RU2548950C1 - Planting unit of precision planting with electronic control - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: planting unit can be used in sowing cultivated and other crops. The planting unit comprises a housing, in which lower part a horizontal sowing disc is mounted. In the sowing disc the conical through holes are made, arranged radially in three rows, directed with the smaller base down. Over the sowing disc an L-shaped partition is mounted, separating the inter-housing space into two zones: a zone of loading and a zone of actuating bodies. In the zone of loading in the upper lid of the housing a loading window charging hole is made. In the zone of actuating bodies a window for seed outlet is made and in it parallel to the L-shaped partition above the horizontal sowing disc a unit of sensors for control of seeds presence is mounted. Under the unit of sensors a unit of pneumatic valves is mounted, which are controlled by an electronic control device. The outlet nozzles of the pneumatic valves are mounted coaxially to the conical openings of the sowing disc.

EFFECT: invention enables to increase the efficiency of precision planting seeds with simultaneous application of mineral fertilizers and to extend the functional capabilities.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to apparatus for sowing seeds. The electronically controlled precision metering unit can be used for sowing row crops as well as other crops.

Known sowing apparatus, consisting of a conventional type seed jar connected to two vas deferens. In the lower part of the can, a disk is mounted with spring-loaded fingers - ejectors interacting during rotation of the disk with rollers rotating on axes fixed to the seed bank. A sowing disk is installed above the disk, having seed openings arranged in three rows on its surface. Each row has holes of various diameters (from 16 to 6). An overhead disc-ring is placed at the top of the disk, overlapping the holes that are unnecessary for a given seeding mode

The disadvantages of this invention are the low quality of sowing and specialization for a single crop [1].

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of precise sowing of seeds of agricultural crops, the universalization and expansion of the functions of the sowing process while applying fertilizers.

The objective of the invention is solved by the following set of essential features of the claimed invention.

The proposed metering device, as well as known, includes a housing, in the lower part of which is installed a horizontal metering disk having through holes located radially in three rows. In contrast to the known metering device, the through holes in the horizontal metering disk are made conical, with a smaller base facing downward, while a L-shaped partition is installed above the horizontal metering disk, dividing the internal space into two zones: the loading zone and the zone of the executive organs, and the base the right side of the L-shaped partition is equipped with a rubber brush. A loading window is made in the loading zone in the upper case cover, and a seed exit window is made in the area of the executive bodies.

In the area of the executive bodies parallel to the L-shaped partition above the horizontal sowing disk, a block of sensors for monitoring the presence of seeds is installed, and under the sowing disk there is a block of pneumatic valves, which are controlled from an electronic control device. In this case, the output nozzles of the pneumatic valves are installed coaxially with the conical holes of the metering disk.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where Fig. 1 is a main view of a sowing apparatus combined with a cut; figure 2 is a top view with a partial section; figure 3 is a section aa in figure 2; figure 4 - 3D-model of the sowing apparatus without housing.

The electronically controlled precision metering unit consists of a housing 1, the top cover of which has a loading window 2 and a seed exit window 3. At the base of the housing is a horizontal metering disk 4 with conical holes 10 facing a smaller base downwards, over which there is a L-shaped partition 6. In turn, the L-shaped partition 6 divides the internal space into two zones: the loading zone - A and the zone of the executive organs - B. In the zone of the executive organs parallel to the right side of the L-shaped th partition 6 above the horizontal disk sowing unit 4 located sensors monitoring the presence of seed 5, the device verifies the presence of the seeds in the cells. The base of the right side of the L-shaped partition 6 is equipped with a rubber brush 7, which prevents the penetration of excess seeds from the loading zone into the area of the executive organs, and also reduces the possibility of deformation of the seeds during rotation of the sowing disk 4 with conical holes 10.

Under the seed disk 4, a block of pneumatic valves 8 is installed, the control of which is carried out from the electronic control device 9. In this case, the output nozzles of the pneumatic valves of block 8 are installed coaxially with the conical holes 10 of the seed disk 4.

The electronically controlled precision metering apparatus operates as follows.

The drive of the sowing apparatus is carried out by means of an electric motor. Seeds come from the hopper through the loading window 2 into the loading zone A of the metering unit. Seeds fill the conical holes 10, and the sowing disk 4 moves them through the L-shaped septum 6 and the rubber brush 7 to the area of the actuators B. There, the block of sensors for monitoring the presence of seeds 5 monitors the presence of seeds in the conical holes 10. An electronic control device 9 with the program control, depending on the electronic signals transmitted from the sensors for monitoring the presence of seeds 5 and the speed sensor, which is mounted on the tractor (not shown in the drawings), generates electronic signals that control bot of the block of pneumatic valves 8. Under the action of the air flow created by the pneumatic valves of block 8, the seeds from the conical holes 10 of the horizontal sowing disk 4 are moved to the window of the seed exit 3, into the seed tube, and then into the coulter.

This sowing apparatus will increase the yield of agricultural crops, make the sowing process more flexible and versatile, will control the accuracy of sowing, increase productivity and reduce the metal consumption of seeders equipped with precision sowing machines.

Information sources

1. A.S. USSR No. 134506. The sowing apparatus of the disk type for sowing corn, Zolotukhin V.I., application No. 667396/30, publ. bull. No.24 for 1960

Claims (2)

1. The electronically controlled precision metering apparatus, comprising a housing, in the lower part of which a horizontal metering disc is installed, having through holes located radially in three rows, characterized in that the through holes in the horizontal metering disc are made conical, with a smaller base facing downward, at the same time, a L-shaped partition is installed above the horizontal sowing disk, dividing the internal space into two zones: the loading zone and the zone of the executive bodies, a loading window is made in the loading zone in the upper case lid, and in the area of the executive organs there is a seed exit window and in it parallel to the L-shaped partition above the horizontal sowing disk there is a block of sensors for monitoring the presence of seeds, and underneath it is a block of pneumatic valves controlled from electronic control device, while the output nozzles of the pneumatic valves are installed coaxially with the conical holes of the metering disk. 2. The metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that the base of the right side of the L-shaped partition is equipped with a rubber brush.

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