RU2113882C1 - Method of separating organic emulsion - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: petrochemical processes. SUBSTANCE: water-organic emulsion is passed through nonwoven layered filtration material after preliminarily hydrophobizing it by treatment with suspension containing, wt.-%: organic solvent, 92-98.5; binding agent, 1.0-3.0; and fine chemically modified oxide, 0.5-5.0 selected from the group including silicon, iron, titanium, and aluminum oxides, after which treated material is dried at 80-180 C. As organic solvent, acetone, gasoline, toluene, C₁-C₈-alcohols, or ethers is used. Binding agent is selected from epoxy resins, polyamide resins, phenol resins, polystyrene, polyurethane, acrylic or bakelite varnish. EFFECT: enhanced separation efficiency. 5 cl, 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to a method for the fine separation of water-organic insoluble in each other mixtures by passing a liquid through a multilayer filter material previously subjected to hydrophobic processing.

 The invention can be used in the chemical, oil and oil refining industries. Such filtrates can be used especially effectively when cleaning liquid fuels (gasoline, kerosene, diesel fuel) from traces of moisture, when pumping oil products, in fuel filters of automobile and aviation vehicles, as a membrane valve to prevent the penetration of atmospheric vapors, etc.

 A known method of removing water from a lubricating oil, namely, that the original oil is first passed through a particulate filter material, and then the oil-water emulsion is sent to the coagulator chamber, in which the emulsion is separated. After that, the liquid is passed through several layers of pressed fiberglass [1].

 The disadvantage of this method is its multi-stage.

 Closest to the claimed method is the separation of an aqueous-organic emulsion by passing through a multilayer non-woven filter material, which is used as inorganic fibers of aluminum and / or zirconium oxides. These fibers may also additionally contain other fibers from silicates of calcium, cotton, rayon, polyolefin, polyester, etc. The surface of the particles of the filter material is subjected to hydrophobization in order to give them hydrophobic properties [2]. The degree of separation of liquids is 75 - 97%.

 The disadvantage of the above method is the relatively low degree of separation of immiscible liquids ≈ 75 - 97%, which does not allow the use of these methods, for example, in the fine purification of fuel, oils from water.

 The aim of the invention is to eliminate the above drawback, i.e. in increasing the degree of separation of emulsions.

 The goal is achieved in a method for the separation of water-organic emulsions, including passing them through a multilayer nonwoven material with preliminary hydrophobization, in which according to the invention the hydrophobization of the filter material is carried out by treatment with a suspension containing an organic solvent, a binder and a finely divided chemically modified oxide selected from the group including oxides of silicon, titanium, iron and aluminum, and then the processed material is dried. When this treatment is carried out with a suspension containing these components in the following ratio, wt.%: Oxide of Si, Fe, Ti, Al - 0.5 to 5.0; a binder is 1 to 3 and an organic solvent is 92 to 98.5.

As an organic solvent, acetone, ethers, C ₁ -C ₈ alcohols, benzene, toluene are used.

It is proposed to use epoxy, polyamide, phenol-formaldehyde resins, polystyrene, polyurethane, bakelite or acrylic varnish as a binding agent. Drying is carried out at 80 - 180 ^o C. Moreover, silicon oxide can be used in the form of white soot, perlite, aerosil, talc.

The method is as follows. Non-woven filter material, for example, based on lavsan, used in industrial automobile filters, is subjected to a suspension treatment containing, wt.%: Acrylic varnish - 2.0, fine chemically modified oxide (TDHMO) - 2.5, acetone - 95.5 . The processing of the filter element in the form of a tape is carried out by spraying from a spray gun. After that, the filter material is dried at 80 - 180 ^o C for 1 - 2 hours. The content of the binder component is selected so that TDXMO fixed on the non-woven filter material does not reduce its hydrophobic characteristics.

 In a column with a height of 1.0 m, connected through a tap with a filtering device, gasoline (kerosene) is preliminarily poured, which is then passed through the filter until it is completely saturated. After the filter is impregnated, the tap is closed and 100 ml of a mixture of water and a hydrocarbon of a certain composition are poured into the column. The tap is opened and the amount of liquid passed through the filter is determined. Monitoring the effectiveness of the separation of the mixture is carried out using an IRF-22 refractometer. After separation of the mixture, the filter device is disconnected from the column and from the filter, through the loading nozzle, the collected water is poured. Measure the volume of water and determine the refractive index. The results are shown in the table.

 The sump volume of the used filter device was 15 ml.

 The table shows that the separation of such immiscible water-hydrocarbon compositions as water - hexane (gasoline, kerosene, oil) occurs completely - 100%. This is due to the fact that, being a hydrophobic (water-repellent) material, TDHMO at the same time has strong organophilic properties, which allows it to form colloidal solutions with hydrocarbons, alcohol, acetone, ether, etc. During the hydrophobization of the filter material, a continuous film is not formed on its surface, which allows preserving the gas permeability of the material and its ability to pass (filter) organic liquids.

On the other hand, the used hydrophobized material TDXMO has an exceptionally high wetting angle (≈ 170 ^° ), which is close to the theoretically possible one. In contact with a hydrophobic surface, water tends to coagulate into droplets, the size of which significantly exceeds the size between the nodes of the lattice formed by a hydrophobic material, which prevents the penetration of water through the filter.

 Even with an overpressure of 0.2 atm (experiment 10), water is retained by the filter element, filling only the volume of the filter sump.

 The results of the study allow us to consider hydrophobized non-woven materials as unique filtering elements for the separation of immiscible organic-inorganic liquids, which can be widely used primarily for the fine purification of fuels (gasoline, kerosene, diesel fuel, oil), oils, and solvents for organic-based paints from water .

Claims (4)

 1. The method of separation of an aqueous-organic emulsion by passing it through a multilayer non-woven filter material with preliminary hydrophobization, characterized in that the hydrophobization of the filter material is carried out by treating it with a suspension containing an organic solvent, a binder and a finely divided chemically modified oxide selected from the group consisting of oxides silicon, iron, titanium and aluminum, and then the processed material is dried. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the treatment is carried out with a suspension containing these components in the following ratio in wt.%:
Silicon oxide, or iron, or titanium, or aluminum - 0.5 - 5.0
Binding Agent - 1 - 3.0
Organic Solvent - 92 - 98.5
3. The method according to PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that, as an organic solvent, the suspension contains acetone, or gasoline, or toluene, or alcohols with C ₁ -C ₈ or esters.  4. The method according to PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that, as a binding agent, the suspension contains epoxy, polyamide, phenolic resins, polystyrene, polyurethane, acrylic or bakelite varnish. 5. The method according to PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that the drying of the processed suspension material is carried out at 80 - 180 ^o C.

Images