RU2642214C1 - Plant for loading charge materials into induction furnace for melting ferrous and nonferrous metals - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to an installation for loading a batch into an induction furnace. Installation contains a loading bin, a vibrating machine movable along the track with a batch loading device, a loading tray, a vibrating mechanism, in accordance with the invention, it is provided with a device for removing contaminants from the batch during its charging into an oven, consisting of a grid with apertures, a storage bin and a box with a handle for removing contaminants, guides and two locks securing the box to the guides, note here that support are secured at vibrating loader welded frame to fasten the loading chute with loading chute arranged there above, the loading chute has a rear and two side walls and is welded of sheet steel, the vibrating mechanism of the machine consists of four unbalanced centrifugal vibrators, which are fixed on four plates-brackets welded to the side walls of the loading chute, and there is the slip, welded to the edge of loading chute, in the middle part of the frame on a steel plate welded to it there is a drive for a mobile vibrating machine moving down the rails along a row of furnaces, in this case, the device for loading a batch into the movable vibrating machine consists of four hoppers supported by four columns, while a support platform with a ladder is welded to two columns, in addition, the hoppers are equipped with pneumovibrators and stirrup with a pneumatic drive, the weighing of the batch is carried out on electronic platform scales, the feed of the batch from the batch storage to the hoppers is carried out by grooved belt conveyors, and the movable vibrating machine unloading into the hopper is performed on a steel slime located under each hopper.

EFFECT: higher reliability, mechanized feed of charge materials into an induction furnace.

4 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of foundry, in particular to the metered loading of charge materials in induction melting furnaces for melting ferrous and non-ferrous metals.

A known analogue is the loading system of the furnace for processing aluminum (US patent No. 5032173, MKI 5F 27 V 1/20, C22B 7/00), containing, as in the claimed installation for loading the charge into an induction furnace (hereinafter, the installation for loading the charge), platform and boot node. In the claimed device, the platform in the form of a vibro-loading machine moves along the rails, and the vibro mechanism plays the role of an ejector, which leads to the sliding of the charge along the tray and filling the furnace with it.

The disadvantages are that:

- in the loading system of the furnace for processing aluminum there is no device for weighing the charge;

- in the loading system of the furnace for processing aluminum there is no slice at the end of the loading tray;

- the system is bulky, difficult to maintain and manage, therefore it has low reliability.

Due to the above disadvantages, it is impossible to obtain a technical result.

A known analogue is the installation for loading the charge (V.I. Vrublevsky and others. Dosing of foundry materials. Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1973, p. 37-38), containing, like the claimed device, a hopper and a device for loading the mixture into the furnace, made in the form of a conveyor belt, consisting of a rubberized tape, enveloping the drive and tension drums, as well as the drive.

The disadvantages are that:

- in the installation for loading the charge there is no device for weighing the charge;

- low operational reliability of the feeder;

- installation of the furnace loading does not allow at least partially remove dust, dirt from the mixture during its loading;

- in the charge loading installation, there is no loading tray and a slip at the end of the loading tray.

Due to the above disadvantages, the installation for loading the mixture cannot provide a solution to the technical problem.

The closest analogue (prototype) is the installation for loading the mixture into an induction furnace for melting ferrous and non-ferrous metals (SU 1013722, F27B 14/00, 04/23/1983), containing, as in the claimed installation for loading the mixture, a loading hopper moving along a rail track vibro-loading machine with a device for loading the charge, loading tray, vibration mechanism.

The disadvantages are that:

- in the installation for loading charge materials into an induction furnace for melting ferrous and non-ferrous metals there is no device for weighing the charge;

- in the installation for loading charge materials into an induction furnace for melting ferrous and non-ferrous metals there is no device for removing contaminants from the charge during its loading into the furnace.

- in the installation for loading charge materials into an induction furnace for melting ferrous and non-ferrous metals there is no device for loading the charge into a vibro-loading machine;

- in the installation for loading charge materials into an induction furnace for smelting ferrous and non-ferrous metals there is no slice at the end of the loading tray.

Due to the above disadvantages, it is impossible to obtain a technical result.

The objective of the invention is to create a reliable, with a high degree of mechanization of the design of the installation for loading charge materials into an induction furnace for smelting ferrous and non-ferrous metals, having a mobile vibro-loading machine with a loading hopper and a loading tray mounted on it, with a shear welded at its end, a vibro-loading moving drive machines on rails, a vibration mechanism that allows the charge to slide along the loading tray and fill the furnace due to vibration, as well as equipment roystvom remove dust from the charge during download. Also, in the design of the installation for loading the mixture into an induction furnace for melting ferrous and non-ferrous metals, a device for loading the mixture into a vibro-loading machine equipped with weights should be provided.

EFFECT: developed installation for loading charge materials into an induction furnace for smelting ferrous and non-ferrous metals is a reliable structure with a high degree of mechanization, having a mobile vibro-loading machine with a loading hopper mounted on it, located above the loading tray, with a glue welded at its end, drive for moving a vibro-loading machine along rails, a vibrating mechanism, a device for removing dust from a charge during loading, and a device for loading a charge into a vibrator loading machines equipped with weights.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the installation for loading charge materials into an induction furnace for smelting ferrous and non-ferrous metals, containing a loading hopper, a vibro-loading machine with a charge loading device, a loading tray, a vibration mechanism, is introduced according to the invention, according to the invention a device for removing contaminants from the charge during its loading into the furnace, consisting of a grid with holes, a storage hopper and a box with a handle for removing contaminants, guides and two clamps securing the box to the guides, while on the welded frame of the vibro-loading machine, supports are mounted for fastening the loading tray with the loading hopper located above it, and the loading tray has a back and two side walls and is welded from sheet steel.

A device for removing contaminants from the charge during its loading into the furnace is located in the middle part of the loading tray and does not allow the smelted metal to be contaminated with dust, scale, dirt, rust, while the loss of metal and the amount of slag formed during melting are reduced.

In addition, the loading hopper is welded from 5 mm thick sheet steel, an axis rotating in two bearings with a damper welded to it is installed on the front of the loading hopper to limit the amount of charge loaded into the loading hopper and the charge layer sliding along the loading tray.

Moreover, at the end of the loading chute, a slit is welded, which ensures uniform filling of the bottom or surface of the molten metal bath with the charge, as a result of which the charge is more quickly melted, the “freezes” and “bridges” of the charge are eliminated, and the melter mixes the liquid metal fewer times and eliminates the "freezing", "bridges" of the charge in the melting process.

It should be noted that the vibration mechanism of the machine consists of four unbalanced centrifugal vibrators, which are mounted on four bracket plates welded to the side walls of the loading tray, while each unbalanced centrifugal vibrator is an electric motor with unbalances installed on the ends of the rotor shaft, which rotate with the rotor shaft, create a centrifugal force, forcing to vibrate the loading tray and at the same time move the loaded charge along the loading tray into the furnace.

It is significant to note that a drive for moving a mobile vibro-loading machine along rails, consisting of a reversible electric motor, a coupling, a reducer, a V-belt drive, two shafts, at the ends of which four wheels are fixed, is introduced into the composition for loading the charge into the induction furnace, while the reversible electric motor and gearbox attached to a steel plate, which is welded on top of the frame, the power is supplied to the drive of the mobile vibro-loading machine using a flexible cable, which when moving Mobile machine vibrozagruzochnoy left unwound from the drum, which is fixed on the rear leg, and when moving to the right is wound on it, wherein the flexible cable during movement of the machine movable vibrozagruzochnoy stacked via an intermediate drum in the trench.

At the same time, a device for loading the charge into a vibro-loading machine, which consists of four bins based on four supports, is introduced into the composition for loading charge materials into an induction furnace for melting ferrous and non-ferrous metals, while a service platform with a ladder is welded to two supports in addition, the bunkers are equipped with pneumatic vibrators and jaw shutters with pneumatic actuator, the charge is weighed on electronic platform scales, the charge is fed to the bunkers from the charge warehouse by a belt and grooved conveyors, and the unloading of the mobile vibro-loading machine into the hopper is carried out along the steel slope located under each hopper.

Electronic platform scales are made with the possibility of weighing charge materials weighing up to 5 tons and allow you to quickly control on a digital display the weight of the components of the charge being loaded (for example, steel scrap, cast iron scrap, etc.), and installed pneumatic vibrators prevent the charge from freezing. The proposed design of the installation for loading the charge is reliable and highly mechanized.

The drawings show the installation for loading the charge into the induction furnace, as well as its individual devices.

In FIG. 1 is a plan view of an apparatus for loading a charge into an induction furnace.

In FIG. 2 - section aa installation for loading the mixture.

In FIG. 3 is a plan view of a vibratory loading machine.

In FIG. 4 - view B of the vibro-loading machine.

In FIG. 5 is a view B of a vibratory loading machine.

Modern industrial enterprises acquire induction melting complexes consisting of two induction furnaces for melting ferrous and non-ferrous metals and their alloys. The proposed design of the installation for loading the charge into an induction furnace for smelting ferrous and non-ferrous metals (hereinafter, the installation for loading the charge) consists of two mobile vibro-loading machines and a device for loading the charge into the vibro-loading machine. The mobile vibro-loading machine 1 has a welded frame 2, made in the form of a mobile platform, which has two axles 3, at the ends of which there are four wheels 4, moving along the rail 5. Six supports 6 are fixed on the welded frame 2, with welded flanges 7 on top with holes, which are fastened with 24 bolts 8, 24 nuts 9 and 24 spring washers 10. The loading hopper 11 is located above the loading tray 12 (Fig. 1, 4). The feed hopper 11 is welded from 5 mm thick sheet steel and has six welded brackets 13 with flanges 14 on the side walls, each of which has four holes for mounting the feed hopper 11 on the supports 6. An axis 15 is mounted on the front of the feed hopper 11, rotating in two bearings 16, moreover, a damper 17 is welded to the axis, which limits the volume of charge loaded into the loading hopper 11, as well as a layer of the charge sliding along the loading tray 12 (Figs. 3, 4). Sizes of the loading hopper 11: length - 4700 mm; width - 1700 mm; height - 950 mm.

Six steel supports 6 are box-shaped and have external dimensions in section 100 × 120 mm.

It should be noted that the loading tray 12, which was included in the composition for loading the charge, has a rear and two side walls, is welded from sheet steel 5 mm thick, mounted on four supports 18 with 10 springs 19 on the welded frame 2 of the mobile vibro-loading machine 1 ( Fig. 3, 4, 5). On both sides of the loading tray, a vibration mechanism is fixed on its side walls, consisting of four unbalanced centrifugal vibrators 20, which are fastened with 16 bolts pos. 21, 16 nuts and 16 spring washers (not shown) on four plate-brackets 22 welded to the walls of the loading tray 12. The unbalanced centrifugal vibrator 20 is an electric motor with unbalances mounted on the ends of the rotor shaft, which rotate with the shaft of the rotor, create a centrifugal force, forcing the boot tray 12 to vibrate and at the same time move the loaded charge along the feed tray 12 into the induction furnace 23 (Fig. 1, 4). As an unbalanced centrifugal vibrator, an IV-22-100 type vibrator is used, having the following characteristics:

- oscillation frequency, Hz (count./min) - 6000,

- power, kW - 2.05,

- rated voltage, V - 380,

- maximum driving force, kN - 22.

Four rubber stops-shock absorbers 24 are fixed on the four supports 18 of the loading tray 12, as well as two rubber stops-shock absorbers 24 are fixed in the rear of the loading hopper 11 (Fig. 3, 4).

In addition, a device for partially removing dust from the charge during loading of the charge, mounted on the loading tray 12 and consisting of a grill 25 with holes, a hopper 26, a box 27 with a handle 28, two guides 29 and two clips 30 securing the duct 27 to the guides 29 (Fig. 3, 4, 5). A device for partial removal of dust from the charge during the loading process is placed closer to the end of the loading tray 12 and does not allow the smelted metal to be contaminated with dust, scale, dirt, rust, as the mixture slides along the loading tray 12, and dust, scale, rust, dirt falls through the holes of the lattice 25 and accumulate in the hopper 26 and the duct 27. In this case, the waste of metal and the amount of slag formed during melting are reduced.

It is significant that the installation for loading the charge into the induction furnace introduces a drive for moving a mobile vibro-loading machine along rails 5, consisting of a reversible electric motor 31, clutch 32, gearbox 33, V-belt drive 34, two shafts 3, at the ends of which four wheels 4 are fixed (Fig. 4, 5). The reversing electric motor 31 and gearbox 33 are attached to a steel plate 35, which is welded on top of the frame 2. Wheels 4 with a diameter of 350 mm are supported by rails 5. There are two rolling bearings in the brackets 36, so the vibration loading machine 1 rolls along the rails 5 easily. Brackets 36 are fastened with bolts with spring washers (not shown) to steel plates 37, which are welded to the frame 2. The mobile vibro-loading machine uses a 1.6 kW MT-4 reversible motor 31, as well as a two-stage cylindrical gearbox 33 with a gear ratio 40. The electric power supply to the drive of the vibro-loading machine is carried out using a flexible cable 38, which, when the mobile vibro-loading machine 1 moves to the left, is wound from the drum 39, which is mounted on the rear support 6 and when Ravo wound on him. The flexible cable 38 during the movement of the mobile vibro-loading machine is laid through the intermediate drum 40 into the trench 41. The drive for moving the mobile vibro-loading machine makes the installation for loading the charge into the furnace universal. One mobile vibro-loading machine 1, moving along a series of induction furnaces, can load them with a charge. Limit switches 42 are installed on the sides of the frame 2 of the mobile vibro-loading machine (Fig. 4).

Moreover, at the end of the loading tray 12, a slit 43 is welded, which ensures uniform filling of the bottom or surface of the bath of molten metal with a charge, as a result of which the charge is more quickly melted, freezes and bridges of the charge are eliminated, and the melter mixes fewer times liquid metal and eliminates the "freezes", "bridges" of the charge in the melting process.

At the same time, a device for loading the charge into the mobile vibro-loading machine 1 is introduced into the composition for loading the charge, consisting of four bins 44, which are supported by four supports 45 and having a lower part on the slides 46. A metal structure 47 is welded to the two supports 45 in the upper part part of which the service site 48 is located. On the service site 48, the breeder climbs the stairs 49 (Fig. 1, 2). Pneumatic vibrators 50 are installed on the bunkers 44, which prevent the charge from hanging during loading of the charge into the mobile vibro-loading machine 1. The bunkers 44 are equipped with jaw shutters 51 with pneumatic actuator 52. The mixture, when loading the mobile vibro-loading machine 1, falls from the bins 44 onto the slides 46, then into the bunker 11 mobile vibro-loading machine 1. It should be noted that each skliz 46 has a back, two side walls and is welded on top of the metalwork 47 and rests on it. Belt conveyors 53 of a grooved shape are introduced into the composition for loading the charge, through which charge is fed from the charge warehouse. Belt conveyors 53 grooved form shown conventionally. The feed mixture before feeding into the hopper 44 is weighed on a platform electronic scale having the following characteristic:

the largest limit of measurement, kg 5000 smallest measurement limit, kg twenty accuracy, kg 0.5 stabilization time, s 5 platform dimensions, mm 1000 × 1500

Platform electronic scales not shown.

Electronic scales have a remote control, they have a device that signals overload.

The experimental setup for loading the charge was tested in operation at the existing induction smelting complex at Penzkompressormash LLC in Penza and showed high reliability and minimal loss of dosed materials. Overall dimensions of the vibro-loading machine: length - 6800 mm; width - 2300 mm; height 2700 mm.

The operation of the installation for loading the mixture is as follows. In accordance with the calculation of the charge, the batch feeder weighs the charge components on the batch yard on electronic platform scales, feeds them along the grooved belt conveyors 53 to the bins 44 to prevent the batch from hanging in the bins 44, the second breeder climbs the stairs 49 to the service platform 48, includes pneumatic vibrators 50. Next, the hoppers 44 are filled with the batch. In succession, under sklizem 46 of each bunker 44, for example, the mobile vibro-loading machine 1 is fed to the left by the melter, and the binder opens the jaw shutter 5 with the corresponding hopper 44, while the charge is fed to the slope 46 and poured into the loading hopper 11 of the mobile vibro-loading machine 1. Filling the loading hopper 11 of the mobile vibro-loading machine 1, the melter includes a drive for moving the mobile vibro-loading machine 1 along the rails 5, transporting it to the right to the stop, in this case, the limit switch 42 is activated and the mobile vibro-loading machine 1 stands opposite the induction furnace 23. The melter lifts the lid of the induction furnace 23, turns on the ventilation, turns on the vibration The mechanism of the mobile vibro-loading machine 1, while the mixture due to vibration slides along the loading tray 12 and fills the crucible of the induction furnace 23. The induction furnace 23 is turned on, the metal melts. In the melting process, the ligatures are taken from steel tanks 54 and loaded manually into the induction furnace 23. With a large capacity of the induction furnace 23, several portions of the charge are loaded as they melt. After melting the metal, a ladle is installed in the pit 55, the tilt mechanism of the furnace is turned on from the panel 56, the induction furnace is tilted and the metal from the crucible is poured into the ladle, and then returned to the vertical position. The process is then repeated. Room 57 of the smelter master is located on the service site of the furnaces. The service site of the induction melting complex of furnaces has a guard 58 and two stairs 59.

The proposed design of the installation for loading the charge is reliable, has a high degree of mechanization, allows you to partially remove dust from the mixture during its loading, while reducing the amount of slag formed during melting and increasing the yield of casting.

Claims (4)

1. Installation for loading charge materials into an induction furnace for smelting ferrous and non-ferrous metals, comprising a loading hopper, a movable vibro-loading machine moving along a rail track with a charge loading device, a loading tray and a vibrating mechanism, characterized in that it is equipped with a device for removing contaminants from the charge in the process of loading it into the furnace, consisting of a lattice with holes, a storage hopper, a box with a handle for removing contaminants, guides and two clips securing to rob to the guides, while on the welded frame of the mobile vibro-loading machine, supports are mounted for fastening the loading tray with the loading hopper located above it, the loading tray has a back and two side walls and is welded from sheet steel, the vibration mechanism consists of four unbalanced centrifugal vibrators that are fixed on four plate-brackets welded to the side walls of the loading tray, a skid is welded at the end of the loading tray, and in the middle of the frame is a steel plate welded to it a drive for moving a mobile vibro-loading machine along rails along a series of furnaces is placed, while the charge loading device comprises four bins supported by four supports, a service platform with a ladder, equipped with pneumatic vibrators and jaw shutters with a pneumatic actuator, and electronic platform scales are welded to two supports. for weighing the charge, and the charge is fed into the bunkers from the stock warehouse by means of belt conveyors of the grooved shape, and for unloading the mobile vibrator into the bunker the loading machine is provided with steel slides located under each hopper. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the feed hopper is welded from sheet steel 5 mm thick, on the front of the feed hopper there is an axis rotating in two bearings with a damper welded to it to limit the amount of charge and charge layer loaded into the feed hopper, sliding on the loading tray. 3. The installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the unbalanced centrifugal vibrator is an electric motor with unbalances installed on the ends of the rotor shaft, which, rotating with the rotor shaft, create a centrifugal force that forces the loading tray to vibrate to move the loaded charge along the tray into the furnace. 4. The installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive for moving the mobile vibro-loading machine along the rail track consists of a reversible electric motor, a coupling, a gearbox, a V-belt drive, two shafts at the ends of which four wheels are fixed, a flexible cable for supplying electricity to the said drive wound when the mobile vibro-loading machine moves to the left from the drum mounted on the rear support, and winding onto the said drum when the mobile vibro-loading machine moves to the right, with the possibility laying a flexible cable through an intermediate drum in a trench while moving a mobile vibro-loading machine.

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