JP7417818B2 - drawing cross scale - Google Patents
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- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 89
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は、主に石膏デッサンに用いる測定具に関するものである。 The present invention mainly relates to a measuring tool used for plaster drawing.
従来、デッサン用の測定具で、装置ではなく小型のスケールとして利用されているものでは，ドラパスＢスケールデッサン用Ｂ列紙判５４０１２やホルベイン社のＤｅｓｓｉｎＳｃａｌｅ－Ｄ等が代表的である。それらは、木炭紙サイズ用、Ｂ列用、キャンバスサイズ用等、用途に合わせて画用紙等支持体画面の規格サイズの縦横比と一致する様につくられた透明な樹脂プレートの片面に、窓枠線とその内部を格子状に区切る黒い線がプリントされ、窓枠線の外側全体が黒くぬりつぶされた形となっており、一般に、このプレート板全体を透視板と呼び、窓域を透視窓と呼び、窓枠を透視枠と呼んでおり、透視枠の外側全域が黒く塗りつぶされた領域を透視板外枠、と呼称して以下説明する。 Conventionally, typical measuring tools for drawings that are used as small scales rather than devices include the Drapas B scale B-column paper size 54012 for drawings and Holbein's DessinScale-D. They are made with window frame lines on one side of a transparent resin plate made to match the aspect ratio of the standard size of the support screen, such as drawing paper, depending on the purpose, such as charcoal paper size, B row size, canvas size, etc. The inside of the plate is printed with black lines dividing it into a grid pattern, and the entire outside of the window frame line is filled in black.Generally, this entire plate is called a see-through plate, and the window area is called a see-through window. The window frame is referred to as a perspective frame, and the area where the entire outside of the perspective frame is filled in black is referred to as a perspective board outer frame in the following description.
大型装置的な透視枠と異なり、デッサンスケールは一枚のテンプレートみたいなもので、「設置」する必要がなく、手軽に持ち歩き、野外制作にも重宝し、複数人で一つのモチーフを囲んで描く時にも、他人の邪魔にならず、狭小場所でも何の支障もなく利用できるメリットを有するが、特有のデメリットもあって、基本的に手で持って使うために、腕手の搖動で透視枠とモチーフとの位置関係が不安定にズレてしまい、又描く内にどうしても描き手の視点が無意識にズレがちになることが避けられず、モチーフ・透視枠・視点の相互位置関係を厳密に保つことは本来的に無理である。
本発明は、そうした本来的に無理な課題を実現しようというのではなく、厳密な正確さとの誤差を、先行技術よりも確実に減らし、且つ修正を即座に簡単に可能にするための手段を提供しようとするものである。Unlike a perspective frame, which is a large device, a drawing scale is like a single template, so there is no need to set it up, it is easy to carry around, and it is useful for outdoor production, allowing multiple people to draw around a single motif. Although it has the advantage of not getting in the way of others and being able to be used in small spaces without any problems, it also has its own disadvantages. The positional relationship between the motif and the motif becomes unstable, and it is unavoidable that the artist's viewpoint tends to shift unconsciously while drawing, so it is necessary to strictly maintain the mutual positional relationship between the motif, perspective frame, and viewpoint. This is inherently impossible.
The present invention does not attempt to accomplish such an inherently impossible task, but rather provides a means to more reliably reduce errors in exact accuracy than the prior art, and to make corrections instantaneously and easily possible. This is what I am trying to do.
透視板において、透視枠内の透視窓域全体が面としては切除されて、開放された透視窓即ち開放透視窓として形成されており、透視板外枠全体が黒でなく透明になった透視板透明外枠として形成されており、
このような枠体としての透視板透明外枠の片面側において、短手・長手を夫々二等分するクロス直線上に、約２ｍｍ厚×約５ｍｍ幅のプレート材を、厚み面を透視板透明外枠板面に接着させ、幅面を直交させ、端から端まで渡し通す形で、丁度障子面を仕切る組子の様に、透視板透明外枠及び開放透視窓を四等分にクロスに仕切るクロス仕切と成し、長手を二等分するのがクロス仕切リ垂直片、及び短手を二等分に仕切るのがクロス仕切水平片、と呼称する。
このクロス仕切り側の反対側面を正面として、縦長に立て置いた状態において、クロス仕切りの交差点をモチーフ中心測点と成し、クロス仕切り垂直片の左右側面を夫々垂直測定左側面及び垂直測定右側面と成し、クロス仕切り水平片の上下面を夫々水平測定上面及び水平測定下面と成し、クロス仕切り垂直片及びクロス仕切り水平片の正面を測定正面と成す。
クロス仕切り垂直片の測定正面において、透視枠上端からクロス仕切り水平片までの中間地点までが黒く塗りつぶされて仕切り判別アッパーマークと成し、透明枠下端から透視板透明外枠下端までが同様に塗りつぶされて仕切り判別ダウンマークと成し、クロス仕切り水平片から透視枠下端までの中間地点までが同様に塗りつぶされて仕切り判別垂直センターマークと成す。
クロス仕切り水平片の測定正面において、透視枠左端からクロス仕切り垂直片までの中間地点までが同様に塗りつぶされて仕切り判別レフトマークと成し、透視枠右端から透視板透明外枠右端までが同様に塗りつぶされて仕切り判別ライトマークと成し、クロス仕切り垂直片から透視枠右端までの中間地点までが同様に塗りつぶされた仕切り判別水平センターマークと成す。
水平測定下面のモチーフ中心測点際の左右に、各々一端を取付けて、垂直測定左側面及び垂直測定右側面に沿って軽く接触気味に、クロス仕切り垂直片下端までの中間地点まで吊り下げる形で、左右二つの垂直測定錘片が設けてある。
全体として斯様に構成された透視板をデッサンクロススケールと呼称し、これをこれの正面に向かい合う形で片手で取り上げ、目と前方のモチーフとを結ぶ線上に直交垂直面を成す様にかざして使用する。
以上を特徴とするデッサンクロススケールである。In a see-through plate, the entire see-through window area within the see-through frame is cut out to form an open see-through window, that is, an open see-through window, and the entire outer frame of the see-through plate is transparent instead of black. It is formed as a transparent outer frame,
On one side of the transparent transparent outer frame, place a plate material approximately 2 mm thick x approximately 5 mm wide on one side of the transparent outer frame that bisects the short and long sides. Glue it to the outer frame board surface, make the width plane perpendicular, and pass it from end to end to divide the transparent outer frame of the see-through plate and the open see-through window into four equal parts, just like the muntins that partition the shoji side. It is called a cross partition, and the one that divides the long side into two is called the cross partition vertical piece, and the one that divides the short side into two is called the cross partition horizontal piece.
When placed vertically with the opposite side of the cross partition as the front, the intersection of the cross partitions is the motif center measurement point, and the left and right sides of the vertical pieces of the cross partition are the left side and right side of the vertical measurement, respectively. The upper and lower surfaces of the cross partition horizontal piece are respectively defined as the horizontal measurement upper surface and the horizontal measurement bottom surface, and the front surfaces of the cross partition vertical piece and the cross partition horizontal piece are defined as the measurement front surface.
On the measurement front of the cross partition vertical piece, the area from the top edge of the perspective frame to the midpoint between the horizontal piece of the cross partition is filled in black to form the partition discrimination upper mark, and the area from the bottom edge of the transparent frame to the bottom edge of the transparent outer frame of the perspective plate is similarly filled in. The area from the cross partition horizontal piece to the lower end of the perspective frame is similarly filled in to form a partition discrimination down mark, and a partition discrimination vertical center mark is formed.
In the measurement front of the cross partition horizontal piece, the area from the left edge of the perspective frame to the midpoint of the cross partition vertical piece is filled in the same way to form the partition discrimination left mark, and the area from the right edge of the perspective frame to the right edge of the transparent outer frame of the perspective plate is filled in the same way. It is filled in to form a partition discrimination light mark, and the area from the cross partition vertical piece to the right end of the perspective frame is similarly filled in to form a partition discrimination horizontal center mark.
Attach one end to the left and right sides of the motif center measurement point on the bottom surface of the horizontal measurement, and hang it along the left side of the vertical measurement and the right side of the vertical measurement, slightly touching it, to the midpoint between the bottom edge of the vertical piece of the cross partition. , there are two vertical measuring weights on the left and right.
The perspective board constructed in this manner as a whole is called a drawing cross scale.Pick it up with one hand while facing the front of it, and hold it up so that it forms an orthogonal vertical plane on the line connecting the eye and the motif in front of it. use.
This is a drawing cross scale characterized by the above features.
透明板を通してモチーフを測定するのではなく、開放透視窓という開放空間で測定するので、モチーフが見やすい。クロス仕切りの幅面によって、上下左右の傾きがチェックできるので、モチーフの中心点と測定する視点を結ぶ線に垂直な画面が設定しやすい。６か所の判別マークが測定を容易にする。左右のどちらかの垂直測定錘片がクロス仕切り垂直片の左右の側面から離れていないかをチェックすることで、より正確により迅速に垂直測定ができる。透視板透明外枠を手に持つことにより、見えやすい空間の画面内と透明な外枠を同時に見ながら測定ができる。 Rather than measuring the motif through a transparent plate, it is measured in an open space called an open see-through window, making it easy to see the motif. The width of the cross partition allows you to check the vertical and horizontal inclinations, making it easy to set the screen perpendicular to the line connecting the center point of the motif and the measuring viewpoint. Six identification marks make measurement easy. Vertical measurement can be carried out more accurately and quickly by checking whether either the left or right vertical measuring weight piece is separated from the left or right side of the cross partition vertical piece. By holding the transparent outer frame of the see-through plate in your hand, you can take measurements while viewing the inside of the screen in an easily visible space and the transparent outer frame at the same time.
以下、本発明の実施の形態を説明する。
透視板（Ａ）において、透視枠（２）内の透視窓（Ｂ）域全体が面として切除されて、開放された透視窓（Ｂ）即ち開放透視窓（３）として形成されており、透視板外枠（Ｃ）全体が黒でなく透明になった透視板透明外枠（４）として形成されており、
このような枠体としての透視板透明外枠（４）の片面側において、短手、長手を夫々二等分するクロス直線上に、約２ミリ厚×約５ミリ幅のプレート材を、厚み面を透視板透明外枠（４）板面に接着させ、幅面を直交させ、端から端まで渡し通す形で、丁度障子面を仕切る組子の様に、透視板透明外枠（４）及び開放透視窓（３）を四等分にクロスに仕切るクロス仕切り（５）と成し、長手を二等分するのがクロス仕切り垂直片、（６）短手を二等分に仕切るのがクロス仕切り水平片（７）と呼称するのであるが、
このクロス仕切り（５）側の反対側面を測定正面（１３）として、縦長に立て置いた状態において、クロス仕切り垂直片（６）の左右側面を夫々垂直測定左側面（９）及び垂直測定右側面（１０）と成し、クロス仕切り水平片（７）の上下面を夫々水平測定上面（１１）及び水平測定下面（１２）と成し、測定正面（１３）上で、クロス区仕切り垂直片（６）とクロス仕切り水平片（７）がクロスするする一点をモチーフ中心測点（８）と成し、
クロス仕切り垂直片（６）の測定正面（１３）において、透視枠（２）上端からクロス仕切り水平片（７）までの中間地点までが黒く塗りつぶされて仕切り判別アッパーマーク（１４）と成し、透明枠（２）下端から透視板透明外枠（４）下端までが同様に塗りつぶされて仕切り判別ダウンマーク（１５）と成し、クロス仕切り水平片（７）から透視枠（２）下端までの中間地点までが同様に塗りつぶされて仕切り判別垂直センターマーク（１６）と成し、
クロス仕切り水平片（７）の測定正面（１３）において、透視枠（２）左端からクロス仕切り垂直片（６）までの中間地点までが同様に塗りつぶされて仕切り判別レフトマーク（１７）と成し、透視枠（２）右端から透視板透明外枠（４）右端までが同様に塗りつぶされて仕切り判別ライトマーク（１８）と成し、クロス仕切り垂直片（６）から透視枠（２）右端までの中間までが同様に塗りつぶされて仕切り判別水平センターマーク（１９）と成し、
水平測定下面（１２）と垂直測定左側面（９）がクロスする一端から垂直測定左錘片（２０）、及び水平測定下面と垂直測定右側面がクロスする一端から垂直測定右錘片（２１）を夫々の面に軽く接触気味に、クロス垂直片下端までの中間地点まで吊り下げる形で、垂直測定錘片が設けてある。
本発明は以上のような構成である。
本発明を使用するときはデッサンクロススケール（１）を手に持って、描くべきモチーフに当てがい、モチーフが透視枠（２）内の開放透視窓（３）に収まるように操作する。透視板透明外枠（４）が透明なので窓の内側外側共に見える状態でモチーフを枠内に収めやすい。測定するとき、モチーフ中心点（α）と視点（β）とを結ぶ直線上にモチーフ中心測点（８）がくるように片目で操作し、この直線に垂直な画面が測定上必要になるが、そのためにはクロス仕切り（５）のクロス仕切り垂直片（６）の垂直測定左側面（９）垂直測定右側面（１０）、クロス仕切り水平片（（７）の水平測定上面（１１）と水平測定下面（１２）が見えなくなると共に、測定正面（１３）だけが見えるようにすればより正確に垂直な画面が設定できる。従来の透視板（Ａ）ではこれができない。
モチーフをデッサンクロススケール（１）に好みの領域で収めるときには、上下の大きさの関係を調べるのに仕切り判別アッパーマーク（１４）と仕切り判別ダウンマーク（１５）と仕切り判別垂直センターマーク（１６）を使用し、左右の大きさの関係を調べるのには、仕切り判別レフトマーク（１７）と仕切り判別ライトマーク（１８）と仕切り判別水平センターマーク（１９）を使用すれば便利である。判別マークは幅を持っているので、既存のスケールの細線の区切りに比べ、より視認しやすい。
画面が垂直になるためには、垂直測定左錘片（２０）と垂直測定右錘片（２１）が共にクロス仕切り垂直片（６）に軽く接触している状態にすればよい。これによって捉えられるデッサン対象の正確性は、従来の透視板では到底実現されえない。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
In the see-through plate (A), the entire see-through window (B) area within the see-through frame (2) is cut out as a surface to form an open see-through window (B), that is, an open see-through window (3), and the see-through window (B) is cut out as a surface. The entire plate outer frame (C) is formed as a see-through plate transparent outer frame (4) which is not black but transparent.
On one side of the see-through plate transparent outer frame (4) as such a frame body, place a plate material approximately 2 mm thick x approximately 5 mm wide on the cross straight line that bisects the short and long sides, respectively. The transparent outer frame (4) of the transparent transparent plate (4) is glued to the surface of the transparent outer frame (4) of the transparent plate, and the width planes are perpendicular to each other, passing from end to end, just like the muntins that partition the shoji surface. A cross partition (5) divides the open transparent window (3) into four equal parts, with the vertical piece of the cross partition dividing the long side into two, and (6) the cross dividing the short side into two halves. It is called the partition horizontal piece (7),
The opposite side of this cross partition (5) is the measurement front (13), and when the cross partition vertical piece (6) is placed vertically, the left and right sides are the left side (9) for vertical measurement and the right side for vertical measurement, respectively. (10), and the upper and lower surfaces of the cross partition horizontal piece (7) are respectively formed as the horizontal measurement upper surface (11) and the horizontal measurement lower surface (12), and on the measurement front (13), the cross partition vertical piece ( The point where 6) and the cross partition horizontal piece (7) intersect is defined as the motif center measurement point (8),
At the measurement front (13) of the cross partition vertical piece (6), the area from the upper end of the perspective frame (2) to the midpoint of the cross partition horizontal piece (7) is filled in black to form a partition discrimination upper mark (14); The area from the bottom edge of the transparent frame (2) to the bottom edge of the transparent outer frame (4) of the transparent frame (4) is filled in the same way to form a partition discrimination down mark (15), and the area from the horizontal cross partition piece (7) to the bottom edge of the transparent frame (2) is filled in in the same way. The area up to the middle point is filled in in the same way to form the partition discrimination vertical center mark (16),
At the measurement front (13) of the cross partition horizontal piece (7), the area from the left end of the perspective frame (2) to the midpoint of the cross partition vertical piece (6) is similarly filled in to form the partition discrimination left mark (17). , The area from the right edge of the perspective frame (2) to the right edge of the transparent outer frame (4) of the perspective plate is filled in the same manner to form a partition discrimination light mark (18), and from the cross partition vertical piece (6) to the right edge of the perspective frame (2). The middle part is filled in the same way to form a horizontal center mark for partition discrimination (19),
Vertical measurement left weight piece (20) from one end where the horizontal measurement bottom surface (12) and vertical measurement left side surface (9) cross, and vertical measurement right weight piece (21) from one end where the horizontal measurement bottom surface and vertical measurement right side cross. A vertical measuring weight is provided in such a way that it touches each surface slightly and is suspended halfway to the bottom end of the cross vertical piece.
The present invention has the above configuration.
When using the present invention, hold the drawing cross scale (1) in your hand, apply it to the motif to be drawn, and operate it so that the motif fits into the open perspective window (3) in the perspective frame (2). Since the see-through plate transparent outer frame (4) is transparent, it is easy to fit the motif within the frame so that both the inside and outside of the window can be seen. When measuring, operate with one eye so that the motif center measurement point (8) is on the straight line connecting the motif center point (α) and the viewpoint (β), and a screen perpendicular to this straight line is required for measurement. , for that purpose, the vertical measurement left side (9) of the cross partition vertical piece (6) of the cross partition (5), the vertical measurement right side (10), the horizontal measurement top surface (11) of the cross partition horizontal piece ((7) and the horizontal A vertical screen can be set more accurately by making the lower measurement surface (12) invisible and only the measurement front surface (13) visible.This is not possible with the conventional see-through plate (A).
When fitting a motif into a drawing cross scale (1) in a desired area, use the partition discrimination upper mark (14), partition discrimination down mark (15), and partition discrimination vertical center mark (16) to check the relationship between the top and bottom sizes. It is convenient to use the partition discrimination left mark (17), partition discrimination right mark (18), and partition discrimination horizontal center mark (19) to check the relationship between the left and right sizes. Since the discrimination mark has a width, it is easier to see than the thin line divisions of existing scales.
In order for the screen to be vertical, both the vertical measurement left weight piece (20) and the vertical measurement right weight piece (21) should be in a state in which they are in light contact with the cross partition vertical piece (6). The accuracy of the drawing object captured by this method cannot be achieved with conventional perspective plates.
１ デッサンクロススケール、 ２ 透視枠、 ３ 開放透視窓、 ４ 透視板透明外枠、 ５ クロス仕切り、 ６ クロス仕切り垂直片、 ７ クロス仕切り水平片、 ８ モチーフ中心測点、 ９ 垂直測定左側面、 １０ 垂直測定右側面、 １１ 水平測定上面、 １２ 水平測定下面、 １３ 測定正面、 １４ 仕切り判別アッパーマーク、 １５ 仕切り判別ダウンマーク、 １６ 仕切り判別垂直センターマーク、 １７ 仕切り判別レフトマーク、 １８ 仕切り判別ライトマーク、 １９ 仕切り判別水平センターマーク、 ２０ 垂直測定左錘片、 ２１ 垂直測定右錘片， α モチーフ中心点， β 視点、 Ａ 透視板、 Ｂ 透視窓、 Ｃ 透視板外枠1 Drawing cross scale, 2 Perspective frame, 3 Open perspective window, 4 Transparent plate outer frame, 5 Cross partition, 6 Cross partition vertical piece, 7 Cross partition horizontal piece, 8 Motif center measurement point, 9 Vertical measurement left side, 10 Vertical measurement right side, 11 horizontal measurement top surface, 12 horizontal measurement bottom surface, 13 measurement front, 14 partition discrimination upper mark, 15 partition discrimination down mark, 16 partition discrimination vertical center mark, 17 partition discrimination left mark, 18 partition discrimination right mark, 19 Horizontal center mark for partition discrimination, 20 Vertical measurement left weight piece, 21 Vertical measurement right weight piece, α motif center point, β viewpoint, A perspective plate, B perspective window, C perspective plate outer frame
Claims (3)
このような枠体としての透視板透明外枠の片面側において、
短手、長手を夫々二等分するクロス直線上に、丁度障子面を仕切る組子の様に、組子とほぼ同様の厚み・幅を持ったプレート材を、厚み面を透視板透明外枠板面に接着させ、幅面を直交させ、端から端まで渡し通す形で、透視板透明外枠及び開放透視窓を四等分にクロスに仕切るクロス仕切りと成し、長手を二等分するのがクロス仕切り垂直片、短手を二等分に仕切るのがクロス仕切り水平片と呼称するのであるが、
このクロス仕切り側の反対側面を正面として、縦長に立て置いた状態において、
クロス仕切りの交差点をモチーフ中心測点と成し、クロス仕切り垂直片の左右側面を夫々垂直測定左側面及び垂直測定右側面と成し、クロス仕切り水平片の上下面を夫々水平測定上面及び水平測定下面と成し、クロス仕切り垂直片及びクロス仕切り水平片の正面を測定正面と成すことを特徴とするデッサンクロススケール。In the perspective plate, the entire perspective window area within the perspective frame is cut out as a surface to form an open perspective window, that is, an open perspective window, and the entire outer frame of the perspective plate is transparent instead of black. It is formed as a transparent plate outer frame,
On one side of the see-through plate transparent outer frame as such a frame,
On the cross straight line that bisects the short and long sides into two halves, a plate material with almost the same thickness and width as the muntin, just like the muntin that divides the shoji surface, is placed on a transparent outer frame with the thickness side transparent. Glue it to the board surface, make the width plane perpendicular, and pass it through from end to end to form a cross partition that divides the transparent outer frame of the see-through plate and the open see-through window into four equal parts, and divides the length into two. is called a cross partition vertical piece, and the one that divides the short side into two equal parts is called a cross partition horizontal piece.
When placed vertically with the opposite side of this cross partition as the front,
The intersection of the cross partitions is the motif center measurement point, the left and right sides of the vertical piece of the cross partition are the left side of the vertical measurement and the right side of the vertical measurement, respectively, and the top and bottom surfaces of the horizontal piece of the cross partition are the top surface of the horizontal measurement and the top surface of the horizontal measurement, respectively. A drawing cross scale characterized in that the bottom surface is the bottom surface, and the front side of the cross partition vertical piece and the cross partition horizontal piece is the measurement front.
透視枠上端からクロス仕切り水平片までの中間地点までが黒く塗りつぶされた仕切り判別アッパーマークと成し、透視枠下端から透視板透明外枠下端までが同様に塗りつぶされた仕切り判別ダウンマークと成し、クロス仕切り水平片から透視枠下端までの中間地点までが同様に塗りつぶされた仕切り判別垂直センターマークと成し、
クロス仕切り水平片の測定正面において、
透視枠左端からクロス仕切り垂直片までの中間地点までが同様に塗りつぶされた仕切り判別レフトマークと成し、透視枠右端から透視板透明外枠右端までが同様に塗りつぶされた仕切り判別ライトマークと成し、クロス仕切り垂直片から透視枠右端までの中間地点までが同様に塗りつぶされた仕切り判別水平センターマークと成すことを特徴とする、請求項１に記載のデッサンクロススケール。In the measuring front of the vertical piece of the cross partition,
The area from the top of the perspective frame to the midpoint of the cross partition horizontal piece forms a partition discrimination upper mark filled in black, and the area from the bottom edge of the perspective frame to the bottom edge of the transparent outer frame of the perspective plate forms a similarly filled partition discrimination down mark. , from the cross partition horizontal piece to the middle point to the bottom edge of the perspective frame is similarly filled with a partition discrimination vertical center mark,
In the measurement front of the cross partition horizontal piece,
The area from the left edge of the perspective frame to the midpoint of the cross partition vertical piece forms a partition discrimination left mark filled in the same way, and the area from the right edge of the perspective frame to the right edge of the transparent outer frame of the perspective plate forms a partition discrimination right mark filled in the same way. 2. The drawing cross scale according to claim 1, wherein a horizontal center mark for determining the partition is formed in the same way from the vertical piece of the cross partition to the right end of the perspective frame.
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