JPS633590B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for handling fluid low-viscosity and high-viscosity media, especially microbial fermentation cultures.

"Handling of fluid media" here means, in particular, the mixing (homogenization), elevating (pumping), dispersion or atomization of such media into the gas phase, diffusion, extraction, drying and, for example, the handling of microorganisms in the liquid depths. Used to include cultivation.

The apparatus of the present invention can perform each of the above-mentioned functions individually, or can perform a plurality of the above-mentioned functions simultaneously (for example, in the case of a fermentation apparatus).

With the apparatus of the invention it is possible to handle in particular Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquids, solid bulk materials and gases in admixture with media containing solids such as liquid phases or fibrous particles, and the like.

Mixing devices for liquid media are known and can be divided into mixing devices for Newtonian liquids and mixing devices for non-Newtonian liquids (gels and pastes) depending on the consistency of the medium to be handled.

Mixing (diffusion, fluidization) of liquid or solid bulk materials with gases, or dispersion or emulsification of different liquid phases, likewise takes place with the devices described.

Different mixing devices are used depending on the purpose.

There are essentially two types of mixers: high-speed agitators and low-speed agitators. High speed stirrers are used to handle low viscosity media and provide good dispersion. However, this stirrer cannot be used for highly viscous liquids. Only low speed agitators such as horseshoe agitators, band agitators, course agitators and the like may be used for handling highly viscous liquids.
However, due to the low speed stirring, complete dispersion is not guaranteed by any of these devices.

Neither type of stirrer is suitable for use in fermentations where the density of the medium changes over the course of the fermentation.

Optimum conditions for perfect fermentation cannot be achieved with conventional agitators. For example, it requires agitation of the culture and mixing of liquid, gas and solid phases, and the fermentation broth usually has a low consistency at the beginning of the fermentation and often has a muddy gel character at the end of the fermentation. This is the case in the production of yeasts, antibiotics, alkaloids, polysaccharides and the like, such as those with

The use of conventional stirrers is likewise appropriate in chemical reactions, such as polymerization reactions, in which the liquid medium already has a high viscosity at the end of the reaction and cannot be further stirred with a conventional stirrer. Not.

The device of the invention for handling fluid low-viscosity and high-viscosity media, especially for microbial fermentation, makes it possible to eliminate some of the above-mentioned drawbacks. The device consists of a hollow rotor constituted by a cylinder and a bottom part and driven by a drive part, the bottom part being provided with at least one opening for taking in the medium from the container, and the rotor having a The rotor is driven at a speed that causes the media to be processed to move from one end of the rotor to the other. The bottom has an annular shape with one central inlet opening or a plurality of inlet openings located within the periphery of the bottom, preferably symmetrically around the central part of the bottom. The top of the hollow rotor is open without a lid or is provided with a lid, and the lid, the tube and possibly also the bottom are provided with a number of outlet openings. The outlet and inlet openings can be of various shapes and may include diffusers, nozzles, flow regulators, extensions for defoaming or foaming of the medium, or by means of these openings. Other extensions may be provided to adjust the amount and shape of the inflow and outflow of media as well as the flow.

One alternative device, which is particularly suitable for lifting and pumping fluid media, is an annular rotor with
It has one central opening as an inlet and an outlet for receiving and discharging a fluid medium into the rotor, these openings having a central opening for regulating the flow of the medium into and out of the rotor. Provide a diffuser.

Other devices of the invention are designed for mixing, which allows for interdiffusion and complete mixing. For example, when used in polymerization reactions, high conversion rates and increases in the molecular weight of the polymer can be achieved. This mechanical mixing device operates somewhat like a centrifugal pump, and in some systems dealing with fluid media these functions are combined,
Higher efficiency can be obtained.

The device of the invention serves not only as an independent mixing device, functioning only below the surface of the medium, but also as an independent pump for lifting certain fluid media, especially highly viscous media, and for this reason , it can replace conventional pumps with complex structure, low energy efficiency, and large hydrodynamic losses.

If it is desired to use the device as a mixing device, the rotor must be completely immersed or the lower part of the rotor must be partially immersed so that the bottom of the rotor is located in the fluid medium to be treated.

Inside the mixing vessel, both in the lower fluid part i.e. below the liquid level and above the liquid level, to create swirling and dispersion of the medium that ensures complete dispersion and diffusion of all components. It is advantageous to provide a baffle plate or other integrated means in the space below and/or above the medium level. The shaft of the hollow rotor is mounted on the framework, on the mixing vessel or on the fixed case of the hollow rotor.
A part of the fixed case of the hollow rotor is covered with a board,
It can also be a suction cage or other integrated elements.

Another device of the invention has a lower part of the hollow rotor surrounded by a fixed cover with a conduit for supplying the medium to the bottom of the hollow rotor, this part being immersed in the medium. This cover can be fixed to the framework of the device or to the mixing vessel, or it can be part of a fixed case that houses the hollow rotor.

In this case, there is no need to provide baffles or other built-in elements in the mixing vessel, on the framework or in the fixed case of the hollow rotor, and there is no central vortex in the vessel and there is no flow below the liquid level. The medium is not mixed, but only sucked in through a conduit fixed to the fixed cover for feeding the medium to the bottom of the rotor.

The device according to the invention for handling fluids, in particular viscous media, is based on two principles: bladeless mixing of various flowing media and bladeless pumping.
This device can simultaneously act on and process the fluid medium in various ways, for example homogenizing the medium and simultaneously pumping it upwards and distributing it fan-shaped in the gas phase. Alternatively, it is possible to simultaneously dry and cool the bulk material by lifting it up and dispersing it, ie by fluid technology or the like.

Said hollow rotor is the main element of many structural deformation devices, the construction principle itself is known and it can be used to handle all kinds of fluid media in different ways for different technical purposes and technical fields. This device can be utilized.

This hollow rotor has two main applications depending on which part of the rotor is in contact with the fluid medium.

In the first case, the fluid medium enters the rotating cylindrical rotor through an inlet opening in the bottom of the rotor, for example by means of a tangential diffuser, and an outlet in the central part of the lid by means of a diffuser similar to that described above. is discharged through the opening. The main function of the rotor is pumping, since in this case the medium, for example the acid, is only in contact with the inner wall of the cylindrical tube of the rotor. The acid entering at the bottom of the rotor rises by centrifugal force in an upward spiral to the rotor lid, from where it is discharged, for example by a tangential diffuser. In this case, the outer wall of the cylinder and bottom of the rotor does not come into contact with the medium, but only with, for example, the outside air.

In the second case, both the rotor barrel and possibly also the lid are in contact with the medium. In this case, the inner wall of the cylinder, the bottom and perhaps also the lid functions as a pump as in the first case, and the outer wall of said part of the rotor, by friction with the medium outside the rotor, acts as a mixing device. functions as

In this case, the hollow rotor must be at least partially immersed in the fluid medium. That is, the bottom with the inlet opening must be located below the level of the medium in the mixing vessel.

The hollow rotor is completely immersed in the medium, for example a liquid, and in this case operates as a conventional mixing device, the mixing taking place only below the liquid surface, or alternatively the rotor is only partially immersed and the rotor A part of it protrudes above the liquid surface. In this case, microbial fermentation, especially fermentation in aerobic culture, as well as chemical reactions and diffusion between liquid and gas phases,
Particularly suitable for polymerization reactions, extraction and similar applications. In these cases, all three main functions of the device of the invention (pumping action,
mixing and dispersion) are used.

The cross section of the hollow rotor is not circular but square,
If it is oval or triangular, or if the rotor tube is made of, for example, a corrugated plate or otherwise has a corrugated extension,
This creates a mixing effect. Above the liquid level, i.e. in the gas space, for example in air, such parts function as blowers, high draft fans, antifoam devices in biochemical processes and the like. The hollow rotor can also have various cross-sectional shapes, for example the immersed part can have a circular cross-section and the part above the liquid level can have a rectangular or similar shape, or vice versa.

For example, the outlet openings of the tube of the rotor, which serves as a mixing device, can be arranged in various configurations, for example with some rows of openings arranged below other rows of openings, or similar arrangements.

Dispersion characteristics (fan shape, cross shape, upward spiral shape, etc.)
can be varied by the shape and arrangement of the outlet opening.

The speed and amount of liquid discharged from the rotor are controlled by the rotation of the rotor, the diameter and height of the rotor, the size of the inlet opening, and the distance of the inlet opening from the level of the fermentation medium in the fermenter. can do.

By sealing the rotor with a lid and suitably reducing the outlet openings in the lid or in the rotor tube and possibly in the bottom of the rotor, the pressure and speed of dispersion of the medium can be increased.

The medium can be distributed upwardly through the outlet opening of the cover, laterally through the outlet opening of the tube and toward the bottom of the mixing vessel from the bottom.

In order to avoid the creation of central vortices in the culture medium in the container due to the friction of the rotor rotating in the center of the container, disturbance means are provided in the fermentation container, preferably along the periphery of the container, which means The generation of central vortices is thus avoided. Such disturbance means at the same time provide conditions for thorough mixing of the medium.

In the case of fermentation, the mixing of the fluids takes place in three working spaces in the fermentation vessel: both in the liquid (below the liquid level) and in the gaseous part above the liquid level. The liquid is sucked up from the first working space located in the liquid to be mixed into the second working space, ie the rotor. A central vortex is formed in the first working space, which is transformed into a local vortex by means of disturbance means, for example.
In the second space, mixing takes place due to the presence of centrifugal force that separates the liquid into heavy and light phases and brings them together again, and the liquid rises along an upward spiral flow, after which the liquid A third gas action space above the liquid surface is released in a fan-like manner, in which the liquid falls to the liquid surface in the form of droplets or flows along the fermentation vessel in the form of a thin liquid film into the liquid phase. return.

In the gas phase space where the culture medium is in the form of droplets, mist or thin film, effective contact between the liquid and gas phases takes place, regardless of the nature of the culture medium in the fermentation vessel. Maximum growth of cultured microorganisms is achieved, and also maximum growth is achieved below the liquid surface.

In any case, the performance of the system is influenced inter alia by the rotation of the rotor, its size, the size of the inlet and outlet openings, and the degree of immersion of the rotor below the liquid surface.

The fermentation apparatus of the invention further includes conventional equipment, such as other stirring devices (propellers and the like), antifoam devices, temperature regulators, thermometers, culture solution analysis devices such as PH meters, sampling tubes, It may be fitted with nutrient, O ₂ and CO ₂ metering devices and similar equipment.

The rotor can also be fitted with a mechanical defoaming device, for example a rod penetrating the wall of the cylinder below the rotor or an extension cover extending from the rotor to the gas phase above the liquid in the mixing vessel.

In the apparatus of this invention, the culture medium is completely recirculated within the fermentation apparatus regardless of the viscosity of the culture medium, so a large air-liquid contact area is ensured even with highly viscous liquids, and the fermentation liquid level of the culture liquid is Discharge into the space above (ie the gas phase) takes place and foaming in the space above the liquid level is automatically limited to the height of the discharge location. Another advantage is that the suction effect of the inlet opening of the rotor ensures the floating of the solid phase even in highly viscous culture media.

The rotor can be driven from below or from above, ie from the bottom or the lid of the fermenter.

The fermenter of this invention provides substantial energy savings (up to 30% savings) compared to conventional fermenters.
It can be performed.

Furthermore, compared to conventional fermenters where microbial cells simply grow in the mixed lower liquid phase,
The fermentation device according to the invention has the advantage that a large contact area is ensured, since the culture medium passes successively through the three working spaces which constitute the total volume of the fermentation device.

The device of the invention allows the gas phase (for example O ₂ ) to be completely dispersed into the culture liquid, which is already in the form of a gel or slurry, but still remains fluid in the gravitational field.

This allows sufficient uptake of enzymes by the growing cells of microorganisms (bacteria, yeast, sponges, algae and the like). This allows for shorter fermentation times and higher concentrations of the final product compared to similar equipment in common use.

Furthermore, it is possible to easily control the fermentation conditions depending on the stage of fermentation, and for example when using a blade stirrer or a turbine stirrer installed in the fermentation tank (e.g. in the production of antibiotics). Differently, it has the advantage of being able to mix microbial cells smoothly and avoid damaging these cells.

If only the pumping function of the device is required (the first case mentioned above), the bottom and the lid are annular with a central opening for supplying the rotor with the fluid medium and draining it from the rotor;
Preferably, this opening is equipped with a diffuser for adjusting the flow into and out of the rotor.

The hollow rotor of a bladeless pump is in the form of a low or high hollow cylinder with a vertical axis of rotation and a horizontal bottom.
It is essentially a rotating container with an opening. The shape of this container can be arbitrarily selected (conical, cylindrical, polygonal prism, or similar shapes), and the direction of the axis of rotation can also be arbitrarily selected (vertical, inclined, horizontal). .

The rotor has a similar function to the vane impeller of a conventional centrifugal pump. That is, the rotor functions to transfer mechanical energy to the medium being pumped. However, this function is based on a different principle from the hydrodynamic effect of the impeller blades enclosed in the fixed case of the pump.

The blades are open around their circumference, and mechanical energy is dissipated by friction on the solid inner walls of the pump case, turbulence along the blades, and fluid slippage between the case wall and the blades. However, the rotor of the present invention does not have such drawbacks.

In the device of the invention, a fluid medium, e.g. a liquid, is fed at zero angular velocity to the bottom of the hollow rotor.
The centrifugal force creates a rotating ring of liquid (a liquid parabola) whose height depends on the height of the rotor. The liquid ring is already formed by the liquid supplied to the bottom of the rotor due to centrifugal force. Even if the outer wall of the rotor cylinder is completely smooth (of course, this area should be roughened, extensions, grooves, etc.)
strips and the like), the liquid gains mechanical energy and an angular velocity depending on the rotation of the rotor cylinder.

In any case, the liquid ring creates an artificial, centrally rising vortex that builds up to the level of the fluid being pumped. The vortex streamlines form a stable upward fluid spiral. Due to the large centrifugal forces, virtually no losses are observed in this vortex, and there is no reduction in hydrodynamic efficiency due to turbulence, friction against fixed walls, unproductive vortices, and similar phenomena. . This is the natural operating state. The central vortex flow in the form of a ring of fluid is completely symmetrical and regular, and this flow is taken off by an outlet diffuser in the upper part of the rotor, for example into the discharge conduit of a pump. In this case, the losses in the exit fixed diffuser are relatively low (approximately 7%).

For these reasons, the efficiency of the bladeless pump of the present invention is high and the power consumption for driving the rotor is low. Due to the generation of the annular fluid, only a small hydrodynamic resistance to be overcome is observed.

Examples of the practical use of the various functions of the device of the invention for handling fluid media are illustrated schematically by means of the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG.

FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view of the entire apparatus of the present invention, which has the function of an independent bladeless pump.

This pump consists of a hollow rotor 1 and a drive shaft 2 which is connected to the shaft of a drive electric motor 18 and transmits rotation to the rotor 1. The rotor 1 is attached to the framework 3 by its support means, is of hollow cylindrical shape, and is connected to the shaft 2 by a support rod 19. The rotor 1 furthermore has a base 4 at its lower end and a lid 5 at its upper end, both of which have central circular openings 6 and 7, respectively, so that both parts are annular.

Upper and lower tangential diffusers 8 and 9 are fixed to the lower and upper parts of the framework 3, respectively. The lower diffuser 8 has an inlet 10 and an outlet 11. The upper diffuser 9 has an inlet 12 and an outlet 13. Both rectifying diffusers 8 and 9 are constituted by loop-shaped riser conduits, the diameter of which is selected according to the required pump output. This loop passes under the bottom 4 in the region of the lower rectifying diffuser 8 and continues through the circular opening 6 to a position flush against the upper side of the bottom 4, terminating at the fan-shaped narrowing outlet 11.

The inlet 12 of the medium rotating in the rotor 1 and flowing into the loop of the upper diffuser 9 is located in close contact with the underside of the cover 5. This loop then ascends through the circular opening 7 and terminates at the outlet 13 of the upper diffuser 9.

The pumped liquid, e.g. water, is supplied to the lower diffuser 10 by a supply conduit and flows tangentially to the bottom 4 of the rotor 1 through the fan-shaped outlet 11 at a theoretically zero velocity. to go into. The inflowing liquid rotates within the rotor at an angular velocity that substantially corresponds to the angular velocity of the cylinder of the rotor, so that it becomes cylindrical (paraboloidal) within a short time.

The incoming water stream mixes with the liquid ring rotating in the hollow rotor 1, and at the moment it acquires the necessary energy and centrifugal pressure, this water rises along the inner wall of the rotor 1 and clings to the underside of the lid. It enters the loop of the upper diffuser 9 through the inlet 12 and exits through the outlet 13 of the upper diffuser 9.

In order to continuously pump the liquid, it is necessary that the liquid passes through both diffusers 8 and 9 according to the direction of rotation of the rotor 1.

FIG. 2 is a general elevational view of the apparatus of the invention, which has the function of a conventional full immersion mixing apparatus, but also has the function of a pump, and thus It has a combination of functions.

This mixing device consists of a hollow rotor 1 with a circular cross section and a bottom 4 with four circular openings 6.
Consists of.

The rotor 1 has no lid and has an open top end. The tube 14 of the rotor 1 has a circular outlet opening 2
8 is installed, and a nozzle 15 is installed in this opening.
may be inserted. Nozzle 15 in the bottom row
has side outlet openings opposite or parallel to the direction of rotation of the rotor 1.

Furthermore, a vertical barrier board 17 is provided inside the mixing container 16, and this barrier board is also arranged vertically below the liquid surface like the rotor.
is fixed to the cylinder.

In this case, the hollow rotor constitutes two working spaces, namely inside the mixing vessel 16 and inside the rotor 1. The liquid is at the bottom 4 of the rotor 1.
, and if the total flow cross section of the four openings is small compared to the flow surface at the upper end of the rotor 1, then the liquid is further sucked into the interior of the rotor 1 through four inlet openings 6 of the rotor 1. It enters the rotor from the upper opening through its center.

The liquid in the rotor 1 rises (pumps) along the inner wall of the tube 14 through the ascending spiral due to centrifugal force and passes through the rim of the rotor 1 or into the tube 14 or the bottom 4. It is discharged into the liquid through the opening 28 or 29 or through the nozzle 15 provided in the cylinder 14.

Outlet openings 28, 29, nozzles 15 or the like located below the liquid surface of the medium contribute to a complete mixing of the liquid phase, insofar as they can inject the medium into the medium below the liquid surface by pressure. do. At the same time, if homogeneous fractions with different weights are present in the medium, it is also possible to separate the heavy and light fractions in the medium. These are mixed again after being discharged from the rotor 1. The liquids are also mixed by friction between the outer wall of the cylinder 14 of the rotor 1 and the liquid in the mixing vessel 16. The rotor 1 is eccentrically arranged in a container 16, and an eccentric vortex is generated in the container, and this vortex is broken by a sill plate 17, and a local vortex is generated around this sill plate in the rotational direction. . If the cross-section of the rotor 1 is not circular, but rather of rectangular, triangular, square, oval and similar shapes, the overall shape of the rotor 1 makes it possible to reduce An even greater stirring effect can be obtained.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the mixing device of the invention, which device is completely immersed in the liquid medium to be homogenized.

This device comprises a rotor 1 whose lid 5 with nozzles 15 on its periphery is located at the liquid level of the medium in a mixing vessel 16, and where the nozzles 15 or discharge openings 28, 29 are arranged in a cylinder of the rotor 1. 14 or bottom 4
Due to the downward dipping of the mixing mechanism, a centrally dispersed vortex is created in the medium, which results in small local vortices around the baffle plate 17, and on the other hand, the medium ejected from inside the rotor 1. The above-mentioned device (see Figure 2) in that the droplets are scattered above the liquid in the form of a spirally rotating vortex.
different from.

The mixing mechanism is located in the center of the mixing vessel 16 and has a lower mixing system. The vertical shaft 2 of the mixing mechanism is provided through the bottom of the mixing vessel 16 and is housed in the bottom 4 . The shaft 2 is a support rod 19
and is connected to the hollow rotor 1 by a lid 15. A vertical baffle plate 17 fixed to the cylinder of the mixing vessel 16 creates a central vortex in the mixing vessel. In a single device, several functions are combined: bladeless mixing, bladeless pumping and dispersion of the medium into a gas space above the liquid level of the medium.

FIG. 4 is a top view of the circular bottom 4 with one central inlet opening 6, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a top view of the bottom part 4 with an opening 6;

Figure 6 shows that the culture solution gradually becomes viscous due to the growth of microorganisms, and what is initially a dilute solution becomes honey-like or muddy toward the end of fermentation.
An example of a device for microbial fermentation or culture is shown.

The device consists of a fermentation vessel 20 with a bottom and a lid with a support mechanism 21 of a hollow cylindrical rotor 1 with a vertical axis 2. Below the bottom 4 of the rotor 1 is a suction extension 24 with an inlet opening 27.
Configure.

The rotor 1 furthermore consists of a circular bottom 4 with a cylindrical tube 14 and a central inlet opening 6 for introducing the culture medium into the rotor 1 . Multiple rows of openings 28 are provided in the cylinder 14 for discharging the culture solution from the rotor 1. The upper opening 28 has the shape of a nozzle 15 . The shaft 2 is driven by an electric motor 18 with a rotation regulator. The shaft 2 is connected to the cylinder 14 of the rotor 1 by a cross-shaped support rod 19.

The four rod-shaped wall boards 17 are arranged inside the fermentation container 20 and around it. These are fixed to the bottom and lid of the fermentation vessel 20.

The fermentation vessel 20 has two basic working spaces, a lower liquid part and an upper gas part, and a third
The working space is inside the rotor 1. During the rotation of the cylindrical rotor 1, which is partially immersed in the liquid, the culture medium enters the rotor 1 through the opening 6 in the bottom 4. The culture medium in the rotor 1 rises along an upward spiral due to centrifugal force, and drops of droplets pass from the rotor 1 of the fermentation vessel 20 into the upper gas working space of the vessel through the opening 28 of the tube 14 or the nozzle 15. Disperse in shape. Upon impact with the solid baffle plate inside the vessel 20 or the inner wall of the fermentation vessel 20, the droplets disappear, and then flow down along the walls of the fermentation vessel 20 in a laminar liquid stream, and then flow down into the fermentation vessel 20. At the liquid level of the lower liquid space of 20, it is reunited with the liquid in the liquid space.

A strong gas diffusion into the culture medium, for example oxygen uptake by the growing cells of microorganisms during fermentation in the fermentation vessel 20, takes place in the gas working space.

Thorough mixing of the culture medium is also carried out in the liquid by rotating the lower part of the rotor 1 immersed in the liquid.

By constant adjustment of the nozzles 15 or outlet openings 28, and by a suitable angular velocity of the rotor 1, the necessary centrifugal pressure is created on the liquid in the rotor 1, which pressure causes an ejection of the culture liquid even above the liquid level; This makes it possible to destroy the foam formed on the liquid during fermentation, thus eliminating the need to use an antifoaming liquid or adding an energy-consuming mechanical antifoaming mechanism, thereby increasing fermentation efficiency. It is possible to improve energy efficiency, reduce energy requirements, and simplify the overall device.

The bottom of the fermentation container 20 has a special shape. The bottom part is formed in a concave shape, into which the lower part of the hollow rotor 1 is fitted, and this rotor lower part constitutes the lower extension part 24 of the rotor 1. The extension 24 ensures good suction of the culture medium from the bottom of the fermentation vessel 20.

The fermentation apparatus according to the invention is suitable for handling all types of culture fluids, i.e. low-viscosity cultures, high-viscosity cultures and even culture fluids whose viscosity changes during fermentation, or suspensions with lump-like or fibrous products. It can be used in fermentations using forming culture fluids, as well as all non-Newtonian liquids.

FIG. 7 schematically shows a portable stirring device housed in a fixed case 23. In the lower part of the case 23, an outlet opening 28 is provided in the upper part of the cover 23 in order to generate local swirl and turbulence in the liquid part of the medium to be mixed.
In order to release the medium flowing out from the container into small droplets in the space above the liquid surface, a cutting board 17 is provided in the cylinder of the case 23. The upper and lower wall plates 17 of the case 23 are attached to the column 22.

The lower part of the hollow rotor 1 is immersed in the liquid in the mixing vessel 20, and the upper part extends out of the liquid. The upper edge of the rotor 1 is sealed with a lid 5. The shaft 2 is fixed to the lid 5 of the rotor 1 and is further connected to the cylinder 14 of the rotor 1 by a support rod 19.

This mixing device operates in the same manner as the device shown in FIG. 6, but the baffle plate 17 (which is built in) is part of the case 23 of the rotor 1 and not the mixing vessel 26.

The device is also equally suitable for use in the aforementioned polymerizations, other chemical reactions of low and high viscosity media, handling of sludge and industrial effluents, and the like.

FIG. 8 shows a bladeless pump device which discharges the raised medium laterally. The device is housed in a fixed case 23, the lower part of which constitutes a fixed shield 25 that partially surrounds the lower part of the hollow rotor 1 immersed below the liquid level, and the tube 14 and the bottom of the hollow rotor 1. The outer wall of 4 is prevented from contacting the fluid medium below the liquid surface. The wall plate 17 is provided only on the upper part of the case 23.

The shield 25 below the surface of the medium, like the baffle plate 17 or other parts incorporated in the space below the surface of the medium, serves to avoid the generation of central vortices in the fluid medium. In this case, there is no mixing of the medium in the lower part due to the contact of the medium with the outer wall of the cylinder 14, the rotor 1 has all the functions of a self-priming immersion pump, and the rising medium is At height, it is released into the surrounding space. The lower part of the case 23 can be provided with a suction basket for passing the medium.

The device of FIG. 8 can be used in fluid technology, for example for cooling liquids, drying pulpy media, irrigation of soil and similar applications.

The device of the invention can be used universally regardless of the type of medium and can be used, for example, without immersion in the liquid (as a pump), completely immersed in the liquid (full immersion mixing device) or partially. It can also be used by immersing it in water (for example, in a fermentation device for culturing microorganisms). This device is suitable for various processes dealing with fluids or liquid media of different consistencies, in particular in the chemical, pharmaceutical, mechanical industries,
Thermal technology (heat transfer), water purification plants, water plants,
It can be used not only in paint and varnish production, but also in other industrial fields and agriculture (hydration and drying of food and grains, metering of food and liquid fertilizers, and similar applications).

Due to its simple construction, the device of the invention can also be used advantageously for the handling of aggressive liquids (acids, alkalis) and possibly also aggressive gases. This device can be used in the fields mentioned above, both in factories and in laboratories.

The device can be operated under various conditions, such as at various temperatures, pressures or in vacuum, in electric, magnetic or other force fields.

Another advantage is that the device is simple in construction and easier for the operator to manufacture than other devices. For example, mass production is possible by suitable plastic injection molding methods.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a general elevational sectional view of the device of the present invention, which has the function of a pump. Second
The figure is an elevational sectional view of the apparatus of the invention, which has the functions of conventional mixing, dispersing, emulsifying, homogenizing and similar mechanisms, and is immersed in a liquid. In contrast to the above-mentioned "pumps", the fluid medium is not only in contact with the inner walls of the device, but also with the outer walls of the hollow rotor, in particular its cylinder and bottom, and this device also has completely immersed in. FIG. 3 is an elevational sectional view of another type of mixing device according to the invention, which mixes liquid below the liquid surface and at the same time disperses this liquid in the form of droplets in the space above the liquid surface. (so that the liquid absorbs oxygen or undergoes a similar change). FIG. 4 is a top view of the bottom of a circular hollow rotor with one central opening. FIG. 5 is a top view of the bottom having a plurality of inlet openings within the circumference of the bottom and symmetrically around the central portion. Figure 6 shows
1 is a schematic elevational cross-sectional view of an example of a typical microbial fermentation device in which all of the primary functions of a hollow rotor are used, namely bladeless stirring of the liquid medium, pumping and dispersion functions; FIG. Figure 7 shows
This is a portable mixing device of the present invention, which, unlike the device shown in FIG. 6, is housed in a fixed case, a part of which constitutes a rod-shaped cutting board. FIG. 8 shows the mixing device of the invention housed in a fixed case, the lower part of which constitutes a fixed cover surrounding the lower part of the hollow rotor immersed below the liquid level. In the figure, 1 is a hollow rotor, 2 is a shaft, 3 is a skeleton, 4 is a bottom, 5 is a lid, 6 and 7 are circular openings, 8 and 9 are diffusers, 10 and 12 are inlets, 11 and 13 is an outlet, 14 is a cylinder, 15 is a nozzle, 16 is a mixing container,
17 is a cutting board, 18 is a drive motor, 19 is a support rod, 21 is a support mechanism, 22 is a column, 23 is a case, 24 is a lower extension, 25 is a shield, 27 is an inlet opening, and 28 is an outlet opening. shows.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A cylindrical hollow rotor having a container, a cylinder and a bottom wall for accommodating a fluid medium to be handled, means for feeding the medium to be handled to one end of the hollow rotor, a hollow rotor by centrifugal force. drive means for transferring the medium therein from one end of the rotor to the other end of the rotor and for transmitting a rotational movement to the hollow rotor at a speed that forms a parabolic liquid level in the hollow rotor; and for discharging the medium from the rotor. An apparatus for handling low-viscosity fluid media and high-viscosity fluid media, comprising means. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein the bottom wall has an annular shape with a central opening or a plurality of peripherally located inlet openings. 3. Device according to claim 1, wherein the rotor has a lid, and the lid, the barrel and optionally the bottom wall of the rotor have an outlet opening. 4. The inlet or outlet opening is in the form of a nozzle, diffuser or other means for regulating the flow, amount and shape of the medium entering or exiting the opening; or The device according to claim 2 or 3, comprising these. 5 the bottom wall and the lid of the rotor each have one central opening for the inflow of a fluid medium into the rotor and one central opening for the exit of a fluid medium from the rotor; According to any one of claims 1 to 4, both openings are provided with diffusers for regulating the flow of the medium flowing into and out of the rotor, respectively. equipment. 6. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, in which a rainbow board or other built-in means is fixed below and/or above the level of the medium inside the mixing container. . 7. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the shaft of the rotor is rotatably supported by a frame, a mixing container, or a fixed case of the rotor. 8. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the blocking plate or the suction basket constitutes a part of the fixed case of the rotor. 9. The lower part of the rotor with the fixed cover and the tube for supplying the medium to the bottom of the rotor is immersed in the medium to be handled.
Apparatus according to any one of clause 8. 10. Any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the fixed cover is fixed to the frame or forms part of a fixed case surrounding the rotor.
Equipment described in Section.