RU2346746C1 - Device for grinding and granulation of block-frozen primary products - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanics.

SUBSTANCE: proposed device comprises a drive arranged along the mounting structure axis coupled with a vertical shaft carrying a disk fitted perpendicular to the shaft axis. The disk features at least two elongated uniformly mounted radial inclined stops for toothed plainer knives with equal pitch of plainer teeth and slots. Adjustable guides for primary product blocks allow the blocks to move down by gravity onto the disk working surface into the cutting position. There is a bin arranged under the disk to collect ground primary product. The said plainer knife inclined stops are arranged on the disk working surface. The adjacent knives teeth are radially shifted by a pitch. The extending edges of the slots feature sharp blades. The aforesaid guides represent boxes located at an adjustable angle to the disk working surface. Note that the device is additionally provided with a granulator made up of a pair of engaged granulating gears fitted under the said bin. The gears are driven so that their center-to-center distance can be varied. Another pair of gears in mesh with the aforesaid granulating gears feature sharpened tooth points to clear space between granulating gear teeth.

EFFECT: working disk simpler design, lower load on knives, higher efficiency, constant grain size of granulate.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the processing of frozen in blocks of raw materials into particles - granules of a smaller size (granulate), in particular, it provides grinding and granulation of dry ice blocks of an industrial standard.

A device is known in the field of production of fish bait or feed, which allows to process frozen raw materials in blocks into smaller particles, containing a drive mechanism located along the axis of the supporting structure, a vertical shaft connected to it with a disk fixed perpendicular to the shaft axis, while the disk has four oblong evenly spaced radial holes with inclined stops on the inner wall for planing knives, vertical adjustable guides for blocks of raw materials, made so that the blocks are gradually shifted down to the "cutting position" under the influence of their weight as they are planed, collecting a funnel located under the disk to collect crushed raw materials, and planing knives are serrated knives with different arrangement of recesses, so that the pairs of planing teeth are identical and are located on drive transversely to each other (application AU No. 2004321152, class A01K 97/04; A22C 25/20; B02C 18/06; B02C 18/08; B02C 18/10; B02C 18/18; B26D 1/29; A01K 97 / 04; A22C 25/00; B02C 18/06; B26D 1/01, publication date 2003.12.12).

The disadvantages of the known device is the difficulty of making through curly holes in the working disk, as well as the fact that the load on the knives is constant and is fully formed by the vertical component of the mass of blocks of raw materials. These disadvantages reduce the performance of the device and the constancy of the fraction of the obtained granulate.

The objective of the invention is to simplify the design of the working disk, reducing the load on the knives by regulating the forces acting on the knives, increasing productivity and ensuring the constancy of the fraction of the obtained granulate.

The problem is solved in that the device for grinding frozen in blocks of raw materials containing a drive mechanism located along the axis of the supporting structure, a vertical shaft connected to it with a disk mounted perpendicular to the axis of the shaft, while at least two elongated evenly made in the disk located radial inclined emphasis for planing knives, moreover, the planing knives are serrated with equal pitch of planing teeth and troughs, adjustable guides for blocks of raw materials installed with According to the invention, the blocks moving under the action of their weight down on the working surface of the disk to the cutting position, the hopper located under the disk for collecting crushed raw materials is characterized in that the inclined stops of the planing knives are made on the working surface of the disk, the teeth of adjacent knives are shifted by one step in the radial direction, sharp edges are made on the protruding edges of the depressions, and the guides are made in the form of boxes installed at an angle to the working surface of the disk with the ability to adjust the angle, the transverse dimensions of the boxes exceed the corresponding transverse dimensions of the blocks by the amount of clearance, while the device is additionally equipped with means for forming granules, made in the form of a pair of meshed forming gears mounted under the hopper with the possibility of rotation from the drive and the ability to change the center distance, and a pair of gears, engaged with molding gears having pointed tooth tips for cleaning the interdental spaces of the molding gears.

The execution of the inclined stops of planing knives on the working surface of the disk greatly simplifies the manufacture of the working disk, since elongated, evenly spaced radial holes with inclined stops on the inner wall are excluded.

The shift of the teeth of adjacent knives by one step in the radial direction, the implementation of sharp edges on the protruding edges of the depressions contributes to a greater capture of raw materials by knives in one revolution of the disk.

The implementation of the guides in the form of boxes installed at an angle to the working surface of the disk with the ability to adjust the angle, provides optimal load on the knives, the constancy of the fraction of the obtained granulate, makes it possible to change the performance of the device.

The gaps between the blocks and boxes, selected empirically, and the ability to adjust the inclination of the boxes allow you to change the force acting on the knives, and accordingly the performance of the device and the constancy of the granulate fraction.

The introduction of an additional means of forming granules, made in the form of two pairs of gears in meshing, allows to ensure the constancy of the fraction of the obtained granulate.

The invention is illustrated by drawings: in figure 1 - General view of the device; figure 2 is a view of the working disk.

A device for grinding frozen in blocks of raw materials contains a drive mechanism 1 located along the axis of the supporting structure 2, a vertical shaft 3 connected to it with a disk 4 mounted perpendicular to the axis of the shaft 3. At least two elongated, evenly spaced, are made on the working surface of the disk 4 radial inclined emphasis 5 for planing knives 6. Planing knives 6 are made gear with equal pitch planing teeth 7 and depressions 8.

On the supporting structure 2, boxes 9 are installed, installed at an angle to the working surface of the disk 4 with the possibility of adjusting the installation angle and the ability to move the blocks 10 under the action of their weight down on the working surface of the disk 4 to the cutting position, the hopper 11 located under the disk 4, to collect crushed raw materials (flakes). The teeth 7 of adjacent knives 6 are shifted one step in the radial direction, sharp edges are made on the protruding edges of the depressions 8. The transverse dimensions of the boxes 9 exceed the corresponding transverse dimensions of the blocks by the size of the gap, which is selected empirically depending on the strength and tribological characteristics of the crushed raw materials. The device is additionally equipped with granule forming means made in the form of a pair of engaged forming gears 12 mounted under the hopper 11, rotatably from the drive and with the possibility of changing the center distance, while a pair of gears 13 introduced into engagement with them located under the forming gears 12, having pointed tips of the teeth for cleaning the interdental spaces of the molding gears 12.

The device operates as follows.

First, the angle of the boxes 9 is set. Then the blocks 10 of raw materials are placed in the boxes and the drive 2 is turned on. The rotating disk 4 cuts off the layer of raw materials from the ends of the blocks 10 by means of planing teeth 7 of the knives 6, at the same time grinding it due to the pointed edges of the depressions 8 and braking against the stops 5 The obtained flakes of dry ice are removed by centrifugal forces into the hopper 11. In this case, the cutting force and, accordingly, the granulate fraction are selected empirically due to the inclination of the boxes 9 depending on the strength properties, tribological characteristics of the grinder raw materials and other factors.

The granules are formed as a result of pressing individual flakes of dry ice, obtained by cutting from the blocks, between adjacent teeth of one gear 12 with a tooth engaged in another gear 12. In this case, gears 12 are shifted, increasing their center distance, so that the tooth tip does not reach the cavity by the amount required for the formation of granules. Another option for the formation of granules is to reduce the height of the tooth while maintaining the center distance. The formed granules leave the interdental space of the gears 12 under the action of the force of their weight or forcibly due to the action of gears 13 having pointed tooth tips. By changing the intercenter distance of the gears 12, granules of a different fraction and different density can be obtained.

Further, dry ice granulate is used for its intended purpose - for short-term cooling of food products, medical preparations, in machines for cleaning various surfaces with dry ice granules.

The industrial applicability of the invention is obvious, because based on modern technology.

Claims (1)

A device for grinding and granulating frozen in blocks of raw materials containing a drive mechanism located along the axis of the supporting structure, a vertical shaft connected to it with a disk mounted perpendicular to the axis of the shaft, while at least two elongated, uniformly spaced radial inclined stops for planing knives, moreover, planing knives are serrated knives with equal pitch of planing teeth and troughs, adjustable guides for blocks of raw materials installed with the possibility of movement blocks under the action of its weight down on the working surface of the disk to the cutting position, a hopper located under the disk for collecting crushed raw materials, characterized in that the inclined stops of the planing knives are made on the working surface of the disk, the teeth of adjacent knives are shifted one step in the radial direction, sharp edges are made on the protruding edges of the depressions, and the guides are made in the form of boxes installed at an angle to the working surface of the disk with the ability to adjust the angle, while the transverse dimensions of the boxes exceed the corresponding lateral dimensions of the blocks by the amount of the gap, while the device is additionally equipped with granule forming means made in the form of a pair of engaged forming gears mounted under the hopper with the possibility of rotation from the drive and the possibility of changing the center distance, and a pair of gears engaged with the forming gears having pointed tooth tips for cleaning the interdental spaces of the molding gears.

Images