RU2443954C1 - Method to distribute drying agent and device for its realisation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: method to distribute a drying agent, according to which it is supplied to an input of a screening cavity, sent at the angle to the screen and distributed in the layer. The novelty in the method is the fact that the angle of flow direction is varied depending on physical and mechanical properties of the material and drying mode, and in the screening cavity the flow is widened. The device for its realisation comprises a diffuser, a screen, vertical partitions on it, an inclined plane under the screen. The novelty in the device is the fact that the plate is installed in the diffuser with the possibility of displacement relative to the screen, and its free end is bent down.

EFFECT: invention provides for controlled distribution of the drying agent along the screen length with ability to dry materials with different physical and mechanical properties in the device.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to methods and devices for distributing a drying agent in a layer of plant materials and can be used in agriculture, mainly in breeding plants.

A known method of distributing a drying agent, according to which it is fed to the inlet of the sublattice cavity of floor dryers, is distributed over the area of the grate and in the layer of material on the grate. This method is widespread in agriculture, for example, with active ventilation or low-temperature drying of seeds and grain.

It is also known a device operating according to this method, containing a fan, a diffuser, a grill and enclosing means [1]. This device is widely used in agriculture with the active ventilation of seeds and grain.

The main disadvantage of these method and device is that a uniform distribution of the drying agent in the layer of plant materials is possible only with a large volume of the sublattice.

With a small volume of the cavity, the distribution of the drying agent is uneven and, as a result, the drying quality is low.

A known method of distributing a drying agent, which consists in the fact that it is fed to the entrance of the sublattice cavity, sent at an angle to the grate and distributed in the layer.

A device for distributing a drying agent containing a diffuser, a grate, vertical partitions on the grate and inclined plates in the diffuser directing the flow to the grate [2] is known.

The disadvantages of this method and device are the unregulated distribution of the drying agent along the length of the lattice and, as a result, the difficulty of drying the material in each individual section formed by vertical partitions, while drying materials with different physical and mechanical properties, which is typical for selection seed dryers.

An object of the invention is to develop a method and device that provides an adjustable distribution of the drying agent along the length of the lattice with the ability to dry materials with different physical and mechanical properties in the device.

The stated technical problem is achieved by the fact that in the method of distributing the drying agent, which consists in feeding it to the entrance of the sublattice cavity, directing it at an angle to the grate and distributing it in the layer, according to the invention, the angle of the flow direction is changed depending on the physicomechanical properties and height layer of ventilated material and drying mode, and in the sublattice it is expanded.

The task is also achieved by the fact that in the device for distributing a drying agent containing a diffuser, a grate, vertical partitions along it, an inclined plate in the diffuser, according to the invention, the plate is mounted in the diffuser with the possibility of displacement relative to the grate, and its free end is bent down.

Comparison of the claimed method with the prototype shows that the new method is that the angle of the flow direction of the drying agent is changed depending on the physicomechanical properties, the height of the ventilated material layer and the drying mode, and it is expanded in the sublattice cavity.

Comparison of the claimed device with the prototype shows that the new device is that the plate is installed in the diffuser with the possibility of displacement relative to the lattice, and its free end is bent down.

The invention meets the criterion of "inventive step", as a result can be achieved that satisfies an existing need, namely: improving the design of a selection dryer.

The invention is "industrially applicable", as it can be used in agriculture.

The method can be implemented only in the claimed device.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows the device diagrams and the distribution boundaries of the drying agent in the sublattice cavity - (dash-dotted lines): on the left with the plate, on the right - without the plate, separately - a diagram of the flow around the plate with its subsequent expansion above the plate; figure 2 is a profile of velocity fields along the length of the air channel (on the axis of the device) for various positions of the plate when ventilating wheat seeds with outside air.

The device includes the frame of a mobile selection dryer 1, air heater 2, fan 3, valve 4, diffuser 5, windows 6 for unloading the drying chamber 7, its side walls 8, vertical partitions 9, plate 10, grate 11, anemometer with socket 12 for flow rate measurements, bag for seeds 13. The sublattice cavity is enclosed between the grating 11 and the diffuser 5.

The device operates as follows.

Material is loaded into the chambers 7, the fan 3 and the air heater 2 are turned on, the set consumption of the drying agent and its temperature are set based on the moisture content of the material.

In the absence of (retracted) plate 10, most of the flow of the drying agent is directed to the grating of the proximal section of the chamber 7 and is distributed mainly in the material layer of this section. When the plate 10 is extended, the flow is shifted towards the far section, while it expands along the length of the grating 11, including under the plate 10, which determines the uniform distribution of the velocity field along the length of the dryer chamber 7.

In the case of ventilation in adjacent sections, devices of lots of different cultures in the near one lay smaller seeds with greater resistance and movement of platinum 10, level the velocity field in adjacent sections, which leads to simultaneous drying of seeds. It is possible to dry the material of different crops at different heights. In this case, it should be assumed that material with a high layer resistance of the drying agent should be located in the section closest to its entrance in the sublattice cavity.

The dried material is cooled by turning off the air heater and unloading.

Unloading is carried out by turning the chambers 7 relative to the horizontal axis using a hydraulic jack (not shown in the diagram), so that the seeds from the windows 6 enter the bags 13 secured by the bag holders. Residual seeds from the trellis 11 are manually protected.

The method is as follows.

The drying agent is fed to the entrance of the sublattice cavity 5; depending on the culture and moisture of the seeds filling the adjacent sections of each chamber 7, the position of the plate 10 is changed, more or less deflecting the flow of the drying agent. The longer the plate 10 is advanced in the sublattice cavity, the greater the flow boundary is shifted.

A tear-off cavity arises at the free bent end of the plate 10, which facilitates a smooth flow around the plate 10 and the expansion of the area of the grating 11 vented by the drying agent, and, accordingly, the alignment of the velocity field in this section.

Example. The serial breeding dryer SL-0.3 × 2, with a capacity of 0.6 tons of seeds, was modernized. The aim of the modernization was to improve the distribution of the drying agent over the area of the sieves, for which a plate 10 was installed that deflected the flow of the drying agent. When testing the dryer obtained curves of the velocity field over a layer of wheat with a height of h = 0.15 m (figure 2). When in / L = 0; 0.1; 0.2; 0.3 (where c is the length of the extended part of the plate, L is the length of the air cavity of the section), the distribution curves of the velocity field a, b, c, d are obtained, respectively. From the drawing it is seen that with the help of the plate, the velocity field is adjusted.

Tests of the dryer were carried out both in cold and in heated air, with a change in air temperature, additional adjustment of the plate is necessary compared to working in cold air.

After the dryer was modernized, the seeds in the far sections from the input of the drying agent dried twice as fast, which led to an increase in the productivity of the device, elimination of drying and uneven drying of seeds. It also became easier to dry the seeds of different crops in the dryer.

Claims (2)

1. The distribution method of the drying agent, which consists in the fact that it is fed to the entrance of the sublattice cavity, is directed at an angle to the grate and distributed in a layer, characterized in that the angle of the flow direction is changed depending on the physicomechanical properties, the height of the layer of ventilated material and drying mode, and in the sublattice cavity, the flow is expanded. 2. A device for distributing a drying agent containing a diffuser, a grate, vertical partitions on it, an inclined plate in the diffuser, characterized in that the plate is mounted in the diffuser with the possibility of displacement relative to the grate, and its free end is bent down.

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