KR20070023623A - Controllable inductive device - Google Patents

Abstract

A variable inductor device comprises a magnetic core with first and second coaxial and concentric cylindrical members 101, 102 formed from magnetic material which are arranged with a high permeability direction and a lower permeability direction. The ends of the cylindrical members 101,102 are magnetically interconnected by end coupling members 105, 106. A first winding 103 is wound around both of the magnetic cylinders with an axis perpendicular to that of the cylinders. A second winding 104 is wound around at least one of the cylindrical members and has an axis that coincides with that of the cylinders. The first winding 103 may provide a magnetic field which is aligned with the high permeability direction of the magnetic core and the second winding 104 may be orthogonal to the first winding and provide a magnetic field which is aligned with a lower permeability direction, or vise versa. A magnetic coupler device 105, 106 and a magnetic structure are also claimed. The magnetic coupler 105, 106 may be formed from anisotropic magnetic sheet or wire material and arranged to form a toroidal member for magnetically coupling two coaxial and concentric cylindrical magnetic core members. A non-magnetic spacer material may be used between the cylinders and the end couplers. The magnetic structure has two windings which are orthogonal to one another and act on a closed magnetic core formed from anisotropic material. The variable inductor device provides a low loss variable inductor for high power applications.

Description

Controllable induction device {CONTROLLABLE INDUCTIVE DEVICE}

The present invention relates to a controllable inductor, in particular comprising: first and second coaxial and concentric magnetic pipe elements comprising anisotropic material and whose ends are interconnected by magnetic end couplers; A first winding wound around the magnetic pipe element; And a second winding wound around at least one magnetic pipe element of the magnetic pipe elements, wherein the winding axis of the first winding is perpendicular to the axis of the magnetic pipe element of at least one of the magnetic pipe elements. And a winding axis of the second winding coincides with the magnetic pipe element axis, the first winding generating an magnetic field in excitation, in a first direction coinciding with a first magnetic permeability direction, The second winding relates to a controllable inductor which, upon excitation, generates a magnetic field in a second direction coinciding with the second permeability direction, and wherein the first permeability is actually higher than the second permeability.

There has long been interest in the use of control fields to control the main field of an induction device.

US Pat. No. 4,210,895 describes a device comprising an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder whose ends are joined to each other by a connecting element. In this device, the main winding part is wound around the core and passes through the central opening of the cylinder. The winding shaft is connected to a path formed along the periphery of the cylinder. This winding produces an annular magnetic field inside the cylinder wall and a circular field inside the connecting element. The control winding is wound around the cylinder axis. Thus, a field is generated in the long axis direction of the cylinder. As with the magnetic material, the transmittance of the core is changed by the action of the control current applied to the control winding. Since the cylinder and the connecting element are made of the same material, the rate of change of permeability is the same in both types of components. As a result, the magnitude of the control magnetic field should be limited to prevent saturation of the core and decomposition of this control magnetic field. As a result, the control range of the inductor is limited, and the apparatus of US Pat. No. 4,210,895 has a relatively small volume which limits the output throughput.

Other devices contain only a controlled permeability portion of the main flux path. However, this method greatly limits the control range of the device. For example, US Pat. No. 4,393,157 discloses a variable inductor made of anisotropic sheet strip material. The inductor includes two ring elements that are coupled perpendicular to each other with a limited cross section. Each ring element has a winding. The part of the device in which magnetic field control can be performed is limited to the area where the rings intersect. The limited magnetic field controllable region is a relatively small part of the closed magnetic circuit for the main and control magnetic fields. Part of the core is initially saturated (saturation will not be achieved at the same time for all parts of the core because different magnetic fields operate above different regions), and this saturation causes losses due to stray fields from the main magnetic flux. Occurs. Partial saturation gives the device very limited control range.

Thus, the prior art does not have a means to control the permeability inside the core for substantial output throughput without incurring significant losses. This prior art problem affects the structure of all inductive devices, in particular the curved structure of sheet strip metal, because of the significant eddy current and hysteresis losses in this curved structure. ) Occurs.

The present invention solves these problems of the prior art and can be implemented as a low loss controllable induction device suitable for high power applications. In general, the present invention can be used to control magnetic flux conduction in the rolling direction through control domain displacement in the transverse direction.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention controls the permeability of the grain-oriented material in the rolling direction using a transversely controlled magnetic field. In one embodiment of the invention, the controllable induction device made of grain oriented steel is magnetized in the transverse direction. In yet another embodiment of the present invention, a controllable inductor is provided that includes first and second coaxial and concentric pipe elements. These pipe elements are interconnected at both ends by magnetic end couplers. A first winding is wound around the two elements, and a second winding is wound around at least one of the two elements. The winding axis of the first winding is arranged perpendicular to the pipe element, and the winding axis of the second winding is arranged identically to the axis of the pipe element. The first and second magnetic elements are composed of anisotropic magnetic materials such that the permeability in the direction of the magnetic field introduced by the first winding is slightly higher than the permeability in the direction of the magnetic field introduced by the second winding. In this embodiment, the anisotropic material is selected from the group consisting of grain oriented silicon steel and domain controlled high permeability grain oriented silicon steel.

In one embodiment of the invention, the magnetic end coupler is made of anisotropic material and provides a low permeability path to the magnetic field generated by the first winding and a high permeability path to the magnetic field generated by the second winding. The controllable inductor also has a thin insulation sheet disposed between the magnetic pipe element edge and the end coupler.

In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a controllable magnetic structure having a closed magnetic circuit. The closed magnetic circuit has a first magnetic circuit element and a second magnetic circuit element. Each of these magnetic circuit elements is made of an anisotropic material with a high permeability direction. The controllable magnetic structure also has a first winding wound around a first portion of the closed magnetic circuit, and a second winding oriented perpendicular to the first winding. The first winding generates a first magnetic field in the high magnetic permeability direction of the first magnetic circuit element, and the second winding causes the first magnetic field when each winding is excited (ie, energized). The second magnetic field is generated in a direction perpendicular to the direction.

In an embodiment of the invention, the controllable magnetic structure comprises a first magnetic circuit element, which is a pipe member, and a second magnetic circuit element, which is an end coupler connecting the first circuit member to the second pipe member. Here, the first pipe member and the second pipe member are disposed coaxially about an axis, and the high permeability direction is oriented in an annular direction with respect to the axis. Also, the second high permeability direction may be oriented in a radial direction with respect to the axis. In another embodiment of the invention, the controllable magnetic structure is made of a particle directional material. In another embodiment of the invention, the controllable magnetic structure is an inductor.

In another embodiment of the present invention, an insulating material is disposed in the closed magnetic circuit between the first magnetic circuit element and the second magnetic circuit element. In another embodiment, the second magnetic circuit element has a volume corresponding to 10-20% of the volume of the first magnetic circuit element.

In another embodiment of the present invention, a core is provided in the magnetically controllable inductor. The core has first and second coaxial and concentric pipe elements, each of which is made of anisotropic magnetic material.

The axis is defined by each pipe element and the pipe elements are interconnected at both ends by magnetic end couplers. The core also exhibits a first permeability in a first direction parallel to the axis of the pipe elements, which is considerably higher than the second permeability in a second direction perpendicular to the axis of the pipe element. In this embodiment, the first and second pipe elements consist of a rolled sheet material comprising a sheet end and an insulating coating. In yet another embodiment, the first pipe element has a gap in a third direction parallel to the axis of the pipe elements, and the first and second pipe elements are these first and second pipe elements. They are joined together by a micrometer thin film insulating layer at joints located therebetween. In yet another embodiment, the air gap extends axially in each pipe element and the first reluctance of the first element is equal to the second magnetoresistance of the second element. In one embodiment of the present invention, the insulating material is selected from the group consisting of MAGNETITE-S and UNISIL-H. The controllable inductor may also include a third permeability present inside the coupler in an annular direction relative to the axis of the elements, and a fourth permeability present inside the coupler in a radial direction relative to the axis of the elements. Can be. In this embodiment, the fourth permeability is actually greater than the third permeability.

According to another aspect of the invention, a magnetic coupler device is provided to interconnect the first and second coaxial and concentric pipe elements to provide a magnetic core in a controllable inductor. The magnetic end coupler is made of anisotropic material and provides a low permeability path to the magnetic field generated by the first winding as well as a high permeability path to the magnetic field generated by the second winding. In this embodiment, the magnetic coupler comprises a grain directing sheet metal having a transverse direction corresponding to the grain directing direction of the pipe elements inside the assembly core. In addition, the particle directing direction corresponds to the transverse direction of the pipe elements inside the assembly core, thereby ensuring that the end couplers are saturated behind the pipe element. In this embodiment, the magnetic end coupler is made of a single wire made of magnetic material. In the present embodiment, on the other hand, the magnetic end coupler is made of stranded wires made of magnetic material.

The magnetic end coupler may be manufactured by various means. In one embodiment of the invention, the magnetic end coupler is manufactured by rolling a magnetic sheet material to form a toroidal core. The core is sized and shaped to match the pipe element and is divided into two halves along a plane perpendicular to the grain orientation (GO) direction of the magnetic sheet material. In addition, the width of the end coupler is adjusted such that the segments connect the first pipe element and the second pipe element at the pipe element end. In another embodiment, the magnetic end coupler is made of a strand wire or a single wire of magnetic material to form a torus, which is divided into two halves along a plane perpendicular to all the wires.

In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the present invention implements a variable induction device having a low remanence, whereby the variable induction device can be easily reset between operating cycles in AC operation and is largely linear. Inductance change can be provided.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

1 is a diagram showing a magnetic material sheet and a relative position between the rolling direction and the axial direction.

2 is a view showing a rolling core and a rolling direction and an axial direction defined in the rolling core.

FIG. 3 is a view showing a sheet of particle directivity material and the particle direction and the transverse direction defined in the sheet.

Fig. 4 is a diagram showing a rolling core made of a grain directing material, and a particle direction and a transverse direction defined in the rolling core.

5 shows the relative position of the pipe elements in different directions.

6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a portion of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 shows an apparatus according to the embodiment of FIG. 6.

8 is a cross-sectional view of the apparatus shown in FIG. 7.

9 illustrates a thin insulating sheet disposed between a magnetic end coupler and a cylindrical core of a device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a drawing showing the manufacture of the magnetic end coupler based on the magnetic sheet material.

11 shows a torus for the manufacture of a magnetic end coupler based on a magnetic material strand.

12 is a cross-sectional view of a torus shaped magnetic material for manufacturing a magnetic end coupler according to an embodiment of the present invention.

13 is a view showing the particle direction and the transverse direction of the magnetic end coupler according to an embodiment of the present invention.

14 illustrates a torus for the manufacture of a magnetic end coupler having a shape that is adjusted to match a pipe element according to an embodiment of the invention.

15 illustrates a torus made of a magnetic wire according to an embodiment of the present invention.

16 is a cross-sectional view of the torus shown in FIG. 15.

17 shows a domain structure made of particle directional material.

Strip sheet material is used to produce the magnetic core. These cores can be produced, for example, by rolling the sheets into a cylinder or by stacking several sheets together and then cutting the elements that will form the cores. The material used to produce the "rolled" core can define at least two directions, such as the rolling direction ("RD") and the axial direction ("AD").

1 and 2 show a magnetic sheet and a rolled core, respectively. 1 and 2, the rolling direction and the axial direction RD and AD are shown. As shown in Figure 2, the rolling direction of the rolling core runs along the circumference of the cylinder and the axial direction coincides with the cylinder axis.

Materials having magnetic properties that vary depending on the direction of the magnetic material are called anisotropic materials. 3 and 4 show the directions defined in the sheet of particle oriented anisotropic material. Particle directivity ("GO") materials are made by rolling a mass of material between rollers through several steps with the heating and cooling of the final sheet. During this manufacturing process, the material is covered with an insulating layer, which affects the reduction of the domain of the material and thus the loss. As a result of this material deformation process, a material is produced in which the particles (and thus the magnetic domains) are mainly oriented in one direction. Permeability reaches its maximum in this direction. This direction is generally referred to as the GO (particle directivity) direction. The direction perpendicular to the GO direction is referred to as the transverse direction ("TD"). For example, UNISIL and UNISIL-H belong to the type of magnetic anisotropic material. In one embodiment, the particle directing material provides a substantially high domain ratio useful for rotation in the transverse direction. As a result, this material has a low loss and allows for improved permeability control in the particle directivity direction through the application of the control magnetic field of the transverse TD.

Other types of anisotropic materials include amorphous alloys. A common property of all these types of anisotropic materials is that they can define "easy or soft" magnetization directions (high permeability) and "difficult or hard" magnetization directions (low permeability). Magnetization in the high permeability direction is achieved by domain wall motion, while magnetization in the low permeability direction is achieved by rotation of the domain magnetization in the magnetic field direction. The result is a square m-h loop in the high permeability direction and a linear m-h loop in the low permeability direction (where m is magnetic polarization as a function of magnetic field strength h). Also, in one embodiment, the m-h loop in the transverse direction has zero residual magnetism without exhibiting coercivity. Here, the term "GO" is used when referring to a high permeability direction, while the term lateral direction "TD" is used to refer to a low permeability direction. These terms are used for particle oriented materials as well as for other anisotropic materials used in the cores according to the invention. In one embodiment, the GO direction and the RD direction are the same direction. In another embodiment, the TD direction and the AD direction are the same direction. In another embodiment, the anisotropic material is selected from the group of amorphous alloys consisting of METGLAS magnetic alloy 2605SC, METGLAS magnetic alloy 2605SA1, METGLAS magnetic alloy 2605CO, METGLAS magnetic alloy 2714A, METGLAS magnetic alloy 2826MB, and Nanokristallin R102. In another embodiment, the anisotropic material is selected from the group of amorphous alloys consisting of iron based alloys, cobalt based alloys, and iron-nickel based alloys.

Although the use of anisotropic materials is described, other materials with suitable combinations of the following properties may be used: 1) high peak magnetic polarization and permeability in RD; 2) low loss; 3) low permeability in TD; 4) low peak magnetic polarization at TD; And 5) rotational magnetization in the transverse direction. Table 1 contains a partial list of materials in which the sheet strips may be implemented and some properties of the materials in connection with one or more embodiments of the invention.

Table 1

matter Bmax at 800 A / m Loss at 1.5T, 50Hz Substance type thickness Unisil-H 103-27-P5 1.93T 0.74W / kg Particle directivity 0.27mm Unisil-H 105-30-P5 1.93T 0.77 W / kg Particle directivity 0.30mm NO 20 grade 1.45T 2.7 W / kg Non-directional 0.2mm Unisil-M 140-30-S5 1.83T 0.85W / kg maximum permeability is about 6000 Particle directivity 0.3mm Unisil 140-30-S5, AC magnetization curves in the transverse direction 1.4T (1.15T at 120A / m) Maximum Permeability is about 800

5 shows an embodiment of a pipe element with variable inductance according to the invention. Since this pipe element is produced by rolling an anisotropic material sheet, it can define the rolling direction RD, the axial direction AD, the high permeability GO direction, and the low permeability TD direction. The relative position between these directions in the pipe element is shown in FIG. 5. The pipe element may have other cross sections because the cross-sectional shape simply depends on the shape of the pipe element on which the sheet is rolled. If the sheet is rolled on a parallelepiped having a square cross section, this pipe element will have a forward cross section. Likewise, a sheet rolled over a pipe having an elliptical cross section will be formed of a pipe having an elliptical cross section. In one embodiment, the pipe element is a cylinder.

6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a portion of a controllable induction device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The device 100 comprises a first pipe element 101 and a second pipe element 102, both ends of which are interconnected by magnetic end couplers. For clarity of illustration, the magnetic end coupler is not shown in the figure. Around the first and second pipe elements 101, 102 are wound a first winding 103 having a winding axis perpendicular to the axis of these pipe elements. In operation the magnetic fields Hf, Bf generated by this first winding will have a direction along the circumference of the pipe element, ie an annular direction with respect to the axis of the pipe element. Around the second pipe element 102 is wound a second winding 104 having a winding axis parallel to the axis of these pipe elements. In operation, the magnetic fields Hs, Bs generated by this second winding will have a direction parallel to the axis of the pipe element, ie axially with respect to the axis of the pipe element. In one embodiment, the winding axis of the second winding 104 is the same as the axis of the pipe element. In another embodiment, the axes of the pipe elements do not coincide with each other.

If the winding and magnetic field of FIG. 6 are combined with the rolled material core of FIG. 5, an apparatus 100 according to one embodiment of the invention is formed. In the present embodiment, the magnetic permeability in the direction of the magnetic fields Hf and Bf generated by the first winding 103 (that is, the GO and RD directions) is determined by the magnetic fields Hs and Bs generated by the second winding 104. ) Is significantly higher than the permeability in the direction (ie, TD, AD).

In one embodiment, the first winding 103 constitutes a main winding and the second winding 104 constitutes a control winding. Here, the main magnetic fields Hf and Bf are generated in the high permeability directions GO and RD, and the control magnetic fields Hs and Bs are generated in the low permeability directions TD and AD.

As described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6, minimal loss occurs as a result when anisotropic materials are used to provide the device 100. These results are achieved regardless of whether the apparatus 100 is used for linear applications or for switching applications. For linear applications, the device 100 is switched on and remains in the circuit as inductance. For switching applications, the device 100 is used to connect and disconnect another device from a power source.

The low loss allows the device 100 to be used in high power applications, for example in circuits that can use transformers in the range of several hundred kVA to several MVA.

As shown in Equation 44, the power processing capability of the core depends on the maximum breaking voltage Ub at high permeability and the maximum magnetizing current Im at the minimum value of the control permeability.

Ps = UbIm 44)

If the magnetizing current and the blocking voltage are expressed as a function of the magnetic field density Bm, the apparent power Ps can be expressed as follows:

Ps = π and f ² and Bm and Vj / μ ₀ and μ _r 45)

Where Vj is the volume of the main flux path of the core, μ ₀ is the permeability of free space, and μ _r is the relative permeability of the core. Equation 45 shows that power processing capacity is related to the volume of the core and the relative permeability of the core. At very high permeability, the magnetizing current is at the lowest level and only a small amount of power is conducted.

From Eq. 45), it is clear that the apparent power Ps per unit volume of the core is related to the relative permeability μ _r . If the minimum relative permeability of the first core corresponds to half of the minimum relative permeability of the second core in two similar cores, the apparent power of the first core is twice as large as the second core. Thus, the power handling capability of a given core volume is limited by the minimum relative permeability of that core volume.

Thus, in one embodiment, the volume of the magnetic end coupler is approximately 10-20% of the main core volume, while the volume of the magnetic end coupler is one half of the main core depending on the configuration of the core and the required power handling capability. Or 1/4 more. In one embodiment, the volume of the magnetic end coupler is 5-10% of the main core volume. In another embodiment, the volume of the magnetic end coupler is 2.5-5% of the main core volume.

A new phenomenological theory of magnetization curves and hysteresis losses in particle-oriented (GO) laminates was prepared by co-authors, including Fiorillo, and published in IEEE 2002 Vol.38, No.3. Described in the paper entitled "Comprehensive Model of Magnetization Curve, Hysteresis Loops, and Looses in Any Direction in Grain-Oriented Fe-Si" have. Co-authors, including Fiorillo, provide theoretical and experimental evidence of the fact that the volume developed in the transverse magnetization is occupied for the magnetization in the rolling direction. Thus, this paper demonstrates that magnetic field allows permeability in one direction to be controlled in another.

Co-authors, including Fiorillo, also provide a treatment model for GO materials. For example, these authors present a model that includes magnetization curves, hysteresis loops, and energy losses in arbitrary directions in GO laminate structures. The model is based on a single crystal approximation and illustrates the fact that domains develop in a complex way when a magnetic field is applied along the TD. Referring to FIG. 17, the GO sheet basically includes a pattern of 180 degree domain walls oriented along the RD. The demagnetized state (FIG. 17A) is characterized by magnetization Js oriented along [001] and [001]. When a magnetic field is applied to the TD (FIG. 17), the basic 180 degree domain has magnetizations oriented along [100] and [010] via 90 degree domain wall processes (ie, with respect to the laminate structure plane). It is transformed into a pattern of bulk domains (which form a 45 degree angle). If this new domain structure occupies a partial sample volume, then the macroscopic magnetization value is:

46)

46)

J ₉₀ = magnetization at TD

Js = magnetization in RD

V ₉₀ = partial sample volume

The maximum magnetization attained at the end of the magnetization process is J ₉₀ = 1.42 Telsa, and further increase is obtained by moment rotation of the domain.

Co-authors, including Fiorillo, also show that the growth of the 90 degree domain reduces the volume of the sample occupied by the 180 degree domain. Thus, the magnetic permeability or magnetic flux conduction of the magnetic field applied in the rolling direction can be controlled by the control magnetic field and the control domain displacement in the transverse direction.

The magnetization behavior in the transverse direction of GO steels is described by Co-authors, including Hubert, in "Magnetic Domains" published in Springer 2000, pages 416-417 and 532-533. The control of the domain displacement in the transverse direction for controlling the permeability in the rolling direction is most preferable because the movement of the 180 degree wall is prevented when the magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the 180 degree wall. Thus, the main magnetic field does not affect the control magnetic field which is already perpendicular to the TD magnetization volume.

In contrast to GO steels, which differ in the magnetization mechanism of the GO direction and the TD, the magnetization of non-oriented steels consists mainly of 180 degree domains. Thus, the control of volume is continuously influenced by the main and control magnetic fields of the non-directional steel.

7 shows an apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the invention. FIG. 7 shows a first pipe element 101, a first winding 103, and magnetic end couplers 105, 106. The anisotropic property of the magnetic material of the pipe element has already been described above and consists of a material having an easy magnetization direction GO in the rolling direction RD.

The pipe elements are made by rolling a sheet made of GO material. In one embodiment, the GO material is a steel of the highest quality with a minimum loss such as, for example, Cogent's Unihil HM105-30P5.

The permeability of GO steel in the transverse direction is about 1 to 10% of the permeability in the GO direction, depending on the material. As a result, the inductance of the windings generating the magnetic field in the transverse direction is only 1-10% of the inductance of the main windings generating the magnetic field in the GO direction, where these two windings have the same number of turns. This inductance ratio allows a high degree of control over the permeability in the direction of the magnetic field generated by the sovereign. Also, through the control flux in the transverse direction, the peak magnetic polarization is about 20% lower than in the GO direction. As a result, the magnetic end coupler of the device according to the embodiment of the present invention is not saturated by the main flux or the control flux, and can always concentrate the control magnetic field inside the material.

In order to prevent the second closed path for the eddy current and the control magnetic field, in one embodiment, an insulating layer is interposed between adjacent layers of sheet material. This insulating layer is applied as a coating material on the surface of the frying sheet material. In one embodiment, the insulating material is selected from the group consisting of MAGNETITE and MAGNETITE-S. However, other insulating materials such as C-5 and C-6 manufactured by Rembrandtin Lack Ges.mbH may be used, in which case they must be mechanically strong enough to withstand the manufacturing process. In addition, it must have sufficient mechanical strength to prevent electrical shorts between adjacent foil layers. In addition, the suitability of stress relieving annealing and poured aluminum sealing is an advantageous property of the insulating material. In one embodiment, the insulating material comprises an organic / inorganic mixed system free of chromium. In yet another embodiment, the insulator includes an inorganic filler and a dye and comprises a thermally stable organic polymer.

8 is a cross-sectional view of an apparatus 100 according to the present invention. In this embodiment, the first pipe element 101 comprises a gap 107 in the axial direction of the pipe element located between the first and second layers of the first pipe layer. The main function of this gap 107 is to adapt the volume and power handling capabilities of the material to a particular application. By the presence of an air gap in the longitudinal direction of the core, the residual magnetism of the core will be reduced. As a result, the harmonic contents of the current of the main winding will be reduced when the permeability of the core is lowered by the current of the control winding. A thin insulating layer is arranged in the gap 107 between the two parts of the first pipe element. In this embodiment, the magnetic end coupler is not divided into two parts.

9-16 relate to different embodiments of magnetic end couplers. In one embodiment, the material used for the magnetic end coupler is an anisotropic material. In this embodiment, the magnetic end coupler provides a difficult magnetization (low permeability) path for the main magnetic field Hf generated by the first winding 103. The control magnetic field Hs generated by the second winding 104 (not shown in FIG. 7) will be in contact with a path having a high permeability of the magnetic end coupler and a low permeability of the pipe element.

The magnetic end coupler or control magnetic flux connector may be made of GO sheet metal or wire made of a magnetic material having a control magnetic field in the GO direction and a main magnetic field in the transverse direction. This wire may be a single wire or strand wire.

In one embodiment, the magnetic end coupler is made of GO steel so that the end coupler is not saturated before the pipe element or cylinder core in the TD concentrates the control flux through the pipe element. In another embodiment, the magnetic coupler is made of pure iron.

In the following, the magnetic field behavior in the end coupler of the embodiment of the device corresponding to FIG. 7 will be described. Initially, ie when the second winding or the control winding 104 is not operated, due to the very low permeability of the main magnetic field direction TD of the magnetic end coupler, a very small portion of the main magnetic field Hf (almost 0.04 to 0.25%) Only into the volume of the magnetic end coupler. The permeability of the main magnetic field direction Hf, TD is 8 to 50 through the end coupler depending on the material and configuration used. As a result, the main magnetic flux Bf enters the volumetric flow of the pipe element or the cylinder cores 101, 102. In addition, due to the concentration of the main magnetic flux, the magnetic permeability of the main cores 101 and 102 can be adjusted to about 10.

The control flux path (Bs of FIGS. 6 and 7) moves axially up inside the core wall of one of the pipe elements 101, 102 and down inside the core wall of the other pipe element. At each end of 101,102 it is closed by magnetic end couplers 105,106.

Control magnetic flux B has a very small air gap provided by the thin insulating sheet 108 between the magnetic end couplers 105, 106, and a circular end region of the cylindrical core (FIG. 9). This is important to prevent the generation of a closed current path for transformer action from the first winding 103 via the "winding" formed by the first and second pipe elements 101, 102 and the magnetic end couplers 105, 106.

As described above, the magnetic end coupler according to the embodiment of the present invention is composed of sheets of a magnetic material (laminated structure). This embodiment is shown in FIGS. 10-14. 10 shows a magnetic end coupler made of GO sheet steel and the pipe elements 101, 102. Each portion of the magnetic end coupler 105 (eg, segments 105a and 105b) gradually widens as it progresses from the radially inward end 110 to the radially outward end 112, in which case the radial inwardly. End 110 is narrower than radially outward end 112. The directions GO and TD applied to each segment 105a, 105b of the end coupler are shown in FIG. A portion of the end coupler 105 on the left and right sides of FIG. 10 is removed so that the seat end 114 of the inner core 102 and outer core 101 are visible. FIG. 11 shows a torus shaped member 116 which provides a magnetic end coupler when cut into two parts. 12 shows the cross section of the torus and the relative position of the sheet (e.g., laminated structure) 105 made of magnetic material. 12 and 13 show the GO direction of the magnetic end coupler coinciding with the direction of the main magnetic field. 14 shows how the size and shape of the magnetic coupler segment 105a is adjusted so that the coupler is at each end of the first pipe element 101 (cylindrical outer core) and the second pipe element 102 (cylindrical inner core). Shows whether the connection is guaranteed. In FIG. 14, the radially inward end 110 is narrower than the radially outward end 112.

In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 15, segments of the same type are made using magnetic wires. End couplers are made using a single wire or strand of magnetic material. The toroidal shape formed by the magnetic material is cut into two parts indicated by cross section A-A of FIG. 15. 16 shows how the ends of the magnetic wire provide the inlet and outlet regions for the magnetic field Hf. Each wire then provides a path for the magnetic field Hf.

Modifications, variations and other implementations of the devices described herein are possible by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the invention is not to be limited by the foregoing description, but rather should be limited by the spirit and scope of the following claims.

In order to increase the amount of power processed by the controllable induction device, the core may be made of a laminated sheet strip material. This would also be advantageous in switching applications where rapid changes in permeability are required.

Claims (29)

As a controllable inductor, First and second coaxial and concentric magnetic pipe elements comprising anisotropic material and interconnected at both ends by magnetic end couplers; A first winding wound around the magnetic pipe element; And A second winding wound around a magnetic pipe element of at least one of the magnetic pipe elements; Including but not limited to The winding axis of the first winding is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the magnetic pipe element of at least one of the magnetic pipe elements, The winding axis of the second winding coincides with the axis of the magnetic pipe element, The first winding, upon excitation, generates a magnetic field in a first direction coinciding with the first permeability direction, The second winding, upon excitation, generates a magnetic field in a second direction coinciding with the second permeability direction, and And wherein the first permeability is actually higher than the second permeability. 2. The controllable inductor of claim 1, wherein the anisotropic material is selected from the group consisting of grain oriented silicon steel and domain controlled high permeability grain oriented silicon steel. 2. The magnetic end coupler of claim 1, wherein the magnetic end coupler is made of anisotropic material and provides a low permeability path to the magnetic field generated by the first winding and a high permeability path to the magnetic field generated by the second winding. Controllable hillside. 2. The controllable inductor of claim 1, further comprising a thin insulating sheet disposed between the magnetic pipe element edge and the end coupler. The controllable inductor of claim 1, wherein the volume of the magnetic end coupler is 10-20% of the volume of the magnetic pipe element. 2. The controllable inductor of claim 1, wherein the volume of the magnetic end coupler is 25-50% of the volume of the magnetic pipe element. 2. The controllable inductor of claim 1, wherein the magnetic field direction generated by the first winding is oriented in an annular direction with respect to the axis of at least one of the pipe elements. 2. The controllable inductor of claim 1, wherein the magnetic field direction generated by the second winding is oriented in a radial direction with respect to the axis of at least one of the pipe elements. A core for a self controllable inductor, First and second coaxial and concentric pipe elements interconnected at both ends by magnetic end couplers, each pipe element comprising anisotropic magnetic material and defining an axis; A magnetic permeability in a first direction parallel to the axis of the pipe element, wherein the first permeability is higher than a second permeability in a second direction perpendicular to the axis of the pipe element. Core for inductor. 10. The magnetically controllable inductor of claim 9, wherein the first and second pipe elements comprise a rolled sheet material comprising a sheet end and an insulating coating. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the first pipe element comprises: a first layer in a third direction parallel to the axis of the pipe elements; Second layer; And a gap, wherein the first layer and the second layer of the first pipe element are mutually joined by a micrometer thin insulating layer of the junction located between the first layer and the second layer. Self controllable inductor. 10. The method of claim 9, further comprising an air gap extending axially in each pipe element, wherein the first magnetoresistance of the first pipe element is equal to the second magnetoresistance of the second pipe element. Self-controllable inductors. 11. The magnetically controllable inductor of claim 10, wherein said insulating material is selected from the group consisting of MAGNETITE-S and UNISIL-H. The method of claim 9, wherein a third permeability is present inside the coupler in an annular direction with respect to the axis of the pipe elements, and a fourth permeability is present inside the coupler in a radial direction with respect to the axis of the pipe elements, And said fourth permeability is actually greater than said third permeability. A magnetic coupler device for connecting a first and a second coaxial and concentric pipe element to provide a magnetic core to a controllable inductor, the magnetic coupler device comprising: A magnetic end coupler having an anisotropic material, a low permeability path coinciding with the direction of the magnetic field generated by the first winding, and a high permeability path coinciding with the direction of the magnetic field generated by the second winding, And said magnetic field is generated when said windings are excited. The method of claim 15 wherein the first and second pipe elements are made of anisotropic magnetic material, Permeability in the direction of the magnetic field generated by the first winding is higher than the permeability in the direction of the magnetic field generated by the second winding, The magnetic end coupler comprises a grain directing sheet metal having a cross direction corresponding to the grain directing direction of the pipe element of the assembly core, And the particle directivity direction corresponds to the transverse direction of the pipe element of the assembly core, thereby ensuring that the magnetic end coupler is saturated behind the pipe elements. 16. The controllable inductor of claim 15, wherein the magnetic end coupler further comprises at least one of a single wire and a strand wire of magnetic material. 16. The magnetic end coupler of claim 15, wherein the magnetic end coupler is manufactured by rolling a magnetic sheet material to form a toroidal core, The core is sized and shaped to match the pipe element, The core is divided into two halves along a plane perpendicular to the direction of grain directivity of the magnetic sheet material, Wherein the width of the end coupler is adjusted such that the segments connect the first pipe element and the second pipe element at the pipe element end. 16. The magnetic end coupler of claim 15, wherein the magnetic end coupler comprises at least one of a strand wire and a single wire of magnetic material, the wire being wound to form a torus, And the torus is divided into two halves along a plane perpendicular to all wires. As a controllable magnetic structure, A closed magnetic circuit having a first magnetic circuit element and a second magnetic circuit element each comprising an anisotropic material having a high permeability direction; A first winding wound around a first portion of the closed magnetic circuit; And A second winding oriented perpendicular to the first winding, A first magnetic field is generated by the first winding in the direction of high permeability of the first magnetic circuit element, And a second magnetic field is generated by the second winding in a direction perpendicular to the first magnetic field direction. 21. The controllable magnetic structure of claim 20 wherein the first magnetic circuit element is a pipe member and the second magnetic circuit element is an end coupler. 22. The controllable magnetic structure of claim 21 wherein the first magnetic circuit element comprises two pipe members disposed coaxially about an axis, wherein the high permeability direction is oriented in an annular direction with respect to the axis. . 23. The controllable magnetic structure of claim 22 wherein the second high permeability direction is oriented in a radial direction with respect to the axis. 21. The controllable magnetic structure of claim 20 wherein the controllable magnetic structure is an inductor. 21. The controllable magnetic structure of claim 20, further comprising a particle directing material. 27. The controllable magnetic structure of claim 25 wherein the particle directing material is domain controlled high permeability particle directed silicon steel. 21. The controllable magnetic structure of claim 20 further comprising an insulating layer disposed in a closed magnetic circuit between the first magnetic circuit element and the second magnetic circuit element. 21. The controllable magnetic structure of claim 20 wherein the volume of the second magnetic circuit element is 10-20% of the volume of the first magnetic circuit element. 21. The controllable magnetic structure of claim 20 wherein the second magnetic field direction corresponds to a second high permeability direction of the second magnetic circuit element.

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