RU2613364C1 - Method of drilling tool geological steering and its trajectory control, while wells drilling in the specified direction - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: method includes monitoring of the drilling tool position in the inter-well space - inter-well pumping (IWP), while wells boring by means of a coordinate measuring system during the MWD drilling, at the same time apply the sensing method by transient buildup of the electric field in the near field region - EZS-B to calculate the electrical resistivity of rock to determine the position and unrecovered oil border, occupying the uncertain position in IWP, while providing the control of the drilling tool position in IWP, while wells boring in the real time mode, drilling toward the indicated unrecovered oil, taking into account the position and unrecovered oil location borders in IWP, being calculated by EZS-B method, and during the provided control, make remarks in the coordinate measuring system MWD for drilling tools guidance, providing the direction change in the drilling tools guidance forward the indicated unrecovered oil location.

EFFECT: improved accuracy of the shaft foot guidance of the drilling horizontal well, pointing into the right direction, such as horizontal wells ducting to the unrecovered oil, the exact location of which is not defined in IWP.

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Description

The proposal relates to drilling equipment and is intended to control the position of the horizontal wellbore, namely, to geo-navigate the drilling tool and control its trajectory when drilling wells in the desired direction, in particular, pointing the bottom of the well to a whole oil whose exact position in the formation was not known and is random character.

In drilling technology, a means is known for monitoring the position of a horizontal wellbore between the roof and the bottom of a reservoir — collector (Pat. RF No. 2362012, “Device for monitoring the position of a horizontal wellbore”, prior. January 21, 2008, published on July 20, 2009). The known device contains: installed in the immediate vicinity of the bit gamma-ray log sensors (GK), oriented at an angle of 180 ° to each other, and a flux probe (ФЗ) located at an angle of 90 ° to the diametrical axis of the GK sensors, in which these GK sensors and FZs are located in a separate measuring over-bit module with a wireless electromagnetic communication channel and are equipped with an electronic circuit for matching FZ signals with pulses from the GK sensors, comprising: a control unit, a commutator for switching pulses of GK sensors, imp counters GK pulses, as well as the total GK pulse counter, while the output of the measuring ФЗ winding is connected to the input of the control unit that determines the polarity of the output signal of the ФЗ and connected to the switch, which switches the transmission channels of the pulses of the GK counters depending on the polarity of the output signal of the ФЗ to the corresponding pulse counters GK, designated as: GK - "top" or GK - "bottom", the outputs of which are connected to the total pulse counter GK - "sum" connected to the measuring circuit of the over-bit module.

The known invention improves the efficiency of controlling the posting process during horizontal well drilling using the MWD (measurement while drilling) system, in particular, in low-power formations.

The disadvantage of this device is the following.

The device is designed to guide a horizontal wellbore along a projected trajectory in a thin-layered oil-saturated formation with its known position in geological section or to control the position of a horizontal wellbore relative to the roof and the bottom of the reservoir — a collector, which is an easier task compared to the task of directing a horizontal well to a place the location in the reservoir of a local "pillar" of oil, the exact location of which in the reservoir is not known for its thickness and strike.

Known is an effective method for isolating local pillars of oil in the interwell space (MSP) using electric sensing from the day surface of the rock by the formation of the field - EZS-B, with the help of which the boundaries of the oil pillar are precisely determined (IA Yakhina. Sounding by the formation of an electric field in the near zone (EZS-B) when assessing the oil saturation of the Kuanbash area. // Modern problems of geophysics. Ninth Ural youth scientific school on geophysics: collection of materials. Yekaterinburg, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2008).

The known method involves the location on the surface of the earth of the generator circuit and inside it of the measuring circuits (loops) above the estimated area of the oil-saturated zone in the reservoir, the excitation of a pulsed probing current in the generator loop and registration of the electromotive force by measuring loops - EMF transients, which serves as the basis for calculating the apparent specific electrical resistance of the rock, which allows you to determine the exact coordinates and boundaries of the pillar of oil in the reservoir.

There is a known method of geoelectrical exploration, in which a stationary generator circuit and a system of measuring circuits are placed on the surface of the horizontal wells for the duration of production of highly viscous oil and bitumen, the EMF of transients is measured, which serves as the basis for calculating the apparent electrical resistivity of the formations. During EMF measurements, time delays are determined at which, against the background of signals recorded simultaneously by all measurement loops, a contrast increase in the induced EMF is observed, which corresponds to the signal from the metal casing of the well. Bind EMF on the selected time delays to the trajectory of its passage, using the signal from the metal column as a reference, in order to link the measurement results by area and depth (Pat. RF No. 2560997, prior. 09.01.2014, publ. 09.07.2015).

The known method provides periodic registration of the current state of electrical conductivity of the rock in depth in the monitoring mode and allows for express control of the dynamics of the extraction of high viscosity oils along the profile of horizontal wells in real time.

The technical problem solved in a known manner is the binding of the emf measured in the near-wellbore space to the trajectory of a horizontal well intersecting the productive reservoir of high-viscosity oil.

Another technical problem arises when drilling a horizontal well, in which it is necessary to take into account the geometric parameters of the structure of the intersected formations (inclination, thickness) with the aim of accurately pointing the horizontal wellbore in the desired direction, in particular, pointing the bottom of the well to the whole oil, the exact position of which is not known in the formation and is random. In this case, it is necessary to tie the horizontal well path to the current state of rock electrical conductivity (measured by EMF), which determines the nature of saturation (oil, water) in the near-wellbore space.

When determining the problem solved by the claimed invention, the prototype was chosen technical solution according to US Pat. RF №2362012 "Device for monitoring the position of the horizontal wellbore", containing the coordinate system MWD control wiring of the wellbore of a drilled well, operating on the basis of a cableless electromagnetic communication channel.

The objective of the proposed invention is to provide a method for improving the accuracy of pointing the bottom of the borehole of a drilled horizontal well in the desired direction, in particular, wiring a horizontal well to a whole oil, the exact location of which is not determined in the MRP.

This problem is solved by the fact that in the method of geo-navigation of the drilling tool and controlling its trajectory when drilling wells in the desired direction, which includes real-time monitoring of the position of the drilling tool in the MRP when drilling wells using the MWD coordinate system operating on the basis of a cableless electromagnetic communication channel at the same time apply the EZS-B method, which provides for a stationary location on the surface of the earth above the site of the alleged location of the oil pillar in the generator the structure and inside it of measuring loops over the entire area of the oil-saturated zone in the ICP, excitation of a pulsed probing current in the generator loop and recording of electromotive forces by the measuring loops - transient EMF, which serves as the basis for calculating the apparent resistivity of the rock to determine the coordinates and the boundaries of the pillar of oil, which occupies an indefinite position in the SME, while providing real-time control over the position of the drilling and when drilling a well, drilled towards the specified oil pillar, taking into account the coordinates and location boundaries of the specified oil pillar in the MRP, determined by the EZS-B method, and in the process of the control performed, make corrections to the MWD coordinate system to orient the drilling tool in the MRP, providing a change in direction in the orientation of the drilling tool in the direction of the location of the specified pillar of oil.

In FIG. 1 is a diagram of the guidance of the bottom of a well being drilled towards the location of an oil pillar in the SME.

In FIG. Figure 2 shows the projection of the oil pillar contour onto the earth’s surface, the placement of the generator and measuring loops of the EZS-B system and the projection of the horizontal wellbore of the well being drilled onto the earth’s surface.

In FIG. Figure 3 presents a block diagram of the processing of information signals received from the coordinate system MWD and the EZS-B system.

In FIG. 1 shows a producing formation 1 in which a horizontal well (HS) 2 is drilled using a drilling tool containing the MWD 3 coordinate system, an engine 4 with a chisel 5. The producing formation 1 is limited by a roof 6 and a sole 7.

In the thickness of formation 1 at a certain distance from the place of drilling 8 GS 2 there is a pillar of oil 10, which is located from the roof 6 at a distance h ^c cr, and from the sole 7 at a distance h ^c below. The trailing edge 11 remote from the pillar 10 collaring space 8 farm 2 on the rear distance ΔL ^n. The front boundary of oil pillar 12 is removed from the construction space collaring 8 2 by a distance ΔL ⁿ before.

The horizontal wellbore 9 of the well 2 has a deviation from the vertical by the zentine angle α and the bottom hole 13 moves away from the drilling site 8 of the HS 2 to a distance ΔL. The angle of deviation of the face 13 from the north-south direction (N-S) in the horizontal plane, which determines the azimuth β of the wellbore (Fig. 2).

The position of the bottom 13 in the well is located from the roof 6 at a distance of h ^h cr, and from the sole 7 at a distance of h ^h below.

The borehole part of the coordinate measurement system MWD 3 of the face 13 is functionally connected by a wireless electromagnetic communication channel with a ground antenna 14 and a block 15 for measuring and calculating angular α, β and linear ΔL, h ^z cr, h ^z under the coordinates. The ground antenna 14 has output contacts 16 and 17 (FIG. 2).

Above the projection of the rear sight 10 on the ground is the generator loop 18 of the EZS-B system with input contacts 19 and 20.

Inside the generator loop 18, measuring loops 21 are laid, the outputs of which are connected to the common contacts 23 and 24 of the block 25 for measuring and calculating the coordinates of the rear sight of oil 10 using separate breakers 22 (Fig. 3).

Surface flowchart 26 Information processing signals received from the MWD of the coordinate system and the system EZS-B (FIG. 3) includes a composition unit 15 to measure and calculate the coordinates α, β, ΔL, h ^of Cr, h ^h under. MWD 3 system, the inputs 16 and 17 of which are connected to the ground antenna 14, as well as the unit 25 for measuring and calculating coordinates: h ^c cr, h ^c under, ΔL ^c rear, ΔL ^c front. the pillar of oil 10 in reservoir 1, its inputs 19, 20, 23, 24 are connected to the EZS-B system.

Block 15 with its output 27 is connected to the input 28 of the block 29 comparing the current measured coordinates: α, β, ΔL, h ^z cr, h ^z under. MWD system 3 and the measured coordinates: h ^c cr, h ^c a, ΔL ⁿ rear, ΔL ⁿ before. oil pillar 10 in formation 1 of the EZS-B system. The output 27 is also connected to the input 30 of the block 31 of the formation of the output commands by the actuators of the drilling rig (not shown in Fig.).

Block 25 measuring and calculating the coordinates of the pillar of oil 10 with its output 32 is connected to the input 33 of block 29.

Yield 34 unit 29 is connected to input 30, unit 35 wiring horizontal well control output 36 which receives the output signals to the input 37 the block 31 generate output commands actuators rig for controlling downhole parameters α, β, ΔL, h ^of Cr, h ^s under.

The proposed method is as follows.

At the initial stage, the exact coordinates of the position of the oil pillar in the oil and gas industry are determined using the EZS-B method, for which, on the surface of the earth above the estimated location of the oil pillar in the oil and gas industry, the presence of which is established, for example, by the method of interwell transmission (A.F. Kosolapov, G.G. Safiullin, NM Akhmetshin. Technology for searching for oil pillars and remnants by the method of cross-hole seismic surveying // Collected works of the National Oil and Gas Company. Actual problems of oil and gas business. Ufa, UGNTU, 2006, p. 32-37), the generator circuit is stationary ( loop) 18 systems EZS-B with input contacts 19 and 20.

Inside the generator loop 18, the measuring loops 21 are laid according to the diagram of FIG. 2, the outputs of which are connected to the common contacts 23 and 24 of the block 25 for measuring and calculating the coordinates of the oil pillar 10 using separate breakers 22.

Excitation pulse current is excited in the generator loop 18 and registration is carried out by measuring loops 21 of electromotive force - EMF transients, which serves as the basis for calculating the apparent electrical resistivity of the layers in the block 25 for calculating and determining coordinates and boundaries (h ^c cr, h ^c under, ΔL ^c back, ΔL ^c front.) pillar of oil 10 in the reservoir 1 in the ICP. Further measured parameters (h ^p cr, h ⁿ under, ΔL ⁿ trailing, ΔL ⁿ before.) To the input of block 33, 29.

At the next stage, in the reservoir 1, limited by the roof 6 and the sole 7, a horizontal well 2 is drilled using a drilling tool containing the MWD 3 coordinate system, engine 4 with a bit 5.

The direction of drilling of bit 5 is deviated from the vertical by the value of the zenith angle α, and the bottom in azimuth is deviated from the direction N-S (north-south) by angle β (Fig. 1).

In the process of posting the horizontal wellbore 9 of the well 2, the MWD 3 coordinate system, in addition to the zenith angle α and azimuth β, controls the distance h ^h cr of the face 13 in the well from the roof 6 and from the sole 7 — the distance h ^h beneath and also the distance ΔL from the place of drilling 8 of the horizontal wellbore 9 of the well 2 to the bottom 13. In this case, all signals from the MWD 3 coordinate system are transmitted to the surface via a wireless electromagnetic communication channel and received by the ground antenna 14 with output contacts 16 and 17, electrically connected to the block 15 for measuring and calculating coordinate coordinates according to the program laid (Fig. 2).

Block 15 for measuring and calculating the coordinates of the face through the output 27 transmits data to the input 28 of the block 29 comparing the current coordinates (α, β, ΔL, h ^h cr, h ^h under.), Measured by the MWD 3 system, with the measured coordinates (h ^c cr , h ^c under, ΔL ^c back, ΔL ^c front.) pillar of oil 10 in the reservoir 1, coming from the loops 18 of the EZS-B system from block 25 to the input 33 of block 29.

At the same time, the calculation data of the angular (α, β) and linear (ΔL, h ^h cr, h ^h beneath) coordinates of the face 13 are transmitted from the output 27 of block 15 to the input 30 of block 31 of the formation of the output commands by the actuators of the drilling rig.

Yield 34 unit 29 is connected to input 30, unit 35 controls wiring horizontal borehole, from its output 36 the data are input to 37 block 31 generate output commands actuators rig for controlling the parameters α, β, ΔL, h ^of Cr, h ^h under.

Thus, at the final stage of monitoring and control of the trajectory when drilling complex wells, in particular, drilling a horizontal well to a whole oil, the exact location of which is not known in the SME, real-time comparisons of current data on the coordinates of the bottom of a horizontal well with coordinates the pillar of oil in the reservoir, while the magnitude of their divergence serves as a control signal for adjusting the coordinates of the bottom of the drilling well of a horizontal well in the direction not entirely minute, which is implemented by means of actuators rig.

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.When comparing the current data on the coordinates of the bottom hole of a horizontal well with the data on the coordinates of the oil pillar in the reservoir, the angular (α, β) and linear (ΔL, h ^z cr, h ^z under., H ^c cr, h ^c under.) Coordinates are compared, moreover, the accuracy of the guidance of the face 13 is provided subject to the conditions:

and

.

The implementation of the proposed method can be carried out using tools containing detectors of the intensity of natural gamma activity and coordinate navigation system - MWD, which provide a horizontal well (US Pat. RF No. 2362012), while applying the method of allocation of local pillars of oil in the interwell space (MSP) with using electric sounding from the surface of the rock formation of the field - EZS-B.

Constant monitoring of real-time data on the coordinates of the bottomhole of a horizontal well in comparison with data on the coordinates of the pillar of oil in the reservoir allows for more accurate aiming of the bottom of the drilled horizontal well in the direction of the location of the pillar or remnant of oil.

Claims (1)

A method of geosteering a boring tool and controlling its trajectory when drilling wells in the desired direction, including real-time monitoring of the position of the drilling tool in the interwell space - MRP when drilling wells using a coordinate measurement system while drilling - MWD, operating on the basis of a cableless electromagnetic channel communication, characterized in that at the same time apply the method of sensing the formation of an electric field in the near field - EZS-B, providing for stationary location on the surface of the earth above the place where the oil pillar is supposedly located in the ICP of the generator circuit and inside it of the measuring circuits over the entire area of the oil-saturated zone in the ICP, excitation of a pulsed probing current in the generator circuit and registration of the electromotive force by the measuring circuits - the EMF of transient processes, which serves as the basis for calculating apparent resistivity of the rock to determine the coordinates and boundaries of the pillar of oil, occupying an uncertain position in the SME, while providing real-time control over the position of the drilling tool in the SME while driving a well drilled towards the specified oil pillar, taking into account the coordinates and location boundaries of the specified oil pillar in the SME determined by the EZS-B method, and the process of control is introduced into the MWD coordinate system for the orientation of the drilling tool in the SME corrections, providing a change in direction in the orientation of the drilling tool in the direction of the location of the specified pillar of oil.

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