WO1991008359A1

WO1991008359A1 - Construction element for building cabins

Info

Publication number: WO1991008359A1
Application number: PCT/NO1990/000180
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hans Malum
Original assignee: Hans Malum
Priority date: 1989-12-05
Filing date: 1990-12-03
Publication date: 1991-06-13
Also published as: NO894851D0; NO894851L

Abstract

Construction element for building cogged jointed structures of wood, particularly cabins and houses. A beam (12) comprising side members (14A, 14B, 16A, 16B, 19A, 19B) forms a cavity that can be filled with a thermal insulating medium or material. The side members are extended at the end by protrusions (20A, 20B) which have notches from the upper and lower edges that are the equivalent of the thickness of the protrusions. A block-shaped end element (11) with an equivalent profile to the main section of the construction element and with blind recesses (31A, 31B) cut in the end, that are equivalent to the profile of the protrusions, is designed to be fitted to the end of the construction element. The side members are preferably joined together by bracing elements (15A-C), of rounded wood, which extend through the side members.

Description

Construction element for building cabins

Background to the invention:

The invention comprises a construction element for building cabins, houses and the like, more specifically a construction element of the type indicated in the introduction to Claim 1.

Both technically and aesthetically, the technique of using cogged joints is a suitable means of building cabins and dwellings. Cogged jointing has a long tradition that can be done fairly adequately employing known techniques. Demands for comfort and the rise in energy prices have made it necessary to try to improve the thermal insulation of log buildings.

As a result, a means of building cabins using cogged jointing is known that is based on outer and inner elements with a cavity between. This cavity can be filled with thermal-insulation materials. This is a method that has a number of drawbacks. The most significant of these is settling, which has created problems with the interior panelling and other elements fixed to the walls. It has also been difficult to avoid draughts in the corners. Furthermore, the considerable task of filling the cavity with thermal-insulation materials requires a lot of time.

Purpose of the invention:

The main objective of the invention is to find a simple, inexpensive cogged jointing element that is suitable for the construction of insulated walls. This should permit prefabrication and provide satisfactory means of insulating both walls and corners. It is also important that the corners remain tight and that assembly is as simple as when using normal cogged timber. It is especially important to avoid settling, so the structure is stable once it is erected. Principle of the invention:

The principle of the invention is stated in the characterizing part of Claim 1.

Other advantageous features of the invention are stated 5 in the subsidiary claims.

Example:

The invention is described in more detail by an example of one design, where 10 Fig. 1 shows a perspective drawing of one end of a construction element in accordance with the invention,

Fig. 2 shows a cross section through the main part of the construction element in Fig. 1, while

Fig. 3 shows a perspective drawing of two elements in 15 accordance with the invention joined in a corner, with some of the components cut away.

Fig. 1 shows the end of a construction element 10 in accordance with the invention together with a corresponding

20 end piece 11. The construction element 10 has a laminated main element 12 and an end piece 13 that will both be described in more detail below.

The main element 12, that is shown in cross section in Fig. 2, comprises a pair of internal side members 14A and

25 14Bthat are held together by rod-shaped spacing elements 15. The internal side members 14A and 14B are laminated to a pair of external side members 16A and 16B that are about the same width as the internal side members, but displaced upward to form a pair of tongues 17 on the upper edge and an

30 equivalent pair of grooves 18 on the lower edge.

Boards, 19A and 19B respectively, are glued to each of the outer sides of the side member unit. The boards 19A and 19B are shaped like the side of a cogged plank, hereafter termed the "finishing plank". The finishing planks 19A and

35 19B are located at the same height as the internal side members 14A and 14B. When construction elements 10 in accordance wih the invention are cog jointed, the finishing planks 19A and 19B in neighbouring elements will be paired together horizontally so as to give the impression of a cog jointed wall.

The side member lamination 14A, 14B, 16A, 16B is axially extended from the main element 12 where it forms the end piece 13, with two sword-shaped protrusions 20A and 20B. The height of the protrusions is about half the nominal height of the main element 12.

Fig. 2 also shows details of the design of the side member unit. Side members 14A and 14B are preferably made from single timber planks with a slight rib 22 protruding inward, from and as broad as the mid-third of the plank. The rib 22 extends to the end of each of the protrusions 20A and 20B. The rib 22 is as high as the area between the notches (see below) in the protrusions.

Outside the internal side members 14A, 14B there are the external side members 16A and 16B, where the grain goes across that of the inner longitudinal members 14A, 14B. This external layer can consist of laminates, plywood or solid wood with the main grain running laterally, in other words vertically when the construction element is assembled in a building. The two side member units 14A and 16A, and 14B and 16B, respectively are glued together with a suitable adhesive. The internal side member elements 14A and 14B are held at a distance from each other by bracing elements 15, these are round wooden pegs that are inserted in holes in the side members. In the example the pegs 15 are located longitudinally in three parallel rows, a central row 15A, and two symmetrical side rows 15B and 15C. Pegs 15A have protruding ends that fit into a longitudinal groove 23, while pegs 15B and 15C extend into holes in the finishing planks 19A and 19B.

In the cavity 26 that is formed between the side member elements 14A and 14B, the example has insulation material inserted. This is injected cellulose fibre or similar. The insulation material is kept in place in the cavity by upper and lower longitudinal cover plates 27A and 27B, these could be made of hardboard, for example. The cover plates 27A and 27B are attached to the side edge of the internal side members 14A and 14B, by glue, and extend as far as the end of the main element 12. The extended ends of the side elements 14 and 16 form the sword-shaped protrusions 20A and 20B from the main element 12 with an air gap between them. If the cavity 26 is filled with foamed material, this air gap between protrusions 20A and 20B can be filled with such a material. Alternatively this can be restricted in the cavity by thin hardboard platesthat are similar to plates 27A and 27B, but are placed against the side edges of the ribs 22. The height of the protrusions 20A and 20B is about the height of the total construction element. The protrusions have two parallel notches 28A and 28B on their upper side and two equivalent, symmetrically located notches 29A and 29B on the lower side. The notches 28A, 28B, 29A and 29B are each as broad as the thickness of each of the protrusions 20A and 20B. This means that two protrusions 20A and 20B from two different construction elements can be laid at right-angles to each other in a cogged joint. Because of the composition of the materials, this cogged joint will be stable and not subject to settling from the start. This also means that it will be possible to simplify the finishing work on the building, for example work with the fittings, wiring, pipes, the mounting of doors and windows, stairs and such like. The protrusions 20A and 20B extend beyond the outer notches 28B and 29B with a piece 30A and 30B. The end piece 11, which has an external profile like the main element has two recesses 31A and 31B that fit over these ends. Thus an end piece 11 can be mounted at the end of each main element and attached by adhesive. This provides a corner finish that is the equivalent to normal cogged jointing. This finish is as tight and stable and also as weatherproof as known cogged jointed corners.

The end of the main element 12 and the end of the end piece 11 that faces the joint is machined with slanting surfaces that when mounted correspond to the elements that are laid at right angles. The angle of these slanting surfaces that comprise a chamfered outer pair 32A and an inner slotted groove 32B on the lower surface ensure that wedging is accomplished which provides a securely sealed corner after mounting. The inner slotted groove extends towards the centre of the element.

An alternative to manufacturing each side of construction elements as three laminates, i.e. made up of three components, is to manufacture each side from one massive element or from a homogeneous laminated element, in both eventualities the tongue and groove arrangement would become integrated.

Claims

Claims:

1. Construction element for building cogged jointed structures of wood, particularly cabins and houses, that comprises a beam with at least one end with notches that form a cogged joint with an equivalent construction element at a right angle to the first, comprising side members (14A, 14B, 16A, 16B, 19A, 19B) that form the two sides of a cavity that can be filled with a thermal insulating medium or material, where there are organs (15A-C) that connect the side members, c h a r a c t e r i z e d by the side members being extended by sword-shaped protrusions out from the end of the main section (12) of the construction element, where each of the protrusions (20A, 20B) have notches from the upper and lower edges that are the equivalent of the thickness of the protrusions.

2. Construction element as claimed in Claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d by the protrusions (20A, 20B) extending a distance from the main section (12) of the construction element that is greater than the effective width of the construction element.

3. Construction element as claimed in Claim 2, c h a r a c t e r i z e d by it comprising a block-shaped end element (11) with an equivalent profile to the main section of the construction element and which has blind recesses (31A, 31B) cut in the end, that are equivalent to the profile of the protrusions, for fitting the corner of the construction element.

4. Construction element as claimed in one of Claims 1-3, c h a r a c t e r i z e d by the side members being joined together by bracing elements (15A-C), preferably made of rounded wood, that preferably extend through the side members.

5. Construction element as claimed in Claim 4, c h a r a c t e r i z e d by the bracing elements (15A-C) protruding through the side members and being engaged by longitudinal grooves (23) or holes in the finishing planks (19A, 19B), where there are preferably three longitudinal rows of bracing elements, that are spread out vertically.

6. Construction element as claimed in one of Claims 1-5, c h a r a c t e r i z e d by each of the side members comprising two plank-shaped elements (14A, 14B and 16A, 16B), where each element in the side member has a grain running at right angles to the other.

7. Construction element as claimed in Claim 6, c h a r a c t e r i z e d by the external part of the side members comprising lateral laminates or plywood where the grain mainly goes in a lateral direction, while the inner part comprises longitudinal, possibly laminated plank (14A, 14B), and where the inner part has an inward extension (22).

8. Construction element as claimed in one of Claims 1-7, c h a r a c t e r i z e d by the opening between the two side members being covered on at least one side by a plate (27A, 27B) that is attached to the inner part (14A, 14B) of each side member.

9. Construction element as claimed in one of Claims 1-8, c h a r a c t e r i z e d by the ends of the main element (12) up to the protrusions (20A, 20B) on both sides having an upper and lower chamfer (32A) that corresponds to equivalent chamfering on a neighbouring element.

10. Construction element as claimed in Claim 9, c h a r a c t e r i z e d by that close to each of the lower chamfers (32A) there is a slot-shaped groove (32B) that extends towards the centre-line of the element.