JPH06250650A - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the electronic musical instrument which counts the number of keys which are placed in a key-ON (note-ON) state between musical performances, controls an effect granting means according to the counted number to give variation in sound volume corresponding to the number of the pressed keys, and then varying effects of resonance and reverberation, etc., between the musical performances. CONSTITUTION:This electronic musical instrument consists of a sound generation channel counting means 1 which counts sound generation channels placed in the note-ON state at the same time, a parameter value determining means 2 which determines parameter values for controlling the effect granting means 3 according to the value counted by the sound generation channel counting means 1, and the effect granting means 3 and a resonant sound generating means 4 which give effects according to the parameter values determined by the parameter value determining means 2.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

The present invention relates to, for example, a synthesizer, an electronic piano, an electronic organ, a single keyboard,
The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument such as a sound source module, and more particularly, to an electronic musical instrument capable of varying a sound effect depending on the number of notes-on channels and a musical range.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The strings of a piano are usually pressed by a damper, and when a key is pressed, the damper is separated from the string while the keyboard is pressed. Therefore, when many keys are pressed at the same time in live performance, the resonance effect of these open strings occurs, so during live performance by an actual piano, the strings may be affected by the number and range of keys pressed during the performance. The resonance effect is different, and the sound is subtly changing.

On the other hand, a conventional electronic musical instrument also has a resonance circuit, which expresses a change in sound, but there is only one resonance circuit, and the effect of reverb or resonance operates a switch from a panel. Since it was set by doing, the tone waveform generated during the performance was constant and did not change regardless of the number of keys that were key-on (note-on) and the range.

The basic construction of a conventional electronic musical instrument is shown in FIG.
Although the configuration is the same as that of the electronic musical instrument of the present invention in FIG. 1 except for the effect imparting means, the configuration and function of each part will be described in detail in the description of FIG.

[0005]

As described above, in the conventional electronic musical instrument, since the sound effect due to resonance, reverberation, etc. is operated by a switch or the like from the panel, the number of keys pressed and the key pressing position change between performances. Since a subtle change in the sound due to could not be expressed, improvement was desired.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and controls the effect imparting means for counting the number of keys that are key-on (note-on) between performances and outputting the count according to the number, It is an object of the present invention to provide an electronic musical instrument capable of changing effects such as resonance and reverberation between musical performances.

[0007]

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the principle of the present invention.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the electronic musical instrument of the present invention has a tone generation channel counting means 1 for counting the number of tone generation channels that are simultaneously note-on, and a count value counted by the tone generation channel counting means 1. According to the parameter value determining means 2 for determining the parameter value for controlling the effect applying means 3, the effect applying means 3 for applying the effect with the parameter value determined by the parameter value determining means 2, and the resonance sound creating means 4. Composed.

In the second invention, the counting means 1 is configured to count the number of keys pressed.

In the third invention, the effect imparting means 3 is composed of a multiplier.

[0011]

In the electronic musical instrument of the present invention, the parameter value for controlling the effect imparting means 3 is determined according to the number of note-on sounds, and the effect imparting means 3 is controlled thereby to change the volume of the tone signal. And send it to the resonance sound creating means 4 to change effects such as resonance and reverberation between performances,
This is to change the degree of effect of various effects.

As a result, even with an electronic musical instrument having only one resonance tone producing means 4, the tone signal is automatically amplified in accordance with the counter value between performances to increase or decrease the generated tone, or The reverberation can be lengthened or shortened, and the acoustic effect can be varied, enabling delicate expression of the sound, making it possible to perform like a live musical instrument.

The second aspect of the present invention controls the effect imparting means 3 according to the number of pressed keys, changes the volume of the musical tone signal by this, and sends it to the resonance tone producing means 4 so that the performance of the musical tone can be varied. Change the effects such as resonance and reverberation in
This is to change the degree of effect of various effects. Also in this case, the same effect as that of the first invention can be obtained.

A third aspect of the present invention uses a multiplier for the effect imparting means 3, which makes it possible to provide an electronic musical instrument which can easily change the effects of reverb, chorus, tremolo, etc. between performances at low cost.

[0015]

2 is a schematic block diagram showing the overall construction of an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument having a resonance circuit 4 according to the present invention.

In the figure, a MIDI interface 10
Is for performing delivery control of performance information transmitted and received between an external device (not shown) and the CPU 11. The external device supplies performance information to the electronic musical instrument or generates a musical tone based on the performance information from the electronic musical instrument, and has an MIDI musical instrument interface function such as an electronic piano, an electronic organ, and an electronic keyboard. Is used. The MIDI interface 10 is directly connected to the CPU 11 without the system bus 24.

The CPU 11 controls each part of the electronic musical instrument according to the control program stored in the program memory part of the ROM 14, and simultaneously presses the control parameter determination table of the effect imparting means 3 provided on the ROM 14 of the present invention. The control parameter corresponding to the number of keys is sent to the reading effect imparting means 3.

The panel section 12 is provided with various switches such as a power switch, a mode designation switch, a melody selection switch, a rhythm selection switch and the like. The set / reset state of each switch is detected by a panel scan circuit included therein.
The data relating to the set state of the switch detected by the panel scan circuit is stored in the RAM 15 under the control of the CPU 11.

In addition, the panel portion 12 is provided with a display device (not shown) for displaying various information. It should be noted that the tone color selection switch and the effect selection switches such as reverb and chorus related to the present invention are provided in the panel section 12.

The pedal 13 includes, for example, a damper pedal, a soft pedal, a loud pedal, etc. according to the type of electronic musical instrument, and the CPU 11 slides a variable resistor to control the voltage and change the volume according to the amount of depression of the pedal. Let

The ROM 14 stores tone color data and various other fixed data in addition to the program for operating the CPU 11 described above. The tone color data memory section stores frequency numbers, waveform numbers, envelope waveform numbers, mode data, etc., which are data for generating a tone signal. In addition, various fixed data are also stored in the ROM 14.

Each data stored in the tone color data memory is designated by a tone color pointer. That is, the tone color pointer is changed according to the panel operation and the keyboard operation, and the respective data designated by the changed tone color pointer are read from the waveform memory 19. Then, it is supplied to the musical sound generating unit 18 by performing a predetermined calculation.

The table for determining the attack speed, attack level, decay speed, decay level, etc., which are directly related to the present invention, and the table for determining the control parameter based on the value of the counter are the ROMs.
14 is provided.

The RAM 15 has a work area for the CPU 11,
Various registers, counters, flags, etc. for controlling the electronic musical instrument are defined, a data area in which necessary data stored in the ROM 14 is transferred and stored, and keys and switches of the panel unit 12 are stored. A plurality of registers in which data necessary for sound emission corresponding to the state is set, an assigner memory for storing data for allocating each tone generation circuit of the tone generation unit 18 to an unused channel, a storage area for storing performance information, etc. Have

The data regarding the setting states of the switches of the operation panel 12 stored in the RAM 15 is referred to by the CPU 11 or the like when the sound is produced and as needed.

Further, the key depression map and the note-on counter for storing the on / off state of the keyboard 17 described above are also R
It is provided in AM15.

The contents of the RAM 15 are read and written by the CPU 11 via the system bus 24.

The keyboard 17 is used for designating a musical tone to be generated, and is composed of a plurality of keys and a key switch which opens and closes in synchronization with key pressing / release operations of these keys. CPU 11 detects a person's key depression / release operation.
Is supplied to the musical sound generator 18 under the control of.

Performance information generated by pressing or releasing the keyboard 17 is temporarily stored in the RAM 15 and read by the CPU 11 as required.

The keyboard scanning circuit 16 detects the on / off state of the key switch of the keyboard 17 and sends it to the CPU 11. That is, the keyboard scan circuit 16 is operated by the keyboard 17
To send a scan signal to.

In response to the scan signal, the keyboard 17 returns a signal indicating the open / closed state of the key switch to the keyboard scan circuit 16. The ON / OFF state of the key switch detected by the keyboard scan circuit 16 is sent to the CPU 11 as a key code (key number) via a touch detection circuit (not shown) and the system bus 24.

The musical tone generator 18 generates musical tone signals corresponding to various musical instruments by reading and reproducing musical tone waveform data stored in the waveform memory 19, and inputs from the keyboard 17 and outputs from the CPU 11. Waveform memory 19 stores musical tone waveform data and envelope data corresponding to a tone color and volume designated based on the generated control data.
Is read out, an envelope is added to the read musical tone waveform data, and the musical tone signal is output as a musical tone signal and supplied to the effect adding means 3.

Reference numeral 19 is a waveform memory, which is composed of, for example, a ROM. The waveform memory 19 stores waveform data of musical tones, and stores waveform data such as weak hits, strong hits, and hits, and envelope data. Further, the waveform memory 19 is accessed by a weak tap component musical tone signal generation unit, a strong tap component musical tone signal generation unit, a batting component musical tone signal generation unit, etc. (not shown) of the musical tone generation unit 18.

The effect imparting means 3 is composed of, for example, a multiplier. At the same time, a desired volume change is added to the musical tone signal sent from the musical tone generating section 18 according to the number of keys pressed simultaneously, and this is applied. It is supplied to the resonance circuit 4.

During the performance, the CPU 11 reads the number of keys that are simultaneously pressed from the counter on the RAM, reads the multiplication coefficient corresponding to the counter value from the multiplication coefficient determination table on the ROM 14, and the multiplier 3 Send to. The multiplier 3 thereby adds a desired volume (amplitude) change to the tone signal and supplies it to the resonance circuit 4.

The resonance circuit 4 simulates a state in which a sound effect such as a reverberation or a resonance sound is generated in an electronic piano, for example.
The sound effects such as reverb, chorus, tremolo, etc. set in 2 are added.

The tone signal output from the resonance circuit 4 is D
It is sent to the / A converter 21. The details of the operation of the circuit will be described later.

The D / A converter 21 converts the input digital musical tone signal into an analog musical tone signal. The analog tone signal converted by the D / A converter 21 is
It is supplied to the amplifier 22.

The amplifier 22 amplifies the analog musical tone signal supplied from the D / A converter 21 with a predetermined gain according to the volume data supplied from the CPU 11 and supplies it to the speaker 23.

The speaker 23 is a well-known one which converts an analog musical tone signal as an electric signal sent from the amplifier 22 into a sound signal and emits the sound.

The CPU 11, ROM 14, RA
The M15, the keyboard scan circuit 16, the musical sound generating unit 18, the musical sound generating unit 18, and the resonance circuit 4 are connected to each other via a system bus 24.

The principle explanatory view of FIG. 1 shows the construction of the main part of the part which controls the effect imparting means 3 in accordance with the number of keys pressed, which is a feature of the present invention. In this embodiment, a case where a multiplier is used as the effect applying means 3 will be described.

In the figure, the note-on counter 1 is RA
It is provided on the M15 and counts the number of currently pressed keys on the basis of ON / OFF information from the keyboard 17 and the MIDI 10 each time an ON / OFF event occurs.

CPU 11 as parameter determining means 2
Each time an on / off event occurs, the counter value of the note-on counter 1 is read, the multiplication coefficient corresponding to the counter value is read from the control parameter determination table provided on the ROM 14, and this is read by the multiplier 3. send.

The multiplier 3 changes the volume (amplitude) according to the input multiplication coefficient, changes the volume based on the multiplication coefficient sent from the parameter determining means 2, and sends it to the resonance circuit 4. The resonance circuit 4 of this embodiment is the same as the conventional resonance circuit.

As a result, in the resonance circuit 4, the tone generation section 1
The tone signal, which is a digital signal sent from 8, is given an effect such as reverb or chorus according to the volume and sent to the D / A converter 21. Here, it is converted into an analog signal and sent to the amplifier 22, where it is amplified and emitted by the reproducing device 23.

Although the table for parameter determination is used in this embodiment, the control parameters may be given by a program.

Next, the operation of the electronic musical instrument of the present invention will be described. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the general processing of this embodiment.

When the power is turned on, first the CPU 11 and RA
The M15, LSI, etc. are initialized (step S31).

Next, panel event processing is performed (step S32). This is a process related to the panel 12, and depending on the setting status of each switch set on the panel 12,
For example, it is processing such as turning on an LED, switching to a tone color being pressed, or applying chorus or reverb.

Next, pedal event processing is performed (step S33). Pedal event processing is, for example, in the case of a piano, when the damper pedal is pressed, the reverberation continues even if the keyboard is released, or when the soft pedal is pressed, the tone color changes and the volume is reduced, which corresponds to the pressed key. This is the process of producing the sound that is made. . Details will be described with reference to FIG.

Next, keyboard event processing is performed (step S34). The keyboard event process is a sounding / silence process associated with the on / off event of the keyboard, and details will be described with reference to FIG. The general process is repeated every time the event is turned on / off, and continues until the power is turned off.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of pedal event processing. The pedal event process is performed subsequent to the panel event process when an event occurs.

The pedal event process includes a damper pedal process and other pedal processes. First, the damper pedal process (step S41) is performed. This damper pedal processing will be described with reference to FIG.

Then, other pedal processing is performed (step S42). Other pedal processing is, for example, soft pedal processing or loud pedal processing, which sets / resets a flag according to the on / off of an event, or slides a variable resistor according to the degree of pedaling to change the voltage. The pedal process ends when the process ends.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the processing procedure of the damper pedal processing.

In the damper pedal process, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 5, it is first checked whether or not there is an on event of the damper pedal (step S51). If the damper pedal is newly depressed, that is, if there is an on event, a flag indicating that the damper pedal has been turned on is set in the storage unit on the RAM (step S5).
2) The damper pedal processing ends.

On the other hand, if there is no damper pedal on event in step S51, it is checked whether or not there is a damper pedal off event (step S53).
If there is a damper pedal off event here,
The already set damper pedal on flag is reset (step S54).

Next, a damper pedal off process is performed (step S55). That is, the sound that has been stretched while the keyboard is hit and the damper pedal is depressed is executed, and the processing ends.

On the other hand, when there is no damper pedal off event in step S53, there is no damper pedal on event or off event during the event, so the process ends without doing anything.

As described above, the damper pedal process is a muffling process for turning off the sound of the keyboard being depressed by pushing the damper pedal. In other words, this is a process of turning off the sound being extended because the damper pedal is on although the keyboard is released.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the processing procedure of keyboard event processing.

In the keyboard event processing, it is first checked whether or not there is a keyboard on event (step S61). If there is an on event, the note on counter is first incremented (step S62).

Subsequently, various tone parameters are loaded into the tone generator LSI (step S63). The tone parameters are, for example, attack speed indicating rising, attack level indicating rising, decay speed indicating falling, decay level, reading (pronounced) frequency value, start address of waveform memory reading, etc. Yes, this is loaded into the LSI.

Subsequently, a tone generation process is performed (step S6).
4). That is, the CPU 11 gives a sounding command to the LSI, and when the sounding is generated, the processing for one event is completed, and this processing is repeated every time there is an event.

On the other hand, if there is no on event in step S61, it is checked whether or not there is an off event (step S65). If there is an off event, the key release process described with reference to FIG. 7 is performed (step S66), and the process for one event ends.

On the other hand, if there is no off event in step S65, that is, if there is no on event or off event, the process ends without doing anything.

Next, the key release process will be described with reference to FIG.

In the key release processing, it is first checked whether or not the damper pedal is turned on (step S71). When the damper pedal is on, the process ends as it is, but when the damper pedal is off, the release speed is read from the ROM 14 and loaded into the sound source LSI (step S72), and then the note-on counter is decremented. The process ends (step S73).

Next, the increment processing of the note-on counter will be described with reference to FIG.

In the increment processing, the note-on counter is first incremented (step S8).
1) Then, the multiplication coefficient of the multiplier 3 corresponding to the counter value is determined (step S82). That is, the CPU 11 reads the incremented count value, reads the multiplication coefficient corresponding to the count value from the ROM 14, and loads this into the multiplier 3 (step S83). The multiplier 3 changes the volume of the musical tone signal based on this multiplication coefficient and sends it to the resonance circuit 4, and the resonance circuit 4 imparts acoustic effects such as resonance and reverb.

Next, the decrement process of the note-on counter will be described with reference to FIG.

In the decrement processing, first, the note-on counter is decremented (step S91),
Then, the multiplication coefficient of the multiplier 3 corresponding to the counter value is determined. (Step S92). That is, the CPU 11 reads the decremented count value, reads the multiplication coefficient corresponding to the count value from the ROM 14, and loads this into the multiplier 3 (step S93). The multiplier 3 changes the volume of the musical tone signal based on this multiplication coefficient and sends it to the resonance circuit 4, and the resonance circuit 4 imparts acoustic effects such as resonance and reverb.

By changing the sound effect according to the number of keys pressed on the keyboard 17 by repeating the above-described operations during the performance, it is possible to change the sound effect accompanying the operation of the keyboard or the pedals.

In the present embodiment, the multiplication coefficient of the multiplier 3 is determined by the number of keys that are pressed at the same time, but it may be changed according to the range of keys that are pressed. Or both may be used together.

[0076]

As described above, according to the present invention, the volume input to the resonance circuit is changed by changing the multiplication coefficient of the multiplier depending on the number of keys that are being pressed or sounded during the performance. As a result, it is possible to change the degree to which effects such as reverb and resonance are applied, and it is possible to perform a more natural piano performance.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the principle of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a general configuration diagram of an electronic musical instrument having the effect imparting means of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing general processing of this embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a pedal event process of this embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of damper pedal processing of the present embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of keyboard event processing according to the embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a key release process according to the embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a note-on counter increment process according to the embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a note-on counter / decrement process according to the embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 10 is a general configuration diagram of a conventional electronic musical instrument.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Counting Means 2 Parameter Determining Means 3 Effect Adding Means (Multiplier) 4 Resonance Sound Creating Means (Resonance Circuit) 10 MIDI Interface 11 CPU 12 Panel Section 13 Pedal 14 ROM 15 RAM 16 Keyboard Scan Circuit 17 Keyboard 18 Musical Sound Generation Section 19 Waveform memory 21 D / A converter 22 Amplifier 23 Playback device

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A resonance sound producing means is provided, and only the device itself is provided,
Alternatively, in an electronic musical instrument that plays in cooperation with an external device, a sound generation channel counting means for counting the number of channels that are simultaneously note-on, and an effect imparting means according to the count value counted by the sound generation channel counting means. An electronic musical instrument comprising: a parameter value determining means for determining a parameter value; and an effect imparting means for imparting a sound effect with the parameter value determined by the parameter value determining means. 2. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the counting means counts the number of keys pressed. 3. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the effect imparting means is a multiplier.