KR20220007594A - Incineration plant for solid materials and method for replacing nozzle inserts thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an incineration plant for solid materials, the incineration plant comprising:
- a combustion material inlet (1) through which solid material is introduced,
- a combustion chamber (2) in which a solid material is introduced and this solid material is burned;
- a combustion grate (3) allowing the solid material and the burned solid material to be transferred through the combustion chamber (2);
- the main air supply below the top of the combustion grid (3), and
- at least one nozzle arranged above the combustion grid 3 , capable of providing a gaseous medium, and having a gas inlet and a gas outlet
has

Description

Incineration plant for solid materials and method for replacing nozzle inserts thereof

The present invention relates to an incineration plant for solid materials such as waste and biomass, said incineration plant comprising a combustion material inlet through which solid material is introduced, into which solid material is introduced and this solid material is combusted and thus flue gas is disposed above the combustion chamber, the solid material and the combustion grate allowing the burned solid material to pass through the combustion chamber, the main air supply below the top of the combustion grid, and the secondary air above the combustion grid; It may provide a gaseous medium, such as make up air and/or an oxygen-poor carrier gas, and has at least one nozzle having a gas inlet and a gas outlet.

An incineration plant generally includes a combustion grid disposed inside the lower portion of the combustion chamber, into which solid material and combusted solid material can be delivered to the slag vessel from a combustion material inlet through the combustion chamber. Main air is supplied to the solid material disposed on the combustion grid, generally below the combustion grid, so that the solid material disposed on the combustion grid is burned into the main air.

Additionally, a nozzle is provided above the combustion grid, with which secondary air, tertiary air or oxygen-poor carrier gas for after-combustion can be provided to the flue gas.

At least one empty passage may be disposed downstream of the combustion chamber extending vertically or horizontally, and the flue gas flows from the combustion chamber through the at least one empty passage to the heat recovery steam generator. In particular, two, three or more parallel empty passages can be implemented.

The heat recovery steam generator downstream of the empty passage can be arranged (partially) vertically and/or horizontally, and an inclined orientation is also possible.

The walls of the combustion chamber, the empty passage(s) and the heat generator are generally equipped with heat exchangers (ie tubes), the heat exchange medium of which is provided in particular in one common boiler drum.

A flue gas purification device downstream of the heat recovery steam generator may include elements for dust removal, scrubbing and/or desulfurization (eg SCR or SNCR) of the flue gas. A chimney may be disposed downstream of the flue gas purification system.

Generally, a plurality of nozzles are disposed above the combustion grid to provide secondary air, tertiary air and/or oxygen-poor carrier gas, with nozzles of a specific gas medium connected to a common supply to their inlets. The nozzles are also fixed to the wall of the combustion chamber. If the nozzle is to be replaced because of wear or to provide a different flow behavior to the gas medium being provided, the entire nozzle needs to be separated from the central feed and wall. Therefore, a great effort is required to replace each nozzle.

An incineration plant for solid materials having the features of the preamble of claim 1 is known from EP 0 498 014 A1. GB 795 252 A discloses a furnace chamber with ignition means for combustion of an ash containing fuel, which furnace chamber has a nozzle for supplying secondary air. The nozzle includes a secondary air exhaust duct, which has a circular air exhaust passage that terminates at the inner surface of the wall of the furnace chamber. The nozzle insert is mounted at the outlet end of the air exhaust passage. The nozzle insert is connected to the air exhaust passage by a weld disposed on the inner wall surface of the air exhaust passage.

In view of this, it is an object of the present invention to provide an incineration plant in which maintenance or replacement of nozzles is reduced.

This object is achieved with an incineration plant and a method for maintenance of an incineration plant having the features of the independent claims. Preferred embodiments of the invention are set forth in the dependent claims and in the entire description, single features of the preferred embodiments may be combined with one another in a technically meaningful way.

The above object is, in particular, a nozzle pipe preferably connected to a common supply line for the gaseous medium and also connected to the wall of the combustion chamber and the gas outlet is embodied as a (separate) outlet insert, which outlet insert is at least partially Inserted into the nozzle pipe and the outlet insert is achieved by connecting to the nozzle pipe with a weld joint. In order to make the weld joint easily accessible, the weld joint is disposed on the outer surface of the nozzle pipe.

The invention also relates to a method for replacing the outlet insert of a nozzle in an incineration plant, in particular an incineration plant according to the invention, comprising the steps of:

- breaking a weld joint disposed on the outer surface of the nozzle pipe between the nozzle pipe and the used outlet insert of the nozzle;

- removing the used outlet insert out of the nozzle pipe;

- inserting a new outlet insert into the nozzle pipe, and

- Welding the new outlet insert to the nozzle pipe.

In other words, the present invention proposes to provide a nozzle in an incineration plant made of a plurality of parts, in particular a nozzle pipe having a constant diameter (inner and/or outer diameter) connects the nozzle to a common supply for the gaseous medium and the wall of the combustion chamber. and an outlet insert comprising an element for providing the gaseous medium with desired flow characteristics, at least partially and exchangeably arranged in the nozzle pipe. Furthermore, a welding connection is provided between the nozzle pipe and the outlet insert, the welding connection being provided, in particular, in a position which allows the welding connection to be destroyed, at least when the incineration plant is shut down. In this way, the outlet insert can be easily exchanged, and a new outlet insert can be connected to the nozzle pipe by welding. Thus, not only is it possible to provide an outlet insert which provides the same flow properties to the gaseous medium, but it is also possible to provide an outlet insert which provides flow properties different from the outlet inserts used.

The outer diameter of the portion of the outlet insert inserted into the nozzle pipe has the same dimension/size as the inner diameter of the nozzle pipe.

It is often sufficient for the outlet insert to have a constant inner diameter that is less than the inner diameter of the nozzle pipe, but it is preferred that the outlet insert comprises at least one element that provides the gaseous medium with the desired flow properties.

For example, the inner diameter of the outlet insert may decrease from the inlet side to the outlet side along its extension, and optionally increase after the minimum diameter is reached.

The outlet insert may also comprise a swirling portion, for example a helically extending guide portion, in its internal flow cross-section, with which a swirling flow may be provided to the gaseous medium.

The outlet insert may also include a deflecting portion, with which the flow of gas medium is at least partially deflected such that the main direction of the gas medium stream leaving the outlet insert is inclined with respect to the axial direction of the nozzle pipe. lose

The outlet insert may also comprise a diverting element, with which the flow of the gaseous medium is diverted into two, three or more partial flows, the main directions of which are inclined with respect to one another.

Preferably, the weld joint is accessible from the combustion chamber, so that when the incineration plant is shut down, the weld joint can be manually destroyed during maintenance of the incineration plant.

In one embodiment, the outlet insert has a flange that contacts the end face of the nozzle pipe, and a weld joint is provided between the flange and the perimeter of the end face of the nozzle pipe. In this way, the weld joint is easily accessible, but does not affect the flow characteristics provided to the gas medium from the outlet insert.

In order for the nozzle pipe to be fixed to the wall of the incineration plant, the nozzle pipe is disposed in part on the inner wall delimiting the combustion chamber, the nozzle pipe protrudes into the combustion chamber, and the weld joint is disposed in a portion of the nozzle pipe extending into the combustion chamber do.

The present invention and technical background will now be described with reference to the drawings, in which the drawings represent exemplary embodiments of the invention.

1 is a side view of a portion of an incineration plant;
2 is a nozzle of an incineration plant with a nozzle pipe and an outlet insert;

The incineration plant comprises a combustion chamber 2 having a combustion material inlet 1 through which solid combustion material such as waste can be introduced into the combustion chamber 2 . At the bottom of the combustion chamber 2 a combustion grid 3 is embodied, into which solid material and combusted material (ie ash) can be conveyed towards the slag outlet 4 .

The main air for the combustion of the solid material is provided below the combustion grid 3 . The flue gas produced in the combustion chamber 2 is fed into an empty passage 5 extending vertically. Downstream of the empty passage 5, a horizontally extending heat recovery steam generator 6 is arranged.

In the heat recovery steam generator 6 , a superheater heat exchanger 7 , an evaporator heat exchanger 8 and an economizer heat exchanger 9 are arranged, all of which are connected to one common boiler drum 10 .

2 shows a nozzle for providing a gaseous medium such as secondary air, tertiary air and/or an oxygen-poor carrier gas into the combustion chamber 2 .

The combustion chamber 2 is delimited by a wall 15 . The nozzle comprises a nozzle pipe 11 and an outlet insert 12 . The nozzle pipe 11 is connected on the left to a common supply of gaseous medium (not shown). The nozzle pipe 11 extends through the wall 15 into the combustion chamber 2 .

The outlet insert 12 is inserted into the nozzle pipe 11 , the outlet insert 12 comprising a flange 13 , which abuts against the end face of the nozzle pipe 11 .

The outlet insert 12 is connected to the nozzle pipe 11 by a weld joint 13 , which is arranged on the outer periphery of the nozzle pipe 11 behind the flange 14 .

The outlet insert 12 can be easily replaced by breaking the weld joint 13 , so that the outlet insert 12 can then be removed from the nozzle pipe 11 . After inserting the new outlet insert 12 , the new outlet insert 12 can be connected to the nozzle pipe 11 by welding.

Although the illustrated embodiment of the outlet insert 12 has an inner diameter that is only slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the nozzle pipe 11 , the outlet insert 12 may contain other factors (e.g., diverters, swirlers, etc.).

1 Combustion material inlet
2 combustion chamber
3 combustion grid
4 slag outlet
5 empty passage
6 Heat Recovery Steam Generator
7 Superheater heat exchanger
8 Evaporator Heat Exchanger
9 Economizer Heat Exchanger
10 boiler drum
11 nozzle pipe
12 outlet inserts
13 weld joint
14 flange
15 wall

Claims (8)

An incineration plant for solid materials, comprising:
- a combustion material inlet (1) through which solid material is introduced,
- a combustion chamber (2) into which said solid material is introduced and into which said solid material is burned;
- a combustion grate (3) which allows said solid material and burnt solid material to be transmitted through said combustion chamber (2);
- the main air supply below the top of the combustion grid (3), and
- arranged above the combustion grid (3), capable of providing a gaseous medium, having at least one nozzle having a gas inlet and a gas outlet,
The gas inlet is embodied as a nozzle pipe (11) and the gas outlet is embodied as an outlet insert (12), which outlet insert (12) is at least partially inserted into the nozzle pipe (11), the outlet insert (12) is connected to the nozzle pipe (11) by a weld joint (13), the weld joint (13) being disposed on the outer surface of the nozzle pipe (11). According to claim 1,
and the weld joint (13) is accessible from the combustion chamber (2). 3. The method of claim 1 or 2,
The outlet insert 12 has a flange 14 in contact with the end face of the nozzle pipe 11 , and the weld joint 13 is provided between the flange 14 and the outer periphery of the end face of the nozzle pipe 11 . being an incineration plant. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The nozzle pipe 11 is arranged on the wall 15 delimiting the combustion chamber 2 , the nozzle pipe 11 protrudes into the combustion chamber 2 , and the weld joint 13 into the combustion chamber 2 . An incineration plant, arranged in a part of the extending nozzle pipe (11). 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The weld joint 13,
- continuous weld seam;
- a plurality of welding beads, and
- Multiple welding points
Implemented in at least one of, an incineration plant. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The outlet insert 12,
- multiple outlet parts;
- the deflecting part;
- the swirling part
An incineration plant comprising at least one of 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
- an empty passage (5) downstream of the combustion chamber (2);
- a heat recovery steam generator (6) downstream of said empty passage (5), and
- a flue gas purification device downstream of the heat recovery steam generator (6);
Incineration plants with more A method for replacing an outlet insert (12) of a nozzle in an incineration plant, comprising:
- breaking the weld joint (13) arranged on the outer surface of the nozzle pipe (11) between the nozzle pipe (11) and the used outlet insert (12) of the nozzle;
- removing the used outlet insert (12) out of the nozzle pipe (11);
- inserting a new outlet insert (12) into the nozzle pipe (11), and
- welding the new outlet insert (12) to the nozzle pipe (11)
A method for replacing an outlet insert of a nozzle comprising:

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