JPS6362615B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a roof tile integrally formed with a collector for absorbing solar heat.

Conventional devices that utilize solar heat include solar water heaters and devices that house heat pipes in box-shaped collectors. All of these were separate boxes placed on the roof, and the roof tiles and roof base did not need the strength to support them, and they had the disadvantage of being bulky and unsightly. .

An object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks and provide a building material with improved heat absorption effect, heat insulation properties, and workability by integrally bonding a heat pipe to a tile body.

In order to achieve the above object, the configuration of the present invention is as follows. That is, a heat insulating material layer having a rectangular shape in plan view, which is made up of a surface heat insulating material layer formed of an inorganic heat insulating material and a back heat insulating material layer formed of an organic heat insulating material, and an outer periphery on the surface side of the surface heat insulating material layer. A tile consisting of a heat pipe buried with a part of the heat pipe exposed, and a highly thermally conductive metal plate fixed to the surface of the surface insulation layer so as to be in contact with the exposed part of the heat pipe. The heat pipe is arranged so that when the tile is placed on the roof, the ridge side serves as a cooling section and the eaves side serves as a heating section.

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

In FIGS. 1 to 3, rectangular flat tiles are arranged in a staggered arrangement and are constructed as follows.
That is, the heat insulating main body 1 is formed into a rectangular flat plate by integrally joining an inorganic heat insulating material 11 made of glass fiber or rock wool on the surface layer and a synthetic resin foam heat insulating material 12 on the back side. The inorganic heat insulating material 11 forming the surface layer has a plurality of heat pipes 2 made of a material such as copper, aluminum, or iron that is a good thermal conductor and has high corrosion resistance. It is buried in an exposed state.

A front positioning step 13 is provided on the lower surface of the front part of the main body to protrude downward along its front edge, and a rear positioning step 13 is provided on the upper surface of the rear part of the main body along the rear edge at the same height as the step 13. A stepped portion 14 is provided to protrude upward. On the upper surface of the rear positioning step portion 14, there are a plurality of (4) circular recesses 14a along the lateral direction of the tile, through which the rear ends of the heat pipes 2 described later are exposed.
They are placed at equal intervals.

On the surface of the main body 1, a plurality of heat pipes 2 are arranged parallel to the tiles at regular intervals along the roof inclination direction. Moreover, these heat pipes 2 are provided in symmetrical positions with respect to the center line along the roof inclination direction of the tiles, and are arranged with the heating part on the lower side and the cooling part on the upper side. The distal end portion 21 of the heating section is bent toward the back side of the main body 1, and the distal end protrudes downward from the back surface above the front positioning step section 13 along the rear roof slope. The distal end portion 22 is bent toward the front side of the main body 1, recessed halfway into the rear positioning step portion 14, and exposed at the bottom of the recess 14a.

Water and ammonia are used as heat media in heat pipes.

The surface side of the heat pipe 2 is covered with a metal plate 3 having excellent thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance, such as copper or stainless steel, in contact with the upper surface of the outer periphery of the heat pipe 2, except for the rear positioning step portion 14, It is fixed to the heat insulating main body 1 via an adhesive layer 4.

As shown in Figure 1, the above-mentioned roof tiles are laid in the conventional way. First, a plurality of tiles in the lower row are placed adjacent to each other in a horizontal straight line, and then the tiles in the upper row are placed in a row with 1/2 of the horizontal length. They are also arranged horizontally in a straight line, shifted by a certain amount. At this time, as shown in FIG. 2, the lower tile and the upper tile are connected to each other by the rear positioning step 14 and the front positioning step 13 being engaged with the tile, so that the heat pipe heating section of the upper row tile is heated. Downward protruding tip 21
The tip of the tile is inserted into the recess 14a of the lower row tile and comes into contact with the tip of the upwardly bent tip 22 of the cooling section of that tile. When the lower row and upper row tiles are stacked one on top of the other in this way, the circular recess 14a, which is the tip contact portion of the heat pipe 2, is filled with a thermally conductive adhesive mixed with an easily melted metal such as solder or metal powder. A connecting material 5 made of, for example, is filled to ensure heat conduction.

A long hot water storage tank (not shown) is installed above the ridge of the roof (not shown), and the cooling section of the heat pipe of the roof tile is connected to it. Therefore, during the daytime when the water is exposed to solar heat, the hot water storage tank is at its lowest temperature, and then the roof tiles become hotter as you move down. Therefore, a slight temperature difference will occur between the heating section and the cooling section within the heat pipe in the lowermost roof tile. Therefore, due to the heat received by the lowest tile, the heat medium condensed at the lower end of the heat pipe evaporates and rises, reaching the cooling section at the upper end, where it reaches the heating section of the heat pipe of the upper tile. give heat to. As a result, the vapor condenses into liquid, which, under the influence of gravity and according to the height difference caused by the slope of the roof, passes through the wick and returns to the lower end. Then, the above action is repeated again, and the heat from the lower row of tiles is transferred to the upper row of tiles in order. Thereafter, heat is sequentially transferred from the lower row tiles to the upper row tiles in the same manner, and finally the heat is transferred to the hot water storage tank.

Then, in the evening, when the sun's heat decreases,
When the tile cools and its temperature becomes lower than the water temperature in the hot water tank, the heat transfer medium in the heat pipe 2 remains in a liquid state at the lower end due to gravity and capillary action in the wick, and is removed from the hot water tank. Heat does not flow backwards through the tiles.

When the metal plate 3 on the tile surface receives heat, it receives heat over the entire area of the tile, and this heat is conducted to the heat pipe 2, thereby helping the pipe receive heat, but it is not directly connected to the hot water tank. Therefore, the heat inside the hot water tank is not taken away at night.

In addition to the above-mentioned embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the heat pipe 2 has only a part of its lower half buried in an inorganic heat insulating material 11, and its upper half has a metal plate 3 in a ridged state. Extrusion contact may also be used. According to this structure, the contact area between the heat pipe 2 and the metal plate 3 covering the surface of the heat pipe is large, and the solar heat absorption effect is high. In addition, as shown in these figures, when the front and rear positioning steps are not provided, the circular recess is provided on the lower surface side of the upper row tile, and the upward bend of the heat pipe cooling part of the lower row tile is provided. The tip portion 22 is inserted into the upper row of roof tiles protruding from the roof tile, and comes into contact with the lower end of the downwardly bent tip portion 21 of the heat pipe cooling section of the upper row of tiles.

FIG. 6 shows a third embodiment. In this example, the tile does not have front and rear stepped sections, and the cooling section of the heat pipe of the lower tile protrudes upward in a bent manner to warm the heating section of the upper tile via a heat conductive connecting agent. . In addition, in the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the heating part of the heat pipe of the upper tile is bent downward and protrudes, and the heat pipe is heated by the heat pipe cooling part of the lower tile provided below through a heat conductive connecting agent. be done. Furthermore, in the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 8, a stepped portion 13 is formed on the back surface of the upper layer tile on the upper side along the roof slope of the lower layer tile, and a heat pipe heating section bent and fitted in this step is connected with a good thermal conductor. It is heated by the cooling part of the lower layer heat pipe protruding from the rear end surface of the lower layer tile through the agent.

In the third and fifth embodiments of the roof tile described above, a recess 5b to be filled with the thermally conductive connecting agent 5 is provided in the upper layer of the tile and in the fourth embodiment on the lower layer side.

Further, FIG. 9 shows a sixth embodiment, in which the tip of the heat pipe 2 is sunk into the tile without protruding from the outer surface of the tile, and at the connection part, the heat transfer metal is inserted into the connection hole 1a through the connection agent 5. The pieces 6 are housed across the upper and lower tiles.

Furthermore, FIG. 11 shows an embodiment of an outer wall in which a plurality of wall materials B are connected in the vertical direction. in this case,
Excluding the lowest wall material, the heat pipe tip heating section 32
a to protrude below the wall material. The upper cooling part 32b is sunk into the wall, and a circular recess 31 is formed in the wall material at the tip end of the upper cooling part 32b.
c is formed. When joining the upper and lower wall materials, the heat pipe heating section 32a of the upper wall material is
and the heat pipe cooling section 32b of the lower wall material are connected within the circular recess 31c via a connecting agent 35 with a slight gap.

FIG. 10 shows an embodiment in which a heat pipe is manufactured integrally with a flat fin, and is manufactured as follows. That is, two flat plate materials 341 made of copper plates, iron plates, aluminum plates, etc. are stacked, and a mold release agent is applied to the heat pipe 321 forming area between these two flat plate materials, and a flat plate part 322 forming part that becomes a fin is applied between these two flat plate materials. Adhesive is applied to and crimped. And the hollow part 3
21 is integrally molded by blowing high-pressure air into the part where it is formed and by pressing the mold while inflating the part. A predetermined pipe is inserted into one open end of the heat pipe 321, and then the heat pipe 321 is sealed. Flat fin 32
2 receives heat over the entire area of the tile B, and this heat is conducted to the heat pipe 321, thereby helping the pipe to receive heat.

As described above, the present invention has a metal plate fixed so as to be in contact with the exposed part of the heat pipe buried with a part of the outer peripheral part exposed on the surface side of the heat insulating material layer, so that the heat collecting effect is high. It has excellent insulation properties, and once heat is absorbed, it is extremely unlikely to dissipate. Moreover,
By using an inexpensive but low heat resistant organic heat insulating material and using a highly heat resistant inorganic heat insulating material on the surface, a highly heat resistant exterior wall material can be obtained at a low cost. Furthermore, since there is no need to place a heavy water heater or the like on the roof, the roof does not require special strength and does not spoil its aesthetic appearance.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a top plan view of a tile roof showing one embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a -sectional view of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a -sectional view of Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is another embodiment. FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a roof showing an example. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 4. FIG. 6, FIG. 7, FIG. is a sectional view of still another embodiment. A...Tile, 1...Insulating body, 11...Inorganic heat insulating material, 2...Heat pipe, 3...Metal plate, 4...
...adhesive layer, 5...connecting material.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A heat insulating material layer having a rectangular shape in plan view, which integrates a surface heat insulating material layer formed of an inorganic heat insulating material and a back heat insulating material layer formed of an organic heat insulating material, and an outer peripheral portion on the surface side of the surface heat insulating material layer. A tile consisting of a heat pipe buried with a part exposed, and a highly thermally conductive metal plate fixed to the surface of the surface insulation layer so as to be in contact with the exposed part of the heat pipe. The heat pipe is arranged so that when the tile is placed on a roof, the ridge side serves as a cooling section and the eaves side serves as a heating section.