US1588332A - Building wall - Google Patents

Description

June 3, 1926. 1,588,332

F. E. PETERS BUILDING WALL Filed March 17', 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I Snow M01, FmnltERafem June 8 1926.

F. E. PETERS BUILDI NG WALL 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ska ma i Q Filed March 17 1925 Patented June 8, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

- IRAN K E. PETERS, OI INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA.

BUILDING WALL.

Application filed March 17, 1925. Serial NO. 16,225.

provide a monolithic wall or analogous structure composed of such tiles laid in courses and permanently united, either with or without reenforcing material.

Another object of the invention is to provide such a wall with dead air spaces and with live air spaces for circulation of air through the wall, the dead air spaces serving for absorption of moisture which might be deterimental to the wall or other structure and the live air spaces serving to maintain a uniform temperature throughout the entire structure, as well as to absorb moisture and carry it out of the structure.

A. further object of the invention is to provide a wall structure of such a nature that the finishing coat of stucco on the outer face of the wall or the white or sand finish coat on the inner face can be applied directly to the tile wall without the necessity of an intermediate or brown coat by reason of the uniform color and the porous nature of the wall.

Referring to the accompanying drawings which are made a part hereof and on which similar reference characters indicate similar parts, v

1Figure 1 is a perspective of my improved ti e V li igure 2, a section on line 22 of Figure 1, I

Figure 3, a section on line 3-3 of Figure 1,

Figure 4, a section on line 4-4 of Figure 1,

Fi re 5, a perspective of a part of a wall or ot er structure illustrating the use of my im roved tile, and I igure 6, a section on line 6-6 of Figure 5.

In the drawings reference character 10 indicates my im roved tile which has parallel longitudina channels 11 near the outer edges'of the u per face and parallel channe s 12 space inwardl from the firstnamed channels. The c annels 11 are so positioned as to receive spaced projections I 13 on the under face of a superposed tile,

of the channel, but preferably fit ratherclosely therein. By this construction it is possible to deposit. mortar in the channels 11 in the laying of a wall or other structure which mortar will not be visible from either face of the wall and thus constitutes a secret joint'between the successive courses of tiles. Themortar constitutes means for leaving up the courses'of tiles to keep the top of the wall exactly level.

The channels 12 remain open and as shown in Fig. 6 are semi-circular in section, complementary channels being formed in the lower face of a superposed tile to form a circular passage extending horizontally throughout the structure thus forming horizontal air passages which may extend completely about the structure if in the form of a fence or building and which may be open at the ends if the ends are exposed or may be closed b a finishing coat covering the structure. he channels 12 are intersected by vertical channels 14 in the respective tiles which channels register wholly or in part with those of the tiles above and below so as to form air passages extending from top to bottom of the structure and this intersection with the horizontal passages insures uniform temperature throughout the structure. It has been found that one tenth of. a degree of difi'erence in temperature of air at different places will cause it to travel. Assuming that one side of a building structure according to my invention is warmer than the other the heated air in the air passages would rise and cold air would be drawn from the opposite side of the building whereupon a circulation would be established, the heated air passing through the upper part of the walls toward the colder side of the building and vice versa, drawing L l the air from .the colder side of the building toward the warmer to keep the walls from expanding.

Dead air pockets are illustrated at 15, these pockets being located between the projections 13 and opening on the lower face of the tile. The tile is made of semi-wet concrete so as to be porous when completed.' These ports, of course, are filled with air and connect the dead and the live air spaces so as to absorb the moisture which otherwise might A wlde be deterimental to the, structure. semi-circular central channer is provided on each face of the tile at 16 and it will beobvious thatthese channels register in superposed tiles to form a horizontal channel approximately circular in section The channels 16. are intersected by vertlcal channels 17 which are also circular in section.

and

When a sufiicient suction of a structure has beenlaid the channels 16 and 17 are filled with wet concrete mortar which after hardening forms puddle concrete causing the tile of the entire structure to interlock form a monolithic building or other structure. It will be understood that the channels 17 register with one another from be substantially plumb from top to bottom. As above stated mortar may beused 111 each can not of the. channels 11 to level the wall as it is being constructed but preferably such mortar willbe used onl in the last row of a scaffold height, this eing generally all that is necessary.

Vertical grooves 22 are formed at the ends of the tile, these grooves forming auxlhary dead air pockets.

In a structure such as illustrated 1n Fig. 5, which ma be part of the wall ofa house an inside white coat or sand finish coat may be applied directly to the tile walls as according to my construction they have a surface of uniform color and therefore do not require the ordinary brown coat which is applied before the scratch coat. A coat of stucco 24 may likewise be afpplied directly to the tiles at the outer side 0 the wall. When the finishing coats are being applied the pares in the tile form "a suction and cause the ishin coats to adhere so closely that they ie separated from the tile after drying. The outside coat is usually made of water-proof material, but this is a matter of choice.

It will be obvious to those skilled in the art thatvarious changes may be made in my device without departing from the spirit of the invention and therefore I do not limit myself to what is shown in the drawings and described in the specification but only as ind idicated in the appended claims.

The reason for using a porous concrete tile may be stated thusz-the semi-wet concrete always makes a porous tile and when stucco or mside plaster 1s applied to such porous t1le the moisture is drawn through thepores,

' and evaporated by the air in the pores whichforms a suction and causes the coating to become lmbedded or virtually causes it to becomea part of the tile.

messes By reason of the connecting horizontal and vertical channels or passageways an air circulation is provided throughout the wall and entirely around the building, thus pro viding for the maintenance of a substantially uniform or even temperature in all parts,

of the wall which keeps the walls from undue expansion and contraction due to variation in temperature. By this arrangement the air, being heated to one-tenth of a degree in one location will start the air circulating, pulling the cold air from other arts of the wall or the opposite sides 'of the building, and even in the basement or below ground the temperature of the wall will be substantially uniform with other parts,

and usefulness of the.

less number of correspondingly arranged projections on its opposite face, said proections being adapted to enter channels on another similar tile and being provided with pockets extending thereinto adapted to provide dead air cells when the tile is laid with other tiles of like conformation with the projections disposed in channels to form a structure, substantially as set forth.

2. A tile comprising a body having a channel in one face and a correspondingly arranged projection on its opposite face, said channel and projection being adapted to cooperate to hold the tile in. position when laid with other tiles of like form, cor-' respondingly arranged each face of said tile, said channels through channels, one in a passage connectmg said tile-and another passage extending into said tile from said projection, substantially as set forth.

3. In a concrete structure, courses of tiles each tile having parallel horizontal channels in one face and a complementa spaced pro ection on its opposite face entering such channels 1n n contlguous tile, the outer faces of the adjoining tiles being in contact while the opposed channels in the adjoining tiles isposed inwardly from the surface of the tile provide a secret mortar joint between courses of tiles, pockets extending adjoinin 5 tiles from said projections, said into sai pockets being closed and providing dead air I cells when the projections enter the channels of other tiles, substantially as set forth. 4. In a concrete structure, courses of tiles each having parallel spaced horizontal channels in one face and spaced horizontal pro ectlons on its-opposite face in comple 1,ass,asa

' mentary relation, said channels and projections respectively receivin and extend- 1ng into the projections and c annels of the contiguous facesof adjoining tiles, the opposed channels in the contiguous Iaces of adjoining tiles forming a recess or secret mortar joint, central air channels on opposite faces of the tile parallel to the first named channels and registering vertical air passages connecting said central air channels, substantially as set forth.

5. A tile comprising a body having a groove about the same intermediate its extremities, said groove being adapted to pro vide an annular passage about the tile when laid with other tiles of similar formto provide means for locking the tile in the structure, said tile having a channel on one face at each side of said grooveand a projection hundred an at each side of said groove on the opposite face of'saidtile, recesses formed in said projections and adapted to provide a dead air space when the tile is laid with other blocks to form the structure, opposed grooves on opposite faces of said tiles and at eachside of said first mentioned groove and passa es connecting said groove, whereby when t e tile is in position in a concrete structure with other tiles of like form the said grooves will aline and form secret mortar joints and the passagesaline to form ventilating air channels, substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set

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