KR100237346B1 - Earth anchor and construction method in situ. - Google Patents

Abstract

The underground structure is fixed using the temporary anchors, but it cannot be removed from the tension member (pc steel wire), which is a problem of civil complaints after construction.

The present invention is to evenly distribute the binding cones in the center and the periphery of the cylinder to pull or vibrate the central binding cone to break the entire support structure while destroying the central material in the center so that the cones bound to the tension member can be removed and removed. By doing so, it is possible to easily remove the tension of the used PC steel wire to the ground.

Therefore, the number of temporary anchor constructions can be greatly reduced, as there are no civil complaints or other property infringement of private property rights after construction, which is effective in reducing construction costs and reducing air.

Description

Removable pour anchor and temporary ground anchor construction method

1 is an exploded perspective view of the present invention of the present inventors.

2 is an exploded perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the anchor body of the present invention is installed.

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional structure of the anchor body of the present invention assembled.

Figure 5 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the cylinder portion of the anchor body of the present invention.

Figure 6 (a) (b) is a perspective view illustrating the assembly and disassembly of the binding cone portion of the present invention.

7 to 9 are cross-sectional structural diagrams showing the dismantling process of the anchor body.

10 is a cross-sectional structural view showing that the anchor body is decomposed after being fixed with a tensile material or the like.

11 to 13 are plan views showing yet another embodiment of the anchor body of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a view corresponding to FIG. 10 showing another embodiment.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1 cylinder 2 pressure taper cone

3: spacer 4: binding taper cone

5: tension member 6: cap

7: anchor body 10: cylinder

11: center through hole 11a: lower groove

11b: projection 12: external hole

13: top surface 13a: upper ridge

13b: bolt hole 14: center fractionation surface

15: cylinder inner wall 16: spherical groove

17: screw portion 18: uneven portion

19: Ring groove 20: Anchor dismantling cone for dismantling the anchor

20 ': anchor tension cone 20a, 20b, 20c: cone piece

21: elastic ring 22: cutout

23: tension material insertion hole 24: friction surface

30: spacer 30a, 30b, 30c: contact surface

31: core material 32: core material divider

33: central repartition 34: central repartition

40: upper cover 41: lower cover

42: bolt 43: guider tube

45: guide 50: cap

51: screw portion 52: space portion

60: ground 61: excavator

62: base 63: bracket

64: packer 65: spacer

66: Shizukan 67: partition plate body

W: Anchor dismantling W ': Anchor tension

68: mortar injection hose

The present invention relates to an anchor construction method using temporary and temporary foundation anchors that can be easily dismantled and removed after installation of the anchor anchoring method after construction of the anchoring method in the construction of underground continuous walls in construction and civil construction work. .

In general, permanent ground anchors are anchors installed in groundwater leachates, slopes, earthquakes, etc. to prevent the movement or distortion of structures and constructions.The underground fixed structures to be removed after construction are temporary ground anchors. The present invention relates to temporary ground anchors.

In the construction of underground structures of high-rise buildings, subways, and other large structures, H-beams are fixed vertically around the ground while increasing the depth of the underground, and the earth or water walls are formed using the large plaques. In this case, the earth pressure around the horizontally installed flat plate receives a pressure of several hundred tons as it enters the basement, and eventually causes the earthquake to collapse due to the earth wall being unable to withstand the pressure. In order to prevent the collapse of the earth wall, it is sometimes necessary to install a forced earth hole with a complex structure connecting both earth walls horizontally and vertically in the underground space excavated using a large H-beam. However, these forced supporters are obstacles to the smooth construction of construction equipment due to the structure of steel beams installed in the grid, and despite their usefulness such as deterioration of work efficiency, extension of construction period, and huge waste of steel, increase in construction cost. I have a lot of problems.

Underground continuous wall construction, another construction method, has the disadvantage that the surface of the wall is irregular and needs to be polished. In this case, it is also a pollution factor such as noise and dust. Therefore, the construction of the continuous wall by the anchor method is often adopted.

U.S. Patent No. 492178 allows pivoting a plurality of wing arms so that the arms in the excavating hole can be unfolded and anchored. In U.S. Patent No. 4832535, the soil is drilled to a certain diameter while removing the soil inside the tube There is also provided a method of retaining the mortar in the anchor function, but since the formed anchor tension material remains as it is, the seriousness may be a problem after the completion of construction.

The removable anchors provided in Japanese Patent Publications No. 3-77891 and No. 2-5206 are embedded with a removable core in the center of the excavating hole and anchored by integrating various types of tension retightening structures around the spacer. The removal of the center core provides a method to remove the tension member by breaking the fastening structure between the spacer and the tension member fastening structure. However, since the bond between the spacer and the tension member fastening structure cannot be maintained strongly around the center core, it is dismantled naturally after installation and loses its function. Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-77891 has a core material with a tapered cone portion and is located around it. The tension member is composed of a tension member that allows the tip to fit into the tension member groove of the paper cone portion, and a joint member positioned between each side of the taper cone portion. It is extruded in the hole and released from the restraint of the grout material so that the anchor can be removed. In addition, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2-5206 also consists of an unbonded core material, a spacer formed by a plurality of commas to be disassembled when the core material is removed, and a core material placed in the core and the spacer outer periphery. When removed, the spacer collapsed to remove the tension material bound to it.

However, in this case, the tension member is attached to only one side wall of the spacer, so it is not enough to pull out the tension member to withstand the transverse pressure, and the assembly is maintained even if the anchor bodies are assembled to insert these anchor bodies in the excavation hole. The process of inserting into an excavation hole is not a matter of course, and thus it is bonded to the surrounding mortar and integrated so that it is not well separated and thus remains in a theoretical design that cannot be applied at the actual construction site.

The present inventors have improved the above disadvantages by inserting the pressure taper cone (2) divided into the cylinder (1), and after inserting the spacer (3), which is also multi-divided therein, the binding taper cone which binds the tension member (5) ( 4) After inserting and fixing the cap 6, the tension member was strongly tensioned to exert an anchor function, and then an anchor body was developed to allow the anchor body to be dismantled by vibration (Korean Patent Application No. 93-17615). (Figure 1). However, it is pointed out that the above-mentioned anchor body is also anchored by the anchor body for each unit, so that the bundle is entangled or the vibration load for the vibration force load for dismantling is too large, so that it cannot be dismantled to a desired level.

In order to improve the above shortcomings, the present inventors dismantled the anchor anchor tension cones in the center of the conical center material and arranged spacers along the outer circumferential surface thereof, and then integrated the anchor tension tension cones in a tight arrangement. Possible anchor bodies were developed (Korean Patent Application No. 93-7616) (FIG. 2).

Therefore, if you remove only the tension anchoring cone for dismantling the anchor in the center, the support structure is dismantled because the spacer collapses to the inside due to the tension, so the surrounding anchor body tension tensioning cone is vibrated or tensioned to release the fastening force of the binding cone. Tensile material can be easily removed from the ground. One embodiment of the present inventors disassembleable anchor is as shown in the perspective view of FIG.

Cylindrical cylinder 10 of the present invention forms a plurality of outer cylinders 12 radially disposed about the central aperture 11 in the central partition surface 14, the central aperture 11 and the outer aperture ( 12) to have a difference as much as the height (d), from the top surface 13 to the central partition surface 14 anchor a plurality of spherical grooves 16 through which the binding cones can be fitted along the inner circumference wall 15. The tension tension tensioning cone was formed as many as the number of cones, and from the central fractional surface 14 to the lower portion 13c, they were left hollow, and the threaded portion 17 or the frictional rubber ring on the side of the cylinder outer circumference. It was interposed.

Anchor dismantling cone 20 for anchor dismantling of the present invention and anchor tensioning reinforcing cone 20 'for anchor tension is formed in the inner peripheral surface of the hollow portion 18 as shown in Fig. A ring groove 19 is formed on the side of the wide upper side so that the bundled cutting pieces 20a, 20b, and 20c face each other by the elastic ring 21 being inserted into the groove. It is integrated to maintain the cone shape.

The diameter of the inner tensile inserting hole 23 of the binding cones is slightly smaller than the diameter of the tension member to make the airtightness more secure during assembly. The spherical groove 16 is a tapered structure with an inclination toward the center fractional surface.

The anchor dismantling cone for anchor dismantling cone of the present invention and the tension tension member for anchor tension are same in size and width, but are efficient in terms of production and use, but if necessary, they can change strength and assemblability by different sizes. However, there is no difference that the multi-divided body is integrated with each other by the elastic ring 21.

Since the spacer 30 of the present invention is in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the center member and simultaneously with the outer circumferential surface of the tension member binding cones 20 ', as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the contact surfaces 30a, 30b, 30c are circular. It is possible to make a close contact when assembling, but if necessary, it can be configured as a simple bar or polyhedral structure to support two or more binding cones and to maintain the distance between the binding cone and the center member. It is also possible (FIGS. 11 and 3). Spacer 30 may have a suitable thickness difference according to the friction coefficient as shown in the cross-sectional structure, and in the present invention, when the upper portion is in contact with the central material 13 in a thicker relationship than the lower portion to make a vertical.

As shown in FIG. 2, the center member 31 of the present invention has a diameter of the lower surface of the center member 31 so as to be placed on a projection 11b such as a snap ring inserted into the lower groove 11a of the central hole 11 of the cylinder. While forming a little narrower than (11) to make the top surface narrow to make acute angle with the plane from the top to the bottom, and the incision (35) was formed to be hung by the central material divider (32) during tension.

Tensile material used in the present invention is usually wire, or PC steel wires are fitted into the interior of the binding cone 20, the assembling portion 18 of the inner circumferential surface of the binding cone is easily tightened to the rigid surface by the pressing force of the elastic ring 21 during assembly. It was not allowed to escape.

In addition, two or more bolt holes 13b are formed in the upper surface 13a of the skirt portion of the cylinder 10 of the present invention, and bolt holes 13b are formed in the lower part 13c, so that the diameter of the tension members The slightly larger diameter of the plurality of guide holes 13 were formed so that the upper cover 40 and the lower cover 41 formed so as to correspond to the respective cone cone numbers can be disassembled with a conventional bolt 42.

In the present invention, the guide holes formed in the lower cover 41 may be formed to guide the outer projecting guider tube 43 to induce a more stable disassembly assembly action.

The cap 50 of the present invention has a space 52 to the extent that the fastening cones 20 can sufficiently flow therein, and the threaded portion 17 of the cylinder 10 is formed by forming a threaded portion 51 around the inner side of the cap inlet. ) And the screw can be tightened.

As another example of the present invention, the cap may be fixed by attaching a ring of friction material instead of the screw portion. That is, a ring groove is formed in the upper inner circumferential side of the cap and the upper outer circumferential side of the cylinder, and a ring having excellent friction characteristics is inserted therein, and then the cap and the cylinder are fastened by combining a known lid to form a necessary anchor structure. will be.

The process of installing and dismantling temporary ground anchors based on the above structural features will be explained.

1. Excavation Process

An excavation hole 61 having a predetermined length is formed in the ground 60 using a cutting air or the like by using a casing pipe.

2. Anchor body assembly process

The end of each tension member w is fitted into the binding cones 20 of the present inventors, and then the center member 31 is placed on the projection 11b at the lower side of the central hole 11 and the inner portion of the center member. The tension member binding cone 20 for dismantling the anchor body into which the tension member W is fitted is inserted. The spacers 30 contact the boundary between the outer hole 12 and the central hole 11 in accordance with the number of the spherical grooves 16 along the outer circumferential wall of the center material 31, and the contact surface 30c is the center material 31. Since the insertion space of the anchor tension tensioning material binding cones 20 'is formed along the radially arranged outer cylinder hole 12 so as to lean against the outer circumferential wall of the tension member, the ends of the binding material are combined with the binding cones ( w ') penetrates through the outer hole 12 to be pulled out into the lower part of the cylinder.

In this state, the upper cover is fastened and assembled to expose a portion of the tension members W and W 'of each binding cone 20 by using the bolts 42, and the lower cover 41 is provided with tension members w, respectively. After penetrating and tightening with bolts 42, the threaded portion 51 and the cylinder screw portion of the cap 50 are screwed together to form a stable anchor body.

3. Anchor body insertion fixing process

The anchor body assembled in the second step is pushed to the bottom of the excavation hole 61 in the first step, so that the tension member w (w ') is not entangled with the packer 64 and the spacer 65, and the siege pipe 66 ) Wrap the tension members. Ordinary grouting is carried out to seal the excavation hole (61) to fix the anchor body.

4. Tension Anchor Process

After fixing the pedestal 62 to the diaphragm body 67, the end of the drawn anchor tension tension tensioning cone 20 'is made to be a strong fastening fixation as a bracket to the pedestal 62.

5. Anchor dismantling process

Pulling the anchor member dismantling tension member W from the anchor member dismantling cone (20) for dismantling the anchor body inserted into the central member with a strong force, the protrusion (11b) is destroyed because it can not withstand the pressure of the center member (31) FIG. 7), the center member 31 pulled in the tensile direction, the tension member binding cone 20 for dismantling the anchor body, and the tension member (w) bitten by it collide with the upper end of the center material divider 32 while being pulled with a strong force and speed. The undivided portion 34 of the core material is split by the number divided by the wedge action of the upper portion of the center material divider 32 (Figs. 8 and 9). Thus it collides with the upper end of the center material divider 32, and eventually the dismantle anchor tension member binding cone 29 is dismantled from the tension member W, and only the tension member W is removed from the ground through the siege tube 66. At that moment, the anchor tension tensioning cones 20 ', which are tensioned with tens of tons of force at thousands of kilos, are directed toward the center as the center material 31, which was providing drag, collapses. At this time, the lower portion of the binding cones 20 is caught by the outer hole 12 or the other stop ring 12a as shown in FIG. 8 while being vibrated (or tensioned) by the tension member by vibrating the vibrator. Therefore, when the tension member (w ') is drawn out, it is discharged to the ground through the siege tube (FIG. 10).

As described above, the dismantleable anchor body of the present invention is easy to assemble, and after assembly, regardless of the surrounding mortar, it is possible to completely pull out the tension member to the ground by disassembling the binding cone, and thus, it is possible to secure construction stability greatly by providing accurate tensile force. It is.

Furthermore, since the tension can be tens to tens of times higher than that of the conventional anchor body, the number of excavated holes per unit area can be greatly reduced, and the construction cost reduction effect is also great.

Claims (5)

Perforations are formed on the central partition surface 14 by forming a plurality of outer through holes 12 radially around the central through hole 11, and the height d between the central through holes 11 and the outer through holes 12. A plurality of spherical grooves 16 into which the binding cones can be fitted along the inner circumferential wall 15 from the uppermost surface 13 to the central partition surface 14 are anchor tension tension binding cones 20 '. It is formed by the number of, the hollow portion from the center fractional surface 14 to the lower portion (13c), the cylinder 10 for forming a screw portion 17 on the upper side of the outer circumference of the cylinder; Concave-convex portion 18 was formed on the inner circumferential surface of the conical hollow part without a tap, and a ring groove 19 was formed on the side of the upper side having a wide diameter so that the elastic ring 21 was inserted into the bundle cone pieces. 20a, 20b, and 20c, the anchor disengagement tensioning cones 20 and anchor tensioning tensioning cones 20 ', which are integrally opposed to the cutout portions 12 and configured in a conical shape; Contact surfaces 30a, 30b and 30c in contact with the outer circumferential surfaces of the tension rebound cones 20 'are configured in a circular shape, and the thicknesses of the upper and lower portions of the polyhedral spacer 30 are set according to the friction difference; The lower surface diameter is slightly smaller than the central through hole 11 while the upper portion is narrowed so that the outer circumferential tangent forms an acute angle with the plane, and the incision portion 35 is formed to form a plurality of undivided portions 34. A center member 31 of a conical structure having no stems; An upper cover 40 having a plurality of guide holes 13 having a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the tension member radially perforated in the center and the periphery thereof to correspond to the number of the respective cones of cones, and having bolt fastening holes; A plurality of guide holes 45, a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the tension member, are radially drilled in the center and its circumference corresponding to the number of the respective binding cones, there are bolting holes, and the externally protruding tension member is Ether. A lower cover 41 which protrudes the center re-divider 32 so that the tube 43 is protruded on one side and faces the hollow portion of the center material at the center of the upper surface thereof; Dismountable temporary anchor anchor body consisting of a cap 50 for forming a threaded portion 51 on the inner periphery of the lower opening of the fastening cones have a space 52 through which rotation can flow. The disassembleable hypothesis according to claim 1, wherein two or more bolt holes (13b) are formed in the upper surface (13a) of the upper skirt portion of the cylinder (10), and a plurality of bolt holes are also formed in the lower ridge portion (13 ') of the heart skirt portion. Ground anchor type. The dismountable temporary anchor anchor according to claim 1, wherein the tensioning material binding cones are for anchor tension and anchor dismantling, and their sizes and diameters are the same or different, and are divided into at least two pieces. The disassembleable temporary anchor anchor body according to claim 1, wherein the internal hollow portion diameter of the tension rebound cone is slightly smaller than the diameter of the tension member. An excavation step of forming an excavation hole having a predetermined length in the ground 60 by using a casing pipe or the like; The center member 31 which binds the end of the tension member W (W ') to the inner hole of the tension member binding cones 20 and 20', and is placed on the projection 11b below the center hole u of the cylinder. The above-mentioned tension rebound binding cones 20 are inserted and fixed in the inner hollow, and the spacers 30 are aligned at the boundary between the outer and central holes in accordance with the number of the spherical grooves 16 along the outer circumferential wall of the center member 31. The bottom surface is contacted and the contact surface 30c is disposed so as to contact the outer circumferential wall of the center material 31, and then the tension material binding cones are inserted through the outer holes 12 by binding the tension member w to the anchor tensioning member binding cone. Anchor assembly process for fastening the upper cover 40 and the lower cover 41 to fit and cover the cap 50; The assembled anchor body is pushed to the lowest surface of the excavation hole 61, and then fixed through the siege tube 66 so that the tension members w are not entangled with the packer 64 and the spacer 65. Anchor body fixing step of curing by performing grouting operation; Anchor tensioning process of fixing the pedestal 62 to the diaphragm body 67 and then pulling the tension material w out of the anchor tensioning tension binding binder of the tension member exposed to the ground and fastening and fastening it to the pedestal; Only the tension exposing tension member (W ') of the ground exposed tension member is drawn to the strength that the protrusion of the lower part of the center through the cylinder is broken so that the core material is separated from the cylinder. Temporary ground anchoring method consisting of an anchor dismantling process that pulls the tension member to the ground, and then draws the tension member (W) to the ground in the tension tensioner cone for the anchor tension around the structure is destroyed.