TWI842686B - 乙烯-乙烯醇系共聚物組成物、多層結構體及包裝體 - Google Patents
乙烯-乙烯醇系共聚物組成物、多層結構體及包裝體 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI842686B TWI842686B TW107141688A TW107141688A TWI842686B TW I842686 B TWI842686 B TW I842686B TW 107141688 A TW107141688 A TW 107141688A TW 107141688 A TW107141688 A TW 107141688A TW I842686 B TWI842686 B TW I842686B
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- evoh
- carboxylic acid
- aliphatic carboxylic
- metal salt
- sorbate
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Abstract
本發明提供一種乙烯-乙烯醇系共聚物樹脂組成物,係即便不摻合乙烯-乙烯醇系共聚物以外的樹脂仍具優異之耐衝擊性的乙烯-乙烯醇系共聚物組成物,含有乙烯-乙烯醇系共聚物(A)、脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)及山梨酸酯(C),其特徵為:該脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)之金屬種類係屬長週期型週期表第4週期d區塊之金屬,且該山梨酸酯(C)之含量為乙烯-乙烯醇系共聚物(A)、脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)及山梨酸酯(C)之含量總和的0.00001~10ppm。
Description
本發明係關於含有乙烯-乙烯醇系共聚物(以下稱為「EVOH」。)之乙烯-乙烯醇系共聚物組成物(以下稱為「EVOH樹脂組成物」)、以及使用該組成物而得之多層結構體及包裝體,更詳言之,係關於耐衝擊性優異之EVOH樹脂組成物、由該EVOH樹脂組成物構成之多層結構體及包裝體。
EVOH之分子鏈所富含的羥基會堅固地進行氫鍵鍵結而形成結晶部,該結晶部會防止來自外部的氧氣侵入,故以氧氣阻隔性為首,展現優異之氣體阻隔性。這樣的EVOH一般係用於將樹脂疊層而得之疊層體的中間層,且已被製成各種包裝體來使用。
如上述EVOH具有優異之氣體阻隔性,另一方面,其分子鏈中富含羥基而結晶化度高,故有呈現脆性的傾向,有時會因衝擊等導致包裝體中的EVOH層破裂或產生針孔,而受到破壞。
因此,為了改善EVOH之耐衝擊性,例如專利文獻1及2揭示一種疊層包裝體,具有由EVOH與乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物構成之樹脂組成物層。又,專利文獻3及4揭示一種疊層體,具有由EVOH與乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物的部分皂化物構成之樹脂組成物層。
[先前技術文獻]
[專利文獻]
[專利文獻1]日本特開昭61-220839號公報
[專利文獻2]日本特開昭62-152847號公報
[專利文獻3]日本特開平1-279949號公報
[專利文獻4]日本特開平3-192140號公報
但,上述專利文獻1~4中,係將一部分EVOH替換成EVOH以外的樹脂並進行摻合,故EVOH在樹脂組成物中的比例降低,來自EVOH之氣體阻隔性有降低之傾向。
又,近年來,隨著網路購物的普及、開發中國家的經濟成長等,物品流通之無國界化急速地進展,食品、藥品等的輸送期間有長期化之傾向,而需要兼有對於長期輸送時或處理過程中的掉落、碰撞的高的耐衝擊性、以及優異的氣體阻隔性的EVOH系多層結構體(包裝材料)。
因此,在如此的背景下,本發明提供即便不摻合EVOH以外的樹脂仍具有優異之耐衝擊性的EVOH樹脂組成物。
本案發明人鑑於上述情事努力進行研究,結果發現藉由對於EVOH摻合具有屬週期表第4週期d區塊之金屬的金屬種類的脂肪族羧酸之金屬鹽,並且併用微量的山梨酸酯,可獲得製膜時的氣味受到抑制且耐衝擊性優異之EVOH樹脂組成物。
亦即,已知一般脂肪族羧酸之金屬鹽會促進EVOH之熱分解,會使EVOH樹脂組成物之耐衝擊性降低,對於發明所屬技術領域中有通常知識者而言,在以改善EVOH之機械特性(耐衝擊性)為目的之情況下,會避免於EVOH摻合脂肪族羧酸之金屬鹽。但,本案發明人發現對於EVOH摻合特定的脂肪族羧酸之金屬鹽,並且併用微量的山梨酸酯時,和以往的預想相反其機械特性(耐衝擊性)得到改善,且製膜時的氣味受到抑制。
是以,本發明之第1要旨為一種EVOH樹脂組成物,含有EVOH(A)、脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)及山梨酸酯(C),該脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)之金屬種類係屬長週期型週期表第4週期d區塊之金屬,且該山梨酸酯(C)之含量為EVOH(A)、脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)及山梨酸酯(C)之含量總和的0.00001~10ppm。又,第2要旨為一種多
層結構體,係由上述第1要旨之EVOH樹脂組成物構成;第3要旨為一種包裝體,係由上述第2要旨之多層結構體構成。
本發明之EVOH樹脂組成物含有EVOH(A)、脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)及山梨酸酯(C),由於該脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)之金屬種類係屬長週期型週期表第4週期d區塊之金屬,且該山梨酸酯(C)之含量為EVOH(A)、脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)及山梨酸酯(C)之含量總和的0.00001~10ppm,故即便不摻合EVOH以外的樹脂,製成膜時的耐衝擊性仍優異,且製膜時的氣味受到抑制。
該脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)之以金屬換算計之含量為EVOH(A)、脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)及山梨酸酯(C)之含量總和的1~500ppm時,製成膜時的耐衝擊性更為優異。
該脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)之金屬換算含量相對於該山梨酸酯(C)之含量的比(脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)之金屬換算含量/山梨酸酯(C)之含量)以重量基準計為5~20000時,製成膜時的耐衝擊性更為優異。
具有由本發明之EVOH樹脂組成物構成之層的多層結構體,製成膜時的耐衝擊性優異,且製膜時的氣味受到抑制,故能予以製成各種成形物,例如可適當地使用作為食品、藥品、農藥等的包裝材料。
以下詳細地說明本發明,但該等係展示理想之實施態樣之一例。
本發明之EVOH樹脂組成物含有EVOH(A)、脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)及山梨酸酯(C)。以下針對各構成成分進行說明。
<EVOH(A)>
本發明使用之EVOH(A)通常為藉由使乙烯與乙烯酯系單體共聚合後予以皂化而得之樹脂,係以乙烯-乙烯醇系共聚物或乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯系共聚物皂化物形式而為人所知的非水溶性之熱塑性樹脂。聚合法亦可使用公知任意之聚合法,例如溶液聚合、懸浮聚合、乳化聚合,一般會使用以甲醇作為溶劑的溶液聚合。得到的乙烯-乙烯酯系共聚物之皂化亦能以公知的方法實施。
亦即,本發明使用之EVOH(A)係以乙烯結構單元與乙烯醇結構單元為主,且通常含有未皂化而殘存的些許量之乙烯酯結構單元。另外,EVOH一般也稱為乙烯-乙烯酯系共聚物皂化物。
就上述乙烯酯系單體而言,考量從市場取得之容易性、製造時之雜質處理效率佳之觀點,典型會使用乙酸乙烯酯。此外,乙烯酯系單體尚可列舉例如:甲酸乙烯酯、丙酸乙烯酯、戊酸乙烯酯、丁酸乙烯酯、異丁酸乙烯酯、三甲基乙酸乙烯酯、癸酸乙烯酯、月桂酸乙烯酯、硬脂酸乙烯酯、叔碳酸乙烯酯等脂
肪族乙烯酯;苯甲酸乙烯酯等芳香族乙烯酯等。其中,較佳為碳數3~20,更佳為碳數4~10,特佳為碳數4~7之脂肪族乙烯酯。該等通常單獨使用,但視需要也可同時使用多種。
上述EVOH(A)中之乙烯結構單元之含量係根據ISO14663測得之值,通常為20~60莫耳%,較佳為25~50莫耳%,特佳為25~35莫耳%。該含量過少的話,會有高濕時之氣體阻隔性、熔融成形性降低之傾向,反之過多的話,會有氣體阻隔性降低之傾向。
上述EVOH(A)中之乙烯酯成分之皂化度係根據JIS K 6726(惟,EVOH係以使其均勻地溶解於水/甲醇溶劑而得之溶液的形式來使用)測得之值,通常為90~100莫耳%,較佳為95~100莫耳%,特佳為99~100莫耳%。該皂化度過低時,會有氣體阻隔性、熱穩定性、耐濕性等降低之傾向。
又,上述EVOH(A)之熔體流動速率(MFR)(210℃,荷重2160g)通常為0.5~100g/10分鐘,較佳為1~50g/10分鐘,特佳為3~35g/10分鐘。該MFR過高的話,會有製膜性降低之傾向。又,MFR過低的話,會有熔融擠製變得困難之傾向。
本發明使用之EVOH(A)中,除含有乙烯結構單元、乙烯醇結構單元(包括未皂化的乙烯酯結構單元)外,也可更含有來自以下所示之共聚單體的結構單元。前述共聚單體例如可列舉:丙烯、異丁烯、α-辛烯、α-十二烯、α-十八烯等α-烯烴;3-丁烯-1-醇、4-戊烯-1-醇、3-丁烯-1,2-二醇等含羥基之α-烯烴類、其酯化物、
醯化物等含羥基之α-烯烴衍生物;1,3-二乙醯氧基-2-亞甲基丙烷、1,3-二丙醯氧基-2-亞甲基丙烷、1,3-二丁醯氧基-2-亞甲基丙烷等二乙酸羥甲基亞乙烯酯類;不飽和羧酸或其鹽、部分烷基酯、完全烷基酯、腈、醯胺或酸酐;不飽和磺酸或其鹽;乙烯基矽烷化合物;氯乙烯;苯乙烯等。該等可單獨使用或併用2種以上。
再者,上述EVOH(A)也可使用經胺甲酸酯化、縮醛化、氰乙基化、氧伸烷基化等「後改性」而得之EVOH。
而且,如上述的經改性的EVOH當中,就延伸處理、真空-壓空成形等二次成形性為良好之觀點,藉由共聚合而在側鏈導入有一級羥基的EVOH為較佳,於側鏈含有1,2-二醇結構的EVOH尤佳。
又,本發明使用之EVOH(A)也可為和不同的其它EVOH之混合物,該其它EVOH可列舉:乙烯含有率不同者、皂化度不同者、熔體流動速率(MFR)(210℃,荷重2160g)不同者、其它共聚合成分不同者、改性量不同者(例如於側鏈含有一級羥基的結構單元之含量不同者)等。
<脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)>
本發明之EVOH樹脂組成物含有具有屬長週期型週期表第4週期d區塊之金屬之脂肪族羧酸[脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)],上述脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)之碳數通常為3~30,較佳為4~20,特佳為5~14。脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)之碳數為上述範圍內的話,會有更有效地獲得發明之效果之傾向。
作為上述脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)的陰離子源之脂肪族羧酸,具體而言,例如可列舉:[脂肪族單羧酸]丁酸、戊酸、己酸、庚酸、辛酸、壬酸、癸酸、月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸、十五酸、棕櫚酸、十七酸、硬脂酸、花生酸、二十一酸、二十二酸、二十四酸、二十八酸、三十酸、羥丙二酸、甘油酸、羥基丁酸、蘋果酸、酒石酸、葡萄糖酸、甲羥戊酸(mevalonic acid)、泛解酸等飽和脂肪族單羧酸、亞麻油酸、次亞麻油酸、松油酸(pinolenic acid)、桐油酸(eleostearic acid)、異硬脂酸、異壬酸、2-乙基己酸、2-庚基十一烷酸、2-辛基十二烷酸、棕櫚油酸、6-十六烯酸(sapienic acid)、油酸、反油酸(elaidic acid)、異油酸(vaccenic acid)、鱈油酸(gadoleic acid)、二十烯酸、芥酸、二十四烯酸、蓖麻油酸等不飽和脂肪族單羧酸;[脂肪族二羧酸]琥珀酸、己二酸、庚二酸、辛二酸、壬二酸、癸二酸等飽和脂肪族二羧酸、二十碳二烯酸、二十二碳二烯酸等不飽和脂肪族二羧酸;[脂肪族三羧酸]檸檬酸、異檸檬酸、鳥頭酸等飽和脂肪族三羧酸等。上述中,羥丙二酸、甘油酸、羥基丁酸、蘋果酸、酒石酸、葡萄糖酸、檸檬酸、異檸檬酸、甲羥戊酸、泛解酸、蓖麻油酸為含有羥基的脂肪族羧酸。其中,考量熱穩定性(防止熔融成形時之黏度增加及魚眼發生)之觀點,宜為含有1個羧基的脂肪族單羧酸,更佳為飽和脂肪族單羧酸,尤佳為辛酸、月桂酸、硬脂酸,特佳為辛酸、月桂酸。
作為上述脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)的陽離子源之金屬種類,必須為屬長週期型週期表第4週期d區塊之金屬。上述屬長週期型週期表第4週期d區塊之金屬可列
舉:鈧、鈦、釩、鉻、錳、鐵、鈷、鎳、銅、鋅。其中,又以鎳、銅、或鋅較佳,特佳為可獲得特別優異之效果且價格低廉容易取得的鋅。
亦即,上述脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)宜為碳數3~30之飽和脂肪族單羧酸鹽,且其金屬種類係屬長週期型週期表之第4週期d區塊的金屬。更佳為碳數3~30之飽和脂肪族單羧酸鹽,且其金屬種類為鎳、銅、或鋅。
上述脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)可為單獨一種,也可併用多種。
藉由使用上述脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)可獲得優異之效果的理由尚不詳,據推測如下:因脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)之金屬種類係屬週期表第4週期d區塊的金屬,從而適度地抑制會導致機械特性(耐衝擊性)降低的過度的熱分解,並且使得將EVOH樹脂組成物進行多層共擠製成形時所形成的分子配向、結晶結構等高級結構高度地均勻化,故結果是機械特性(耐衝擊性)得到改善。
上述脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)之以金屬換算計之含量,相對於EVOH(A)、脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)及山梨酸酯(C)之含量總和,以重量基準計通常為1~500ppm,較佳為3~300ppm,尤佳為4~200ppm,特佳為5~150ppm。脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)之含量過少的話,會有無法充分地獲得發明之效果之傾向,含量過多的話,會有熱穩定性容易降低之傾向。又,併用2種以上之脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)時之含量,為屬長週期型週期表第4週期d區塊的所有的金屬加總而得之含量。
上述脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)之以金屬換算計之含量,例如可利用如下方法求得。
精秤已乾燥的試樣並放入經恆重化的鉑蒸發皿中,以電熱器予以碳化,然後以瓦斯燃燒器加熱,燒至不冒煙為止,再將上述鉑蒸發皿放入電爐內,升溫使試樣完全灰化。將其冷卻後,對於灰化物加入鹽酸及純水,並利用電熱器予以加熱溶解,然後使其流入定量瓶中並以純水定容,而製成原子吸光分析用之試樣溶液。針對該試樣溶液,以原子吸光度法定量分析原子吸光分析用試樣中的金屬量,藉此可求得肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)之以金屬換算計之含量。
<山梨酸酯(C)>
本發明之EVOH樹脂組成物之特徵為含有上述脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)、及微量的山梨酸酯(C)。
就本發明中使用之山梨酸酯(C)而言,例如可列舉藉由山梨酸與醇、苯酚衍生物之縮合而得之山梨酸酯。具體而言可列舉:山梨酸甲酯、山梨酸乙酯、山梨酸丙酯、山梨酸丁酯、山梨酸戊酯等山梨酸烷酯;山梨酸苯酯、山梨酸萘酯等山梨酸芳酯等。該等可單獨使用或併用2種以上。
其中,考量在水解時產生的醇類的酸性度較低時不易發生樹脂之著色的情況,山梨酸酯(C)宜為山梨酸烷酯,更佳為烷氧基之碳數為1~5之山梨酸烷酯,特佳為烷氧基之碳數為1~3之山梨酸烷酯,最佳為山梨酸甲酯。
就山梨酸酯(C)之分子量而言,通常為120~220,較佳為120~200,特佳為120~160。分子量為上述範圍時,會有有效地獲得著色抑制效果之傾向。
上述山梨酸酯(C)之含量,相對於EVOH(A)、脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)及山梨酸酯(C)之含量總和,為0.00001~10ppm。較佳為0.00005~5ppm,更佳為0.0001~4ppm,尤佳為0.0005~3ppm,特佳為0.001~1ppm。藉由使山梨酸酯(C)之含量為上述範圍內,可有效地獲得耐衝擊性優異且成形時的氣味受到抑制之EVOH樹脂組成物。
如前述,已知一般對於EVOH(A)摻合脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽的話耐衝擊性會降低。
本案發明人發現藉由對於EVOH使用具有屬長週期型週期表第4週期d區塊之金屬的脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽[脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)],耐衝擊性會得到改善,但上述脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)單獨使用的話是無法充分地獲得耐衝擊性之改善效果。其理由據認為如下:上述脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)單獨使用的話,其本身的熱穩定性並不充分,無法獲得充分的耐衝擊性之改善效果。相對於此,本發明據認為是藉由併用上述脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)與微量的山梨酸酯(C),來改善上述脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)之熱穩定性,進而獲得更優異之耐衝擊性之改善效果。藉由併用上述脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)與微量的山梨酸酯(C)可獲得優異之效果的理由據推測如下:山梨酸酯(C)的極性低,容易在樹脂中均勻分散。據推測該山梨酸酯(C)於熔融成形時會因微量的水分而分解並生成山梨酸,該山梨酸與脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)相互作用,而以如金屬簇集錯合物之狀態存在。該錯合物據推測為
錯合物的外側以來自脂肪族羧酸之羰基結構覆蓋而成的能量上穩定的錯合物,據認為因為脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)會在能量方面穩定化,從而樹脂組成物的耐衝擊性會得到改善。
該脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)之金屬換算含量相對於該山梨酸酯(C)之含量的比(脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)之金屬換算含量/山梨酸酯(C)之含量),以重量基準計通常為5~20000,較佳為25~15000,尤佳為50~12000,特佳為500~10000。該值在上述範圍內時,會有更顯著地獲得本發明之效果之傾向。
針對本發明之EVOH樹脂組成物中的山梨酸酯(C)之含量,在EVOH樹脂組成物為丸粒等成形物的情況下,可藉由如下之方法來定量。亦即,先將上述丸粒等成形物以任意方法予以粉碎(例如冷凍粉碎),並使其溶解於碳數1~5之低級醇系溶劑而製成試樣。然後,使用液相層析-質量分析法(LC/MS/MS)對上述試樣進行測定,藉此可定量山梨酸酯(C)之含量。
又,在EVOH樹脂組成物為多層結構體等的和其它熱塑性樹脂等組合而得之成形物的情況下,例如為多層結構體的話,則可利用任意方法將由待測定的EVOH樹脂組成物構成之層從多層結構體取出後,以和上述同樣的方法進行定量。
<其它熱塑性樹脂>
本發明之EVOH樹脂組成物,即便不摻合EVOH(A)以外的樹脂,製成膜時的耐衝擊性仍優異,但為了更提高耐衝擊性、或賦予耐衝擊性以外的機能,也可在相對於EVOH(A)通常為30重量%以下之範圍內含有其它熱塑性樹脂。
上述其它熱塑性樹脂例如可列舉:直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、高密度聚乙烯、離子聚合物、乙烯-丙烯共聚物、聚丙烯、聚丁烯、聚戊烯等烯烴的均聚物或共聚物、聚環狀烯烴、或將該等烯烴的均聚物或共聚物以不飽和羧酸或其酯進行接枝改性而得者等廣義的聚烯烴系樹脂、聚苯乙烯系樹脂、聚酯、聚醯胺、共聚聚醯胺、聚氯乙烯、聚偏二氯乙烯、丙烯酸系樹脂、乙烯酯系樹脂、氯化聚乙烯、氯化聚丙烯等熱塑性樹脂。該等可單獨使用或併用2種以上。
尤其,製造使用本發明之EVOH樹脂組成物而成的多層結構體,並將其作為食品的包裝材料使用時,為了防止上述包裝材料經熱水處理後於包裝材料端部發生EVOH層溶出之情形,宜摻合聚醯胺系樹脂。藉由聚醯胺系樹脂的醯胺鍵與EVOH的OH基及酯基中之至少一者的相互作用,可形成網絡結構,藉此能防止熱水處理時的EVOH溶出。是以,使用本發明之EVOH樹脂組成物作為蒸煮食品(retort food)、煮沸食品(boiled food)的包裝材料時,宜摻合聚醯胺系樹脂。
上述聚醯胺系樹脂可使用公知者。
具體而言,例如可列舉:聚己內醯胺(尼龍6)、聚-ω-胺基庚酸(尼龍7)、聚-ω-胺基壬酸(尼龍9)、聚十一醯胺(尼龍11)、聚月桂內醯胺(尼龍12)等均聚物。又,
共聚聚醯胺系樹脂可列舉:聚乙二胺己二醯胺(尼龍26)、聚四亞甲基己二醯胺(尼龍46)、聚六亞甲基己二醯胺(尼龍66)、聚六亞甲基癸二醯胺(尼龍610)、聚六亞甲基十二烷二醯胺(尼龍612)、聚八亞甲基己二醯胺(尼龍86)、聚十亞甲基己二醯胺(尼龍108)、己內醯胺/月桂內醯胺共聚物(尼龍6/12)、己內醯胺/ω-胺基壬酸共聚物(尼龍6/9)、己內醯胺/己二酸六亞甲基二銨共聚物(尼龍6/66)、月桂內醯胺/己二酸六亞甲基二銨共聚物(尼龍12/66)、乙二胺己二醯胺/己二酸六亞甲基二銨共聚物(尼龍26/66)、己內醯胺/己二酸六亞甲基二銨/癸二酸六亞甲基二銨共聚物(尼龍66/610)、己二酸伸乙基銨/己二酸六亞甲基二銨/癸二酸六亞甲基二銨共聚物(尼龍6/66/610)等脂肪族聚醯胺、聚六亞甲基間苯二甲醯胺、聚六亞甲基對苯二甲醯胺、聚間二甲苯己二醯胺、六亞甲基間苯二甲醯胺/對苯二甲醯胺共聚物、聚對伸苯基對苯二甲醯胺、聚對伸苯基.3-4’二苯基醚對苯二甲醯胺等芳香族聚醯胺、非晶性聚醯胺、將該等聚醯胺系樹脂以亞甲基苄胺、間苯二甲胺等芳香族胺進行改性而得者、己二酸間苯二甲銨、或將該等聚醯胺系樹脂之末端進行改性而得之末端改性聚醯胺系樹脂等。其中,宜為末端改性之聚醯胺系樹脂。該等可單獨使用或併用2種以上。
<其它添加劑>
本發明之EVOH樹脂組成物中,在不妨礙本發明之效果之範圍內(例如,通常為EVOH樹脂組成物的10重量%以下,較佳為5重量%以下),也可含有一般會摻合於EVOH中的摻合劑,例如:熱穩定劑、抗氧化劑、抗靜電劑、著色劑、紫外線吸收劑、潤滑劑、塑化劑、光穩定劑、界面活性劑、抗菌劑、乾燥劑、抗
黏連劑、阻燃劑、交聯劑、發泡劑、結晶成核劑、防霧劑、生物分解用添加劑、矽烷偶聯劑、吸氧劑、無機填料等。該等可單獨使用或併用2種以上。
就上述熱穩定劑而言,基於改善熔融成形時的熱穩定性等各種物性之目的,例如可列舉:乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、月桂酸、硬脂酸、油酸、二十二酸等有機酸類、或它們的鹼土金屬鹽(鈣鹽、鎂鹽等)等。該等可單獨使用或併用2種以上。
<EVOH樹脂組成物之製造方法>
本發明之EVOH樹脂組成物之製造方法不特別限定,例如可列舉下列(I)~(IV)所示之方法等。
(I)對於EVOH(A)之丸粒按預定比例摻合脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)及山梨酸酯(C)中之至少一者,並進行乾混摻之方法(乾混摻法)。
(II)使EVOH(A)之丸粒浸漬於含有脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)及山梨酸酯(C)中之至少一者的溶液後,將丸粒乾燥之方法(浸漬法)。
(III)於EVOH(A)之熔融混練時摻合脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)及山梨酸酯(C)中之至少一者,然後製作丸粒之方法(熔融混練法)。
(IV)在含有EVOH(A)的溶液中添加脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)及山梨酸酯(C)中之至少一者並予以混合後,除去溶液中的溶劑之方法(溶液混合法)。
上述方法亦可組合多種來使用。
該等之中,對於(IV)在含有EVOH(A)的溶液中按預定比例摻合山梨酸酯(C)後除去溶劑而得到的EVOH樹脂組成物丸粒,(I)乾混摻脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)之方法(乾混摻法),以及(I)對於EVOH(A)之丸粒按預定比例摻合脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)及山梨酸酯(C)並進行乾混摻之方法(乾混摻法),就生產性、經濟性之觀點係實用,工業上較為理想。又,摻合上述其它添加劑時,亦可依上述(I)~(IV)之方法來得到含有其它添加劑之EVOH樹脂組成物。
就上述(I)之方法中的乾混摻的手段而言,例如可使用搖擺式混合機、帶式混摻機(ribbon blender)、管道混合器(line mixer)等公知的混合裝置。
當實施上述(I)之方法中的乾混摻時,為了提升脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)及山梨酸酯(C)中之至少一成分的附著性,宜預先將該EVOH(A)之丸粒之含水率調整為0.1~5重量%(進一步為0.5~4重量%,特別是1~3重量%),該含水率過小時,會有脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)及山梨酸酯(C)中之至少一者容易脫落,附著分布容易變得不均勻之傾向。反之過大時,會有脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)及山梨酸酯(C)中之至少一者凝聚,附著分布變得不均勻之傾向。
另外,在此所稱EVOH(A)之丸粒之含水率係利用下列方法測定、算出。
[含水率之測定方法]
在室溫(25℃)下,以EVOH(A)之丸粒作為試樣,利用電子天秤秤量乾燥前重量(W1)。然後,將該試樣在150℃之熱風乾燥機中乾燥5小時。乾燥後,秤量在
乾燥器中放冷30分鐘而使EVOH(A)之丸粒之溫度恢復至室溫後的重量(W2),並依下式算出。
含水率(重量%)=[(W1-W2)/W1]×100
又,藉由上述(I)、(II)之方法,可得到在EVOH(A)之丸粒之外側有脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)及山梨酸酯(C)附著的丸粒。
就上述(III)之方法中的熔融混練的手段而言,例如可使用Kneader-Rudder捏合機、擠製機、混合輥、班布瑞混合機(Bumbary mixers)、PlastoMill混練機等公知的熔融混練裝置並實施,通常在150~300℃(進一步為180~280℃)實施約1~20分鐘之熔融混練較為理想,尤其使用單軸或雙軸之擠製機的話,考量能輕易得到丸粒之觀點係在工業上有利,此外也宜視需要設置排氣孔抽吸裝置、齒輪泵裝置、篩網裝置等。尤其,為了除去水分、副產物(熱分解低分子量物等),而於擠製機設置1個以上的排氣孔並在減壓下進行抽吸,或為了防止氧氣混入至擠製機中,而將氮氣等鈍性氣體連續地供給至料斗內,藉此可獲得熱著色、熱劣化減輕的品質優異的EVOH樹脂組成物。
又,針對供給至擠製機等熔融混練裝置之方法亦不特別限定,可列舉:1)將EVOH(A)、與脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)及山梨酸酯(C)中之至少一者予以乾混摻並一併供給至擠製機之方法;2)將EVOH(A)供給至擠製機並使其熔融後,供給固體狀之脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)及山梨酸酯(C)中之至少一者之方法(固體側部進料法);3)將EVOH(A)供給至擠製機並使其熔融後,供給熔融狀態之脂肪族羧酸金
屬鹽(B)及山梨酸酯(C)中之至少一者之方法(熔體側部進料法)等,其中,1)之方法就裝置之簡便性、混摻物之成本面等較為實用。
又,就在熔融混練後製作丸粒的方法而言,可使用公知的方法,例如可列舉股線裁切法、熱裁切法(空中裁切法、水下裁切法)等。考量工業生產性之觀點,宜為股線裁切法。
就上述溶液混合法中所使用的溶劑而言,只要是使用公知的EVOH之良好溶劑即可,典型可使用水與碳數1~4之脂肪族醇之混合溶劑,宜為水與甲醇之混合溶劑。於溶解時可任意地進行加熱、加壓,濃度亦為任意。例如,只要在溶有EVOH(A)的溶液或糊劑中摻合脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)及山梨酸酯(C)中之至少一者即可。此時,可將脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)及山梨酸酯(C)以固體、溶液、分散液等之狀態摻合。
摻合後,利用上述公知的方法將各成分已均勻分散的EVOH組成物溶液或糊劑予以造粒。考量工業生產性之觀點,宜為水下裁切法。將得到的丸粒以公知的方法進行乾燥。
上述丸粒的形狀,例如可採用球形、卵形、圓柱形、立方體形、長方體形等任意形狀。丸粒的形狀通常為卵形或圓柱形,就其大小而言,考量後續作為成形材料使用時的便利性之觀點,為圓柱形時底面之直徑通常為1~6mm,較佳為2~5mm,長度通常為1~6mm,較佳為2~5mm。為卵形時長徑通常為1.5~30mm,較佳為3~20mm,更佳為3.5~10mm。短徑通常為1~10mm,較佳為2~6mm,特佳
為2.5~5.5mm。測定該長徑及短徑之方法,例如可列舉如下方法:手取丸粒進行觀察,並使用游標卡尺等計測器測定長徑,然後以目視及觸覺確認與該長徑垂直的最大面積的剖面,並以同樣方式測定該最大剖面的短徑。
如此進行,可得到本發明之EVOH樹脂組成物。
<多層結構體>
本發明之多層結構體,係具有至少1層由上述本發明之EVOH樹脂組成物構成之層者。由本發明之EVOH樹脂組成物構成之層(以下簡單稱為「樹脂組成物層」。),藉由與其它基材疊層,可進一步提高強度、或賦予其它機能。
上述基材宜使用EVOH以外的熱塑性樹脂(以下稱為「其它基材樹脂」。)。
就上述其它基材樹脂而言,例如可列舉:包括直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、超低密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、高密度聚乙烯、乙烯-丙烯(嵌段及無規)共聚物、乙烯-α-烯烴(碳數4~20之α-烯烴)共聚物等聚乙烯系樹脂、聚丙烯、丙烯-α-烯烴(碳數4~20之α-烯烴)共聚物等聚丙烯系樹脂、聚丁烯、聚戊烯、聚環狀烯烴系樹脂(於主鏈及側鏈之至少一者具有環狀烯烴結構的聚合物)等(未改性)聚烯烴系樹脂、將該等聚烯烴類以不飽和羧酸或其酯進行接枝改性而得之不飽和羧酸改性聚烯烴系樹脂等改性烯烴系樹脂的廣義的聚烯烴系樹脂、離子聚合物、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物、乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚物、聚酯系樹脂、聚醯胺系樹脂(亦包括共聚聚醯胺)、聚氯乙烯、聚偏二氯乙烯、丙烯
酸系樹脂、聚苯乙烯系樹脂、乙烯酯系樹脂、聚酯彈性體、聚胺甲酸酯彈性體、氯化聚乙烯、氯化聚丙烯等鹵化聚烯烴、芳香族或脂肪族聚酮類等。該等可單獨使用或併用2種以上。
該等之中,考量疏水性時,又以係疏水性樹脂的聚醯胺系樹脂、聚烯烴系樹脂、聚酯系樹脂、聚苯乙烯系樹脂較佳,更佳為聚乙烯系樹脂、聚丙烯系樹脂、聚環狀烯烴系樹脂及它們的不飽和羧酸改性聚烯烴系樹脂等聚烯烴系樹脂,特佳為聚環狀烯烴系樹脂。
就本發明之多層結構體之層構成而言,令樹脂組成物層為a(a1、a2、...)、其它基材樹脂層為b(b1、b2、...)時,可為a/b、b/a/b、a/b/a、a1/a2/b、a/b1/b2、b2/b1/a/b1/b2、b2/b1/a/b1/a/b1/b2等任意的組合。
另外,上述層構成中,各層之間也可視需要插入黏接性樹脂層。為在樹脂組成物層的至少一面介隔黏接樹脂層而具有其它基材樹脂層(亦即EVOH以外的熱塑性樹脂層)的多層結構體時,會有更有效地獲得本發明之效果之傾向。
又,令將在製造上述多層結構體之過程中產生的端部、不良品等予以再熔融成形而得之含有本發明之樹脂組成物與其它基材樹脂之混合物、或含有本發明之樹脂組成物與其它基材樹脂與黏接性樹脂之混合物的再利用層為R時,也可為b/R/a、b/R/a/b、b/R/a/R/b、b/a/R/a/b、b/R/a/R/a/R/b等。本發明之多層結構體之層數以總數計通常為2~15,宜為3~10。
就本發明之多層結構體中之多層結構之層構成而言,宜以含有樹脂組成物層作為中間層並設有其它基材樹脂層作為該中間層的兩外側層之多層結構體之單元(b/a/b,或b/黏接性樹脂層/a/黏接性樹脂層/b)作為基本單元;宜為至少具備該基本單元作為構成單元的多層結構體。
就係為上述黏接性樹脂層形成材料的黏接性樹脂而言,可使用公知者,因應其它基材樹脂層中使用的熱塑性樹脂之種類適當地選擇即可。典型可列舉利用加成反應、接枝反應等使不飽和羧酸或其酸酐與聚烯烴系樹脂化學性地鍵結而得之含羧基之改性聚烯烴系聚合物。例如為馬來酸酐接枝改性聚乙烯、馬來酸酐接枝改性聚丙烯、馬來酸酐接枝改性乙烯-丙烯(嵌段及無規)共聚物、馬來酸酐接枝改性乙烯-丙烯酸乙酯共聚物、馬來酸酐接枝改性乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、馬來酸酐改性聚環狀烯烴系樹脂、馬來酸酐接枝改性聚烯烴系樹脂等,該等可單獨使用或併用2種以上。
此時的不飽和羧酸或其酸酐之含量,通常為0.001~3重量%,較佳為0.01~1重量%,特佳為0.03~0.5重量%。改性物中的改性量少的話,會有黏接性變得不充分之傾向,反之多的話,會有發生交聯反應,成形性變差之傾向。
也可對於該等黏接性樹脂混摻EVOH(A)、其它EVOH、聚異丁烯、乙烯-丙烯橡膠等橡膠.彈性體成分、甚至聚烯烴系樹脂層之樹脂等。尤其,也可混摻與係黏接性樹脂之母體的聚烯烴系樹脂不同的聚烯烴系樹脂。
上述其它基材樹脂、黏接性樹脂層中,在不妨礙本發明之要旨之範圍內(例如為30重量%以下,宜為10重量%以下),除了可含有本發明使用之脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)、山梨酸酯(C)之外,也可含有習知的摻合劑。作為摻合劑,可列舉出例如塑化劑(乙二醇、甘油、己二醇等)、填料、黏土(蒙脫石等)、著色劑、抗氧化劑、抗靜電劑、潤滑劑(例如碳數10~30之高級脂肪酸、高級脂肪酸之鹼土金屬鹽、高級脂肪酸酯(高級脂肪酸之甲酯、異丙酯、丁酯、辛酯等)、高級脂肪醯胺(硬脂醯胺、二十二醯胺等飽和脂肪醯胺、油醯胺、芥醯胺等不飽和脂肪醯胺、伸乙基雙硬脂醯胺、伸乙基雙油醯胺、伸乙基雙芥醯胺、伸乙基雙月桂醯胺等雙脂肪醯胺)、低分子量聚烯烴(例如分子量約500~10000之低分子量聚乙烯、或低分子量聚丙烯)、氟化乙烯樹脂等)、結晶成核劑、抗黏連劑、紫外線吸收劑、蠟等。該等可單獨使用或併用2種以上。尤其,和本發明之樹脂組成物層鄰接的黏接性樹脂層含有脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)及山梨酸酯(C)時,可獲得耐衝擊性更為優異之多層結構體。
使本發明之EVOH樹脂組成物與其它基材樹脂疊層而製作多層結構體時(包括插入有黏接性樹脂層之情況),其疊層方法可利用公知的方法實施。例如可列舉:將其它基材樹脂熔融擠製層合於本發明之樹脂組成物之薄膜、片等之方法;反之將本發明之樹脂組成物熔融擠製層合於其它基材樹脂之方法;將本發明之樹脂組成物與其它基材樹脂進行共擠製之方法;分別製作由本發明之樹脂組成物構成之薄膜(層)及其它基材樹脂層,並將該等以有機鈦化合物、異氰酸酯化合物、聚酯系化合物、聚胺甲酸酯化合物等公知的黏接劑進行乾層合之方法;在
其它基材樹脂層上塗覆本發明之EVOH樹脂組成物之溶液後除去溶劑之方法等。該等之中,考量成本、環境之觀點,宜為進行共擠製之方法。
上述多層結構體可直接使用於各種形狀之物,但可視需要施以(加熱)延伸處理。延伸處理可為單軸延伸、雙軸延伸中之任一者,為雙軸延伸時可為同時延伸,也可為逐次延伸。又,就延伸方法而言,也可採用輥延伸法、拉幅機延伸法、管狀延伸法、延伸吹塑法、真空壓空成形等當中延伸倍率較高者。延伸溫度通常選自40~170℃之範圍,宜選自約60~160℃之範圍。延伸溫度過低時,會有延伸性變得不良之傾向;過高時,會有變得難以維持穩定的延伸狀態之傾向。
另外,為了在延伸後賦予尺寸穩定性,亦可對上述多層結構體實施熱固定。熱固定可利用周知的方法實施,例如將上述已延伸的多層結構體(延伸薄膜)邊保持緊張狀態邊於通常為80~180℃,較佳為100~165℃實施通常約2~600秒之熱處理。
又,將使用本發明之EVOH樹脂組成物而得的多層延伸薄膜製成收縮用薄膜來使用時,為了賦予熱收縮性,並不實施上述之熱固定,而是實施例如對於延伸後之薄膜吹送冷風而予以冷卻固定等處理即可。
再者,也可從本發明之多層結構體獲得杯、盤狀之多層容器。就多層容器之製作方法而言,通常採用抽拉成形法,具體而言可列舉:真空成形法、壓空成形法、真空壓空成形法、柱塞輔助式真空壓空成形法等。再者,從多層型坯(吹
塑前的中空管狀的預成形物)獲得管、瓶狀之多層容器時可採用吹塑成形法,具體而言可列舉:擠製吹塑成形法(雙頭式、模具移動式、型坯移動式、旋轉式式、蓄積式、水平型坯式等)、冷型坯式吹塑成形法、射出吹塑成形法、雙軸延伸吹塑成形法(擠製式冷型坯雙軸延伸吹塑成形法、射出式冷型坯雙軸延伸吹塑成形法、射出成形內嵌式雙軸延伸吹塑成形法等)等。本發明之多層疊層體可視需要實施熱處理、冷卻處理、壓延處理、印刷處理、乾層合處理、溶液或熔融塗層處理、製袋加工、深抽拉加工、箱體加工、管材加工、分切加工等。
本發明之多層結構體(包括已延伸者)的厚度,再者,構成多層結構體的樹脂組成物層、其它基材樹脂層及黏接性樹脂層的厚度,可因應層構成、基材樹脂之種類、黏接性樹脂之種類、用途或包裝形態、要求之物性等而予以適當設定。另外,下列數值,在樹脂組成物層、黏接性樹脂層、其它基材樹脂層中之至少1種之層存在2層以上之情況下,係為同種之層的厚度加總而得之值。
本發明之多層結構體(包括已延伸者)的厚度,通常為10~5000μm,較佳為30~3000μm,特佳為50~2000μm。多層結構體的總厚度過薄時,會有氣體阻隔性降低之傾向。又,多層結構體的總厚度過厚時,氣體阻隔性之性能變得過度,會使用超出所必須的原料,故經濟性不佳。而且,上述多層結構體中的本發明之樹脂組成物層通常為1~500μm,較佳為3~300μm,特佳為5~200μm,其它基材樹脂層通常為5~3000μm,較佳為10~2000μm,特佳為20~1000μm,黏接性樹脂層通常為0.5~250μm,較佳為1~150μm,特佳為3~100μm。
再者,就多層結構體中的樹脂組成物層與其它基材樹脂層之厚度比(樹脂組成物層/其它基材樹脂層)而言,各層有多層時則以厚度最厚的層彼此的厚度比計,通常為1/99~50/50,較佳為5/95~45/55,特佳為10/90~40/60。又,就多層結構體中的樹脂組成物層與黏接性樹脂層之厚度比(樹脂組成物層/黏接性樹脂層)而言,各層有多層時則以厚度最厚的層彼此的厚度比計,通常為10/90~99/1,較佳為20/80~95/5,特佳為50/50~90/10。
由以上述方式獲得之薄膜、延伸薄膜所構成之袋及杯、盤、管、瓶等構成之容器、蓋材,作為一般食品、美乃滋、調味醬等調味料、味噌等發酵食品、沙拉油等油脂食品、飲料、化妝品、醫藥品等的各種包裝材料容器係有用。
[實施例]
以下,舉實施例更具體地說明本發明,但本發明只要不超過其要旨,並不限於以下之實施例。另外,以下記載之「%」、「ppm」,除非另有說明,否則意指重量基準。
[實施例1]
[EVOH樹脂組成物之製造]
使用作為EVOH(A)之乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物(a1)[乙烯結構單元之含量38莫耳%,MFR3.7g/10分鐘(210℃,荷重2160g)]丸粒、作為脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)之硬脂酸鋅(b1)、作為山梨酸酯(C)之山梨酸甲酯(c1)。又,使用相對於乙烯-乙烯醇系共聚物(a1)、硬脂酸鋅(b1)、山梨酸甲酯(c1)之總和以金屬換算計為45ppm之硬
脂酸鋅(b1),使用相對於乙烯-乙烯醇系共聚物(a1)、硬脂酸鋅(b1)、山梨酸甲酯(c1)之總和為0.005ppm之山梨酸甲酯(c1),將其一併進行乾混摻,而製得實施例1之EVOH樹脂組成物。
[多層結構體之製造]
對於3種5層多層共擠製澆鑄膜製膜裝置,供給上述得到的EVOH樹脂組成物、直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)(日本聚乙烯公司製「UF240」,MFR2.1g/10分鐘[190℃,荷重2160g])、黏接樹脂(LyondellBasell公司製「PLEXAR PX3236」,MFR2.0g/10分鐘[190℃,荷重2160g]),並以下列條件進行多層共擠製成形,藉此得到LLDPE層/黏接樹脂層/EVOH樹脂組成物層/黏接樹脂層/LLDPE層之3種5層結構之多層結構體(薄膜)。多層結構體之各層的厚度(μm)為37.5/5/15/5/37.5。成形裝置之模溫度全部設定為210℃。
(多層共擠製成形條件)
.中間層擠製機(EVOH樹脂組成物):40mmφ單軸擠製機(機筒溫度:210℃)
.上下層擠製機(LLDPE):40mmφ單軸擠製機(機筒溫度:210℃)
.中上下層擠製機(黏接樹脂):32mmφ單軸擠製機(機筒溫度:210℃)
.模:3種5層進料模組型T模(模溫度:210℃)
.拉伸速度:14m/分鐘
.輥溫度:50℃
<氣味評價>
秤取10g上述製得之EVOH樹脂組成物至鋁皿,針對予以加熱至和多層結構體之製造溫度相同的210℃時之氣味按下列評價基準進行評價。
A=未感覺到氣味。
B=稍微感覺到氣味。
C=明顯感覺到氣味。
D=感覺到強烈的氣味,係無法繼續作業之程度。
<耐衝擊強度評價>
在23℃、50%RH之環境中,使用YSS式薄膜衝擊測試機(安田精機製作所公司製,型式181),對上述製得之多層結構體之衝擊強度(kgf.cm)進行評價。測定共計進行5次,將其平均值作為多層結構體之衝擊強度來進行評價。
另外,夾器內徑為60mm,衝擊球係使用半徑12.7mm者,擺錘之舉起角度為90°。
<氣體阻隔性評價>
使用氧氣透過量測定裝置(MOCON公司製,OX-TRAN 2/21),對上述得到之多層結構體的氣體阻隔性(20℃,65%RH)進行評價。將其結果顯示於後述之表1中。
[實施例2]
相對於實施例1,使用相對於乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物(a1)、硬脂酸鋅(b1)、山梨酸甲酯(c1)之總和為0.5ppm之山梨酸甲酯(c1),除此以外,以與實施例1同樣方式
實施,製得EVOH樹脂組成物及多層結構體。針對得到之EVOH樹脂組成物及多層結構體,以與實施例1同樣方式進行評價。
[實施例3]
相對於實施例1,不使用硬脂酸鋅(b1)而改用辛酸鋅(b2),除此以外,以與實施例1同樣方式實施,製得EVOH樹脂組成物及多層結構體。針對得到之EVOH樹脂組成物及多層結構體,以與實施例1同樣方式進行評價。
[實施例4]
相對於實施例2,不使用硬脂酸鋅(b1)而改用辛酸鋅(b2),除此以外,以與實施例2同樣方式實施,製得EVOH樹脂組成物及多層結構體。針對得到之EVOH樹脂組成物及多層結構體,以與實施例1同樣方式進行評價。
[比較例1]
相對於實施例1,未使用山梨酸甲酯(c1),除此以外,以與實施例1同樣方式實施,製得EVOH樹脂組成物及多層結構體。針對得到之EVOH樹脂組成物及多層結構體,以與實施例1同樣方式進行評價。
[比較例2]
相對於實施例3,未使用山梨酸甲酯(c1),除此以外,以與實施例3同樣方式實施,製得EVOH樹脂組成物及多層結構體。針對得到之EVOH樹脂組成物及多層結構體,以與實施例1同樣方式進行評價。
[比較例3]
相對於實施例1,未使用硬脂酸鋅(b1),除此以外,以與實施例1同樣方式實施,製得EVOH樹脂組成物及多層結構體。針對得到之EVOH樹脂組成物及多層結構體,以與實施例1同樣方式進行評價。
[比較例4]
相對於實施例1,不使用硬脂酸鋅(b1)而改用硬脂酸鈉(b3),除此以外,以與實施例1同樣方式實施,製得EVOH樹脂組成物及多層結構體。針對得到之EVOH樹脂組成物及多層結構體,以與實施例1同樣方式進行評價。
[比較例5]
相對於實施例1,使用相對於乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物(a1)、硬脂酸鋅(b1)、山梨酸甲酯(c1)之總和為15ppm之山梨酸甲酯(c1),除此以外,以與實施例1同樣方式實施,製得EVOH樹脂組成物及多層結構體。針對得到之EVOH樹脂組成物及多層結構體,以與實施例1同樣方式進行評價。
[比較例6]
相對於實施例1,使用相對於乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物(a1)、硬脂酸鋅(b1)、山梨酸甲酯(c1)之總和為30ppm之山梨酸甲酯(c1),除此以外,以與實施例1同樣方式實施,製得EVOH樹脂組成物。實施了從得到之EVOH樹脂組成物來製作多層結
構體,但因強烈的氣味而放棄了多層結構體之製作。又,針對上述EVOH樹脂組成物,以與實施例1同樣方式進行評價。
將構成上述得到之EVOH樹脂組成物的各成分、以及上述評價結果彙整於下列表1中。
相較於含有脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)且未含有山梨酸酯(C)的比較例1及2之EVOH樹脂組成物所具有之衝擊強度,未含有脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)且含有山梨酸酯(C)的比較例3之EVOH樹脂組成物之衝擊強度更低。儘管如此,含有脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)且含有山梨酸酯(C)的實施例之EVOH樹脂組成物之衝擊強度,相較於比較例1~3之EVOH樹脂組成物顯然更為優異。而且,氣體阻隔性並未降低,係良好。又,山梨酸酯(C)之含量高於本發明所規定之量的比較例5之EVOH樹脂組成物,係衝擊強度低而且也明顯感覺到氣味。
使用硬脂酸鈉來替換脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)時(比較例4),即便含有山梨酸酯(C),衝擊強度仍有改善之餘地。
又,使用摻合有30ppm之山梨酸酯(C)的樹脂組成物時(比較例6),於加熱時產生強烈的氣味,無法繼續作業。
使用上述得到之各實施例之多層結構體製作而成的包裝體,皆為耐衝擊性與氣體阻隔性優異者。
上述實施例已揭示本發明之具體形態,但上述實施例僅為例示,不做限定性解釋。對於該技術領域中具有通常知識者而言為明顯的各種變形意欲包括在本發明之範圍內。
[產業上利用性]
本發明之EVOH樹脂組成物具有優異的耐衝擊性及氣體阻隔性。因此,含有由上述EVOH樹脂組成物構成之層的多層結構體,作為係一般食品的美乃滋、調味醬等調味料、味噌等發酵食品、沙拉油等油脂食品、飲料等、化妝品、醫藥品等的各種包裝材料容器之原料係有用。
Claims (4)
- 一種乙烯-乙烯醇系共聚物組成物,含有乙烯-乙烯醇系共聚物(A)、脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)及山梨酸酯(C),其特徵為:該山梨酸酯(C)為山梨酸甲酯,該脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)之以金屬換算計之含量為乙烯-乙烯醇系共聚物(A)、脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)及山梨酸酯(C)之含量總和的1~500ppm,該脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)之金屬種類係屬長週期型週期表第4週期d區塊之金屬,且該山梨酸酯(C)之含量為乙烯-乙烯醇系共聚物(A)、脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)及山梨酸酯(C)之含量總和的0.00001~10ppm。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之乙烯-乙烯醇系共聚物組成物,其中,該脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)之以金屬換算計之含量相對於該山梨酸酯(C)之含量的比(脂肪族羧酸金屬鹽(B)之以金屬換算計之含量/山梨酸酯(C)之含量)以重量基準計為5~20000。
- 一種多層結構體,具有由如申請專利範圍第1或2項之乙烯-乙烯醇系共聚物組成物構成之層。
- 一種包裝體,係由如申請專利範圍第3項之多層結構體構成。
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