JP6560195B2 - 黄色ブドウ球菌のLukGH(LukAB)毒素を中和する、非常に強力な抗体の生成 - Google Patents
黄色ブドウ球菌のLukGH(LukAB)毒素を中和する、非常に強力な抗体の生成 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6560195B2 JP6560195B2 JP2016514343A JP2016514343A JP6560195B2 JP 6560195 B2 JP6560195 B2 JP 6560195B2 JP 2016514343 A JP2016514343 A JP 2016514343A JP 2016514343 A JP2016514343 A JP 2016514343A JP 6560195 B2 JP6560195 B2 JP 6560195B2
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
- C07K16/12—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from bacteria
- C07K16/1267—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from bacteria from Gram-positive bacteria
- C07K16/1271—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from bacteria from Gram-positive bacteria from Micrococcaceae (F), e.g. Staphylococcus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/195—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from bacteria
- C07K14/305—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from bacteria from Micrococcaceae (F)
- C07K14/31—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from bacteria from Micrococcaceae (F) from Staphylococcus (G)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/705—Receptors; Cell surface antigens; Cell surface determinants
- C07K14/70546—Integrin superfamily
- C07K14/70553—Integrin beta2-subunit-containing molecules, e.g. CD11, CD18
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/573—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for enzymes or isoenzymes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2299/00—Coordinates from 3D structures of peptides, e.g. proteins or enzymes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/20—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by taxonomic origin
- C07K2317/21—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by taxonomic origin from primates, e.g. man
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/30—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by aspects of specificity or valency
- C07K2317/32—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by aspects of specificity or valency specific for a neo-epitope on a complex, e.g. antibody-antigen or ligand-receptor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/70—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by effect upon binding to a cell or to an antigen
- C07K2317/76—Antagonist effect on antigen, e.g. neutralization or inhibition of binding
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Communicable Diseases (AREA)
- Oncology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
Description
(a)抗体または抗体産生細胞を含有する試料を提供し;そして
(b)試料中のまたは試料によって産生される抗体と、本発明のLukGH複合体の結合に関して評価する、ここで抗体およびLukGH複合体の間の陽性反応が、候補防御抗体として抗体を同定する
前記方法を提供する。
(a)本発明の同定法にしたがって同定される候補防御抗体を提供し;そして
(b)モノクローナル抗体、あるいは該候補防御抗体のヒト化型またはヒト型、あるいは該候補防御抗体と同じエピトープ結合特異性を持つその誘導体を産生する
工程を含む、前記方法を提供する。
(a)本発明のLukGH複合体で、非ヒト動物を免疫し;
(b)単離B細胞から不死化細胞株を形成し;
(c)b)で得られた細胞株をスクリーニングして、LukGH複合体に結合するモノクローナル抗体を産生する細胞株を同定し;そして
(d)モノクローナル抗体、あるいは該抗体のヒト化型またはヒト型、あるいは該モノクローナル抗体と同じエピトープ結合特異性を持つその誘導体を産生する
工程を含む、前記方法を提供する。
(a)本発明のLukGH複合体で、非ヒト動物を免疫し;
(b)単離B細胞から不死化細胞株を形成し;
(c)細胞株をスクリーニングして、LukGH複合体および少なくとも1つのLukGH複合体変異体に結合するモノクローナル抗体を産生する細胞株を同定し;そして
(d)モノクローナル抗体、あるいは該抗体のヒト化型またはヒト型、あるいは該モノクローナル抗体と同じエピトープ結合特異性を持つその誘導体を産生する
工程を含む、前記方法を提供する。
(a)本発明のLukGH複合体;
(b)場合によって、(a)の前記LukGH複合体と天然には会合しないさらなるエピトープまたは抗原;および
(c)キャリアー
を含む、免疫原を提供する。
a)抗体の生物学的活性断片であり、該断片は、分子の配列の少なくとも50%を含み、好ましくは少なくとも70%、より好ましくは少なくとも80%、さらにより好ましくは少なくとも90%、さらにより好ましくは少なくとも95%、そして最も好ましくは少なくとも97%、98%または99%を含み;
b)少なくとも1つのアミノ酸置換、付加および/または欠失によって、抗体から得られ、ここで、機能的に活性である変異体は、分子またはその部分に配列同一性を有し、例えば少なくとも50%の配列同一性、好ましくは少なくとも60%、より好ましくは少なくとも70%、より好ましくは少なくとも80%、さらにより好ましくは少なくとも90%、さらにより好ましくは少なくとも95%、そして最も好ましくは少なくとも97%、98%または99%の配列同一性を有し;そして/または
c)抗体またはその機能的に活性である変異体、およびポリペプチドまたはヌクレオチド配列に対して異種であるさらに少なくとも1つのアミノ酸またはヌクレオチドからなる。
アラニン:(Ala、A)非極性、中性;
アスパラギン:(Asn、N)極性、中性;
システイン:(Cys、C)非極性、中性;
グルタミン:(Gln、Q)極性、中性;
グリシン:(Gly、G)非極性、中性;
イソロイシン:(Ile、I)非極性、中性;
ロイシン:(Leu、L)非極性、中性;
メチオニン:(Met、M)非極性、中性;
フェニルアラニン:(Phe、F)非極性、中性;
プロリン:(Pro、P)非極性、中性;
セリン:(Ser、S)極性、中性;
スレオニン:(Thr、T)極性、中性;
トリプトファン:(Trp、W)非極性、中性;
チロシン:(Tyr、Y)極性、中性;
バリン:(Val、V)非極性、中性;および
ヒスチジン:(His、H)極性、陽性(10%)中性(90%)。
アルギニン:(Arg、R)極性、陽性;および
リジン:(Lys、K)極性、陽性。
アスパラギン酸:(Asp、D)極性、陰性;および
グルタミン酸:(Glu、E)極性、陰性。
6つの黄色ブドウ球菌毒素−LukH_TCH1516、LukH_MRSA252、LukH_MSHR1132、LukG_TCH1516、LukG_MRSA252およびLukG_MSHR1132を、大腸菌(BL21、RosettaまたはTuner DE3)中で組換え的に産生した。成熟タンパク質のための毒素遺伝子(SignalP 4.1 Server; http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/SignalP/を用いて決定)を大腸菌発現のためにコドン最適化して、そして黄色ブドウ球菌株USA300_TCH1516、MRSA252およびMSHR1132の公表されるゲノム配列に基づいた遺伝子合成によって生成した(図1A、配列番号1〜12、図10)。すべての毒素は、不溶性型でタグを伴わずに発現され、タンパク質は封入体から再フォールディングされて、そして精製され;精製は、LukHに関してはサイズ排除カラム上の2工程から、そしてLukGに関しては、陽イオン交換上の1工程およびpH10.2〜11.0での陰イオン交換上の1工程からなった。純度(SDS−PAGEによる)および単量体状態(サイズ排除による)に関して、ならびに実施例3に記載するように、in vitroアッセイにおいて、機能性に関して(図1B)、タンパク質をアッセイした。すべてのタンパク質を、アミノ反応性試薬スルホ−NHS−LCビオチンで標識した。
WO2009/036379A2、WO2012009568およびWO2010105256にしたがって発展させた酵母表面ディスプレイライブラリーによって、毒素結合抗体を選択した。実施例1に記載するように、毒素分子を組換え大腸菌産生タンパク質として発現させ、そしてビオチンで標識した。
抗原として、ビオチン化LukGH複合体を用い、実施例2に記載するものと同じ方式で、酵母表面ディスプレイによって、抗体選択を行った。ユニークなCDR配列を持つ、84のヒトmAbを選択した。分化したHL−60細胞または新鮮に単離したヒトPMNのいずれかを用いて、実施例3に記載するように、中和活性を測定し、そして非常に強力なLukGH複合体、または1%カザミノ酸を補充したRPMI−1640培地中で培養した黄色ブドウ球菌細胞(培養上清)によって産生された天然LukGHと、抗体のプレインキュベーションを行った。LukGまたはLukH mAbで得た結果とは対照的に、LukGH複合体で選択した抗体は、強力であることが立証され、これらの3/4は、300nM未満の最大半量阻害濃度(IC50)を示した。最も有効なmAbは、<30nMのIC50を有した(およそ10のmAb:毒素比)。分化したHL−60細胞を用いた、組換えLukGH複合体(図6A)または天然LukGH(図6B)のいずれかでの例を、図6に示す。新鮮に単離したヒトPMNをターゲット細胞として用いた際、強度に関して、同じ順位序列が見られた(図7A)。
本発明者らは、フローサイトメトリーに基づく表面染色を用いて、LukGH複合体が、ヒトPMNおよび分化したHL−60細胞に結合するが、未分化HL−60細胞には結合しないことを確定した。後者の細胞タイプがLukGHに完全に耐性である(細胞溶解がまったく検出されない)ため、これは毒素感受性に相関した。これらのデータによって、LukGH受容体がPMNおよび分化したHL−60細胞によって発現されることが示唆された。この受容体を同定するため、ビオチン標識LukGH(2μg)および108細胞を用いて、プルダウン実験を行った。ビオチン化LukGHおよびその結合パートナー(単数または複数)をストレプトアビジン・アガロース樹脂(ビオチンに結合する)上で収集し、そしてSDS−PAGEによって分析した。分子量150および90kDaの2つのユニークなタンパク質バンドが、PMNおよび分化したHL−60のプルダウン試料に見られたが、未分化HL−60分画には欠けており、そしてまたLukGHを添加せずに精製したPMN試料からも欠けていた(図9A)。これらのバンドをゲルから切り出し、そして質量分析(ペプチド・マス・フィンガープリンティング)に供した。ゲルバンドを消化し(トリプシン)、得たペプチドを、ナノ−LC−MS/MSによって測定し、そしてMascot(http://www.matrixscience.com)データベースに対して、MS/MSスペクトルを問い合わせた。トリプシンペプチドのマスに基づいて、2つのタンパク質は、CD11b(150kDa)およびCD18(90kDa)と同定された(図9B)。CD11bおよびCD18は、PMNおよび分化したHL−60細胞の表面上で複合体を形成することが知られ、補体受容体3(CR3)、または白血球インテグリンMac−1ともまた称される(FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. 2002, 34, 255)。PMNおよび分化したHL−60のプルダウン物質におけるCD11bの存在は、抗CD11b特異的mAb(Abcam ab52478)を用いたウェスタンブロットにおいて確認された(図9C)。これは興味深い知見であり、そしてすべてCD11b/CD18を発現することが知られる、ヒトPMN、単球および樹状細胞に対して毒性であると報告される、LukGHの細胞タイプ特異性を完全に説明する。未分化HL−60細胞がこの複合体の表面発現を欠くこともまた、広く確立されている。実際、陽性CD11b/CD18染色は、in vitroでのHL−60細胞の効率的な分化のマーカーとしてルーチンに用いられる。ペプチド質量分析はまた、より低いスコアで、PMNから単離された150kDaバンド中のCD11dを同定した(図9B)。CD11dはまた、CD18と複合体を形成して、インテグリンαDβ2を生じ、これは、炎症性マクロファージ上で上方制御され、そしてマクロファージ接着性およびその遊走を調節することが示された(Exp. Cell. Res. 2008, 314, 2569)。αDβ2は、アミノ酸レベルで、CD3に58%同一であり、そしてLukGHの潜在的な代替受容体である。
2.8Å解像度で解析されるLukGH USA300の構造によって、八量体孔配置が明らかになり、非対称性単位である2つの八量体があり、各八量体は、HlgABで得られるもの(PNAS 108, 17314, 2011)と同様に、4つの交互のLukGおよびLukHサブユニットで構成される(図10A)。毒素プロトマーは、八量体の界面の2つのタイプ:鎖AおよびBの間の界面(界面1)ならびに鎖BおよびCの間の界面(界面2)に関与する。包埋される表面積は、それぞれ、界面1および2に関して、2188および2461Å2である。界面1において、主な相互作用は、キャップドメイン間で起こり(図10B)、一方、界面2において、2つの単量体のキャップドメインおよびリムドメインの間の両方との相互作用がある(図10C)。LukGH八量体における2つの界面間の接触残基の分析によって、界面1が、34の水素結合、ならびにLukH由来の残基Asp39、Asp75およびAsp197、ならびにLukG由来のLys56、Lys58、Arg23およびLys218を伴う、一連の静電相互作用によって安定化されることが示されてきている。界面2においては、全部で56の水素結合があり、キャップドメイン間のLukH由来の残基Arg49およびArg240、ならびにLukG由来のAsp49およびGlu171、そしてリムドメイン間のLukH由来の残基Arg215およびArg234、ならびにLukG由来のAsp189およびAsp191を伴う静電相互作用がある。HlgAB八量体(pdbコード3B07)で観察される塩架橋と比較した際、キャップドメイン間で見られるものは、LukGHおよびHlgAB八量体の間で大部分保存されている(そしてまた、他のSおよびF成分間でも)が、リムドメイン間のもの(界面2におけるもの)は、LukGHにしか見られず、そして関与する残基は、LukGH変異体間で完全に保存されている(図1C)。2つの界面における包埋された表面積サイズに基づいて、そして界面2において、他のFおよびS成分(溶液中で二量体を形成することが知られていないもの)との塩架橋残基の保存が欠如していることに基づき、LukGH二量体に関する最もありうる界面は、界面2である(図10C)。この仮説を確認するため、本発明者らは、以下のように、静電相互作用に関与する残基を、Alaに変化させることによって、界面突然変異体を生成した。LukH中のAsp75およびAsp197をAlaに突然変異させて、LukH1(界面1 LukH突然変異体)を生じ、そしてLukG中のArg23およびLys218をAlaに突然変異させて、LukG1(界面1 LukG突然変異体)を生じた。第二の界面の突然変異体、LukH2およびLukG2を作製するため、LukH中のArg215、Arg234およびArg240、ならびにLukG中のAsp189、Asp191およびGlu171を、それぞれ、Alaに突然変異させた。
ある態様において、本発明は以下であってもよい。
[態様1]LukGH複合体を含む、単離黄色ブドウ球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)ロイコシジン抗原。
[態様2]LukGH複合体が、二量体またはオリゴマーとして、LukGおよびLukH成分を含む、態様1に記載の抗原。
[態様3]LukGH複合体が、組換えタンパク質および/または黄色ブドウ球菌株由来のタンパク質で構成される、態様1または2に記載の抗原。
[態様4]LukGおよびLukH成分が、組換え宿主細胞によって同時発現され、天然供給源から精製され、そして/または同時再フォールディングされる、態様3に記載の抗原。
[態様5]可溶性型のタンパク質複合体として提供される、態様1〜4のいずれか1に記載の抗原。
[態様6]ヒトCD11b/CD18受容体に結合可能な、態様1〜5のいずれか1に記載の抗原。
[態様7]LukGH複合体に特異的に結合する抗体。
[態様8]LukGH複合体を中和する、態様7に記載の抗体。
[態様9]USA300クローン由来の、好ましくはTCH1516株由来のLukGH複合体、およびLukGH複合体変異体の少なくとも1つに結合する、態様7または8に記載の抗体。
[態様10]LukGH複合体変異体が、USA300クローン由来のLukGH複合体に比較した際に、LukGまたはLukH成分のいずれかのアミノ酸配列中に、少なくとも1つの点突然変異を有する、態様7〜9のいずれか1に記載の抗体。
[態様11]LukGH複合体変異体が、配列番号8、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19および20からなる群より選択されるアミノ酸配列を含むLukG成分、ならびに/または配列番号6、10、21、22、23、24、25、26、27および28からなる群より選択されるアミノ酸配列を含むLukH成分を含む、態様7〜10のいずれか1に記載の抗体。
[態様12]USA300クローン由来のLukGH複合体が、配列番号4のアミノ酸配列を含むLukG成分および/または配列番号2のアミノ酸配列を含むLukH成分を含む、態様7〜11のいずれか1に記載の抗体。
[態様13]LukGH複合体およびLukGH複合体変異体を交差中和する、態様7〜12のいずれか1に記載の抗体。
[態様14]黄色ブドウ球菌LukGH二成分細胞溶解素の結合または毒性を決定する方法において使用するための、ヒトCD11b/CD18複合体。
[態様15]天然型で、あるいは単離型または固定型で用いられる、態様14に記載の使用のためのCD11b/CD18複合体。
Claims (8)
- 別個のLukG又はLukH成分と比較して、LukG及びLukHの可溶性型のヘテロ二量体である単離黄色ブドウ球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)LukGH複合体により高いアフィニティで結合する、抗LukGH抗体。
- LukGH複合体を中和する、請求項1に記載の抗体。
- USA300クローン由来のLukGH複合体、およびLukGH複合体変異体の少なくとも1つに結合する、請求項1または2に記載の抗体。
- TCH1516株由来のLukGH複合体、およびLukGH複合体変異体の少なくとも1つに結合する、請求項1または2に記載の抗体。
- LukGH複合体変異体が、配列番号4のアミノ酸配列からなるLukG成分および配列番号2のアミノ酸配列からなるLukH成分に比較した際に、LukGまたはLukH成分のいずれかのアミノ酸配列中に、少なくとも1つの点突然変異を有する、請求項3又は4に記載の抗体。
- LukGH複合体変異体が、配列番号8、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19および20からなる群より選択されるアミノ酸配列を含むLukG成分、ならびに/または配列番号6、10、21、22、23、24、25、26、27および28からなる群より選択されるアミノ酸配列を含むLukH成分を含む、請求項3〜5のいずれか1項に記載の抗体。
- LukGH複合体が、配列番号4のアミノ酸配列を含むLukG成分および配列番号2のアミノ酸配列を含むLukH成分を含む、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の抗体。
- LukGH複合体およびLukGH複合体変異体を交差中和する、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の抗体。
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