KR100265342B1 - Metallization process for semiconductor device using pvd method - Google Patents
Metallization process for semiconductor device using pvd method Download PDFInfo
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- KR100265342B1 KR100265342B1 KR1019970078024A KR19970078024A KR100265342B1 KR 100265342 B1 KR100265342 B1 KR 100265342B1 KR 1019970078024 A KR1019970078024 A KR 1019970078024A KR 19970078024 A KR19970078024 A KR 19970078024A KR 100265342 B1 KR100265342 B1 KR 100265342B1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005380 borophosphosilicate glass Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000002488 metal-organic chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 37
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 20
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- QPJSUIGXIBEQAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2,4-dichloro-5-propan-2-yloxyphenyl)acetamide Chemical compound CC(C)OC1=CC(NC(C)=O)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl QPJSUIGXIBEQAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000427 thin-film deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76838—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
- H01L21/76877—Filling of holes, grooves or trenches, e.g. vias, with conductive material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/3105—After-treatment
- H01L21/311—Etching the insulating layers by chemical or physical means
- H01L21/31105—Etching inorganic layers
- H01L21/31111—Etching inorganic layers by chemical means
- H01L21/31116—Etching inorganic layers by chemical means by dry-etching
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/3205—Deposition of non-insulating-, e.g. conductive- or resistive-, layers on insulating layers; After-treatment of these layers
- H01L21/32051—Deposition of metallic or metal-silicide layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/3205—Deposition of non-insulating-, e.g. conductive- or resistive-, layers on insulating layers; After-treatment of these layers
- H01L21/321—After treatment
- H01L21/32115—Planarisation
- H01L21/3212—Planarisation by chemical mechanical polishing [CMP]
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- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76838—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
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Abstract
Description
본 발명은 반도체 제조 분야에 관한 것으로, 특히 물리증착 방식을 사용한 초고집적 반도체 소자의 금속배선 공정에 관한 것이다.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the field of semiconductor manufacturing, and more particularly, to a metal wiring process of an ultra-high density semiconductor device using a physical vapor deposition method.
구리(Cu)는 원자의 크기가 매우 작고 화학적인 친화도가 매우 크기 때문에 쉽게 산화되고 실리콘 기판이나 산화막으로 쉽게 확산하여 들어감으로 소자의 특성을 크게 열화(degradation) 시키는 문제점이 있으며, 그 금속배선 재료로서 구리 박막을 이용할 것이 유력시되는 차세대 초고집적 소자는 매우 작은 디자인 룰(design rule)을 갖기 때문에 구리 박막의 증착시 단차피복성(step coverage)이 양호한 화학기상증착(CVD) 방식을 사용하여야 한다. 그러나, 아직까지 구리 박막의 증착 공정기술 개발은 물리증착(PVD) 방식을 사용한 구리 박막의 증착은 용이하나 화학기상증착 방식을 사용한 구리 박막의 증착은 용이하지 않은 실정이다. 이러한 문제점은 구리 금속배선에 국한되지 않고 Au, Ag, Co, Cr, Ni, Pt를 사용한 초고집적 소자의 금속배선 공정에서도 나타난다. 따라서, 물리증착 방식의 금속배선 공정을 개선하는 기술의 개발이 필요하다.Since copper (Cu) has a small atom size and a high chemical affinity, it easily oxidizes and easily diffuses into a silicon substrate or an oxide film, thereby greatly degrading device characteristics. Next-generation ultra-high density devices, which are likely to use copper thin films, have very small design rules, and therefore, a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method having good step coverage during deposition of copper thin films should be used. However, the development of copper thin film deposition process technology is still easy to deposit a copper thin film using a physical vapor deposition (PVD) method, but the deposition of a copper thin film using a chemical vapor deposition method is not easy. This problem is not limited to copper metallization, but also occurs in the metallization process of ultra-high integration devices using Au, Ag, Co, Cr, Ni, and Pt. Therefore, there is a need for the development of a technique for improving the physical wiring metal wiring process.
본 발명은 금속배선의 산화 및 금속의 확산을 방지하며, 우수한 단차피복성을 제공하는 물리증착 방식을 사용한 반도체 장치의 금속배선 형성방법을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a method for forming metal wiring in a semiconductor device using a physical vapor deposition method that prevents oxidation of metal wiring and diffusion of metal and provides excellent step coverage.
도 1a 내지 도 1e는 본 발명의 일실시예에 따른 반도체 장치의 금속배선 형성 공정도.1A through 1E are diagrams illustrating a process of forming metal wirings in a semiconductor device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
* 도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명* Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings
10 : 기판 11 : BPSG막10
12 : CVD 산화막 13 : 장벽 금속막12 CVD
14 : 구리 박막 15 : 내산화막14 copper
본 발명으로부터 제공되는 반도체 장치의 금속배선 형성방법은 반도체 기판 상에 형성된 소정의 하부층 상에 식각 선택비를 가지는 제1 및 제2 층간 절연막을 차례로 형성하는 제1 단계; 상기 제2 층간 절연막 및 상기 제1 층간 절연막을 차례로 선택 식각하여 금속배선 형성 영역에 홈을 형성하되, 상기 제2 절연막 하부에 언더컷 부분을 형성하는 제2 단계; 전체구조 상부에 콜리메이티드 물리증착 방식을 사용하여 금속막을 증착하는 제3 단계; 전체구조 상부에 유기금속 화학기상증착 방식을 사용하여 상기 금속막의 산화 방지를 위한 내산화막을 형성하는 제4 단계; 및 에치백 공정을 실시하여 상기 홈 외부의 상기 내산화막 및 상기 금속막을 제거하며, 상기 홈 내부의 상기 금속막 상부에 상기 내산화막을 잔류시키는 제5 단계를 포함하여 이루어진다.The method for forming metal wirings of a semiconductor device provided by the present invention includes a first step of sequentially forming first and second interlayer insulating films having an etch selectivity on a predetermined lower layer formed on a semiconductor substrate; Forming a groove in the metal wiring formation region by sequentially etching the second interlayer insulating layer and the first interlayer insulating layer, and forming an undercut portion under the second insulating layer; Depositing a metal film on the entire structure by using a collimated physical vapor deposition method; A fourth step of forming an oxidation resistant film for preventing oxidation of the metal film by using an organometallic chemical vapor deposition method on the entire structure; And a fifth step of performing an etch back process to remove the oxidation resistant film and the metal film outside the groove, and to leave the oxidation resistant film on the metal film inside the groove.
이하, 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명을 상술한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
첨부된 도면 도 1a 내지 도 1e는 본 발명의 일실시예에 따른 금속배선 형성 공정을 도시한 것이다.1A to 1E illustrate a metal wiring forming process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
본 발명의 일실시예에 따른 공정은, 우선 도 1a에 도시된 바와 같이 소정의 하부층 공정을 마친 기판(10) 상에 층간 절연막인 BPSG(BoroPhospho Silicate Glass)막(11) 및 CVD 산화막(12)을 차례로 증착하고, CVD 산화막(12) 및 BPSG막(11)을 선택적으로 건식 식각하여 이후 금속배선이 배치될 부분에 홈을 형성한다. 이때, 홈의 선폭은 이후 형성될 금속배선의 선폭을 고려하여 결정한다.According to an embodiment of the present invention, first, as illustrated in FIG. 1A, a BPSG (BoroPhospho Silicate Glass)
다음으로, 도 1b에 도시된 바와 같이 불산(HF) 용액 또는 BOE(buffered Oxide Etchant)를 사용하여 습식 식각을 수행하여 CVD 산화막(12) 하부에 언더컷(undercut) 부분을 형성한다. 이때, 습식 식각을 수행하면 CVD 산화막(12)에 비해 불순물을 포함하고 있는 BPSG막(11)에 대한 식각 선택비가 높기 때문에 언더컷 부분을 형성할 수 있게 된다. 이는 후속 콜리메이티드 물리증착(collimated PVD) 방식을 사용한 장벽 금속막과 구리 박막 증착이 홈의 내부에서 측벽과 간격을 두고 이루어지도록 하기 위한 것이다.Next, as shown in FIG. 1B, wet etching is performed using a hydrofluoric acid (HF) solution or a buffered oxide etch (BOE) to form an undercut portion under the
이어서, 도 1c에 도시된 바와 같이 콜리메이티드 물리증착(collimated PVD) 방식을 사용하여 장벽 금속막(13)과 구리 박막(14)을 증착한다. 콜리메이티드 물리증착 방식을 사용하면 증착 입자의 직진성이 확보되어 홈의 내부에서는 장벽 금속막(13)과 구리 박막(14)이 측벽과 이격되어 형성되도록 할 수 있다. 여기서, 장벽 금속막(13)으로는 TiN, CoN, Cr, CrN, W, WN, Cr 등이 사용될 수 있다. 이때, 홈 내부에서의 구리 박막(14)의 높이는 BPSG막(11)의 높이 보다 낮게 형성되도록 조절한다. 이는 후속 내산화막 형성시 구리 박막(14) 표면의 피복이 용이하도록 하기 위함이다.Subsequently, the
계속하여, 도 1d에 도시된 바와 같이 전체구조 상부에 유기금속 화학기상증착(MOCVD; Metal Organic CVD) 방식을 사용하여 금속배선의 산화를 방지하기 위한 내산화막(15)을 증착한다. 이때, 내산화막(15)은 전체구조를 덮도록 충분한 두께로 형성하며, 현재 유기금속 화학기상증착 공정이 개발되어 있고 구리에 대한 내산화성이 있는 물질인 TiN, TaN, W, SiON, CrN, WN, Mo, MoN 등을 사용할 수 있다.Subsequently, as illustrated in FIG. 1D, an oxidation
다음으로, 도 1e에 도시된 바와 같이 화학·기계적 연마(CMP; Chemical Mechanical Polishing) 공정을 실시하여 홈 외부의 구리 박막(14) 및 장벽 금속막(13)을 제거한다. 이때, 화학·기계적 연마 공정은 CVD 산화막(12)의 일부가 잔류되도록 타겟을 설정하며, 일반적인 에치백 공정으로 대체할 수 있다.Next, as illustrated in FIG. 1E, a chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process is performed to remove the copper
상기한 바와 같이 본 발명은 물리증착 방식의 금속 증착 공정을 사용하여 화학기상증착 방식의 금속배선 형성시와 같은 효과를 얻을 수 있다. 즉, 상기와 공정을 통해 장벽 금속막(13) 및 내산화막(15)이 홈 내부에 형성된 구리 박막(14)의 표면을 싸고 있는 구조의 금속배선을 형성함으로써 금속배선의 산화를 방지하고, 금속이 주변의 실리콘 기판이나 층간 절연막으로 확산되는 것을 방지할 수 있다.As described above, the present invention can obtain the same effect as the formation of the chemical vapor deposition metal wiring using the physical vapor deposition metal deposition process. That is, through the above process and the
상술한 본 발명의 일실시예에서 언더컷 부분을 가진 홈을 형성하기 위한 건식 및 습식 식각을 단 한번의 건식 식각으로 대체할 수 있다. 이러한 공정은 건식 식각에 대한 두 층간 절연막간의 식각 선택비를 조절함으로써 가능하다.In the above-described embodiment of the present invention, dry and wet etching for forming a groove having an undercut portion may be replaced by only one dry etching. This process is possible by adjusting the etch selectivity between the two interlayer dielectrics for dry etching.
상술한 본 발명의 실시예는 구리 금속배선을 일례로 들어 설명하였으나, 본 발명은 Au, Ag, Co, Cr, Ni, Pt등 콜리메이티드 PVD 공정이 가능한 다른 금속을 사용한 금속배선 형성시에도 적용할 수 있다. 또한, 실시예에서는 층간 절연막으로서 BPSG막 및 CVD 산화막을 일례로 들어 설명하였으나, 본 발명은 식각 선택비를 가진 다른 층간 절연막을 짝지워서 사용할 경우에도 적용할 수 있다.Although the above-described embodiment of the present invention has been described by taking copper metal wiring as an example, the present invention is also applicable to the formation of metal wirings using other metals capable of collimated PVD processes such as Au, Ag, Co, Cr, Ni, and Pt. can do. In the embodiment, the BPSG film and the CVD oxide film are described as examples of the interlayer insulating film. However, the present invention can be applied to a case where other interlayer insulating films having an etching selectivity are used in pairs.
이상에서 설명한 본 발명은 전술한 실시예 및 첨부된 도면에 의해 한정되는 것이 아니고, 본 발명의 기술적 사상을 벗어나지 않는 범위 내에서 여러 가지 치환, 변형 및 변경이 가능하다는 것이 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 있어 명백할 것이다.The present invention described above is not limited to the above-described embodiments and the accompanying drawings, and various substitutions, modifications, and changes can be made in the art without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. It will be apparent to those of ordinary knowledge.
이상에서와 같이 구리(Cu)를 비롯한 Au, Ag, Co, Cr, Ni, Pt를 금속배선 재료로 사용한 안정된 금속배선 공정을 제공함으로써 전기 전도도, 전자 이주(electromigration) 및 스트레스 이주(stressmigration) 특성 등을 개선하여 반도체 장치의 신뢰성을 향상시킬 수 있다.As described above, by providing a stable metallization process using Au, Ag, Co, Cr, Ni, Pt including copper (Cu) as a metallization material, electrical conductivity, electron migration, stress migration characteristics, etc. By improving the reliability of the semiconductor device can be improved.
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