RU2716519C1 - Installation for snow utilization based on hot-water boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to heat power engineering. Snow utilization plant based on hot-water boiler intended for heating and hot water supply as part of seasonal boiler house, installed on top plate of channel for underground laying of box of exit gases, comprises working chamber for receiving and melting snow, one of the sides of which is made in the form of a perforated sheet for draining melt water into a drain channel; grate arranged above working chamber to receive and thaw snow in order to prevent ingress of garbage when snow has been loaded with working chamber for snow intake and melting; drain channel for melt water collection, installed lower in level relative to working chamber for snow intake and thawing; pipelines connecting drainage channel for collection of melt water with storm water sewage treatment facilities; inclined apron protecting garbage drain channel.

EFFECT: invention is aimed at utilization of snow mass due to use of excessive heat contained in outgoing gases of hot-water boiler.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The installation for the disposal of snow on the basis of a boiler belongs to the field of thermal energy and is intended for use in utilities for the disposal of snow and ice.

One of the sources of heat supply in the city, are boiler rooms that operate only in the heating period. These are the so-called seasonal boiler houses, consisting mainly of hot water boilers, the flue gas ducts of which can be laid both above ground and underground. These boilers are designed to operate on two types of fuel: natural gas and fuel oil. It is known that when boilers run on liquid fuel, in order to avoid the danger of lowering the temperature of the exhaust gases below the dew point, this temperature should be 110 ° C - 120 ° C. For this reason, and also due to a number of other circumstances, the temperature of the flue gases of the boilers included in these boiler houses is much higher than 100 ° С. However, it is also known that heating boilers operating in the city consume only natural gas, the dew point of which is at the level of 50 ° С - 60 ° С. Thus, the flue gases of boilers operating as part of a seasonal boiler house contain a certain amount of unused heat. One of the ways to use the excess heat contained in the flue gases of heating boiler houses is to melt the snow mass in snow disposal plants placed above the flue gas duct laid underground in the boilers included in these boiler houses, which is the subject of the claimed utility model .

Known stationary snow melting installation on the basis of thermal power plants [Utility Model Patent No. 165483, IPC E01H 5/10. Stationary snow melting installation on the basis of a thermal power plant / Zamaleev MM, Sharapov VI, Gubin IV, Pavlov VA, Yaparov IV], which contains a snow melting chamber with a surface heat exchanger. The inlet pipe of the surface heat exchanger of the stationary snow-melting installation is connected via a heating medium to the return network water pipe between the first lift network pump and the flow regulator, and the outlet pipe of the surface heat exchanger of the stationary snow-melting installation is connected through the heating medium to the return network water pipe between the flow regulator and the lower network heater, while the snow melting chamber of the stationary snow melting installation is configured to connect in summer, to the storm sewer pipeline for supplying rainwater from the territory of the cogeneration plant. However, this snow melting model is applicable on the basis of a thermal power plant, it uses the heat of only return network water and is not suitable for using the excess heat contained in the flue gases of boilers or power boilers.

Known design of gas snow melter [Copyright certificate for the invention No. 108722, Gas snow melter / Kuzmin PA, Stolpner H.B.]. In this gas snow melter with a gas passage labyrinth located in the thawing chamber, consisting of parallel L-shaped channels connected to the exhaust pipe, for the purpose of compactness, as well as to increase the heat-utilization coefficient and improve the self-collapse conditions of snow arches formed during thawing, two L-shaped channels with gas burners installed beneath them, they are located at the bottom of the thawing chamber along its sides and are connected through a common box to an upstream two-knee channel fixed in the middle and connected to the pipe the battle.

The disadvantage of this gas snow melter is the need to use organic fossil fuels (natural gas) for the disposal of snow by burning in gas burners located at the bottom of the thawing chamber.

Known design of snow melter [Copyright certificate for the invention No. 76165, Snow melter / Elagin V.Ya., Ilyin NN]. The proposed snow melter consists of a furnace space, in the center of which there is a furnace; upper inclined grates, consisting of longitudinal iron strips such as blinds; additional lower grates installed on the bottom, made in the form of a gutter, and a wooden external fence collapsible type. The snow melter to the top is loaded with snow. After putting it into operation, the water formed during the melting of the upper part of the snow, flowing down, falls on the snow lying on the lower grates, and gives it the excess of its heat.

The disadvantage of this snow melter design is the need to use organic fossil fuels for snow utilization, by burning in a furnace located inside the box-type housing.

Known design of snow melter [Copyright certificate for the invention No. 83202, Snow melter / Kolodey A.P., Zakolupin P.V.]. This design is mobile, mounted on a sled and consists of a furnace with a blower fan; domed tent; the main bunker, in which snow is loaded for melting, and an additional bunker, which serves to raise the level of melt water and melting snow with the heat of the outgoing water.

The disadvantage of this snow melter design is the need to use organic fossil fuels for snow disposal by burning in a furnace.

Known design of snow melter [Copyright certificate for the invention No. 125270, Stationary snow melter / Orlovsky Z.A., Lurie M.Yu., Rogov V.F., Ivashkevich N.A.]. The invention relates to stationary snow thawers with melting snow in a chamber with water heated by combustible gases sparging through it. In order to heat water by direct contact with gaseous products of combustion, the outlet of the furnace is immersed in water and equipped with slot nozzles directed at an angle to the bottom of the chamber with water and located on opposite sides of the furnace. The gas burner is powered by a high pressure gas pipeline.

The disadvantage of this snow melter design is the need to use natural gas for snow utilization, by burning the furnace in a gas burner.

Known design of snow melts [Copyright certificate for the invention No. 25960, Snow melter / Basto SP]. The invention relates to snow melters in which chimneys are located in a snow receiver in order to thaw snow immersed in a snow receiver. The combustion products from the firebox located above the blower pass into the chimney box, and from it through three rectangular cross-sections, spiral chimneys pass into the upper star-shaped chimney formed by the latter, from which they go into the outer pipe. Snow is laid on top of the snow receiver, descending through the passages between the helical chimneys, part of the snow passes along the central pipe, which serves as an additional snow receiver.

The disadvantage of this snow melter design is the need to use organic fossil fuels for snow disposal, by burning in a furnace above the blower.

Known design of snow melter [Copyright certificate for the invention No. 59379, Snow melter / Bogdanov A.M.]. The invention relates to snow melters operating on the exhaust gases of a boiler room. In the proposed snow melter, in order to more fully utilize the heat of the boiler exhaust gas, a rotary mixer is installed, which serves for continuous mixing of snow with gases passing through the snow melter.

The disadvantage of this snow melter design is the presence of an electric motor, and, consequently, the additional cost of electricity, to drive a centrifugal fan and a rotary mixer. In addition, a large number of elements that functionally connect the various nodes of the snow melter (regulator for changing the speed of rotation of the screw, conical pulleys, articulated coupling) reduce the reliability of the structure and increase its cost.

Known design of snow melter [Patent for invention RU No. 2632331, IPC E01H 5/10, Snow melter / Isaichev V.T.]. In the proposed snow melter containing a bath with a grate in the upper part for receiving and melting snow mass and an opening for draining melt water, a burner, gas cylinders with a pressure regulator, gas line and igniter, gas burners with an electric igniter are installed under the bottom of the bathtub, and the bottom of the bathtub is made in the form of a profiled sheet with waves of rectangular corrugations, the protrusions and troughs of which are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the bath, and has a slope (bath bottom) to the right or left down in a vertical plane towards the side reaching up to the indicated protrusions, the bottom of the bath wall, and under this bottom of the bath, below the gas burners, there is a melt water chamber with a drain hole, which simplifies the design of the snow melter and reduces its cost and operating costs.

The disadvantage of this design is the need to use organic fossil fuels (natural gas) for the disposal of snow mass, by burning in specially installed gas burners.

The closest analogue is the design of the device for melting snow [Patent for utility model No. 93822, Device for melting snow / D.V. Ukhin, V.P. Podolsky, O.V. Wuhin]. This device is an engineering structure designed to receive snow and ice masses removed from the territories of settlements, highways and other objects, to melt it, to clean the obtained melt water from various kinds of contaminants contained in the snow, and then to discharge the treated water into the wastewater networks of this item or object. The proposed design of the snow melting site includes a snow melting site, a heat pump station, a soil heat exchanger, treatment facilities, and a piping system. In heat-pumping heat supply systems for snow-melting sites, any low-grade heat source can be used to obtain heat used for melting snow: outdoor air, soil, ground and surface water, heat from heating networks (both direct and reverse), sewage, etc. .

The disadvantage of the analogue is the need to use an additional source of electricity to drive the compressor, which is part of the heat pump installation. In addition, the flue gases of boilers cannot be used as a low-grade heat source for a heat pump installation.

The objective of the invention is to develop the design of the installation for the disposal of snow, based on the equipment of the boiler, without additional costs for fuel and electricity for melting the snow mass.

The essence of the claimed utility model is that in the design of the snow melting plant, which consists of a working chamber for receiving and melting snow, and is installed on the top plate of the channel for underground laying of the duct of exhaust gases from the boiler, snow mass is utilized by using excess heat, contained in the flue gas of the boiler. However, for the disposal of snow mass does not require additional costs for fuel and electricity.

The technical result consists in the utilization of snow mass through the use of excess heat contained in the flue gases of the boiler, which are directed inside the flue gas duct laid underground.

The technical result of the claimed invention is achieved due to the fact that in the design of the snow melting plant, which consists of a working chamber for receiving and melting snow installed on the upper plate of the channel for underground laying of the duct of exhaust gases from the boiler, snow mass is utilized due to the use of excess heat, contained in the flue gas of the boiler. The heat from the flue gases of the boiler is transferred to the wall of the duct, inside which these gases flow; from the wall of the flue gas duct, heat is transferred to the air inside the channel for underground laying of the flue gas duct; heat is transferred from the air to the upper plate of the channel for the underground laying of a duct of flue gases; heat is transferred from the upper plate of the channel to the working chamber for receiving and melting snow. One of the sides of the working chamber for receiving and melting snow is made in the form of a hole sheet for draining melt water into a drainage channel, installed lower in level. The input edges of the pipelines connecting the drainage channel with the sewage treatment plants are attached to the bottom of the drainage channel. Thus, melt water generated in the working chamber for receiving and melting snow is sent through the side hole sheet to the drainage channel, and from it, through pipelines, is sent to the sewage treatment plants.

The invention is illustrated using the drawing, which shows the installation for the disposal of snow on the basis of the boiler, which implements this model. The positions in the drawing indicate:

1 - a box of flue gases after the boiler;

2 - channel for the underground laying of the exhaust gas duct after the boiler;

3 - a working chamber for receiving and melting snow;

4 - side hole sheet;

5 - receiving grate;

6 - drainage channel for collecting melt water;

7 - pipelines;

8 - inclined visor.

Installation for implementing the invention includes a working chamber for receiving and melting snow 3, mounted on the upper plate of the channel for underground laying of the duct of the exhaust gases after the boiler 2, inside which there is a duct of exhaust gases after the boiler 1; a receiving grate 5 mounted above the working chamber for receiving and melting snow 3, through which a working chamber is loaded with snow mass for receiving and melting snow 3; a side hole sheet 4 mounted on one of the sides of the working chamber 3 for receiving and melting snow, through which melt water flows into the drainage channel for collecting melt water 6, located lower than the working chamber for receiving and melting snow 3; pipelines 7 connecting the drainage channel 6 with the sewage treatment plants; an inclined visor 8 mounted above the drainage channel 6, and protecting the drainage channel 6 from debris.

The claimed invention is a stationary installation for the disposal of snow on the basis of a boiler, which operates as follows. The working chamber for receiving and melting snow 3 is filled with snow mass through the receiving grate 5, on which objects larger than its cells remain. They are removed by the operator of the snow disposal facility. By convective heat transfer from flue gas directed. inside the flue gas duct of the boiler 1, laid underground, to the upper plate of the channel for underground laying of the flue gas duct after the boiler 2 and further to the working chamber for receiving and melting snow 3, the snow is melted. Water from the melted snow mass in the working chamber for receiving and melting snow 3 flows through the side hole sheet 4 into the drainage channel for collecting melt water 6, which is installed lower in level relative to the working chamber for receiving and melting snow 3. Melted water from the drainage channel 6 by pipelines 7, the input edges of which are attached to the bottom of the drainage channel 6, are directed to the treatment facilities of storm sewers. To protect the drainage channel 6 from debris, an inclined visor 8 is installed.

When implementing the claimed invention provides:

- simplification of the location of the snow melting plant, its compactness and relative cheapness;

- the exclusion of the additional costs of fossil fuels and energy costs for melting snow mass.

Claims (1)

The installation for the utilization of snow on the basis of the boiler installed on the upper plate of the channel for underground laying of the flue gas duct contains a working chamber for receiving and melting snow, one side of which is made in the form of a hole sheet for draining melt water into the drainage channel, grate, located above the working chamber for receiving and melting snow, a drainage channel installed lower in level relative to the working chamber for receiving and melting snow, pipelines connecting the drainage channel for collecting melt water from the eyes steel structures of storm sewers, an inclined visor protecting the drainage channel from debris.

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