RU2108429C1 - Device for purification of sewage from petroleum products - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: sewage purification technology. SUBSTANCE: this can be used in sewerage systems of inhabited areas and industrial enterprises, and is also applicable both in designing and construction of new sewerage systems and in reconstruction of existing systems. Device is aimed at improving efficiency of cleaning sewage from petroleum products at minimal expenditure for reconstruction of existing sewage purification works and for installing device directly in sewerage networks. Used in device is oil trap having U-shaped pipeline contour directed with its curved part upwards with breathing pipe and combined with cylindrical expansion unit through system of pipe connections, and funnel. Expansion unit is installed vertically and higher than level of bend of U-shaped pipeline and in different chambers separated by hermetic partition. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to wastewater treatment and can be used in sewer systems of settlements, industrial enterprises for water protection measures. It can be used both in the design and construction of new sewage systems, and in the reconstruction of existing ones in order to improve the environmental situation.

 Most existing treatment facilities for the collection of petroleum products are morally obsolete, and the quality of the treated effluents does not meet the requirements for wastewater discharged into the sewage system, and even more so into an open reservoir.

 The sources of scientific, technical and patent literature describe numerous designs of sewer structures and swings designed to intensify wastewater treatment [1], a device for treating wastewater and its discharge into a watercourse [2].

 However, the listed devices are unsuitable for purification of water from oil products.

 It is also known a device for draining and collecting water, having a reservoir for storing water and a siphon in the form of a U-shaped pipe, which serves to drain the water. The design is designed to supply water of a given amount in separate portions, but not for concentrated collection for the purpose of purification [3].

 The closest analogue of the invention is a device for separating two immiscible liquids with different specific gravities for separating, for example, petroleum products contained in water, in which a layer of liquid with a lower specific gravity is used as a separating element [4]. The device is made in the form of a vessel with a coalescing filter mounted in it and vertical partitions forming a hydraulic shutter. In the middle part of the vessel, horizontal perforated partitions with a vertical funnel for discharging the floated liquid are mounted. However, the design is not technologically advanced due to preliminary cleaning on a coalescing filter, which is deeper than the main cleaning on perforated partitions. In addition, the device does not provide protection against leakage of oil during volley discharges of wastewater.

 The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of wastewater treatment from petroleum products (up to 98-99%) under normal conditions of operation of the treatment plant and in salvo discharges with the lowest cost for the reconstruction of sewer systems.

 The essence of the invention is to use as an oil trap device having a U-shaped contour of the discharge pipe. It is turned upward by the curved part and combined through the lower curved nozzles and funnel with an expander mounted vertically so that the expander is above the bend level of the U-shaped pipeline. This design of the device allows for concentrated collection of oil impurities.

 The proposed device for separating petroleum products contained in wastewater is a discharge pipe made in the form of a U-shaped elbow facing the curved part up and equipped with a breathing tube in the upper part to equalize the pressure in the system. The inlet of the device is located inside the hollow cylinder, which acts as a partition, and the outlet is through the lower curved nozzles connected by a flange or coupling, and the funnel is fixed with a vertically mounted expander, which is a piece of pipe of a larger diameter. The flange connection of the lower nozzles provides the ability to control the distance between the chambers I and II. The expander is located inside a cylindrical pipe mounted on supports, the upper edge of which is above the level of the bend of the U-shaped pipe.

 A bent pipeline with a breathing tube and the first lower pipe is in one settling chamber, and the second lower pipe, funnel, expander and upper vertical pipe are in another, separated from the first sealed partition.

 The device operates as follows.

 The treated effluents through the inlet pipelines fall into the settling chamber 1 of the treatment plant, previously filled with clean water. Here, a preliminary separation of pop-up oil products and water takes place. Here is mounted the first part of the proposed oil recovery device (figure 1).

 Water is taken from the lower, most pure layer. Liquid through a cylindrical partition 1 enters the U-shaped elbow 2 of the device, in the upper part of which accumulations of floating oil products form at the inflection (Fig. 2). On the thus formed "suspended layer" of emulsified oil products, sorption of finely dispersed impurities occurs, i.e. further physical and mechanical wastewater treatment. To equalize the pressure in the system, a breathing tube 3 is installed at the bend of the pipe.

 Next, the pre-treated effluents through the nozzle 4 enter the settling chamber 11 and through the second nozzle 5, the funnel 6 into the expander 7. Due to the larger diameter of the expander and as a result of a sharp decrease in the flow rate, a second “suspended layer” of residual oil products forms at its border with the funnel, also sorbing impurities and treating wastewater at the next level. A cylindrical pipe 8 mounted on top of the supports eliminates the possibility of oil products entering the treated effluents, which, after being cleaned in chambers I and II, enter the city collector through the control well. In case of discharge of wastewater into a reservoir of fishery significance, they are additionally treated on cartridge filters with down-loading.

 Thus, the task of improving the cleaning efficiency is achieved by the design of the oil trap, which provides for the layout of a curved outlet pipe with an expander and the location of the parts in different chambers, hermetically separated from each other. This provides a concentrated collection of waste fluid in the system of communicating vessels and a clear separation of liquids of different specific gravities. This leads to a significant intensification of the cleaning process and reaches a maximum value of 98-99%.

 The proposed device can be used both in the design of new and in the reconstruction of old treatment facilities, which is important from an economic point of view. The device will reduce up to 90% the load on the filters of the following stages, eliminate the possibility of the breakthrough of oil products and suspended solids during volley discharges with a flow rate of up to 50 l / s waste water.

Claims (1)

 A device for treating wastewater from petroleum products using a liquid layer with a lower specific gravity as a separating element, containing a discharge pipe, a vessel divided by partitions into chambers and a pipe, characterized in that the discharge pipe is made in the form of a U-shaped elbow facing the curved part upward provided with a breathing tube at the top, the inlet of which is located inside the cylindrical partition, and the outlet through the nozzles and funnel is connected to the expander a tube installed vertically in another chamber and provided with a cylindrical pipe, the edge of the cylindrical pipe being located above the level of the bend of the bent pipe.

Images