 8, the small arrow indicates high-pressure oil, the diaphragm (21) is curved, and (3) is the engine body.

2. Fuel injection termination: When the suction blade (11) descends to contact the reed contact (24), the injector stops fuel injection. Because at this time, the switch K in the shunt circuit (as shown in FIG. 9) is turned on, and a part of the current flows through the shunt resistor R, and the coil L (that is, the current in (18) in FIG. 7 is reduced, and the suction plate (11) is subjected to The suction force is reduced to be slightly larger than the spring force of the spring plate (12), but it is not enough to let the fuel be injected into the working room. That is to say, the center body ((2) in Figure 1) has not yet passed the energization of the coil (18). In the range, once the suction piece (11) contacts the contact point (24), it can keep contact until the central body (2 (2) in sleepy) turns over the energizing range of the coil (18). Therefore, the shunt circuit is avoided The disadvantage that the fuel injection amount caused by the vibration of the suction plate (11) is difficult to control.

3. Reset of the valve stem (30): When the central body ((2) in Fig. 1) is turned over the current range of the coil (18), no current passes through the coil (18), and the suction piece (11) loses magnetic attraction. Bounced by the spring piece (12), driving the valve stem (30) upward until the contact limit screw inspection (13) stops. At this time, the main oil path is in a vacuum state, and the fuel is sucked into the main oil from the grease nipple (23). Road to Wait for the next injection.

4. Reset of the diaphragm (21): When the valve stem (30) stops descending, the oil pressure in the oil path drops, and the diaphragm (21) restores straightness by its own elastic force, and comes into close contact with the oil guide block (20). Its central hole is blocked by the oil guide block (20), which prevents fuel in the main oil circuit from leaking into the cylinder block ((3) in Figure 1) and gas in the cylinder block ((3) in Figure 1) from entering the main oil path.

There are many types of diaphragms. Figure 15 shows another diaphragm 5.

Adjustment of fuel injection amount: Turn the adjusting bolt (16) to drive the reed contact (24) to rotate, adjust the vertical displacement of the reed contact (24), and control the stroke of the suction plate (11). The amount of fuel injected is controlled.

In Fig. 7, (15) is an insulating gasket, (17) is a wire connected to the shunt resistor R (see Fig. 9), and (14) is a case.

The following describes the design principle of the shape line of the engine cylinder with reference to Figures 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14:

Basic shape line design: In Figure 10, line segment BC and line segment DE are two opposite sides of any even-numbered equilateral polygon. The line segment AB is an adjacent edge of BC, and the point O is the center of the circle passing through the midpoint of each side of the polygon. This circle is represented by © O, and the dotted circle in FIG. 10. F and H are the midpoints of the DE and AB sides, and G is any point on the OF line. Point I is the intersection of BG and HO. Draw circular solitary lines BC and AB with G and l as the center of the circle, respectively. Since the solitary intersection point of two circles B and their centers G and I are on the same straight line, circular solitary ABC is a uniform transition circular solitary.

Now let the line segment AB slide along ABC to the position of line segment BC. In Figure 10, you can see that the inner containment line of the trajectory exactly coincides with 0, that is, when the line AB slides, it is always tangent to 0. ABC is regarded as the internal line segment of the engine block, © 0 is regarded as the central body, line segment AB is regarded as the piston, and two points A and B are considered to be in contact with the cylinder wall (ABC). Seal point, when the central body © 0 rotates clockwise around O point, let H point always contact AB (AB can slide on both sides of the straight line OH, but cannot leave H point), so that H point will drive the piston (AB) to slide Go to line segment BC. This is the theoretical basis for the operation of such engines.

If the points of the polygon are connected by circular solitude in the same way, a closed curve is formed, which is the complete inline shape of this engine. We call this polygon the basic polygon of the shape line in the engine block (hereinafter referred to as the "basic polygon").

Figures 11, 12, and 13 are based on the in-cylinder shape of the cylinder with the number of sides of the polygon being 8, 4, and 6. The thick solid line is the shape inside the cylinder, and the thin solid line is the basic polygon.

2. Optimize the design of the shape line:

a. Optimal selection of curvature: In Figure 10, point G is any point on the line OF. In order to maximize the curvature difference between AB and BC, that is, the radius difference | BI— BG | At the midpoint F of the DE side, this can make the maximum air intake of this type of engine without changing the basic polygon size.

b. Optimization and selection of the number of sides: The basic polygon of this engine is only suitable for even-numbered equilateral polygons. Let the number of edges be 4k + 2n (where k is a natural number and n is 0 or 1). When n is 0, the number of sides is 4k, 4 represents the four strokes of the engine, which means that each stroke of the piston in the cylinder body contour line completes one stroke; when n is 1, the number of sides is 4k + 2. That is to say, the piston slides on the inner contour of the cylinder. Only 4k segments complete the working cycle (four strokes), and the remaining two segments do not work.

Obviously, 4k-sided polygons such as 4, 8, and 12 polygons are preferred.

c. Optimization of piston number:

The distance between the contact point of the engine piston and the cylinder wall (ie, the sealing point) is equal to the length of the side of the basic polygon, so the maximum number of pistons should be "number of sides-1". Considering the engine During the operation, the pistons "interfere with each other", so the specific design should be selected, such as the maximum number of pistons with the basic polygon sides of 4, 6, and 8 is 3, 4, 6, and so on.

For engines with a small number of basic polygon sides and a certain size, if the stability of a single cylinder is not considered, only the continuity of power or high power output is considered, the number of available pistons is "number of sides-1".

For engines with a large number of sides in the basic polygon, or single-cylinder stability, the number of pistons that can be used is "number of sides-2".

For engines that require a small (or close to zero) load on the central axis, the number of sides of the basic polygon can be selected from 4m (where m is an even number), and the number of pistons can be selected from "the number of sides-2". Suitable for high persuasion engines.

For engines that emphasize in-cylinder cooling (maintain high speed), the number of pistons can be reduced appropriately.

The actual in-line shape of the cylinder is created using the creation method: in Figure 14, the thick solid line fox is the theoretical in-line of this engine block (51). Since the contact between the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder (seal) should have a certain degree of foxness, the thick solid line small round fox (52) in Figure 13 is the arc of the seal, and its center is on the thick solid line large circular solitary (51). The outer volume line of the sliding, small arc trajectory is the dashed large circle solitary (53), which is the actual cylinder body shape line.

Figures 16 to 21 show that the piston and the central body can be fitted in various ways: Figure 16 uses a single wheel in contact with the plane. The wheels are mounted on the piston and the plane is the central body plane.

Figures 17, 18, and 19 show the multiple-wheel-to-plane contact fits, the single-wheel and center-body contact fits, and the multiple-wheel and center-body fits. The wheels can be mounted on the piston or on the central body.

Sleepy 20 indicates that the plane of the piston is in contact with the plane of the central body. FIG. 21 shows that the piston and the central body have a near contact fit.

In addition to the above, there are other ways to connect the piston to the central body.

Figures 22 and 23 show that the basic polygon is a quadrilateral and the three pistons are evenly distributed. The central body has a balancer device and a clutch.

The structure and working principle of the two devices are described below with reference to FIGS. 22, 23, 24, and 25:

1. The clutch device includes a pull rod (43), which is connected to a pull disk (42). A strong spring coil (39) is located between the tapered surface of the pull disk (42) and the bottom edge of the hole in the center body. Active and passive friction The plates (38, 37) are connected to the central body (40) and the rotation shaft (45), respectively. When the lever (43) is tightened, the push-pull plate (42) is driven to tighten, and the strong spring coil (39) is deformed. As shown in FIG. 25, the spring cluster (39) extends laterally, and the friction plate (38) ( Cooperate with the central body (40) and the capricorn piece (37) (cooperate with the rotating shaft (45)), so as to achieve the purpose of transmitting power. When the pull rod (43) is pushed out, the push-pull plate (42) is released from the spring coil (39) to restore it to a full circle, and the friction plates (37) and (38)) are loosened, and the transmission shaft does not transmit power.

In Fig. 23, (36) and (41) are the end caps of the central body, respectively.

The balancing device includes: a plurality of balancing wheels (32) with a certain eccentric mass point, which are equipped with a small gear (55), the gear ratio of the small gear (55) and the fixed gear (35) is 1: 2 and can be wound around the fixed gear (35 ) Rolling, the fixed gear (35) is fixed on the red body through the fixing frame (44)

(33) on. When the center body (40) rotates, the balance wheel (32) on it rotates, and the transmission ratio between the balance wheel (32) and the center body (40) is 3: 1, that is, the center body (40) turns 1 圏, the balance wheel (32) turns 3 rounds, and the rotation direction is the same. When the engine is working, the three pistons (34) are moving, and their mass points are also moving, and the direction of movement is consistent with the rotation direction of the central body (40). The movement trajectory is shown as the curve (47) in Figure 24.

(47) The shape is basically similar to the shape of the cylinder body. When the center body (40) makes one turn, the mass of the piston (34) turns three times along the curve (47), which is the same as the number of pistons. Visible piston (34) One] 0 — The rotation of the mass point is synchronized with the rotation of the mass point of the balance wheel (32) and has the same direction.

In Figure 24, curve (48) is the trajectory of the mass of the balance wheel (32). Since the mass of the piston (34) and the mass of the balance wheel (32) are synchronized and in the same direction, the mass of the balance wheel (32) is reasonably configured. Can minimize the inertial force of the piston (34). The curve (46) in Figure 24 is the minimum inertial force change curve.

Choice of balance wheel: For engines with evenly distributed pistons and unbalanced piston movements, the motion curve of the piston mass is similar to the shape of the red body. One revolution of the center body, the number of revolutions of the piston mass is equal to the number of pistons. The balance machine shown in Figures 22 and 23 can be used to select the gear ratio between the fixed gear and the pinion to achieve the balance of the mass movement of the balance wheel and the piston mass. The inertial force is minimized.

In the balancing mechanism, the number of balancing wheels must be not less than 2, and the masses are the same, and they are evenly distributed around the fixed gears.

Applications of this engine:

1. Can control generation piston engine and delta rotor engine.

2. Can be used as a gasoline engine or a diesel engine.

3. Radon and natural gas fuels can be used.

One

Claims

Rights request

1-Rotary plug-type rotor engine, which is characterized by comprising a red body (3), a piston (9), a central body (2) and a central shaft (10); the piston (9) is provided with a seal (6, 7) , 8), the sealing strip (6) has a matching curved surface, which can slide with the annular inner wall of the cylinder (3); it also includes a sliding device; when the piston (9) slides along the inner wall of the cylinder (3), the sealing strip (6) ) Is always in contact with the inner wall of the cylinder (3), while the piston (9) slides back and forth relative to the plane of the central body (2) through the sliding device; the combustion gas expands and acts on the piston (9), and the piston (9) acts again A certain torque is generated on the central body (2), so that the central body (2) rotates in a centering motion;

The engine also includes an in-cylinder air-cooled component and an electronic high-pressure diaphragm-type fuel injector; a clutch and a balancing device are installed in the central body (2).

The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the sliding device uses a plurality of wheels mounted on a piston, and the wheels can roll on the plane of the central body.

The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the sliding device uses a plurality of wheels mounted on a piston, and the wheels and the central body are in a restricted contact fit.

The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the sliding device uses a piston plane to slidingly fit with a center body plane.

The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the sliding device adopts a constrained contact fit between the piston and the central body.

The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the electronic high-pressure diaphragm-type fuel injector comprises a main body (19) with a coil (18) on the outside, and the coil (18) and a shunt resistor (R) The shunt circuit is connected, and the valve stem (30) is slidably mounted on the main body (19). In the center hole, a suction piece (11) is mounted on the upper end of the valve stem 30) and is connected to a spring piece (12), and an adjustable contact (24) is fitted on the housing (14) to cooperate with the suction piece (11). The lower end of the central hole of the main body (19) is provided with an oil guide block (20) with an annular groove, and a flexible diaphragm (21) with a central hole is installed under the oil guide block; the central hole of the main body communicates with the oil inlet nozzle (23); .

The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the air-cooled component in the cylinder is a blade (1) on the central body (19).

The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the balancing device comprises: a balance wheel (32) with a certain eccentric mass point, a pinion (55) mounted on the balance wheel, and a fixed gear (35) Rolling, the fixed gear (35) is fixed on the cylinder block (33) through the fixed frame (44).

The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the clutch device comprises a tie rod (43) which is connected to a pull plate (42), and a strong spring coil (39) is located in the cone of the pull plate (42) Between the surface and the bottom edge of the inner hole of the central body (40), the main and passive capricorn pieces (38) and (37) are connected to the central body (40) and the rotating shaft (45), respectively. tapered disk (42) causes the strong spring ring (39) deformable by squeezing, and the main, passive friction plates (38, ³⁷⁾ pressing the power is transmitted, relaxation rod (43), the power spring coil (39) Recovery cut off power.

The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method of creating the shape line in the cylinder is as follows:

Line segment BC and line segment DE are two opposite edges of any even-numbered equilateral polygon. Line segment AB is an adjacent edge of BC, F and H are the midpoints of the DE and AB edges. G is any point on line OF. Point I is the intersection point of BG and HO; draw the arcs BC and AB with the points G and I as the center, and obtain ABC; use the same method to connect the points of the polygon with circular solitude to form a closed curve and form The basic internal shape of this engine 1〗 3 — Line (51), the center of the seal arc (52) slides over the basic inner shape line (51), and the outer capacity line of the seal circle (52) is solid] ¹ shows the inner shape line (53) of the cylinder .