KR101442689B1 - Biomass pellet manufacturing equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a biomass pellet manufacturing method, which is characterized by a primary mixing agitator (100) in which waste wood, worn-out clothes, waste paper, waste synthetic resin, and food waste are individually put, mixed, and agitated; a secondary mixing agitator (200) in which graphite and red clay are added in a primary mixture agitated by the primary mixing agitator (100) and are mixed and agitated; an asphalt injector (300), whereby asphalt is injected into a secondary mixture discharged through the secondary mixing agitator (200); an extruder (400) that extrudes the secondary mixture with the asphalt completely injected; a graphite and non-asphalt oil mixing injector (500) disposed at the front end of the extruder (400); and a cutter (600) which is installed at the front end of the extruder (400) and cuts the secondary mixture, discharged as a solid matter, to an appropriate size when the secondary mixture mixed by the graphite and non-asphalt oil mixing injector (500) is discharged through the extruder (400). Accordingly, a pellet-type solid fuel can be manufactured from biomass, which include food waste and worn-out clothes, as household waste, wood, human feces, livestock excretion, and industrial waste such as sawdust, chaff, and waste wood, and thermal efficiency, ignition quality, and combustion efficiency of the solid fuel are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a biomass pellet manufacturing equipment,

The present invention relates to a pellet for producing a pellet which is a solid fuel using biomass consisting of food waste discharged in large quantities in general households or restaurants, manure such as excrement produced from human beings and livestock animals, Manufacturing apparatus.

As energy and environmental problems become more widespread, there is a growing interest in biomass that can replace fossil fuel resources.

In addition, due to the seriousness of global environmental problems, the Kyoto Protocol, adopted at the Third Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Climate Change (COP3), came into effect and identified the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and the depletion of future fossil fuels. As a result of the Kyoto Protocol becoming effective, governments and corporations are taking a more active step toward securing alternative technologies and resources in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Biomass resources such as garbage, grain, agricultural byproducts, etc., which are common in Korea, are emerging as a practical alternative to solve energy and environmental problems.

These biomass are collectively referred to as organic matter in nature. Biomass is a representative resource that mankind has long used for food, energy, building materials, and daily necessities. However, it has not been well valued for fossil fuels such as petroleum, which can be conveniently and cheaply manufactured to various products.

But in recent years the situation has started to change rapidly. Already, the supply of ethanol for fuel extracted from corn or sugarcane has been shortage, and biodiesel obtained by processing grain seeds or waste cooking oil is growing rapidly in Europe.

In addition, biomass is estimated to have potential to replace not only renewable energy but also various petrochemical-based products. Some say biomass resources are the only "ground resources" that can replace 'underground resources' such as oil and coal.

Examples of such biomass include a variety of microorganisms such as plants and animals, by-products of various human activities, or trash. Examples of such biomass include cereals, wood (waste wood, logging), animal manure, food waste, organic sewage / waste water sludge This can be seen as a representative biomass. At this time, waste wood is mainly recycled as fuel, and manure and food waste are mainly recycled as fertilizer.

On the other hand, a large amount of moisture is contained in biomass (for example, waste wood, sludge, etc.) and waste paper sludge. For example, in the case of waste wood, at least 20% by weight is moisture, and in the case of waste paper sludge, at least 70% by weight is moisture as described above. Accordingly, in order to recycle the waste wood, waste paper sludge and the like as a solid fuel, the pulverization process and the dehydration process must be performed. Dehydration can be performed by a dehydrator, hot air drying (or naturally drying), etc. However, such a method has a limitation in lowering the water content and takes a longer time.

In addition, since the raw biomass has a very high porosity inside the material, it has a problem that the transportation efficiency is low and the amount of heat generation is low because of a large volume.

As a method for utilizing such a biomass, there are known pellet manufacturing technology, ogalite manufacturing technology and the like in addition to the conventionally known carbide baking, and pellets and augarite can be produced by dehydrating And can be regarded as a consolidated fuel having improved transportability and combustibility.

However, these wood-based biomass solid fuels according to the prior art are hardly sufficient to have a sufficient calorific value as compared with coal coke, and are not sufficient for hardness performance. Therefore, when producing castings or mixing and burning with coal coke in steel making It is difficult to exhibit the function as a substitute coke because it is destroyed / burned without enduring the environment in the furnace.

Among biomass, biomass that is not used unfavorably because it is not suitable for use as a solid fuel, such as a large amount of moisture and a large pore, as compared with woody biomass, for example, herbaceous biomass (grass, sunflower Etc.) and food waste biomass (beans, rice hulls, etc.) exist, and a method for effectively utilizing such biomass is sought.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a pellet which is produced from a solid fuel which is pelletized without disposal of food waste, flour, animal manure, rice husks, sawdust, waste woods and the like discharged in daily life, .

According to an aspect of the present invention,

A primary mixing agitator for mixing food wastes, bones, hairs, flour and manure with wastes obtained by cutting and crushing waste wood, clothes, waste paper and waste synthetic resin, heating and stirring the mixture through steam heating,

A second mixing agitator for mixing graphite and loess with a primary mixture stirred by the primary mixing agitator and heating and stirring through steam heating;

An asphalt injector for injecting asphalt into the secondary mixture to be mixed and agitated by the screw when the secondary mixture passed through the secondary mixing agitator is conveyed through the screw,

An extruder for extruding the asphalt mixture by the asphalt injector,

A graphite and deasphalted oil injector injecting a mixture of graphite and deasphalted oil to the extreme end of the extruder and coating the surface of the solid material extruded through the extruder,

And a cutter for cutting the solidified pellets discharged through the extruder after coating the solid surface of the end of the extruder with the graphite and deasphalted oil injector.

According to the present invention, it is possible to produce pellet-shaped solid fuels for fueling by using biomass, which is food wastes discharged in daily life, old clothes, timber and manure, manure discharged from animals, and industrial wastes such as sawdust, rice hull, The solid fuel produced therefrom can be improved in thermal efficiency and ignitability, and the pellet having excellent combustion efficiency can be obtained.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a process for producing pellets using an apparatus according to the present invention,
2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a mixing agitator employed in the present invention
Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the production of a finished pellet by cutting the effluent passing through the extreme end of the extruder employed in the present invention to a predetermined size using a cutter

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described.

The present invention relates to a primary mixing agitator (100) for mixing and stirring waste wood, clothes, waste paper, waste synthetic resin, food waste, and the like, and a primary mixer (100) agitated by the primary mixing agitator An asphalt injector 300 for injecting asphalt into the secondary mixture discharged through the secondary mixing agitator 200, and an asphalt injector 300 for injecting asphalt into the secondary mixture discharged through the secondary mixing agitator 200. [ A graphite and deasphalted oil-injected injector 500 provided at the extreme end of the extruder 400 and an extruder 400 for mixing the graphite and deasphalted oil-injected injector 500, And a cutter 600 for cutting the second mixture, which is attached to the tip of the extruder 400 when discharged through the extruder 400 and discharged to the solid material, into an appropriate size.

Since the primary mixing agitator 100 has the same configuration as that of the secondary mixing agitator 200 to be described later, the primary mixing agitator 100 will be mainly described in the description of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 2, the primary mixing agitator 100 includes a triangular rotary plate 3 having a triangular shape in section on the upper side of a rotary shaft 2 rotated by an upper motor 1, 3) a plurality of rotary plates 4 are provided on the lower side and the damper 5 can be opened and closed on the lower side.

The waste to be dispensed to the primary mixing agitator 100 is mixed with food waste and general waste. Food waste includes food waste, crushed bone, hairs, flour, manure, and general waste includes waste Wood, clothes, waste paper, and waste synthetic resin, which will be referred to in the present invention.

The food waste is allowed to be added by 30% by weight to the total weight of the total waste to be fed to the primary mixing agitator 100, and the general waste is sorted through a sorting device and cut at intervals of 10 cm using a cutting device or the like And then subjected to a cutting and grinding process by pulverizing through a pulverizer or the like, so that the ratio of 10% by weight to the total weight of the garbage to be fed to the primary mixing agitator 100 is maintained, .

The path to be introduced to the primary mixing agitator 100 side can be conveyed by using the conveyor 10. [

In addition, the transportation and transfer of the garbage to the primary mixing agitator 100 can be performed through a suction process using a duct or the like, and it can be selectively applied depending on the field conditions and the like.

When the general waste and food waste are introduced into the primary mixing agitator 100 as described above, the triangular rotary plate 3 attached to the upper end of the rotary shaft 2 is rotated and rotated by the rotation of the motor 1 So that the waste streams are freely dropped downward in the primary mixing agitator 100 and diffused and distributed.

The waste streams diffused and distributed by the triangular rotary plate 3 are mixed and mixed by a rotating plate 4 which is separated from the rotary shaft 2 by a plurality of spaces and then mixed with the lower side damper 5 of the primary mixing agitator 100 The waste mixture in the mixed and stirred state through the primary mixing agitator 100 is referred to as a primary mixture in the present invention.

Meanwhile, the inside of the primary mixing agitator 100 is preferably heated to raise the temperature. The mixture is heated and stirred at a temperature of 80 캜 through a steam heating furnace (6) into the primary mixing agitator (100).

The primary mixture, which is primarily mixed through the primary mixing agitator 100, is conveyed to the upper side of the secondary mixing agitator 100 through the conveying unit such as the conveyor 10 provided at the lower side, And then flows into the stirrer 200.

The secondary mixing agitator 200 has the same structure as that of the primary mixing agitator 100 described above and includes a motor 1, a rotary shaft 2, a triangular rotary plate 3, a rotary plate 4, And damper (5) are used in the same manner.

Therefore, the primary mixture, which is primarily mixed and stirred through the primary mixing agitator 100, is introduced into the secondary mixing agitator 200 through the conveyor 10 at the lower end of the primary mixing agitator 100, 50% by weight of the total weight and 10% by weight of the loess were mixed and introduced into the secondary mixer 200 through a separate conveyor 10.

After the mixture of the primary mixture, which has been mixed and stirred through the primary mixing agitator 100, and the graphite and the yellow soil mixture, which are the admixtures mixed through another conveyor, are introduced into the secondary mixing agitator 200, (3) and the rotary plate (4) by the rotation of the rotary shaft (1).

By mixing the graphite and the loess with the primary mixture obtained by the primary stirring step, the adsorption efficiency can be increased.

In the second mixing agitator 200, it is preferable to use the steam heater 6 to maintain steam at a temperature of 80 ° C or higher. The garbage mixed in the secondary mixing agitator 200 is referred to as a secondary mixture in the present invention.

Meanwhile, asphalt is injected into the secondary mixture which has been subjected to the mixing treatment through the secondary mixing agitator 200. For this purpose, the secondary mixture mixed and discharged in the secondary mixing agitator 200 is discharged downward The asphalt is injected into the screw 210 through the asphalt injector 300 connected to the screw 210.

Currently, the manufacture of asphalt pavement materials is tedious, expensive, and requires a significant amount of energy to heat the liquid asphalt and maintain the temperature of the liquid asphalt. HMA is produced by heating the asphalt binder to reduce its viscosity and heating to remove moisture from the aggregate prior to mixing. When the asphalt is in a vessel that is not maintained at a high temperature, the asphalt requires additional energy to heat it to cure and mixable hardness. Mixing is generally carried out with the aggregates at about 300 경우 (about 150 캜) for pure asphalt, 330 ℉ (캜) for polymer modified asphalt, and 200 ℉ (95 캜) for asphalt cement. Packaging and compaction should be carried out with sufficient heating of the asphalt.

Wherein the asphalt pavement material comprises finely divided materials primarily as aggregates or fillers. Aggregates or fillers can be used in any form of the asphalt composition and are selected according to the grade, strength, roughness and stability of the asphalt pavement material.

Aggregates may include a variety of materials of varying shapes and sizes, examples of agglomerates include lime, quicklime, sand, gravel, crushed stone, slag, recycled concrete, and the like. One example is a mineral filler which is a very fine, inert material added to asphalt such as hotmix asphalt to improve the density and strength of the mixture. Examples of mineral fillers may include rock powders, slag powders, slaked lime, hydraulic cements, fly ash, fibers, and the like.

In the present invention, the asphalt injected through the asphalt injector 300 is injected into the secondary mixture discharged from the secondary mixing agitator 200 using the packing material grade asphalt and agitated, Thereby increasing the agility.

The above-mentioned asphalt is preferably maintained at a temperature of 100 ° C.

As described above, the extruder (400) injects the secondary mixture discharged through the secondary mixing agitator (200) into the screw (210), and then the asphalt injected through the asphalt injector (300) And the structure of the extruder 400 may be employed, so that detailed description of the structure of the extruder 400 will be omitted.

In the process of solidifying and extruding the secondary mixture through the extruder 400, graphite and deasphalted oil are applied through a graphite and deasphalted oil injector 500 for applying deasphalting oil to the extreme end of the extruder .

When the deasphalted oil is mixed with graphite, a mixture of deasphalted oil and graphite having a viscosity at the extreme end of the extruder is supplied through deaeration of deasphalted oil and blackening. In this process, solidification takes place through the extreme end of the extruder, Deasphalted oil and graphite are supplied to the outer surface of the pellet, and the outer surface of the pellet is treated to obtain the finished solid fuel.

Meanwhile, as described above, the mixture of graphite and deasphalted oil is coated on the outer surface and the solid material discharged through the extrusion die passes through the extruder 400 and is conveyed to a proper size by a cutter 600 provided at the end of the extruder 400 To obtain a solid pellet having a completed shape.

One; Motor 2; Rotating shaft
3; A triangular swivel plate 4; Spindle
5; Damper 6; Steam heating
10; conveyor
100; Primary mixing agitator 200; Secondary mixer
210; Screw 300; Asphalt injector
400; An extruder 500; Graphite and deasphalted oil injector
600; cutter

Claims (5)

A primary mixing agitator for mixing food wastes, bones, hairs, flour and manure with wastes obtained by cutting and crushing waste wood, clothes, waste paper and waste synthetic resin, heating and stirring the mixture through steam heating,
A second mixing agitator for mixing graphite and loess with a primary mixture stirred by the primary mixing agitator and heating and stirring through steam heating;
An asphalt injector for injecting asphalt into the secondary mixture to be mixed and agitated by the screw when the secondary mixture passed through the secondary mixing agitator is conveyed through the screw,
An extruder for extruding the asphalt mixture by the asphalt injector,
A graphite and deasphalted oil injector injecting a mixture of graphite and deasphalted oil to the extreme end of the extruder and coating the surface of the solid material extruded through the extruder,
And a cutter for cutting the solidified pellets discharged through the extruder after coating the surface of the solids at the end of the extruder with the graphite and deasphalted oil injector.
The method according to claim 1,
The first and second mixing agitators are provided with a triangular rotary plate having a triangular shape in cross section on the upper side of a rotary shaft rotated by a motor at the upper end thereof and a plurality of rotary plates below the triangular rotary plate and being openable and closable by a damper Wherein the pellet is pelletized.
The method according to claim 1,
The garbage to be fed into the primary mixing agitator is mixed with food waste and general garbage, so that 30% by weight of food waste is added to the total weight of the total garbage to be fed to the primary mixing agitator, Is fed into the pelletizer using a cutting device and a pulverizer at intervals of 10 cm, and then fed into the pelletizer using a biomass pelletizer while maintaining a ratio of 10% by weight based on the total weight of the garbage to be fed to the primary mixer. .
The method according to claim 1,
And the mixture is heated and stirred at a temperature of 80 캜 through steam heating at the time of stirring the primary and secondary mixtures in the primary and secondary mixing agitators.
The method according to claim 1,
Mixing the mixture with 50% by weight of graphite and 10% by weight of loess, based on the total weight, and mixing and stirring the mixture so that the primary mixture is introduced into the side of the secondary mixing agitator, A device for producing pellets using mass.

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