US2573502A - Multichambered gas burner with selective gas supply - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 30, 1951 w. SMITH, JR 5 5 MULTICHAMBERED GAS BURNER WITH SELECTIVE GAS SUPPLY Filed May 23, 1945 4 X F|c.|

26 Z -24 9o 9 I23 x Patented Oct. 30, 1951 MULTICHAMBERED GAS BURNER WITH SELECTIVE GA William Smith, Jr., Dayton, Ohio, assignor to General Motors Corporation, Dayton, Ohio, a

corporation of Delaware Application May .23, 1945, Serial N 0. 595,389

This invention relates to a domestic appliance and more particularly to gas burners and gas ranges.

It is an object of my invention to provide burner and control arrangements wherein the burner may be controlled to provide definite, readily set heat inputs so that cooking instructions may be more accurately followed.

It is another object of my invention to provide a burner and control arrangement of the multiple section type in which the lowest possible fuel input is accurately controlled and easily set, and progressively increasing fuel input is provided by progressively increasing the fuel input of each section in succession.

It is another object of my invention .to provide a burner and control arrangement which is less likely to blow out at low heating rates.

It is another object of my invent ion to pro; ide a burner and c tr l arran eme t w i h is a ea as efi n at on fihali .m ii mu fuel input as at a maximum fuel input.

It another object of my invention to pro,- vide a burner and control arrangement whiqh has relatively high efficiency at low fuel inputs.

I t is another object .of my invention .to provide a multiple section .burner'with a removable :top on which the major portion @of the machinimg operations are performed and which is s de',- signed as to prevent fuel leakage without the use of gaskets.

It isanother object of my invention to pro.- vide a multiple section burnerarranged in such a way that the heating is substantially uniform.- ly distributed when one of the sections is either completely out or on when another section is on It is another object of my invention to pro.-

vide a burner wherein the main exposed jogn t located adjacent the gas discharge opening so that if any leakage should occur through the joint the fuel issuing therefrom will be burned without any loss in efficiency. It is another object of my invention to provide a burner of the multi-section type which two sections provide a uniformly distributed discharge of fuel mixture in substantially the same direction into substantially the samearea.

Brie ly to t ai these ob I hav ov eatwo-section annular burner with a removable flared top having"'drilldapertures exte ding from the inner section to the periphery' ahd grooves extending from the outer section to the periphery substantially at the same angle[ Each sectionis fed by a separate-Yenturi m in tube cast as 'a unit w-ith -the two annu ar" sections.

The supply Lof .fuel to the mixing tubes is con- 4 Claims. (01. 158--1-05) 2 trolled by a single valve which first progressively increases the fuel supply to the outer section and then to the inner section. A saucer-shaped shield and a welded steel grid are also provided. C Further objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from theifellowi'ng 'description, reference being had' to theiaccon l panying drawing, wherein a preferred form "of the present invention is clearly shown. ln'th'e drawings:

Fig. 1 is a sectional View of a control arrangement in a range; Fig. 2 is a top view of the burner;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line .3 3 o f Fig. 1; and

Fig. 4 is a half sectional view of the removable gas burner and burner top.

Referring now more particularly to Fig. 1, there is shown a gas range includinga range top'2il having a flange 22' surroundingthe burner opening. The burner has a unitary cast lower portion including two Venturi iniiiingtubes'fl and 26/ The lower ends of the mixing tube castings are completelyppenmakihg it possible'to either make a very smooth interiorin the'casting or by machining the interior. 'The annular upper portion 'of the burner is provided with an outer annular wall 28 having a machined upper facef'an'inner' annular wall 33 threaded on the inside and an intermediate annular'wall 32 which is machined like the outer Wall and dividesthe annular portion of the burner into an outer substantially annular passage or chamber 34 connecting to the mixing tube 24 and an inner substantially annular passage or chamber 36 connecting with the mixing tube .26.

The annular passages or chambers .34 and 36 are closed by a removable flared member 33 having its inner cylindrical portion -4-9 threaded into the inner Wall and its lower face provided with a flared machined surface which tightly fits the top of both the outer annular wall 28 and .the intermediate substantially annular wall 32. The removable flared member is provided with uniformly distributed radial grooves 2 m the portionof its machined lower face extend ing between the outer substantially annular passage :34 and the peripheral wall 14 o-f' the burn er. 'These grooves 42 and the machined surface 46 as well as the flare of the 'member 38 are preferably at an'angleof about 30 degrees'from the horizontal. Four inwardly-directed gas dis-v charge pa'ssages 43 are also providedf Ir'hse are drilled through the flared portion of the re,

movable member 38 '"atiin 'ang l'e' 'ofabbiit 30 3 degrees into the outer annular passage or chamber 34.

Between each of the grooves 42 in the flared member 38 are drilled gas discharge passages 50 which extend from a recess 52 in the flared member 38 forming a part of the inner substantially annular passage 36 to the peripheral wall 44 of the gas burner.

The gas burner is provided with two laterally extending support arms 54 and 55 supported in the recesses 56 and 58 provided in the flange 22 of the range top 20. The recess 56 is made of such a size to exactly receive the end'of the supporting arm '54 which is made wider than the supporting arm 55 which is received within a narrower recess 58 so as to insure the proper orientation of the gas burner. with respect to the range top.

A saucer-shaped shield 60 preferably provided with a turned down outer flange supported directly by the flange 22. The center of this shield 68 is provided with an opening which has its edges spaced away from the periphery of the burner a distance of about one-half inch at all positions. The edges of this opening are curled'to make it more rigid and are slightly turned upwardly so as to catch a reasonable amount of spillage. This shield reflects the heat upwardly against the bottom of the utensils which are supported upon the grid 62. It also serves to control and guide the secondary air to promote combustion.

The non-breakable grid 62 is formed of a flanged inner ring 64. The ring 64 of steel to which is welded three or more substantially U-shaped' members 66 of steel, having their surfaces at the same plane as the top of the flanged inner ring 64. The outer ring 98 of steel wire, is Welded to the bottom of the grid members 66. This keeps the grid 62 central with reference to the burner and prevents lateral bending of the grid members 66. r

At the bottom of each of the mixing tubes 24 and 26 are the adjustable jets I and 12 commonly called spuds, which may be of theform shown in the Chambers Patent 2,162,374. To control the air-flow into each of the mixing tubes 24 and 26, each is provided with a sheet metal member. The sheet metal member 14 includes a disc portion having apertures therein for allowing air to enter the mixing tube 24 around the spud 10. To hold it in place the member 14 is provided with tongues extending outwardly from the disc portion which are bent upwardly over the flange provided by the bell-shaped mouth of the mixing tube 24. An adjustable shutter 16 is provided with registering apertures and is rotatably connected to the member 14 by the spunover flanged ring 18 which slips over the spud 19. The shutter 76 is readily rotated and then locked in place by screw 80. The mixing tube 26 is similarly provided with a bell-shaped mouth provided with an apertured sheet metal disc member 82 and an identical adjustable shutter 84 having a set-screw 86.

The spud isconnected by the tubing 88 with the end connection 90 of the plug valve 92. The spud 12 is connected by the tubing 94 with the lateral outlet 96 of the valve 92. The valve 92 has a downwardly extending inlet 98 which connects directly with the supply manifold I2 I. The plug in the valve 92 is provided with a simmer passage I23 which, when the plug is turned to the position shown in Figs. 1- and 3, connects with a small passage provided along the axiseof the plug into which extends a pin I24 provided at the end of the adjusting screw I25. The sinimer passage I23 connects the supply manifold I2I to the axial passages in the valve which connect to the outer passage 34. The screw. I25 may be adjusted so that its pin I24 will close a portion of the discharge end of the simmer passage I23:in order to set accurately the amount of gas'flowing to the burner when the operating dial I21 of the valve 92 is turned to the simmer position. By this arrangement the simmer can always be kept at the same value.

The valve plug is also provided with a cutout or another passage I29 which cuts out about of the middle portion of the plug. As will be evident from Fig; 3,'as. soon as the valve plug is turned in acounterclockwise direction and before the simmer passage is out of registration with the inlet connection 98 the passage I29 will begin to F come into registration with the passage 98 to allow the flow of gas from the manifold I2I directly to the interior of the valve plug which connects to the outer annular passage 34. Further counterclockwise rotation of the operating valve I21 and the valve plug will provid increasing registration between the inlet 98 and the passage I29 to provide progressively increasing volumes of gas flow to the outer annular passage 34. All this time the lateral outlet 93 is shut off and no gas flows to the inner annular passage 36.

The supply of gas solely to the tube 88 and the spud I8 causes a jet of gas to discharge into the bell-shaped mouth of the Venturi mixing tube 24 causing air to be drawn in through the shutter arrangement into the bell-shaped mouth of the mixing tube 24 along with the gas in substantially the proper proportion; This gas flows directly upwardly and connects directly with the outer annular passage 34 providing a smooth flow of gas with a minimum of restriction. The gas is discharged from the outer annular passage 34 mainly through the grooves or first set of passages 42. Some gas, however, discharges from the four openings or second set of passages 48 in the interior of the burner so as to uniformly distribute the heat provided by the burning as fuel. The flame from the gas discharge openings 42 and. 48 increases from a tiny flame of about A" long to a flame about 1" long.

Further increase in'the heating arrangement is obtained by gradually turning passage I29 until it connects more and more with the lateral outlet 98. However, under such conditions the fuel supply to the outer annular passage and the discharge passages 42 and 48 is undiminished. The gas flowing through the side outlet 96 and the tubing 94 to the spud 12 draws in air through the shutter arrangement to the mixing'tube 26 and supplies the combustible mixture to the inner annular passage 36. This gas is discharged through the drilled third set of passages'50 in gradually increasing amounts until at its maximum it provides substantially an equal amount of heat provided by the passages supplied from' 98. The valve may be arranged to be turned either or both directions from this "oif position as desired. If the knob I2!v is turned in the clockwise direction from the off position to the high position, the passage I29 will first uncover the side outlet 96 and then will graduallyregister with the inlet 98 so that both burner sections will be simultaneously uniformly gradually .lighted until the maximum rate is obtained. Further clockwise rotation will gradually reduce the fuel supply to the inner section without changing the supply to the outer section until the fuel supply to the inner section is entirely out off. Further rotation in the clockwise direction will gradually reduce the fuel supply to the outer section until the simmer passage I23 remains as the sole avenue of fuel supply providing minimum heating.

To make it possible for the valve to be operated in these various ways the passage I29 should provide a span of about /3, the circumference of the valve plug, while the simmer passage I23 should be located between A; and 1% the circumference of the valve plug beyond the passage I29.

For automatic lighting, the burner may be provided with a flash tube I3I into which discharges one drilled opening in the outer wall of the burner. The flash tube I3I connects with a pilot light not shown. To light the burner, the operating dial I21 is turned directly-to the high position. This causes the lighting of the burner from the fiash tube I3 I.

By employing two mixing tubes, each having a capacity for supplying one-half the burner, the variation in the air-fuel ratio from the lowest to the highest heating rate is reduced and the mixture control can be set to provide a more uniform air-fuel ratio which corresponds throughout the heating range more closely to the uniform air-fuel ratio required for greatest eiiiciency at all heating rates. The long straight, vertical, smooth mixing tubes further contribute to the more efiicient mixing of the air and fuel since the gas fuel used is considerably lighter than air and provides a slight stack effect to aid in carrying the mixture through the mixing tubes.

While the form of embodiment of the invention as herein disclosed, constitutes a preferred form, it is to be understood that other forms might be adopted, as may come within the scope of the claims which follow.

What is claimed is as follows:

1. A burner comprisin in combination, three' ring-shaped walls arranged one within the other, an annular removable wall member disposed over and. tightly engaging said ring-shaped walls and cooperating therewith to form two separated ring-shaped chambers, said annular removable wall member having a central opening providing an upfiow air passage through said burner, a source of supply for a gas, means for separately conducting the gas from said supply source to the separated chambers, said outer ring-shaped wall and said removable wall member forming a first set of discharge passages communicating with the outermost ring-shaped chamber of the burner and extending outwardly to the periphery thereof, said removable wall member having a second set of discharge passages communicating with said outermost ring-shaped chamber of the burner and extendin through said wall member in an upward angular direction relative to said first set of passages toward the air passage through said burner inwardly of the outlets of said first set of passages, said removable wall member having a third set of discharge passages communicating with the innermost ring-shaped chamber and extending outwardly therethrough to the periphery of the burner and above said first set of passages, and means interposed between said supply source and said conducting means for selectively controlling fiow of the gas to the separated chambers.

2. A burner comprising in combination, three ring-shaped walls arranged one within the-other, an annular removable wall member disposed over and tightly engaging said ring-shaped walls and cooperating therewith to form two separated ring-shapedchambers, said annular removable wall member having a central opening providing an upfiow air passage through said burner, a source of supply for a gas, means for separately conducting the gas from said supply source to the separated chambers, said outer ring-shaped wall and said removable wall member forming a first set of discharge passages communicating with the outermost ring-shaped chamber of the burner and extending outwardly to the periphery thereof, said removable wall member having a second set of discharge passages cummunicat'ing with said outermost ring-shaped chamber of the burner and extending through said wall member in an upward angular direction relative to said first set of passages toward the air passage through said burner inwardly of the outlets -0f said first set of passages, said. removable wall member having a third set of discharge passages communicating with the innermost ring-shaped chamber and extending outwardly therethrough to the periphery of the burner and above said first set of passages, valve means interposed between said supply source and said conducting means, said valve means being soconstructed and arranged as to provide a restricted fiow of the gas to said outermost chamber in a first position thereof and when moved from said first position into a second position progressively increasing said flow to said outermost chamber, and the construction and arrangement of said valve means also being such that upon movement thereof from said second position into a third position flow of the gas is simultaneously directed to said outermost chamber and to said innermost chamber.

3. A burner comprising in combination, three ring-shaped walls arranged one within the other, an annular removable wall member disposed over and tightly engaging said ring-shaped walls and cooperating therewith to form two separated ring-shaped chambers, said annular removable wall member having a central opening providing an upfiow air passage through said burner, a source of supply for a gas, means for separately conducting the gas from said supply source to the separated chambers, that portion of said removable wall member engaging the outer wall of the outermost chamber being provided with a plurality of grooves, said grooves extending continuously across said outer wall of the outermost chamber and cooperating therewith to proopeningsextending therethrough above and'in a'direction substantially paralleling said first set of passages to provide a third set of discharge passages communicating with the innermost chamber and extending outwardly to the periphery of said burner, and means interposed between said supply source and said conducting means for selectively controlling the flow of gas to the separated chambers.

4.*A burner comprising in combination; three ring-shaped walls arranged one within the other, an annular removable wall member disposed over and tightly engaging said ring-shaped walls and cooperating therewith to form two separated ring-shaped chambers, said annular removable wall member having a central opening providing an upfiow air passage through said burner, a source of supply for a gas, means for separately conducting the gas from said supply source to the separated chambers, that portion of said removable wall member engaging the outer wall of the outermost chamber being provided with a plurality of grooves, said grooves extending continuously across said outer wall of the outermost chamber and cooperating therewith to provide a first set of discharge passages communicating with said outermost chamber and extending to the periphery of the burner, said removable wall member having spaced openings extending in an upward direction therethrough toward the air passage through said burner and inwardly of the outlets of said first set of passages to provide a second set of discharge passages communicating with said outermost chamber, said removable wall member having spaced apart openingsextending therethrough above and in a direction substantially paralleling said first set of passages to provide a third setof discharge passagescommunicating with the innermost chamber and extending outwardly to .the' periphery of "said burnerfvalve means interposed'between said supply source and said conducting means, said valve means being so' constructed and arranged as to provide a restricted flow of the gas to said'outermost .chamber in 'a first position thereof and when moved from said first position into a second position progressively increasing said flow to said outermost chamber, and the construction and arrangement ofsaid valve means also being such that upon'movement thereof from said second position into a third position flow of the gas is simultaneously" directed to said outermost chamber and to said innermost chamber.

WILLIAM SMITH, JR.

'REFERENCES CITED y .The following references are of record in the file of, this patent:

, UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 706,633 Beler 1 Aug. 12, 1902 1,461,663 'Kemmer July 10, 1923 1,754,388 Harper .1 Apr. 15, 1930 1,923,393 Pickup Aug. 22, 1933 1,942,265 Teller Jan. 2, 1934 2,093,272 Harper Sept. 14, 1937 2,162,233 Schoenberger June 13, 1939 2 ,135,275 Sherman -1 Jan. 2, 1940 2,319,866 Jaros May 25, 1943 2,376,273 Pratt 1 May 15, 1945 y FOREIGN PATENTS Number 'Cou'ntry Date 32,665 Switzerland Dec. 20, 1904 293,901 Germany Sept. 4, 1916 France Nov. 24, 1936

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