US1979780A - Draw works - Google Patents

Description

H. L.. TURNEY Nov. 6, 1934..

DRAW WOR K S Filed July 7, 1935 3 SheetsSheet"l G JNVENT V /ZZW A TTORNEYS.

H, L. TURNEY Nov. 6, 1934..

DRAW-WORKS Filed July '7, v195s 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN V EN OR.

A TTORNEYS.

Nov, 6, 1934.

H. L. TURNEY 1,979,780

DRAW WORKS Filed July '7, 1933 s Sheets-Sheet 3 IBM]! II II II II BY 7 2 %,,,,f

ATTORNEYS.

Patented Nov. 6, 1934 v NT OFFICE DRAW WORKS Barry L. Turney, Los Angeles, Calif.

Application July 7, 1933, Serial No. 679,441 In Great Britain July 7, 1932 5 Claims.

' In the drillingof deep wells the line supporting the tool in handling the tool is subjected to very heavy loads. The drum from which the line is operated has been controlled during the unwinding and lowering of the tool by brakes on the drum. These draw works are,'or may be, driven from a motor through a speed changing device. One of the features of the present invention is to utilize the braking power of the motor to retard the'unwinding action of the drum during the lowering operation of the drill. It is also a feature of the invention to utilize portions of the same mechanism that is used for retarding the drum to control the drum and. the playing out of the line during the drilling operation. Features and details of the invention will appear from the specification and claims.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings as follows:-

Fig. 1 shows aside elevation of the apparatus.

Fig. 2 a side elevation of the crown of the drill supporting means.

-. Fig. 3 a plan view of the"crown.

Fig. 4 a view showing the arrangement of the gearing of-the draw works, the several shafts of the several gears being brought to the same plane. This is accomplished by swinging the two shafts 49 and 59 on the center of the shaft 26 and off-setting the shaft 33 to permit the gears on the shafts 49 and59 to clear. This maintains the relation of all the gears except the gears 30 and 32, the numbering of the parts being hereinafter indicated.

Fig. 5 shows a section of the unwinding connection.

Fig. 6 a section on the line 6-6 in Fig. 5. Fig. 7 a section on the line 7-7 in Fig. 4. Fig. 8 is a side elevation of the hoisting engine from the reverse side of that shown in Fig. 1.

,1 marks thedrill pipe, 2 the drill table, and 3 the crown supported by the usual derrick (not shown). The crown has a frame 4. Bearings 5 are mounted on the frame carrying a shaft 6 on which a series of sheaves 7 are journaled. A hanger 8 is arranged on the frame and carries a sheave 10 extendingat right angles to the sheave! and at one side thereof. At the opposite side of the crown a sheave 10a is similarly mounted. The sheave 10a. is mounted in a hanger 8a,

. one of the hangers being pivotally mounted at 9 on the frame. The free end of the hanger is 14. The free end of the bars. 12 rest on a rod 19 which is connected with the free end of the bars by a cross pin 20. The rod 19 extends from a plunger 21. The plunger is mounted in a cylinder 22 supported by the frame. A pipe 23 extends from the bottom of the cylinder'22 to a point of control and an indicator gauge 24 is connected with the pipe 23 so as to indicate the pressure below the plunger 21.

A line 17 runs .over a sheave 7 and is carried through a series of sheaves 16 in a block 15, the hook of which carries the drill pipe 1. The line after extending through the sheaves 16 and 10 is carried over the sheave 10a and then extends down to a calf wheel 18. It will readily be seen that the pull, or stress, on the cable as delivered to the sheave 10a will correspond to the load and that the hanger 8a and bars 12 form a lever system somewhat similar to a scale delivering a proportion of the load on the sheave 10a to the plunger 21. The plunger has an area having relation to the lever connections 8a and bars 12 in connection with the division of the load through the several sheaves so that the pressure delivered on the plunger will preferably indicate on an indicator 24 the load carried by the drill, but the indicator may indicate simply the pressure and the load'can be readily tabulated from such indication.

In the present invention this pressure difference in the cylinder 22 is utilized as a control in playing out the cable 17 during the drilling operation, as will be hereinafter fully described.

A drum 25 is journaled on a shaft 26 and this shaft is carried by bearings 27 on a, frame 28. The drum is provided with the usual brakes 29 and is driven from a gear 30 through a clutch 31 in the usual manner. The gear 30 meshes with a gear 32, the meshed relation as to this particular gear not being shown in Fig. 4, the gear being off-set in the drawing to permit of showing the intermediate gears which in the actual device are below the plane of the gears 30 and 32 (see Fig. 4). The gear 32 isfixed on a shaft 33, the shaft 33 being journaled on the frame. The shaft 33 has gears 34, 35, 36 and 37 of different diameters and these gears mesh with gears 38, 39, 40 and 41 respectively fixed on a shaft-45a. Gears 43, and 44 are'fixed on the shaft 33 and clutches 42 are? carried by thegears 43 and 44 and are adapted to lock the gears 106 34, 35, 36 and 37 with the shaft 33, as may be desired. These clutches are band clutches aircontrolled and of usual construction, a similar clutch beingshown in detail in Fig. 7. A gear 45 s fixed on a shaft 45a and meshes with a gear 46. The gear 46 is mounted 'on a crank shaft 47 of an engine 48, the engine shown being an internal combustion engine. A shaft 49 is-jour- 'naled in the frame below the plane carrying the shafts 26 and 33. A gear 50 is jounnaled on the shaft 49 and meshes with the gear 43. A gear 51 is also journaled on the shaft 49. A gear 52 is fixed on the shaft 49 and drives a gear 53. A sprocket 54 is fixed with the gear 53 and a chain (not shown) extends from the sprocket 54 and drives the table 2. A clutch driver 55 is. fixed on the shaft 49. Clutches 56 and 57 are mounted on the driver and are adapted to lock either, or both, the gear 50, or gear 51' with the driver.

These are air-controlled clutches of the ordinary 1 the gear 58. A piston 65 works in the cylinder 64.

A rod-66 extends from the piston to a rock arm 6''! and the rock arm operating on the band tightens and releases the same. A spring 68 tends to move the rock arm in release position. Air is delivered to the cylinder 64 through a pipe 69 connected to a passage '70 in the shaft 59, the

passage extending to a pipe connection '71 at the end of theshaft. This general construction of band clutch in the different clutches, with one exception hereafter noted, is similar to the 5 clutches used in each clutch referred to. In

playing out the cable in' lowering the drill pipe,

it has been common to-use the brakes, such as the brakes '29, for controlling the drum. With the tremendous loads involved and this slippage severe sear is encountered 'and it is the desire "to utilize the braking effect of the motor to on the air motor.

assist in controlling the unwinding movement of the drum. By setting the clutch 61 and locking the gears 58 and 60 together the unwinding movement of the drum is communicated through the gears 58 and 60 and the gear 44 to the shaft 33, and the motion may be taken from the shaft 33 through any of the speed changing gears to the shaft 45a and thus communicated to the engine. The gears 58 and 60 being intermediate gears in effect reverse the movement so that the unwindingmover'nent of the drum effecting a forward movement of the engine through the speed changing device may be communicated to the engine and using suitable gears of the speed changing device the ngine may be given a very high acceleration with a consequent braking, or retarding action.'.

The shaft 59 and gear 58 form a convenient means through which to control the drum during the drilling action. A gear 72 is journaled on the shaft 59 and a jaw clutch '73 is adapted to lock the gear '72 with the shaft 59. The gear '12 meshes with a gear 74. The gear 74 is driven by an air motor 75 receiving its air through pipes 75a. The pipes are controlled by a valve 16, the

valve having a control arm 7'7. A link '78 extends from the arm '77 to a bell crank lever '79 pivoted A rod extends from the opposite end of the bell crank lever and the rod is connected with a piston 81. Thepiston 81 operates in a cylinder 82 and the pipe 23 leads into the cylinder. A spring 810 exerts counter presthe brake to the engine forms a convenient means for communicating the control movement to the drum.

What" I claim as new is:- 1. In a draw works, the combination of a drill pipe; a line supporting the pipe; a drum operating the line; a motor; 'a gear connection between the motor and drum driving the drum in a winding direction with a forward running of the motor; and means driven by the drum rotated in an unwinding direction driving the motor in a forward direction.

2. In a draw works, the combination of a drill pipe; a line supporting the pipe; a drum operating the 1ine;,a motor; a gear connection comprising a speed changing mechanism between the motor and the drum driving the drum in a winding direction with a forward running of the motor; and means driven by the drum rotated in an unwinding direction driving the motor through the speed changing mechanism in a forward direction. 1 v

3. In a draw works, the combination of a,drill pipe; a line supporting the pipe; a drum operating the line; a motor; a gear connectionbetween the motor and drum driving the drum in a winding direction witha forward running of the motor; means driven by the'drum rotating in an unwinding direction driving the motor in a forward direction; a pressure device responsive to line pull; and means controlled by the device drum and line feeding the drill.-

4. In a draw works, the combination of a drill pipe; 2. line supporting the pipe; a drum operating the line; a motor; a gear connection between the motor and drum driving the drum in a winding direction with a forward running of the motor; means including a gear connection driven by the drum rotated in an unwinding direction driving the motor in a forward direction; and means actuated by the motor through one of the gear connections driving a drill.

5. In a. draw works, the combination of a drill pipe; a line controlling the drill pipe; a drum on which the line is wound; a gear fixed on the drum; a retarding gear meshing with the gear on the drum; a motor; a direct gear connection comprising a, speed changing device between the motor and the drum driving the drum in a forward direction; a connection between the retarding,gear and the speed changing device driving the .motor in a forward direction from the drum running in an unwinding direction; a clutch engaging and disengaging the retarding gear from the speed changing device; a clutch disconnecting the direct connection between the motor and the drum; a control mechanism responsive to pull on the line; a motor controlledby the control mechanism; a gear connection between the motor and the retarding gear; and a clutch controlling the last-named gear connection.

HARRY L. TURNEY.

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